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SECTION ON PERINATAL PEDIATRICSNeWSleTTeR - WINTeR eDITION 2013 www.aap.org/perinatalHistory lessonDaniel Turner: colonial America’s FirstMD, Who Never Set Foot in AmericaIn 1723, Daniel Turner, a London surgeon, became the firstperson to receive an honorary M.D. from Colonial America’sYale College. That the now famous Yale should thusly honoran English surgeon should not surprise you—until you learnsome aspects of this incredible story.Dr. Turner, a surgeon-turned-physician, never attended YaleCollege; he received no medical training from any other schoolin America—in fact, he had not even set foot in America; andto boot, Yale College did not have a medical school until nearlyanother century.Here are some details of this bizarre episode detailed inMedicine at Yale: The First 200 Years. 1In the Company of Barber Surgeons: In 1540, King Henry VIIIgranted a Royal Charter by merging the Guild of Barbers andthe Guild of Surgeons into a single entity, the Company ofBarber- Surgeons. 2,3 This royal act elevated the status ofsurgeons and increased their respectability. However, theirsocial standing remained barely a cut above that of thebarbers. Surgeons were not addressed as “doctors”—thathonor was reserved for physicians, the esteemed members ofa profession that tended to the ailments of the body and soul,using precious herbs and secret potions to treat the “physic.” 2Although Turner was admitted into the Barber-Surgeon’sCompany in 1700, he aspired for greater recognition, morerespect, and higher social standing by becoming a Fellow ofthe Royal College of Physicians (FRCP). Towards this end, heterminated his membership of the Company of Barber-Surgeons by paying a fine of £50 and took the FRCP oralexam.But there was a catch. To receive an FRCP, one needed adegree from a university (preferably from Cambridge orOxford), which Turner lacked.Undeterred by this deficiency, Turner continued to publishcase reports and books based on his surgical experience andmade a name for himself as an “academic surgeon.” One ofhis 1703 books was titled, Apologia Chyrurgica: A Vindicationof the Noble Art of Surgery.A Gift and a Hidden Request: In 1722, Turner sent 25 books(32 volumes) across the Atlantic in a parcel to the fledgingYale University that had been founded in 1701. 3 In his letter,he addressed the “Most Erudite Lords at Yale Academy” andstressed that the “invaluable” books he was sending wouldsupplement the “infantile state” of the library at Yale. Heparticularly noted that the books were from his personalcollection and he was sending some of the books he hadauthored. He made sure to praise Yale’s efforts to advancethe “cause of literary affairs,” by supporting education inliterature, liberal arts, and the sciences.And then, as if an afterthought, there was a postscript:“If your Lordships judge me worthy of the Degree of Doctor ofYale Academy, and care to transmit the diploma, I shall acceptit as a token of your gratitude, but shall consider it an honor as30great as if it had been conferred by another, even morerenowned University.” 1If Yale felt insulted by the backhanded compliment in the finalphrase of the above postscript, it did not express it. In fact, therelatively young Yale College, in spite of its library with over1600 volumes at the time, looked upon Turner’s parcel as alarge gift. Moreover, while there are no records about themotivation for the “Most erudite Lordship” at Yale to confer onTurner an honorary MD, it did exactly that.This apparent “scandalous” episode of awarding a degree inexchange for book donation did not go unnoticed by the 18thcentury press. Newspapers criticized the College’s action.The mockery continued through the 20th century press. Asrecently as in 1954, Ripley’s Believe It or Not! included thisbizarre episode in a comic strip. 1In spite of receiving MD degree from Yale, Turner failed toobtain the coveted London FRCP. However, he put on a braveface. He accepted the Yale doctorate and began openlysigning himself ‘Daniel Turner M.D., of the College ofPhysicians of London.’References1. Falvey, KL. Medicine at Yale: The First 200 Years. YaleUniversity Press, New Haven, CT, 2010, pages2-52. Hǽger, K. The Illustrated History of Surgery. BellPublishing Company, New York, NY. 1988, page 100-1013. Morton LT, Moore J. A Chronology of Medicine andRelated Sciences. Scholar Press, Aldershot, England,1997. Page 63.Tonse N. K. Raju, MD, DcHPregnancy and Perinatology BranchEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health andHuman Developmentcalendar of eventsThe 26th Annual Graven conferenceclearwater Beach, FlFebruary 27-March 2, 2013cAN/District IX conferencecoronado Island, cAMarch 1-3, 20132013 Spring Workshop onPerinatal Practice StrategiesScottsdale, AZApril 5-7, 2013Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS)Washington, DcMay 4-7, 2013SAN (District X Meeting)Marco Island, FlMay 16-19, 2013AAP National conference & exhibitionOrlando, FlOctober 25-29, 2013
www.aap.org/perinatal 31SECTION ON PERINATAL PEDIATRICSNeWSleTTeR - WINTeR eDITION 2013SOUTHEASTERN ASSOCIATION OFNEONATOLOGISTS27th Annual ConferenceMay 16-19, 2013Marco Island MarriottResort and SpaMarco Island, Floridawww.southeastneo.orgThis activity is jointly sponsored by:Norton Healthcare and grants fromMead Johnson NutritionAmerican Academy of Pediatrics ~ Perinatal Section (District X)Guest FacultyLucky Jain, MDMyra Wyckoff, MDTerrie Inder, MDRichard Polin, MDKristi Watterberg, MDMeyer Dworsky, MDSAN Contact person: Barry D. Chandler, M.D., PresidentPhone: (954) 838-2628E-mail: bchandler@shcr.comRegister online at: www.southeastneo.orgDesignation: Norton Healthcare designates this live educational activity fora maximum of 17.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits . Physicians shouldonly claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in theactivity.For questions related to CME, please contact Carol Fout-Zignani, Directorof Norton Healthcare CME at (502) 629-8574, fax (502) 629-6556 or email:carol.fout-zignani@nortonhealthcare.orgTecaN Websitewww.aap.org/TecaNThe Research corner has fundingresources for fellows and early careerneonatologists, including a list of helpfulcontacts and sample grants.District GrantsDeadline: March 15, 2013The Section on Perinatal Pediatrics offers grants foreducational or organization purposes within the individualperinatal districts of the Academy. The grant award is up to$4,000 per district. Applicants must be members of theSection on Perinatal Pediatrics. The following guidelinesshould be followed when submitting for funding:1. Focus of the grant must be on perinatal pediatrics.2. The purpose of the grant may be educational,organizational or both.3. District-wide programs directed toward general andsubspecialty pediatricians will be prioritized.4. Grants may be used jointly by neighboring districts.5. Grant applications must include title, purpose,specific objectives, target audience,proposal/program content and budget.6. Applications should be discussed with your DistrictRepresentative on the Section’sExecutive Committee prior to submission.7. The planned activity should not conflict with theSection’s spring workshop (April 5-7, 2013)or the AAP ‘s National Conference(October 25-29, 2013)8. Following the sponsored program, a copy of thebrochure, number of people attending andtheir professional affiliations and programevaluations results should be submitted as soon aspossible after the meeting or by June 1, 2014 toJim Couto, MA, Director,Division of Hospital & Surgical Services,141 Northwest Point Blvd.,Elk Grove Village, IL 60007.The submission deadline is March 15, 2013. Proposalsshould be sent to Jim Couto, MA at the above address. Aletter of support from the District Representative on theExecutive Committee of the Section on Perinatal Pediatricsis recommended and should be forwarded with theproposal.The career corner will help guide youthrough your first years following training.Briefly legal, written by Maureen Sims,MD, highlights practice pearls. Topicscovered include your first job andresuscitation (the basics and acute bloodloss at delivery).
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