Strategic Nutrition for Bone and Joint Health - Fortitech

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PAGE 2was associated with higher bone mineral density only in women with calcium intakesgreater than 500 mg/day.MagnesiumMagnesium is a mineral constituent in bone and is important for a variety of other bodilyfunctions, including energy metabolism and proper nerve function. There is scant evidencethat adding additional magnesium to the diet will have a positive effect on bone metabolismand no direct evidence that magnesium supplementation will enhance bone mineral densityor reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Nevertheless, an intriguing, well-conducted study ineight-14 year old girls found that supplementation with 300 mg magnesium (as magnesiumoxide) per day for 12 months resulted in a significant increase in hip bone mineral contentcompared to a placebo group. An important element of this study was the selection of girlsthat had relatively low magnesium intakes, less than the RDA of 240 mg/d for this agegroup. Thus, at least in children, the provision of additional magnesium in the diet couldhave beneficial effects on bone.Quality is the singlemost importantfactor in the successof a product. Visitwww.fortitech.com/quality to learn moreOther Potential Bone Bioactive IngredientsTeaHabitual tea drinking has been associated with higherbone mineral density in the Women’s Health Initiative ObservationalStudy of a large number of older women (50-75 years of age) in the US. Additionally, investigators inAustralia found that elderly women tea drinkers hadhigher bone mineral density than non-tea drinkers, andhad lower rates of bone loss from the hip. Animal studieshave supported the possible role of green tea extracts inbone metabolism, but no human studies have been reportedto date.PhytoestrogensReduction in ovarian function in postmenopausal womenleads to an increase in bone resorption and greater ratesof bone loss. Isoflavones found in soy act as phytoestrogensand have been reported to protect bone from estrogen deficiency. In a paper publishedthis year, investigators at Purdue University in Indiana found that soy isoflavonescould reduce bone resorption in postmenopausal women during a 50-day study. This confirmsan early report in which bone turnover was measured in postmenopausal women receiving110 mg/day soy isoflavone supplement for six months. Positive effects of soy isoflavoneson bone resorption only occur in postmenopausal women not taking hormone replacementtherapy.DHEADHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) concentrations in blood decrease as we age. A new studyhas assessed the effect of DHEA supplementation (50 mg/day) on bone mineral density inolder adults from Missouri that were given calcium and vitamin D supplements during a two-year study. No change in bone mineral density (BMD) was found in older men, but therewas a significant increase in BMD in women taking DHEA.STRATEGIC NUTRITION FOR BONE & JOINT HEALTHTECHNICAL PAPER—JAN, 2010PAGE 6
PAGE 2Joint NutrientsInformation about the role of nutrients and bioactive ingredients in joint health is generallymuch less developed than that of bone health. Nevertheless, a number of potentially usefulingredients as shown in Figure 3 stand out; in particular, those that are constituents of cartilage,such as chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine, or play a role in controlling inflammation,such as omega-3 fatty acids.Fortitech is theexpert when it comesto blending multiplenutrients to create anaward winning endproductFigure 3.Joint Health IngredientsChondroitin SulfateChondroitin sulfate is an important structural component of cartilage. The Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT), a large randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled intervention study in patients with knee osteoarthritis, recently reported that patientstaking 400 mg chondroitin sulfate three times per day had a significant improvementin knee joint swelling. This treatment seemed particularly effective in patients with milderlevels of pain and symptoms.GlucosamineGlucosamine is a chemical precursor of glycosaminoglycan, a major component of joint cartilagehas been the subject of much research as a potential beneficial aid in the managementof osteoarthritis. In a three-year, randomized, placebocontrolled,double-blind study of the effects of 1,500 mg of glucosaminesulfate in patients with knee osteoarthritis, Czech investigatorsfound that glucosamine sulfate slowed the progression of kneeosteoarthritis. A similar study in Belgium also found that glucosaminesulfate prevented joint space narrowing in postmenopausalwomen with knee osteoarthritis. In a follow up study, these investigatorsfound that patients who had received glucosamine sulfatefor one to three years were significantly less likely to require totaljoint replacement surgery during the subsequent five-year period.Omega-3 Fatty Acids/Fish OilBesides osteoarthritis, another important category of arthritic diseaseis rheumatoid arthritis, characterized by a systemic inflamma-STRATEGIC NUTRITION FOR BONE & JOINT HEALTHTECHNICAL PAPER—JAN, 2010PAGE 7
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