Stereotype Threat: What is it, and what are its effects?
Stereotype Threat: What is it, and what are its effects?
Stereotype Threat: What is it, and what are its effects?
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<strong>Stereotype</strong> <strong>Threat</strong>:<strong>What</strong> <strong>is</strong> <strong>it</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>what</strong> <strong>are</strong> <strong>it</strong>s<strong>effects</strong>?By Kaydi McQuadeCURR 580 Level 1November 2006
Why Study <strong>Stereotype</strong><strong>Threat</strong>?‣ The researchers feltthat if stereotypethreat was found in atesting s<strong>it</strong>uation, <strong>it</strong>could help explain theachievement gapbetween wh<strong>it</strong>e <strong>and</strong>minor<strong>it</strong>y students
The Structure of the StudyStudy Design2 x 2 Factorial DesignStudy Participants:Freshman from anUrban Florida SchoolEvaluative Cond<strong>it</strong>ion"Trad<strong>it</strong>ional" TestingNon- Evaluative Cond<strong>it</strong>ion"Bias- Free"Two GroupsSeparate Testing PeriodsTwo GroupsSeparate Testing Periods
Other Possible Factors‣ Anxiety: : The authorsquote several recentstudies that indicatethat anxiety related togroup membershipproduces “cogn<strong>it</strong>iveinterference” <strong>and</strong>negatively affectstesting results‣ Perceptions of Abil<strong>it</strong>y<strong>and</strong> Expectancy forSuccess: “Students’self- perceptions…(ofthese factors) relatestrongly to theirachievement.”
Before Learning the ActualPurpose of the Study,Participants Answered aQuestionnaire About Anxiety<strong>and</strong> Bias
The Results: Number Correct‣ Evaluative Cond<strong>it</strong>ion:‣ Wh<strong>it</strong>e Students: 21.0Correct‣ African AmericanStudents: 12.3Correct‣ Non- EvaluativeCond<strong>it</strong>ion:‣ Wh<strong>it</strong>e Students: 19.5Correct‣ African AmericanStudents: 17.3Correct
The Results: AnxietyInventory‣ Evaluative Cond<strong>it</strong>ion:‣ Wh<strong>it</strong>e Students: 11.9‣ African AmericanStudents: 14.3‣ Non- EvaluativeCond<strong>it</strong>ion:‣ Wh<strong>it</strong>e Students: 12.7‣ African AmericanStudents: 12.8
Potential Study Lim<strong>it</strong>ations:‣ Small sample size‣ Use of v<strong>is</strong>ual- spatial rather thanmathematical task‣ Possibil<strong>it</strong>y of multiple variables
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