Coal in India

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Goa consumed around 2300 kWh per person, almost 13 times the electricityconsumed per person in Bihar. As a comparison, the average Australianconsumes around 10 200 kWh per person which is about 4.5 times as muchas a person in Goa and 57 times as much as a person in Bihar.Figure 8. India’s electricity use per person, 2014Jammu and KashmirRajasthanGujaratMadhyaPradeshPunjabHaryanaMaharashtraHimachal PradeshUttarakhandUttar PradeshSikkimBiharManipurTripuraMizoramJharkhandWest BengalChhattisgarhOdishaTelanganaMeghalayaAssamArunachal PradeshNagalandGoaAndhra PradeshKarnatakaTamil NaduKeralaNote: Map shows India’s territorial claimsSource: CEIC 2015.N/A or negligible2000 kWh/personThe Indian electricity network comprises five regional grids—Northern,Western, Southern, Eastern and North Eastern (figure 9). These grids havebeen interconnected since the end of 2013, but transmission and distributioninfrastructure remain underdeveloped. There is considerable diversity inthe resources available for power generation between the regional grids.The best solar resources are in the West (Gujarat and Rajasthan); wind inthe South (Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh) and West (Gujarat); coal inthe East and central West (Jharkhand, Odisha and Chhattisgarh); nuclearin the South, North and East (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhandand Meghalaya); and hydropower in the East (Sikkim) (IEA 2014b). Thedifference in available resources influences the amount of power availablewithin each of the regions. Those with insufficient resources have a powerdeficit, while those with large resources have a power surplus. On balance,India has been in power deficit for several years.32COAL IN INDIA 2015
Figure 9. India’s power grid regionsNorthPopulation: 369 millionPower deficitNorth EasternPopulation: 44 millionPower surplusWesternPopulation: 273 millionPower deficitEasternPopulation: 271 millionPower surplusSouthernPopulation: 252 millionPower deficitNote: Map shows India’s territorial claimsSource: IEA 2014b.India’s electricity market is principally powered by coal which accounts foralmost three-quarters of total electricity generation (figure 10). India’s coalfiredelectricity generation more than doubled from around 390 TWh in 2000to 800 TWh in 2012. In 2012, India had a total installed electricity capacityof around 250 gigawatts. Around 60 per cent of this was coal-fired. Otherrenewables accounted for 13 per cent of India’s installed capacity, but onlysupplied 5 per cent of total generation, illustrating the relatively low utilisationand efficiency of these technologies (figure 11).India’s electricity market isprincipally powered by coalwhich accounts for almostthree-quarters of totalelectricity generation.INDIA’S ELECTRICITY AND COAL MARKETS33
Page 1 and 2: Coal in India2015WWW.INDUSTRY.GOV.A
Page 4 and 5: Further informationFor more informa
Page 6 and 7: ContentsABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
Page 8 and 9: Figure 8. India’s electricity use
Page 10 and 11: Abbreviations andacronymsAUSCCCSCIL
Page 12 and 13: Executive SummaryIndia is the world
Page 14 and 15: Coal is an important part of India
Page 17 and 18: IntroductionIt has been clear for s
Page 19: Coal is expected to play a major ro
Page 22 and 23: and have responsibility for energy
Page 24 and 25: it has Maharatna status, which give
Page 26 and 27: Coal production in Indiahas been co
Page 28 and 29: Table 1. Conversion equivalents bet
Page 30 and 31: Figure 6. India’s energy mix40035
Page 34 and 35: Figure 10. India’s electricity ge
Page 36 and 37: involves the payment of bribes to o
Page 38 and 39: India’s power sector hasbeen maki
Page 40 and 41: Figure 13. India’s installed coal
Page 42 and 43: The average efficiency ofIndia’s
Page 44 and 45: Figure 16. India’s proved coal re
Page 46 and 47: Table 2. Indian thermal coal classi
Page 48 and 49: Coal producersGovernmentCIL is the
Page 50 and 51: have increased rapidly over the pas
Page 52 and 53: 2009, growth in India’s coal impo
Page 55 and 56: Modi Governmentpolicies, reforms an
Page 57 and 58: competitive. As India’s economy d
Page 59 and 60: 2005 levels, by 2020. This does not
Page 61: In order to promote a rapid increas
Page 64 and 65: 2017 at the earliest and announced
Page 66 and 67: is projected to more than double in
Page 68 and 69: the largest coal users are projecte
Page 70 and 71: coupled with anticipated reforms to
Page 72 and 73: Figure 27. Share of world thermal c
Page 74 and 75: A number of private Indian companie
Page 76 and 77: The lengthy approvalprocess has cau
Page 79 and 80: Implications forAustraliaCoal has b
Page 81 and 82: Figure 30. Key coal price indicator
Page 83:
with lower ash levels than most of
Page 86 and 87:
Coal characteristicsCoal is a combu
Page 88 and 89:
lignite varies between 2200-4600 ki
Page 90 and 91:
The widespread availability of coal
Page 92 and 93:
is allowed to collapse. Up to 75 pe
Page 94 and 95:
Figure 36. Coal-fired power plant s
Page 96 and 97:
more strain on plant components and
Page 98 and 99:
Carbon capture and storageCarbon ca
Page 100 and 101:
Figure 39. World coal consumption,
Page 102 and 103:
Das, K.N. & Paul, S. 2015, ‘As In
Page 104 and 105:
Ministry of Coal (MOC) 2014a, Funct
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Coal in India

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