SCI 256 Week 5 Final Exam Guide/Uoptutorial

8. Decreased death rate and the accelerated rate of human population growth are related to:I. improved sanitation and healthII. increased food supplyIII. control of disease-spreading organisms9. Which of the following cycles involves the movement of water from the surface of theEarth through the atmosphere back to the surface of the Earth?10. The substance with the greatest significance for the global carbonate-silicate cycle is:11. According to the Environmental Science text, an ecosystem:12. Which of the following statements is true about omnivores?13. In the open ocean, the first trophic level is composed primarily of:14. Firewood is the primary source of fuel for cooking and heating in many cultures.Approximately what percentage of the world's total energy use involves firewood?15. Gradual, sequential changes in the composition of an ecosystem, particularly followingan initial disturbance is called:16. Since the extensive fires in Yellowstone National Park in 1988, the park often has beencited as an example of the connection between forest fire and natural succession. An importantpart of understanding the danger of wildfire in Yellowstone is understanding its history. Fromthe time of the founding of the park in 1872 until 1963, what was the policy regarding wildfires?17. What is the most important cause of starvation worldwide?

18. Aquaculture refers to:19. Deserts occur naturally where:20. What is the main reason that DDT is still being used in large areas of the world?21. Which of the terms below refers to the phenomenon in which many species escape from acut area and seek refuge in the border of the forest:22. The most fundamental difference between a park and a true wilderness area is:23. As people clear land and modify the environment, species which _____ are especiallyvulnerable to extinction.24. Carrying capacity is the:25. Which of the following are the three main energy sources used in the U.S?26. The majority of Earth's energy input comes from:27. _________ is an example of a fossil fuel; _________ is an example of an alternativeenergy source; and _________ is an example of a renewable energy source:28. The Alaska National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) has made headlines because of:29. Which of the following is the strongest argument in favor of pollution allowance trading:

30. Oil is:31. Which of the following terms refers to energy produced from any source other than fossilfuels:32. What is geothermal energy?33. What one factor, more than others, determines the suitability of tidal power for a coastalsite?34. The worst accident in the history of commercial nuclear power happened in 1986 atChernobyl, where a uranium fuel meltdown occurred. According to the Environmental Sciencetext, in the next 20 to 30 years, there will be an increase in cancer:35. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 considered the role of nuclear power in the U.S. energymix. Its recommendation was to:36. What is an aquifer?37. “Instream use” refers to:38. Desalination is a promising source of water for some locations because:39. The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen in groundwater probably would be greatest:40. According to the Environmental Science text, what is the most critical water pollutionproblem in the world?

41. During the last two million years or so, the climate of the Earth has:42. Large volcanic eruptions appear to make the Earth's climate _________, at leasttemporarily.43. Carbon monoxide is particularly dangerous to humans because:44. Atmospheric inversion conditions over urban areas pose a problem primarily because:45. This is an ailment caused by long-term exposure to air with high concentrations of soot orcarbon-rich dust:46. The number of deaths caused by lung cancer due to exposure to radon is comparable tothe number of deaths caused by ______________ in the U.S. each year.47. The field of environmental economics seeks to:48. Many natural organisms and ecosystems perform service functions that are beneficial tohumans. These include all of the following except:49. Before modern sanitation and medicine, a major control on population density inEuropean cities (and cities elsewhere) was:50. Love Canal, near Niagara Falls, New York, illustrates which of the following principlesor problems?