BRIEFING KIT

BRIEFING KITRegional Office for Caucasus and Central Asia

Table of Contents1. OCHA ROCCA Snapshot2. OCHA ROCCA Regional Strategy 2012-20133. International Disaster Response Laws & OCHA ROCCA4. Central Asia Centre for Disaster Response and Risk Reduction & OCHA ROCCA’s role5. Regional Humanitarian Funding Updates Central Asia Special Issue for 2006 – 2011 Central Asia July – October 2011 Caucasus and Central Asia November 2011 – March 2012 Caucasus and Central Asia April – June 2012 Caucasus and Central Asia July – September 20126. OCHA ROCCA maps ROCCA coverage and regional presence map Elevation reference map Earthquakes: Caucasus and Central Asia, 2007 – October 2012

Regional Office for the Caucasus and Central Asia (ROCCA)SnapshotInternational staff deployed for emergency response: 23 deployments International appeal issuedHumanitarian affairs officersInformation management officersRegional disaster response advisorsSouth Ossetia crisis, Georgia (September 2008)Administrative officer Civil unrest, Kyrgyzstan (June 2010 - July 2011)Refugee influx, Uzbekistan (June 2010)Regional events- Contingency planning for complex emergencies (CA) – 2009- OCHA humanitarian action training (CA) – 2009ROCCA presence in the region- UNDAC / INSARAG workshop (CCA) – 2011- IDRL workshop (co-convened with IFRC) (CA) – 2011- Protection of civilians’ rights in natural disasters workshop (CCA) – 2012- Information mamagement workshop (CCA) – 2012Inter-agency contingency plans- Armenia – 2012- Georgia – 2012- Kazakhstan – 2008, 2010 & 2012- Kyrgyzstan – 2010, 2011 & 2012- Tajikistan – 2010 & 2012- Turkmenistan – 2012- Uzbekistan – 2010 & 2012Emergencies responded to (without an appeal)Kazakhstan2008floodsKyrgyzstan2008earthquakeKyrgyzstan2009earthquakeGEORGIAYerevan!ARMENIAAZERBAIJANTajikistan2009earthquakeCaspian seaUzbekistan2010refugee influxTURKMENISTANUZBEKISTANKAZAKHSTAN!Kyrgyzstan 2010civil conflict ($ 94 million)Unfunded27 %DushanbeSROCA expanded to ROCCAto cover Caucasus & Central AsiaAlmaty, Kazakhstan!Funded73 %!!TAJIKISTANAlmatyKYRGYZSTANBishkekOshTajikistan 2008/9compound crisis($ 40 million)Unfunded30 %Funded70 %NDRAto be appointedYerevan, ArmeniaKyrgyzstan 2008compound crisis($ 15 million)Simulation exercisesKyrgyzstan- National – 2012- Inter-agency – 2012- USCENTCOM (regional) – 20122013 - JanTajikistan 2009floods($ 8 million)Funded Funded15 mil 53 % 19 % 7 milUnfunded47 %Kazakhstan- Inter-agency – 2011- IFRC (regional) – 2011- National Red Crescent Society – 2011Uzbekistan- Inter-agency – 2008 & 2012Unfunded81 %2007 - Sep2012 - JanOpening OCHA Sub-RegionalOffice for Central Asia (SROCA)Almaty, KazakhstanOpening HumanitarianSupport Units (HSUs)Bishkek / Osh, KyrgyzstanCA: Central Asia; CCA: Caucasus and Central Asia; IDRL: International Disaster Response LawsINSARAG: International Search and Rescue Advisory Group; UNDAC: United Nations Disaster Assessment and CoordinationUSCENTCOM: United States Central Command2010 - Jun Dec - 2011 2012 - FebClosure HSUsNational DisasterResponse Adviser (NDRA) appointedBishkek, Kyrgyzstan2012 - MarNDRA appointedDushanbe, Tajikistan

seismological phase. Major urban areas are disproportionately vulnerable. Throughout the twentieth century,earthquakes have levelled parts of regional capital cities, such as Almaty in 1911, Ashgabat in 1948 andTashkent in 1966. In Ashgabat, 56,000 people died. In Tashkent, 100,000 people were affected.Recent earthquakes in the region are indicative of the devastating potential of major earthquakes in highlypopulated areas. International studies show that within the next 20 years there is a 40 per cent probabilitythat an earthquake with intensity of XI (catastrophic) on the Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik scale will strikenear one of the region’s capital cities. Most of these cities have a population of at least 1 million .5Hydrological disastersWater scarcity and recurring drought continue to affect the region. This leads to food insecurity, energyshortages and urbanization, particularly in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Low water levels in thereservoirs of two major Central Asian hydropower stations caused energy shortages in Kyrgyzstan andTajikistan, and a shortage of irrigation water in downstream countries. Glaciers in the region have beenmelting faster in recent years, increasing glacial run offs, mudflows, landslides and land degradation.Meteorological disastersMeteorological hazards in the region primarily include floods, drought, hail, strong winds and extremetemperatures. They occur with greater frequency than geophysical hazards and at all scales, from small riverbasins (in the case of floods) to major river basins and large portions of the region (in the case of severefloods and droughts). During the 2007/8 winter, extreme cold and energy shortages combined with thedeteriorating food-security situation in Tajikistan caused a humanitarian crisis primarily affecting millions ofurban residents. Such compound crises have become more common in the Central Asian sub-region, withslow-onset emergencies now a new challenge for the humanitarian community.Food securityThe cost of food and fuel remains high and volatile. Food prices in Kyrgyzstan are at a historical peak. InKyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, about 18 and 30 per cent of population respectively are food insecure.Compound CrisisA new regional trend is a compound crisis, where gradual erosion of human security is compounded bymultiple factors (such as climatic events, political instability, and poor development and infrastructure)creating new humanitarian caseloads. The impact of climate change is being reflected in more intense andfrequent droughts and flash floods, the desertification of the Aral Sea and the melting of glaciers in theregion.Energy securityIncreasing competition over oil and gas resources could lead to increased local and regional instability. TheCaspian Sea region, which includes the Caucasus and Central Asia, contains 4 to 6 per cent of the world’sgas reserves and 3 to 4 per cent of global oil reserves. While these percentages are comparatively small, theregion represents a key supply route for energy importers such as the United States, the European Unionand China.National CapacityCountries in the region can be loosely divided into two categories: middle-income countries that are prone tonatural disasters and have a medium response capacity (inadequate capacity to respond to a major disasteraffecting more than one province); and low-income countries that need international assistance or are at highrisk of needing it.While most countries in the region have established independent national disaster management authoritiesat ministerial level, others have assigned this task to branches within the Ministry of Defence, Ministry ofInterior or even the Prime Minister’s Office. In Central Asia, the emergency ministries are being transformedfrom military to civil protection models. As such they are being given more importance within Governmentstructures.Most countries within the ROCCA region are moving towards implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action2005-2015. However, budgets and human resource capacity are limited, and methodologies and conceptsare outdated. Information is often restricted, which hampers cooperation with non-state actors. Domestic5 Geohazards International, various reports cited October 2011 www.geohaz.org/United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)Coordination Saves Lives | www.unocha.org

legislation needs to be adapted to facilitate international humanitarian assistance. Finally, there is at times acertain reluctance to formally request international assistance among some governments that lack capacityto respond to domestic emergencies. Regional networksMost Central Asian states are members of a range of overlapping security, economic and cultural networksand organizations that facilitate regional cooperation. Key organizations include the Collective SecurityTreaty Organisation, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Economic Cooperation Organizationand the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. These initiatives include various configurations of the ROCCAcountries working to establish regional cooperation.Most Caucasus states participate in regional cooperation networks, such as the Black Sea EconomicCooperation forum, the Black Sea Force, the Caspian Sea Force and the Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan andMoldova Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. At the global level, NATO and theEuropean Union seek closer engagement in the Caucasus. 6The nearly established Centre for Disaster Response and Risk Reduction joined by Kazakhstan andKyrgyzstan initially and open for other interested states, became an example of collaboration through subregionalforums demonstrating that regional cooperation can be achieved through systematic and strategicengagement with ROCCA nations.III. OCHA REGIONAL STRATEGYCurrent focusThe office has reinforced existing local disaster management mechanisms to enhance local leadership insmall- to medium-scale natural disaster response. Governments and regional partners have applaudedefforts to increase cross-border and inter-agency collaboration, including the establishment of the CentralAsian Centre for Disaster Response and Risk Reduction. The centre serves as a hub for regional initiativesto improve cross-border cooperation in disaster preparedness, response and disaster risk reduction. MemberStates from Central Asia and the Caucasus are participating in international response mechanisms, such asINSARAG and UNDAC, and supporting humanitarian funding mechanisms such as Central EmergencyRelief Fund (CERF). Further integration of regional Member States in international response mechanisms isneeded.Cooperation with development banks is needed given their increasing role in early recovery activities and inresponse to the global food and financial crises. ROCCA has begun to map all early warning initiatives inCentral Asia to pull these together into a regular overview for all key stakeholders involved in disasterresponse in the region.Forward strategyIn 2012-13, ROCCA plans to provide a range of services across a diverse set of national and regionalcontexts. To address the vulnerabilities highlighted in part one of this strategy, and in line with OCHA’sStrategic Framework 2010-13 and Policy Instruction on Regional Offices, ROCCA’s priority areas for 2012-13 are as follows:Preparedness, early warning and contingency planningEnhance capacity to analyse vulnerability and evaluate risk factors in priority countries.Enhance collaboration between ROCCA and OCHA country offices in the region to ensure consistent,coherent and effective preparedness and humanitarian response.Promote inter-agency action to support capacity-building, disaster preparedness and emergencyresponse among humanitarian actors and with governments in the most vulnerable Member States. Therole of regional IASC Task Force is crucial in driving this initiative.Support to emergency responseEnsure first line of response through immediate surge to sudden-onset and slow-onset disasters in theregion. ROCCA staff will handover and provide support and guidance to any staff deployed through othermechanisms, such as ERR or standby partners.Provide specialized support to OCHA country offices, Humanitarian Country Teams, ResidentCoordinators and UN Country Teams in areas of OCHA expertise, such as CAP processes, CERF,disaster risk reduction, humanitarian advocacy and contingency planning.6 Current Geostrategy in the South Caucasus, Eurasia Net quoted October 2011 www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/pp010707.shtmlUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)Coordination Saves Lives | www.unocha.org

Development of regional coordination networksEnhance a regional coordinated approach in collaboration with humanitarian actors, regionalorganizations and Member States.Develop consistent, long-term strategies towards partnerships in the region involving key intergovernmentalorganizations, emerging donors and Member States.Develop advocacy strategies in collaboration with headquarters and key humanitarian partners topromote humanitarian principles, improve humanitarian space and increase participation of MemberStates in humanitarian response. This includes engaging resource-rich countries in the multilateral aidsystem and providing wider support to other countries in the region.A top priority for the regional office is to build sustained partnerships with governments and humanitarianorganizations. OCHA will ensure a cautious strategy when approaching sensitive governments onhumanitarian space issues.Given the current economic climate, it is essential for OCHA to broaden its funding base and strengthen itsties with traditional donors and emerging donors in Central Asia and the Caucasus. OCHA will encouragecountries rich in natural resources to embrace the multilateral humanitarian system.ROCCA will use its performance framework, the Policy Instruction on Regional Offices and OCHA’s StrategicFramework to enhance its capacity to deliver core functions. ROCCA will focus on training and upgrading theskills of professional and support staff. Higher staff capacity is required in civil-military coordination,humanitarian funding, disaster risk reduction and INSARAG/UNDAC. Strong focus will be on ensuring staffreadiness for rapid deployment within 24 to 72 hours of any regional emergency.ROCCA will fully support further decentralization of administrative functions from headquarters to the field,aimed at decreasing OCHA’s financial and administrative transaction costs.United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)Coordination Saves Lives | www.unocha.org

After the first workshop1. Red Crescent Societies of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan conducted similar nationalIDRL trainings in their countries.2. With support from the IFRC, the Kazakhstan RC (jointly with the Ministry of Emergencies) hasalso conducted a full review of national legislation in Kazakhstan in the light of the IDRLGuidelines and developed concrete proposals for new legislation (currently pending).3. The UNDP offices in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan with support from the Red Crescent Societieshave also launched similar assessments of their national legislation.3. Second IDRL Conference, 2011Goal - facilitate exchange of information, experiences and resources related to the facilitation andregulation of international disaster relief among Central Asian countries.Moreover, in November 2011, the 31 st International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescentwill again take up the issue of disaster laws, including not only the issue of regulating internationalrelief but also how legislation can promote effective disaster risk reduction at the community level, andhow governments and disaster responders can overcome regulatory barriers to the provision ofemergency and transitional shelter after disasters. This workshop will thus also be an opportunity topreview these new issues and provide input from the region as to how they will be framed at theglobal level.

OCHA’s role in CACDRRRSince 2008 OCHA Regional Office for Caucasus and Central Asia (ROCCA) has facilitated three highlevelmeetings, bringing together key partners and representatives to agree on the necessary steps to betaken in establishing of the regional centre. Deputy Director of OCHA Geneva and HAO from RO Dubaiparticipated in the first meeting, and a representative of OCHA Emergency Services Branch in Genevaopened the third meeting.At the first meeting in 2008 OCHA agreed to field an expert mission to Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan toassess available warehouse space and provide recommendations on this and other issues. AfterKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan later that year in Kuala Lumpur agreed that theywould cooperate in disaster management matters, OCHA ensured that the countries were actionoriented,working with specific deliverables and timeframes.In 2010 OCHA facilitated the signing of an MoU among the three governments, who pledged toimplement activities required for the CACDRRR to be established. Another MoU was signed in 2010between the Kazakhstan Ministry of Emergency Situations and UNDP. The MoU outlined the mainobjectives of this partnership:1. Improved inter-agency cooperation and coordination between national disaster management foreffective joint utilization of resources and capacities.2. Strengthened capacities on disaster mitigation measures, contingency planning, monitoring and earlywarning information exchange, and capacity development.3. Harmonization of disaster management/civil defense between nations and civil society is enhanced inthe Central Asia region.By supporting the creation of the CACDRRR, OCHA advocated strengthened regional cooperation indisaster response and risk reduction, as well as broader cooperation and collaboration among CentralAsian countries. Once the center is officially established, OCHA will work closely with the centre onissues of mutual interest, including early warning, disaster preparedness and response, in particularproviding support in the area of information management.

Funding Flows to Central Asian Region in 2006-2011Top Donors to Central Asia (since 2006)As of 30 June 2011Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)As of 30 June 2011United StatesECHOUzbekistan13%KazakhstanRussian FederationCERFSaudi ArabiaGermanyJapanTajikistan37%Total of$24 millionsince 2007Kyrgyzstan50%SwedenSwitzerland- 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90$ MillionCERF is a humanitarian fund established by the United Nationsto enable timely and equitable humanitarian assistance tothose affected by natural disasters and armed conflicts.Overall Funding Received by Central Asian Countries in 2006-2011CountryFunding Received (by year in $)2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 TotalTajikistan 21,026,307 13,051,519 91,859,276 21,713,254 18,384,176 5,670,050 171,704,582Kyrgyzstan 8,533,499 764,234 13,140,899 7,086,600 133,743,958 - 163,269,190Uzbekistan 666,947 - 326,594 64,767 7,144,764 310,000 8,513,072Kazakhstan 140,000 - 416,423 279,529 1,678,877 1,060,000 3,574,829Turkmenistan 573,638 - - 64,767 - 400,000 1,038,405Grand Total 348,100,078»»Since 2006 11 major natural disasters occurred in Central Asia, mainly in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. Due tofrequent occurrence of floods, earthquakes, droughts and severe weather, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan haveso far received most of the funding flowing from outside into the region as well as funding provided fromwithin the region.»»Since 2006 CA governments have requested international assistance 11 times to respond to crises. Theappeal threshold in the region is rather wide, ranging from 500 to 30,000 people affected.»»In 2008, an abnormally cold winter accompanied by heavy snowfalls in Tajiksitan damaged water andelectrical supply systems, which led to severe electricity rationing. The international community launchedTajikistan Flash Appeal 2008 to support the Government of Tajikistan to cope with the crisis. Despite theseefforts, the situation further worsened with the coming of an unusually hot spring and summer season. Asa result, over 2 million people were found to be food insecure in the summer of 2008, and a second appeal— Tajikistan Humanitarian Food Security Appeal 2008-2009 — was issued to respond to the crisis.»»For Kyrgyzstan, the most distressing year was 2010, when the intercommunal violence in the South ofthe country took lives of at least 470 people and displaced hundreds of thousands more. In addition to theKERFA, which received $66 million in funding, the country also received other humanitarian assistancefrom over 20 countries.P.2

Overview of Natural Disasters and Complex Emergencies in Central AsiaCountry Emergency YearNo. of affectedpeopleKazakhstan Floods (Kyzyl Agash) 2008 13,000Earthquake (Naryn)12,0002006Heavy snowfalls (Osh, Jalalabad) 9,075KyrgyzstanEarthquake (Osh) 2007 3,000Earthquake, KyrgyzstanPhoto: Alexey Ossokin/AkiPressEarthquake (Nura) 2008 2,000Civil Unrest (South Kyrgyzstan) 2010 400,000TajikistanEarthquake (Khatlon) 2006 15,000Earthquake and floods(Rasht Valley)2007 12,000-17,000Extreme Temperatures, drought 2008 2, 800,000Flood and mudflows 2009 12,000Mudflows, TajikistanPhoto:Ali Buzurukov/OCHAFlood (South Tajikistan) 2010 1,200Uzbekistan Refugee Influx 2010 100,000Humanitarian Funding from Central Asian Countries in 2006-2011Kazakhstan$53,788,170Tajikistan$2,000Uzbekistan$751,000Kyrgyzstan$136,986 Turkmenistan$500,000Funding Flows from Central Asian countries in 2006-2011 by Recipient»»The largest volume of humanitarian aid providedby the CA region was in 2008, as earthquakesshook China and Kyrgyzstan; a conflict erupted inSouth Ossetia; floods invaded Central and EasternEurope; Tajikistan suffered from a compoundcrisis triggered by severe winter, and Afghanistancontinued to experience a protracted complexemergency.»»Kazakhstan is the largest donor in the region. 1Since 2006, Kazakhstan has provided $53.7 millionin overall humanitarian aid; in-kind contributionsmade up $46.5 million or 87 per cent of thetotal sum.Within Central AsiaTajikistan- $19 millionKyrgyzstan - $9 million»»In response to June 2010civil unrest in the south ofKyrgyzstan, Kazakhstanand Tajikistan sent food,diesel, coal and other nonfooditems. However, mostof the entries for this aidhas no monetary equivalentin the FTS.$Million US$ Million-18161412108642Outside of Central AsiaAfghanistan China Mongolia Moldova Pakistan Georgia Haiti Russia Ukraine1OCHA SROCA assisted the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Kazakhstan in updating related FTS data to accurately reflect allhumanitarian aid provided by Kazakhstan since 2006. OCHA expects that after similar work is done with other CA countries, FTS data might change.P.3

Kazakhstan – an emerging donor in Central AsiaOn 24 October 2011 – United Nations Day – Kazakhstan Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Kazykhanov,announced Kazakhstan’s intention to “transform from an aid recipient into a strong donorstate.” Kazakhstan has already made significant strides in this direction. According to FTS, Kazakhstanis one of the region’s top donors after the United States and the European CommissionHumanitarian Aid Department (ECHO).In June 2011 Kazakhstan assumed chairmanship of OIC – one of the world’s largest internationalorganizations, comprising 57 member states. At the 17 August 2011 emergency meeting in Istanbul,Turkey, Kazakhstan put forward an initiative to establish a pooled relief fund to aid the Horn of Africacountries ravaged by hunger and violence in Somalia, which has resulted in the massive populationdisplacements. OIC member states pledged to raise $350 mln. Kazakhstan made a $500,000cash contribution to this fund. This contribution marks a change in the region’s humanitarian fundingtrend, which for several years leaned towards in-kind contributions (see Table 2).In-kind vs. cash humanitarian aid flows out of Central Asia, 2006 - 2011Table 2.Millions $US2520151050200620072008200920102011cashin-kindKazakhstan to establish KazAIDThe Government of Kazakhstan plans to establish KazAID, a state agency for international development,as announced by Kazakh Ministry of Foreign Affairs on several occasions in 2011.Although this initiative is in its early stages of development, the agency will most likely include humanitarianaid in its portfolio, as has been the case with similar institutions in both DAC 1 and non-DAC donor states. Once launched, KazAID will put Kazakhstan on the humanitarian donor map,along with other non-Western emerging donors who are already playing an important role in theinternational humanitarian landscape.1 DAC stands for Development Assistance Committee and is the the committee of the Organisation of Economic Co-operationand Development (OECD) which deals with development co-operation matters. Currently there are 24 membersof the DAC: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Ireland, Japan,Korea, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom,the United States and the European Commission.P.2

Thousands $USPhoto credit: Togla Bozoglu/EPACentral Asian countries respond to earthquake in TurkeyUpdate on Kyrgyzstan’s humanitarian aid giving over 2006 - 2011At least 600 people died, over 4,000 were injuredand 4,574 buildings collapsed in a devastating7.2 - magnitude earthquake that hiteastern Turkey on 23 October 2011.In response, Central Asian governments immediatelyannounced that they stand readyto provide assistance in search and rescueoperations, and to send in-kind humanitarianaid. Initially Turkey declined internationalassistance, counting on its own resources tocope with the disaster aftermath. However, asthe needs of the affected population climbedup, the Government of Turkey appealed forhelp.By 31 October 2011, Kazakhstan had dispatched tents, blankets, beds and stoves, and Kyrgyzstanprovided food, water, warm suits, tents and blankets. This help went directly to the thousands ofpeople sleeping outside – those whose houses were ruined and others who were afraid to sleep inthe survived buildings shaken by thousands of aftershocks. In the coming months Turkey will needmore assistance to rebuild damaged areas and restore livelihoods.»»New information on Kyrgyzstan’s humanitarian aid giving was made available and uploaded toFTS thanks to the Ministry of Emergency Situations in the Kyrgyz Republic.»»As seen in Table 3, Kyrgyzstan, despite frequently experiencing natural disasters and occasionalcivil unrest often resulting in humanitarian need, regularly provides humanitarian aid to affectedcountries in the region and beyond.Humanitarian aid flows from Kyrgyzstan, 2006 - 2011Table 3300250200150100500Compound Crisis2008 / Floods 2009-2010Earthquake 2008 Earthquake 2011 Mudflows 2010 Earthquake /Tsunami 2011Protracted conflict2009Tajikistan China Turkey Kazakhstan Japan Afghanistan»»Tajikistan is the top recipient of Kyrgyzstan’s aid, having steadily received support from theirneighbor since 2006 (a monetary equivalent of the aid provided in 2006 by Kyrgyzstan to Tajikistanis not reflected in FTS). Kyrgyzstan has so far only provided in-kind contributions in the form offood, non-food items and shelter.P.3

Funding flows from Central AsiaJanuary- October 2011Toxic remains of the 1986Chernobyl disasterUkraineKazakhstanTurkeyUzbekistanKyrgyzstanEarthquake,Van ProvinceAfghanistanProtracted conflictJapanEarthquake andTsunami¯0SomaliaHorn of Africa food crisis500 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000KilometersDonor CountriesKazakhstanKyrgyzstanUzbekistanAid received (in US$)80,000 - 500,000500,001 - 3,000,0003,000,001 - 6,000,000Other Countries

Regional Humanitarian Funding Update|2CERF contributions by country since 2006 (in US$)Source: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)How the Central Emergency Response Fund worksCERF is a humanitarian pooled fund established by the General Assembly in 2006. Thepurpose of the CERF is to enable more timely and reliable assistance to those affected bynatural disasters and armed conflicts. The Fund is replenished annually through contributionsfrom governments and the private sector and constitutes a pool of reserve fundingto support humanitarian action.With donor contributions already in place, the CERF allows the United Nations to reactimmediately when disaster strikes. Funds of up to $500 million are available for life-savingactivities in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. This funding frequently bridges thecrucial gap between immediate needs and the time required to organize and fund disaster-specificappeals. In 2011, the CERF allocated $421 million to over 40 countries.24%of all aid provided by the regionin 2006-2010 was incash53 %of all aid provided by the regionin 2011-2012 was incashHumanitarian funding flows out of the regionKazakhstan gives over $1 million to UN agencies in voluntary contributionsDuring the reporting period, the region contributed $1.28 million in humanitarian funding –all in cash. Kazakhstan gave 95 per cent of total contributions, allocating unearmarkedvoluntary contributions to the UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, the UNEducational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the UN Population Fund and the UNRegister of Damage. Meanwhile, Georgia contributed $50,000 towards the UN Children’sFund (UNICEF) relief operations in famine-stricken Somalia.Over half of humanitarian funding from the region in cashThe region’s upward trend in cash versus in-kind donations continues to grow (for moreon in-kind vs. cash aid trends in the region see Regional Humanitarian Funding Update,July – October 2011). Since 2011, the majority of donations from the region have been incash, up sharply from the 2006-2010 average of 24 per cent.Humanitarian relief providers welcome all assistance, but donors are particularly encouragedto make cash contributions. A cash donation to an organization or project that ispart of a strategic framework ensures that real needs of affected people are met and duplicationsavoided. Cash donations also assure the greatest flexibility to adapt to conditionsthat may be rapidly changing on the ground. In-kind donations require effort, as donatedgoods must be necessary and appropriate for people in need. This requires planningwith national authorities and the humanitarian community to ensure that in-kind donationswill actually meet people’s needs without duplicating efforts on the ground.For more information on humanitarian giving, please contact OCHA regional office in Almaty.| www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

Regional Humanitarian Funding Update|3Donors sent over $8 millionin humanitarian aidto the region from November2011 to March2012, most of whichsupported disaster preparedness.Humanitarian funding flows into the regionStrong support for disaster preparedness initiatives in the regionBetween November 2011 and March 2012, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan receiveda total of $8 million in humanitarian aid. The bulk of this funding went towards building theresilience of vulnerable communities to withstand natural disasters. Switzerland providedsignificant support to disaster risk reduction and early recovery initiatives in Georgia, giving$3 million to implementing agencies working in the country. In Tajikistan, disaster riskreduction projects also received $2 million in humanitarian funding from Switzerland.Funding for better disaster preparedness and risk reduction is shown under the Coordinationsector in the table below.Humanitarian funding to the region Nov 2011 to Mar 2012 (in $ millions)CoordinationShelter and NFIsEarly recoveryMine actionNot yet specifiedHealthSwitzerlandGermanyJapanECHOLuxembourg$0 $2 $4$0 $4Source: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)Funding from the IFRCsupported the Kazakhand Tajik Red Crescentsocieties in respondingto humanitarian needs intheir countries.IFRC fund supports response in Central AsiaDREF supports Kazakh Red Crescent in responding to floodsSource: Otyrar-tv.kz, Temirlanovka,Kazakhstan (20 Feb 2012) – Pedestriansmake their way through a flooded streetThe Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) of theInternational Federation of Red Cross and Red CrescentSocieties (IFRC) allocated $192,000 (CHF175,704) to the Kazakhstan Red Crescent Society’srelief efforts in southern Kazakhstan. 1 These effortsaddressed the needs of 4,000 people who lost theirhouses, livestock and other property in devastatingfloods that raced through the area on 18-20 February.Air temperature rises up to 15°C quickly melted snow,which together with heavy rains caused intensivefloods in seven districts in southern Kazakhstan. Theflooding occurred in the country’s most densely populatedarea along the Uzbek border. Ministry of EmergencySituations, local authorities and the Kazakhstan Red Crescent Society (KRCS)conducted assessments revealing priority needs for clothes, footwear, bedding and hygieneitems. Rescue and evacuation activities by the Government are underway. KRCShas launched relief activities to meet the needs of the affected people. The operation willcontinue through the end of May 2012.DREF supports Tajik Red Crescent in responding to food insecurityThe Government of Tajikistan issued an appeal for assistance for food insecure populationsin February – particularly for over 2,300 families in Murgab who have been affectedby the global economic slump and the country’s recent fuel crisis. According to the Gov-1 Allocations from DREF are not reflected in the Financial Tracking Service| www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

Regional Humanitarian Funding Update|4ernment, poor weather conditions have exacerbated an already dire agrarian sector. TheIFRC DREF provided $207,000 (CHF 189,270) to support the Red Crescent Society ofTajikistan (RCST) in deliveringimmediate assistance to food insecurepopulations.The World Food Programme indicatedin January that the country’sworst affected area is Murgab district– a remote, hardly accessiblearea in the Gorno-Badakshan AutonomousOblast. Murgab is 350km from the oblast’s administrativecentre, Khorog, whereMurgab residents buy food, and843 km away from Tajikistan’scapital, Dushanbe. Because foodproducts come to Khorog fromDushanbe, food prices are high inKhorog. Bad weather conditionsover the past two years have alsoreduced employment and income.All these factors have broughtMurgab residents to the brink offood insecurity and malnutrition.Based on a needs assessment,RCST set out to reach 500 affectedhouseholds – 22 per cent of the district’s population. RCST will provide each householdwith four months’ reserves of wheat flour, vegetable oil, sugar and tea. The operationwill be completed by end June 2012. For more information, please visithttp://ifrc.org/en/publications-and-reports/appeals/Uzbekistan rebuilds after July 2011 earthquakeUNICEF helps rebuild schools and kindergartens in SokhEarly in the morning of 20 July 2011, apowerful earthquake shook the FerghanaValley, taking the lives of 14 people, destroyingdozens of buildings and damagingmany more. The Ferghana Valley is aplace where Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan andUzbekistan meet in a convoluted series ofenclaves and exclaves. One of them is theUzbek exclave of Sokh, with a populationof about 70,000.The earthquake damagedseveral schools and kindergartens in thismountainous town, putting at risk the safetyof over 4,500 children.Credit: UNICEF UzbekistanSokh, Uzbekistan (Nov 2011) –One of the secondary schoolsreconstructed after the July 2011 earthquake.Following a request by the Government, UNICEF in Uzbekistan mobilized resources tosupport local authorities in rebuilding damaged schools. UNICEF contributed $280,000for the reconstruction of eight kindergartens and eight schools, and the newer, saferbuildings opened their doors earlier this year.“UNICEF’s contribution allowed for keeping schools and kindergartens available for childrenand creating an environment conducive to learning,” said UNICEF RepresentativeMr. Jean-Michel Delmotte. “In cooperation with Ferghana province administration, wewere able to ensure that children stay in schools. We are also glad that the reconstructionworks were implemented by local contractors and workers who then contributed to maintainingcommunity and social services in this isolated area.” For more information, pleasevisit www.unicef.org/health/uzbekistan_60378.html| www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

Regional Humanitarian Funding UpdateCaucasus and Central AsiaIssue 04 | Second Quarter 2012 (April – June 2012)Overview of disasters P.1Humanitarian funding into the region P.2 In April – June 2012, theregion received $15 million inhumanitarian funding. Figures on Uzbekistan’s andTajikistan’s outgoing aid releasedby governments Unusually high number ofdisasters hit the regionThe Regional HumanitarianFunding Update is an overviewof funding levels andtrends in the countries of theCaucasus and Central Asia,mainly based on data reportedto the Financial TrackingService (FTS), collected andanalysed by the UN Officefor the Coordination of HumanitarianAffairs (OCHA) –Regional Office for Caucasusand Central Asia (ROCCA).FTS is a global, real-time databasethat records all reportedinternational humanitarianaid. All FTS data areprovided by donors or recipientorganizations. For moreinformation, please visithttp://fts.unocha.orgFigures in this report representbest available estimatesat the time of publication.$15 millionReceived in April-June(US$)Khujai Khuloz, Tavildara, Tajikistan/ M. KandikovAfter a long winter, a series of disastersKyrgyzstan and Tajikistan hit by above-average number of disastersThe long-awaited end to the region’s harshest winter in recent years did not bring muchrelief to affected communities. Before people could recover from abundant snow, avalanches,cold temperatures, and livestock deaths, flash floods, mudflows, landslides,rockfalls and earthquakes bombarded theregion. Particularly hit were Kyrgyzstanand Tajikistan. Although figures vary, it isestimated that at least 200 small- to medium-scaledisasters have struck Kyrgyzstansince April, often affecting the same families.On April 23 – 29, flash floods sweptthrough 43 villages in Osh, Batken andJalabad in southern Kyrgyzstan, disruptingthe lives of thousands of people. Humanitarianpartners supported the Governmentin providing immediate relief in food andagriculture, water, sanitation and hygiene,shelter, health and education. As of 30June, economic damage in 2012 stood at$14 million, which is 3.7 times higher thanthe same period in 2011.Humanitarian funding out of the region P.3New CERF website launched P.4Credit: North REACT, DRCUKyrgyzstan (6 April 2012) – Kids stand in front of a tentdistributed by the Ministry of Emergency Situations to familiesaffected by flash floodsIn Tajikistan, around 280 disasters have taken the lives of 25 people since beginning ofthe year. These disasters damaged or destroyed hundreds of houses and have cost thecountry a total of $9 million. As the hazardous flood season was coming to an end, apowerful 5.7-magnitude earthquake shook three districts in the Rasht Valley on 13 May.As of 30 June, the number of disasters in 2012 had increased 30 per cent over the sameperiod last year.Earthquakes, rains and mudflows affect Azerbaijan and GeorgiaThough Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan saw the worst effects, the rest of the region was notspared. On 7 May, a 5.6-magnitude earthquake left thousands of people homeless innorth-west Azerbaijan. Continuing tremors and a powerful aftershock on 18 May exacerbatedthe situation for many people, forcing even more to be evacuated from their shatteredhomes. In Georgia, heavy rains in May triggered flash floods and mudflowsthroughout the country, killing five people in Tbilisi and affecting over 3,000 more. In bothAzerbaijan and Georgia, the Governments, supported by the Red Cross/Red Crescentmovement, are coping well with the aftermath. For the disaster overview in the Caucasus,please see attached map.

Regional Humanitarian Funding Update|2Donors sent over $15million in humanitarianaid to the region fromApril to June 2012, mostof which supported disasterpreparedness andrisk reduction.Humanitarian funding flows into the regionRegional disaster preparedness gets a boost from donorsBetween April and June 2012, the region received $15 million in humanitarian assistancefrom Canada, the European Commission’s Department of Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection(ECHO), Germany and Sweden. Most of this funding aims to improve vulnerablecommunities’ ability to withstand and quickly recover from emergencies.Humanitarian funding to the Central Asia and Caucasus region, April – June 2012TajikistanGeorgiaKyrgyzstanArmeniaUzbekistanKazakhstanAzerbaijanTurkmenistanMillion $0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Canada ECHO Germany SwedenSource: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)The top three aid recipients – Tajikistan, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan – together received 70per cent of all incoming aid. Although not reflected in the Financial Tracking Service(FTS), all three countries also received funding from the Disaster Relief EmergencyFund (DREF) of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies(IFRC). During the reporting period, IFRC allocated over $758,000 to response operationsin the region, including $233,000 in Tajikistan, $124,000 in Georgia, $111,000 inKyrgyzstan, and $289,000 in Azerbaijan.IFRC emergency response allocations to the Central Asia and Caucasus region (2nd quarter 2012)Amount Country Disaster # of affected people$94,000 Tajikistan Feb – Apr floods and avalanches 5,556$140,000 Tajikistan 13 May earthquake in Rasht Valley 2,310$124,000 Georgia 12-13 May flash floods 14,400$111,000 Kyrgyzstan 23-29 April flash floods and mudflows 11,550$289,000 Azerbaijan 7 May earthquake in north-west Azerbaijan 45,545During the reporting period,every country in theregion received supportfrom ECHO. Tajikistan isthe largest recipient ofthe total incoming humanitarianaid.ECHO allocates over $10 million to the regionECHO >Central Asia$8 mSource: UN Financial Tracking Service(fts.unocha.org)Other$352,392Sweden >Caucasus$2 mSweden >Central Asia$2 mECHO >Caucasus$ 3 mIn this reporting period, ECHO tops the donorlist, having provided over $10 million to countriesin the Caucasus and Central Asia as part of theDisaster Preparedness ECHO programme(DIPECHO).ECHO has also announced its HumanitarianImplementation Plan for $2.5 million to fund theprovision of urgent assistance to people in Tajikistanwho suffered from this year’s harsh winter.After over 280 disasters took the lives of at least25 people in Tajikistan this year, it comes as nosurprise that Tajikistan is the region’s largestrecipient of humanitarian aid. During the reportingperiod, over $6 million was injected into humanitarianoperations and disaster risk reductioninitiatives in Tajikistan.www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

China earthquakeKyrgyzstanearthquake*Kyrgyzstan unrestCERFJapan earthquake& tsunamiCERFRegional Humanitarian Funding Update|3According to newly releaseddata on humanitarianaid giving in 2008 -2011, countries in CentralAsia overwhelminglyprefer to provide in-kindassistance directly to affectedgovernments.Humanitarian funding flows out of the regionRegion provides no assistance in second quarterBetween April and June, countries in the region provided no significant aid, perhaps dueto the exhausting winter-spring season. On various occasions this year, Tajikistan appealedto neighbouring countries for urgent assistance to help the most vulnerable survivethe May-June lean season when stocks are depleted and the harvest is still threefourmonths away. In the absence of a formal international appeal, the response hasbeen limited. In April, Russia sent in-kind humanitarian aid, and Kazakhstan pledgedmore assistance, which was approved and sent in July. These contributions will be reflectedin the third-quarter funding update.Update on aid from Uzbekistan in 2008 – 2011The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Uzbekistan has published data on the country’s humanitarianaid portfolio in 2008 – 2011. According to this information, Uzbekistan gave over $1million in humanitarian assistance during this period, mostly to countries coping with sudden-onsetnatural disasters. Uzbekistan also supported response to man-made crises inGeorgia in 2008 and Kyrgyzstan in 2010. In line with overall trends in the region, Uzbekistanprovides mostly bilateral in-kind aid, such as food, clothes and construction materials.Since 2008, Uzbekistanhas provided over $1 millionin humanitarian aidworldwide, almost half ofwhich went to supportKyrgyzstan and TajikistanHumanitarian assistance provided by Uzbekistan in 2008 – 2011$250,000$201,000$156,000$155,240$202,107$74,288Georgia crisisKyrgyzstanearthquakeTajikistan FloodsKyrgyzstanunrestPakistan floodsJapanearthquake &tsunami2008 2009 2010 2011Source: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)Despite frequent disasters, Tajikistan offers some assistance$141,113-$80,249$2,000$123,240$2,000The Tajikistan Committeeof Emergency Situationsand Civil Defence (CoES)has also released data onoutgoing humanitarian aidover the past five years.Despite the country’s exposureto hundreds of disastersevery year, Tajikistanalso provides assistanceto countries hit bysudden emergencies. AlthoughTajikistan gives2008 2010 2011 2012preference to bilateral inkindaid, the GovernmentSource: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)has also supported the UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF). As a recipient ofwww.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

Regional Humanitarian Funding Update|4CERF assistance in the past, Tajikistan knows well the importance of disbursing funds inthe first hours and days of a disaster for life-saving help. So far this year, CERF has alreadyhelped save lives in 31 countries affected by sudden-onset emergencies and in 13countries stuck in a protracted crisis.*CoES cannot give monetary value of the support provided to Kyrgyzstan in 2008.Central Emergency Response FundNew CERF website launchedThe Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)has launched a newly designed website –http://www.unocha.org/cerf/ – where users canfind updated information on the CERF, its 159donors (including private sector) and the supportCERF provides to dozens of countries everyyear. The website is updated regularly to reflectnew allocations, upcoming events, productlaunches, and the impact of CERF funding onthe people it assists (more on CERF see in RegionalHumanitarian Funding Update, Issue #3).For further information, please contact:Zarina Nurmukhambetova, Communications Associate, nurmukhambetova@un.org, Tel. (+727) 258 26 43If you would like to subscribe to this Funding Update, please go to http://eepurl.com/kdMwDwww.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

Disasters inAzerbaijan and Georgia, May 2012R u s s i a n F e d e r a t i o nBlack SeaG e o r g i aTbilisi5 dead3,200 familiesaffected!\TbilisiBalakend169 familiesaffectedZagatala6,949 families affectedK a z a k h s t a nA r m e n i aCaspian SeaT u r k e y!\YerevanGokh2,160 familiesaffectedA z e r b a i j a n!\BakuLegend!\ National capitalInternational borderAreas affected byFloodsHailstromEarthquake0 50 100 KilometresLake UrmiaI s l a m i cR e p u b l i co f I r a nMajor roadsMajor riversLakes

Regional Humanitarian Funding UpdateCaucasus and Central AsiaIssue 05 | Third Quarter 2012 (July – September 2012)In this issueHIGHLIGHTS In July – September 2012, theregion received $5.5 million inhumanitarian funding ECHO remains the region’slargest donor Food security programmes inTajikistan most fundedThe Regional HumanitarianFunding Update is an overviewof funding levels and trends inthe countries of the Caucasusand Central Asia, mainly basedon data reported to the FinancialTracking Service (FTS), collectedand analyzed by the UNOffice for the Coordination ofHumanitarian Affairs (OCHA) –Regional Office for Caucasusand Central Asia (ROCCA).FTS is a global, real-time databasethat records all reportedinternational humanitarian aid.All FTS data are provided bydonors or recipient organizations.For more information,please visithttp://fts.unocha.orgFigures in this report representbest available estimates at thetime of publication.FUNDING$5.5 millionReceived in July - September(US$)FIGURESAffected populationTajikistanGeorgia51,960 people20,000 familiesFarmers in storm-affected Kakheti receive aidCredit: CARE International, GeorgiaLimited humanitarian funding for the regionGeorgia, Tajikistan receive most of region’s $5.5 million in humanitarian aidDuring the third quarter of 2012, countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia enjoyed limiteddonor attention that amounted to US$5.5 million in humanitarian aid and support toreducing the risks of disasters. Ahead of the harvest season, Tajikistan continued receivingassistance to cope with the food insecurity that had plagued many rural householdssince last year. Humanitarian actors in Georgia received over half a million dollars to improveliving conditions of vulnerable people in Samegrelo and Abkhazia, as well as tofortify the resilience of these people to outside shocks and natural disasters. Georgia isstill home to some 274,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs). Humanitarian partners inArmenia are reviewing a school disaster preparedness plan that is expected to be pilotedin over 100 schools, pre-schools and special care institutions, ultimately reaching over15,000 people.Storms in Georgia: humanitarian agencies rush to assist 20,000 familiesOn 19 July, heavy rains, strong winds, hail and consequentflooding caused chaos in the streets and fields of three regionsin Georgia, damaging infrastructure, tearing off roofs,and blowing away harvests in the fertile lands of Kakheti. Asa result, at least 20,000 households suffered – mostly farmersand their families. The Government was quick to react by allocating$100 million towards immediate relief and early recoveryassistance.In the absence of proper resources to estimate the damageand ramifications of the disaster in detail, the Governmentrequested the United Nations Development Programme andthe World Bank to undertake a thorough needs assessment.This assessment will build on the findings of a rapid needsassessment conducted by CARE International, World Visionand the Georgian Red Cross immediately following the disaster.A few humanitarian organizations and donors mobilizedover $200,000 to ensure that the affected farmers not onlyHumanitarian funding into the region P.2Disaster risk reduction in the Caucasus P.2Humanitarian funding out of the region P.3Consolidated Appeal Process – Review P.3Credit: CARE InternationalGeorgia (July 2012) – Damagefrom the July storms incurred onorchards in Kakheti can affectmultiple years’ harvestsquickly recover from the disaster, but also learn from it and build their resilience to futurehazards.Military operation traps 30,000 civilians in TajikistanOn 24 July, residents of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAR) woke toexplosions and gun shots, as the Government of Tajikistan launched a special militaryoperation against an armed group suspected to have staged the assassination of a highrankingGBAR security official on 21 July 2012. The authorities cut off all communicationlines with GBAR and closed roads during the one-day operation. About 30,000 residentsof the Khorog area (capital of GBAR) were trapped in the conflict, which reportedly killedat least 30 civilians, 18 soldiers and 30 militants. Only a handful of humanitarian organizationswere granted access to the affected areas immediately after cessation of the operationto provide food, medical supplies, first aid kits, cooking sets and bed items.

Caucasus and Central Asia Humanitarian Funding Update | 2Tajikistan receives 70per cent of all aid cominginto the region, allof which goes to combattingfood insecurityHumanitarian funding flows into the regionECHO remains the region’s top donor for second quarter straightBetween July and September 2012, donors supported disaster response and risk reductioninitiatives in Armenia, Georgia and Tajikistan. Kazakhstan and the Kingdom of SaudiArabia sent food aid to Tajikistan to help the country in fighting food insecurity. ECHOgranted funds under its Humanitarian Implementation Plan to Mercy Corps, Save theChildren and the World Food Programme.Humanitarian funding to the Central Asia and Caucasus region, July – September 2012DenmarkGermanyKazakhstanSwitzerlandSaudi Arabia$32,969$241,099$270,000$414,078$1,189,279ArmeniaGeorgiaTajikistanECHO$2,450,981In the third quarter, donorsgave $1.5 million tomitigate disaster risks inthe CaucasusSource: UN Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org)IFRC fund supports emergency response in Georgia and TajikistanThe Georgia Red Cross Society (GRCS) received close to$190,000 from IFRC’s Disaster Relief Emergency Fund(DREF) and requested further support from partner nationalsocieties in assisting over 3,000 people affected by storms on19 July. In total, GRCS received about $240,000 to provideaffected families with blankets, mattresses, kitchen sets andhygiene parcels. The Danish Red Cross, with support fromthe Danish Government, provided $32,969.In Tajikistan, the International Federation of the Red Crossand Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) allocated about $200,000from DREF to enable delivery of immediate assistance andpsychosocial help to thousands of affected people in GBAR.Donors help build disaster resilient communities inthe CaucasusDuring the third quarter, ongoing and new initiatives aimed at equipping vulnerable peoplewith the knowledge and skills to withstand disasters continued to receive donor support.A joint disaster risk reduction programme in Armenia, ongoing projects with IDPs inGeorgia and new initiatives to help affected farmers in Kakheti received funding from agroup of traditional donors: ECHO, Germany and Switzerland.A contribution of $414,078 from the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation(SDC) enabled the Danish Refugee Council (DRC) to continue helping conflict-affectedpeople in west Georgia and Abkhazia. A veteran humanitarian organization, DRC hasworked in west Georgia since 1996, and Abkhazia since 2005. Working on both sides ofthe Administrative Boundary Line that separates the two territories, DRC has providedshelter assistance and income generation grants to thousands of IDP families and vulnerableresidents. DRC has implemented over 40 community infrastructure projects chosenby community members.With support from the Government of Germany, Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund Deutschlande.V (ASB) will train over 4,000 IDPs in Samegrelo, west Georgia, on how to prepare fordisasters, behave during and after a crisis, and deliver basic first aid. ASB will workthrough special initiative groups in 50 collective centres where IDPs have settled down.www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves LivesCredit: GRCSGeorgia (July 2012) – On 21September, local authorities withGRCS staff and volunteers distributedparcels to 641 families inVachnadziani, one of the mostaffected villages in Kakheti region

Caucasus and Central Asia Humanitarian Funding Update | 3As of 16 July 2012, 62million people in 20countries are in direneed of helpThe organization emphasizes improving relations between host and IDP communities byengaging the former in project activities.Germany also supported CARE International’s “Agricultural Rehabilitation Project for 4villages in Kakheti”, aimed at helping disaster-affected farmers recover from 19 Julystorms. CARE has helped in clearing up devastated land plots and continues consultingfarmers, providing seeds, pesticides and fertilizers. By compiling and spreading importantagricultural knowledge, CARE helps farmers adapt to a changing environment. Thisknowledge is expected to reach beyond the target four villages, empowering entire ruralcommunities in the face of changing climate and sudden-onset emergencies.Humanitarian funding flows out of the regionKazakhstan gives aid to Tajikistan, pledges more outgoing aidIn July, Kazakhstan followed up on its March promise to provide aid to Tajikistan. Since2006, Kazakhstan has provided $20 million in support to Tajikistan – mostly through foodaid. Speaking at the World Humanitarian Day press conference on 22 August in Almaty,the Head of the Representative Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Almaty expressedhope that Kazakhstan will increase the proportion of humanitarian aid provided incash and engage more in international humanitarian aid mechanisms.Consolidated Appeal Process at mid-year$4 billion dollars still required to help millions of people in needIn July, Emergency Relief Coordinator Valerie Amos revealed the mid-year review of consolidatedappeals. The mid-year review painted a mixed picture of the world’s humanitariansituation, where 62 million people in 20 countries are in dire need of help. In 2012,consolidated appeals required $8.8 billion, 54 per cent of which was received by earlyOctober 2012.None of the countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia has contributed to consolidatedappeals this year. The lack of support likely stems from low awareness of the strategicprocess among countries beyond traditional donor states. This is likely to change, withAzerbaijan and Kazakhstan clearly showing signs of more active participation in internationalhumanitarian affairs through their respective aid agencies – AIDA (established in2011) and KazAID (in the process of being established).The Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) brings aid organizations together to jointlyplan, coordinate, implement and monitor their response to natural disasters and complexemergencies. It also allows them to appeal for funds cohesively, not competitively. Thismeans people in need can be supported in a timely, predictable and accountable way.For more information,please contact:ZarinaNurmukhambetovaCommunications Associatenurmukhambetova@un.orgTel. (+727) 258 26 43Subscribe to us athttp://eepurl.com/kdMwDA consolidated appeal comprisesa common humanitarianaction plan and concrete projectsnecessary to implementthat plan. An appeal helps bringrelief to as many people aspossible, as fast as possible.The CAP ensures close cooperationamong donors, NGOs,the International Red Cross andRed Crescent Movement, theInternational Organization forMigration (IOM), United Nationsagencies and host governments.A consolidated appeal document presents a snapshot of the situation and responseplans. If the situation or people’s needs change, any part of an appeal can berevised at any time. For more information on the CAP go to http://www.unocha.org/cap/www.unocha.orgUnited Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) • Coordination Saves Lives

ROCCA !\ Coverage Map(January 2012)R u s s i a n F e d e r a t i o nTobolAstana!\ObK a z a k h s t a nUralLake BalkhashG e o r g i aSmall Aral SeaI r a qTbilisi!\YerevanA r m e n i aA z e r b a i j a n!\ !\Lake Urmia0 200 400 KilometresBakuAral SeaT u r k m e n i s t a n!\I s l a m i c R e p u b l i co f I r a n!\TehranU z b e k i s t a nAshgabatSyr DaryaDushanbeTashkent!\!\!\T a j i k i s t a n!\A f g h a n i s t a nROCCABishkek!AlmatyIssyk KulK y r g y z s t a nP a k i s t a nC h i n aLegendInternational border!\ National capitalLakesMajor riversOCHA Presence! ROCCAHumanitarian Advisor

!\!PCentral Asia and South Caucasus regions!PElevation Map (March 2012)!P!PKALUZHSKAYA!P OBLASTNIZHEGORODSKAYA OBLASTTula MOSKOVSKAYA Balakan OBLAST!PCHUVASHIYA REP.!\ !PRyazan A Z E R B A I J A NTULSKAYA OBLAST RYAZANSKAYA Qakh OBLAST Qusar KhachmazZaqatalaShakiOguz Quba SiazanTovuzMORDOVIYA REP.Qabala Khizi !P!P!PMingacevir ReservoirSaranskORLOVSKAYA Ijevan OBLAST GoygolGanjaYevlakhAgdashAgsu Maraza SumqayitGoychayGavarUcarLIPETSKAYA OBLAST Tambov PENZENSKAYA!P Barda!P OBLASTLake SevanAgdaraKurdamirLipetsk TAMBOVSKAYA !PXirdalan!\KalbajarOBLAST PenzaAgdamZardab!PShirvanBakuKURSKAYA OBLASTVoronezhShusha Beylagan Saatli!PImishli SalyanLachin FuzuliBiləsuvarSharurQubadlyNeftchalaJalilabadVORONEZHSKAYA Zangilan OBLAST!PMasallyBELGORODSKAYA OBLASTSARATOVSKAYA OBLASTBabekYardymli !PJulfaSaratov LankaranLerik Astara!PA R M E N I ALUHANS'KADONETS'KA!PDonVOLGOGRADSKAYA OBLASTVolgograd!PKazanUlyanovsk!PULYANOVSKAYA OBLASTTATARSTAN REP.!PSAMARSKAYA OBLASTSamaraKama!PWEST KAZAKHSTANUDMURTIYA REP.R U S S I A NOralORENBURGSKAYA OBLASTOremburg!P!PUfaF !P E D E R A T I O NBASHKORTOSTAN REP.Aktobe!PUralChelyabinskCHELYABINSKAYA OBLAST!PKOSTANAY!PKURGANSKAYA OBLASTKostanayTobolKurganPetropavl!PNORTH KAZAKHSTANKokshetau!PAKMOLAK A Z A K H S T A NAstanaOmsk!\!POMSKAYA OBLASTKARAGANDYKaragandy!PNOVOSIBIRSKAYA OBLASTPavlodar!PPAVLODARIrtyshALTAYSKIY KRAYBarnaul!POskemen!PEAST KAZAKHSTANKEMEROVSKAYA OBLASTKHAKASIYA REP.Gorno-Altaysk!PObALTAY REP.TYVA REP.ROSTOVSKAYA OBLASTRostov-on-Don!PATYRAUAKTOBE!P!P!PKRASNODARSKIY KRAYNAME UNKNOWN!PKrasnodar!PMaykopADYGEYA REP.FiratTUNCELIBINGOL!P BingolMARDINANBAR!P!P!P!P!P!P!P!P!P!P!P!PSTAVROPOLSKIY KRAY!P!P!P!P Tbilisi Gori !P !P!\!PElistaKALMYKIYA REP.!PMakhachkalaDAGESTAN REP.!P!PA R M E !P !P !PKARS!P N I AIjevanMingacevir ReservoirHrazdan Yerevan !P GavarTASHAUZ!P!P!P !P A Z E R B A I J A NErzurumAgriLake Sevan!\IGDIR!P !PBaku!\AGRI !PMUS!PBALKAN!PBalkanabat (Nebit Dag)BITLISLake Van Van!P!P !P VANSiirtBitlis!P SIIRTTabriz ARDEBILHakkari!P!PAKHALEAST AZARBAYEJAN ArdabilSIRNAK!PHAKKARI Lake Urmia!PAshgabatAnauOrumiyehDAHUK!\ !P!PRashtBojnordDihokWEST AZARBAYEJANGILANMosul!P!PGOLESTAN!PNINEVAH ARBIL !P I S L A !P M I C R E P U B L I CZANJAN!P O F I R A NIrbilQazvin!P Gorgan!PMAZANDARANAS SULAYMANIYAHGHAZVINTA'MEEM !PKirkuk !PTehranKORDESTANTEHRANSEMNAN!P Sanandaj!\SemnanHAMEDAN!PERZURUMMusDIYARBAKIRBATMANHASSAKEHDAYR_AZ_ZORKARATCHAYEVO-CHERKESIYA REP.SukhumiT U R K E YI R A QZugdidiSALAHELDINKABARDINO-BALKARIYA REP.G E O R G I ARize Coruh!PRIZE ARTVIN !PRustaviGUMUSHANEARDAHANKarsGyumriBAYBURTTigrisStavropolCherkesskKutaisiASTRAKHANSKAYA OBLASTINGUSHETIYA REP.CHECHNYA !P REP.SEVERNAYA OSETIYA-ALANIYA REP.TelaviDIALAKERMANSHAHVolgaAstrakhanMARKAZIGHOMAktau!PAtyrau!PMANGYSTAUAral SeaSarygamysh LakeKARAKALPAKSTAN!P NukusSmall Aral SeaAmu DaryaTashauz (Dasoguz)T U R K M E N I S T A N!P!P!PKHOREZMKHORASANMashhadUrganch!P!PKYZYLORDAMARYNavoiyNAVOIY!P!P!P!PTürkmenabat (Chardzhou)CHARDZHOUMaryHIRATBaikonur!PU Z B E K I S T A NBUKHARABukharaBADGHISKyzylorda!P!P!PKASHKADARYAQarshiSOUTH KAZAKHSTAN!PKUNDUZ!PTAKHAR !PJAWZJANBALKH !P Kunduz!PBaghlanSamangan!P!P!PSAMANGANASARI F PUL G H A N I S T A NFARYABMeymaneh!P!P!\SUGD!\!P!PJAMBYLNAMANGAN AndijonTASHKENT !PANDIJANFerganaFERGANA !PKhujandAydar Lake SIRDARYA !PJIZZAKH !P!PGuliston!PJizzakhBATKENSAMARKANDAmu DaryaGHORSamarkandSyr DaryaTashkentSURKHANDARYAQurghonteppaBAMYAN!P!P!P!P KHATLON !PBAGHLANBazarakPARWANCharikarWARDAK!P!PDISTRICTS OF REPUBLICAN SUBORDINATIONTermizShymkentTarazCHUYOSH!\ALMATY PROVINCETALASNarynNARYN !PK Y R G Y Z S T A NJALAL-ABADSyr DaryaT A J I K I S T A NDushanbeGORNO-BADAKHSHAN AUTONOMOUS PROVINCEKhorughFayzabadTaluqanBADAKHSHANNURISTANLake BalkhashJalal-AbadOshKarakul LakeAmu DaryaBishkekTaldykorgan0!P300 600 KilometresKUNARKAPISA!P !P !P !PSrinagarLAGHMANFATAKABUL !P!P!P!P!\!P!PKapchagay ReservoirAlmatyALMATY CITY!PIssyk KulISSYK-KULSyr DaryaIndusKHYBER PAKHTUNKHWAKarakol!\LegendMajor riversXINJIANG UYGUR ZIZHIQUProvince boundaryElevation (metres)C H I N ANational capital!P Provincial capitalLakesMajor roadsFeatureCod!P ADM1Below sea level0 - 200201 - 400401 - 600601 - 800801 - 1,0001,001 - 1,5001,501 - 2,0002,001 - 2,5002,501 - 3,0003,001 - 4,0004,001 - 5,0005,001 - 6,000XIZANG ZIZHIQU6,001 - 7,0007,001 and above