George W Bush and the Evangelicals

Table 2: The Direct, Indirect, and Total Effects of Belief Orthodoxy and Policy Attitudes on Party
Identification and Electoral Choice among Evangelical Protestants, 2000-2004 a
Dependent Variable and Frequency of Church Attendance
Party Identification
Electoral Choice
Variable Infrequent Frequent Infrequent Frequent
Belief Orthodoxy
Direct effect
Indirect effect
Total effect
0
0
0
0
.15
.15
0
0
0
0
.33
.33
Moral Attitudes
Direct effect
Indirect effect
Total effect
0
0
0
0
.16
.16
0
0
0
.15
.28
.43
Social Welfare Attitudes
Direct effect
Indirect effect
Total effect
.29
.19
.48
.28
.07
.35
.38
.27
.65
.19
.12
.31
Defense Spending Attitudes
Direct effect
Indirect effect
Total effect
.13
.15
.28
0
.12
.12
0
.21
.21
0
.22
.22
(N)
(202)
2
775.51
2 b
/df
1.80
1/ c
2
.85/.93
/ d .82/.93
1 2
(194)
1020.89
2.34
.84/.90
.81/.88
(202)
818.23
1.78
.86/.93
.82/.92
(194)
1079.03
2.34
.85/.91
.82/.89
Source: 2000-2004 National Election Studies (pooled)
Note: Entries are standardized regression coefficients for direct effects. Indirect and total effects are
based on standardized coefficients. Estimates are computed by full-information maximum likelihood,
correcting for measurement error in the observed indicators of moral attitudes, social welfare attitudes,
Bush traits, and electoral choice, with Amos 4.0. Controls for demographic characteristics and year of
study affect all endogenous variables.
a
Direct effects of zero indicate that the effect is not statistically significant. All non-zero direct effects
are statistically significant (p