Aquatic Habitats In Sustainable Urban Water Management

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Contents
3.1.3.1 UN Division for Sustainable Development
indicators (2006) 28
3.1.3.2 Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI): Yale
University and Columbia University, 2005 28
3.1.3.3 Pillar-based sustainability criteria 30
3.1.4 Urban environmental management approaches 30
3.1.4.1 Low impact development (LID) 31
3.1.4.2 Total management of the urban water
cycle (TMUWC) 32
3.1.4.3 Soft path for water 33
3.2 Regulations and policies driving the implementation of strategies
for urban aquatic habitat’s protection and rehabilitation 34
3.2.1 Approaches focusing on aquatic habitat protection 34
3.2.2 Approaches focusing on water quality protection 35
3.2.3 Integrated regulations and policies addressing aquatic
habitats 37
3.2.4 Additional observations concerning developing countries 38
3.2.5 Emerging challenges 39
4 Ecosensitive approaches to managing urban aquatic habitats and
their integration with urban infrastructure 43
4.1 Urban water cycle and aquatic habitats 43
4.2 Habitat interactions with water supply 45
4.2.1 Managing water import into urban areas 45
4.2.2 Impacts on aquatic habitats imposed by water
reservoirs 47
4.3 Habitat interactions with urban drainage and flood protection 49
4.3.1 Urban drainage: Problem definition and needs for
management 49
4.3.1.1 Urban drainage impacts on aquatic habitats 49
4.3.1.2 Overview of aquatic life support conditions in
urban waters impacted by stormwater discharges 51
4.3.1.3 Need for stormwater management 51
4.3.2 Urban drainage: Stormwater management goals 52
4.3.3 Tools for effective stormwater management 53
4.3.3.1 Guidelines and targets 55
4.3.3.2 Technological measures (BMPs) 55
4.3.4 Promotion of modern stormwater management 56
4.3.5 Flood protection 58
4.4 Habitat interactions with wastewater management and sanitation
systems 59
4.4.1 Basic demands on wastewater management systems 60
4.4.2 Wastewater systems without separation of waste streams
at the source 61
4.4.3 Water and wastewater reuse for environmental benefits 63
4.4.4 Technology and site selection 63
4.5 Concluding observations 64