C O N T E N T S

BULETINUL INSTITUTULUI POLITEHNIC DIN IAŞI
BULLETIN OF THE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OF IAŞI
Published by the
„GHEORGHE ASACHI” TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF IAŞI
Tome LVI(LX), Fasc. 3 2010
C O N T E N T S
Pag.
NANA YAW AMPONSAH (France), OLIVIER LE CORRE (France) and
IBRAHIM DINCER (Canada), eMergy: Back to Fundamentals
(English, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
CLAUDIA IONIŢĂ, MIRCEA MARINESCU, ALEXANDRU DOBROVI-
CESCU and EUGENIA-ELENA VASILESCU, Thermoeconomic
Analysis of a Combined Heat and Power System (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
FEDOR GROSU (Moldova), MIRCEA BOLOGA (Moldova) and OLEG
MOTORIN (Molova), On Simulation of Wet Air Convection in the
Inclined Capacitor (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
DAN CONSTANTIN OSPIR (France), STEPHANE FOHANNO (France),
CĂTĂLIN POPA (France), NELU-CRISTIAN CHERECHEŞ et
CĂTĂLIN POPOVICI, Étude d’un écoulement de convection naturelle
dans un canal vertical chauffé asymétriquement (French, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
CORNELIU MOROIANU, Mathematical Model for Burning the Liquid Fuel
Droplet in a Hot Oxidizing Environment (English, Romanian summary) . 39
DANIELA POPESCU, SVEN BIENERT (Austria) and CHRISTIAN
SCHÜTZENHOFER (Austria), Methodology for Calculation of Added
Value Generated by Energy Efficiency (English, Romanian summary). . .
ALEXANDRU CHISACOF, DRAGOŞ PAVEL and VALERIU PANAI-
TESCU, Jet of Mist Warm Water Behavior in Interaction with
Hydrocarbon Flame (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NICOLAE BĂRAN, GHEORGHE BĂRAN, GABRIELA MATEESCU
and ALEXANDRU SORIN PĂTULEA, Water Oxygenation (English,
Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ELENA EUGENIA VASILESCU, GHEORGHE POPESCU, CLAUDIA IO-
NIŢĂ, VALENTIN APOSTOL and HORAŢIU POP, Comparative
Energy and Exergy Analysis of the Absorption, Resorption and Complex
49
57
69

Absorption-Resorption Systems (English, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . 77
BOGDAN HORBANIUC et GHEORGHE DUMITRAŞCU, Allocation optimale
des échangeurs de chaleur dans les systèmes bootstrap en boucle
ouverte des aeronefs (French, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DRAGOŞ HERA et CĂTĂLINA VASILESCU, Analyse des performances
d’une pompe à chaleur à absorption (French, Romanian summary) . . . . .
MIHAI NAGI, IOAN-DANIEL CĂRĂBAŞ and PAUL ILIEŞ, Wavy Fins
Pitch Influence on Water-Air Heat Exchanger Performance (English,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RAHAL BOUSSEHAIN (France), ELENA EUGENIA VASILESCU,
YOUCEF ABDELLOUCHE (France), MICHEL FEIDT (France) et
ALEXANDRU DOBROVICESCU, Exergy Analysis of the Transient
Regimes of Vapor Compression Refrigeration Systems (English,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NADÈGE CHATAGNON (France), MARC BACHMANN (France), GUIL-
LAUME ANIES (France) and JEAN CASTAING-LASVIGNOTTES
(France), Simulation of a Domestic Absorption Chiller (English,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R. TOUAIBI (Algeria), M. TAHAR ABBES (Algeria), R. BOUSSEHAIN
(Algeria), M . FEIDT (Algeria), E. VASILESCU, M. COSTEA et B.
KHELIDJ (Algeria), Modélisation d’un système de rafraichissement
solaire par absorption utilisant (H 2 O−libr) (French, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TEONA LOZONSCHI, On Pressurization of a Compartment Due to Rupture
of Coolant Piping in a Nuclear Power Plant (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
STOIAN PETRESCU, LAVINIA GROSU (France), MONICA COSTEA,
PIERRE ROCHELLE (France), CĂTĂLINA DOBRE et CAMELIA PE-
TRE, Analyse théorique et expérimentale d’une machine à froid de
Stirling (French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LATRA BOUMARAF (Algeria), PHILIPPE HABERSCHILL (France) et
AHMED BENSAFI (France), Performances d’une machine frigorifique
munie d’un détendeur à E\ejecteur utilisant les fluides R134a et
HFO1234yf (French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AHLEM ARFAOUI OMRANI (France), REJEB BEN MAAD (Tunis),
MOURAD REBAY (France), COLETTE PADET (France) et JACQUES
PADET (France), Refroidissement d’un composant électronique par
convection forcée à l’aide de déflecteurs longitudinaux (French,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VIORICA CEBRUCEAN, IOANA IONEL and DUMITRU CEBRUCEAN,
Post-Combustion CO 2 Capture from Coal-Fired Power Plants (English,
Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87
97
107
113
123
135
145
155
167
179
191

MIRCEA BOLOGA (Moldova), FEDOR GROSU (Moldova), ALBERT
POLICARPOV (Moldova) and OLEG MOTORIN (Moldova), Heat
Transfer at Condensation of a Gas-Vapor Mixture in an Electric Field
(English, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A. VAUDREY (France), P. BAUCOUR (France), F. LANZETTA (France) et
R. GLISES (France), Éfficacités et rendements des systèmes piles à
combustible (French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PASCAL STOUFFS (France), Microgénération: Choix du moteur thermique
(French, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DANIEL DINESCU (France) and MOHAND TAZEROUT (France), Engine
Air-Charge Regression Model (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . .
DAN PAUL STĂNESCU, NICOLAE N. ANTONESCU et NICULAE AN-
TONESCU, Une modélisation du transfert de chaleur et de masse au
serpentines de tuyaux gaufrés des chaudières à condensation (French,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DAN ANDREI, Mesures de la pression instantanée dans un compresseur à
piston et comparaison avec des résultats théorique (French, Romanian
summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANA-MARIA BIANCHI, SORIN DIMITRIU and FLORIN BĂLTĂREŢU,
Energy Recovery of Combustible Gases from Geothermal Waters by
Cogeneration Units with Internal Combustion Engines (English,
Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KRISZTINA UZUNEANU and EUGEN GOLGOŢIU, Computational
Modelling of Thermal Stresses in the Combustion Chamber of a Spark
Ignition Engine Fueled with Ethanol-Gasoline Blends (English,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SALVADORE MUGUREL BURCIU, Computer Simulation of Nonstationary
Flow through the Turbocharger Unit Charge of Supercharged
Diesel Engines (English, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GHEORGHE MANOLACHE, EDWARD RACOŞI, RADU ROŞCA and
SORINEL TALIF, A New Solution to Improve the Contact Conditions
in the Distribution Systems of the Internal Combustion Engines (English,
Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ADRIAN IRIMESCU, DĂNILĂ IORGA, LIVIU MIHON and IOAN HITI-
CAŞ, Experimental Validation of a Numerical Method for Calculating
Port Injection Air-Fuel Mixture State Parameters (English, Romanian
summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
STOIAN PETRESCU, NICOLAE BORIARU, CRISTIAN LEONTIEV,
MONICA COSTEA and CAMELIA PETRE, Irreversible Semi-Diesel
Cycle Approach Based on the Direct Method from Finite Speed
201
207
217
229
237
249
257
267
275
285

Thermodynamics (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
301
RAMILA GHEITH (France), FETHI ALOUI (France), MOHAND TAZE-
ROUT (France) et SASSI BEN NASRALLAH (Tunis), Étude thermodynamique
de l’influence de la pression de charge initiale sur
l’amélioration des performances d’un moteur Stirling de type Gamma
(French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ILINCA DINU et OANA GHEORGHIŢĂ, Recovery of Organic Waste in
Their Recycling in Agriculture (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . .
MANUELA ELENA GEORGESCU, LUCIAN MIHĂESCU, IONEL PÎŞĂ,
TUDOR PRISECARU, ION OPREA and GABRIEL NEGREANU,
Some Experimental Aspects of Biomass Burning (English, Romanian
summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RAHAL BOUSSEHAIN (France), DIMITER DIMITROV (Bulgaria) et
MICHEL FEIDT (France), Utilisation simultanée de chaleur et de froid
en industrie agro-alimentaire, à l’aide de machines à compression mécanique
de vapeur: quell critère d’efficacité? (French, Romanian summary)
NADIA MRAD (France), FETHI ALOUI (France), MOHAND TAZE-
ROUT (France), SASSI BEN NASRALLAH (Tunis) et HASSEN
ABDALLAH (Tunis), Valorisation des graisses animales comme
biocombustible pour moteurs Diesel (French, Romanian summary) . . . .
CAMELIA CIUBOTĂ-ROŞIE, LAURA BULGARIU, CEZAR CATRI-
NESCU, IRINA VOLF and MATEI MACOVEANU, Study of Biodiesel
Obtained through Valorification of Biomass (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NATALIA POPOVA (Moldova), ANDREI PAPCHENKO (Moldova) and
MIRCEA BOLOGA (Moldova), Influence of Electroplasmolysis and
Thermal Treatment on Qualitative Properties of Vegetable Raw
Materials (English, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CORINA DANA CERNĂIANU et MARIN BICĂ, Recherches expérimentales
concernant le processus de séchage des céréales à double
sources d’énergie (French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MIRCEA BOLOGA (Moldova), ELVIRA SPRINCEAN (Moldova), ALE-
XANDRU BOLOGA (Moldova), ALBERT POLICARPOV (Moldova)
and TATIANA STEPURINA (Moldova), Electrophysical Methods for
Recycling of the Secondary Milk Products (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PETRE RĂDUCANU, Aspects Regarding the Design of a Rotary Dryer for
an Equipment which Compresses Sawdust (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SEVERIN CĂZĂNESCU and RALUCA ALEXANDRA CĂZĂNESCU,
Heating and Cooling Solutions of New Residential and Office Building
Districts in Sustainable Development Context (English, Romanian
313
323
333
339
349
357
365
369
381
391

summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
401
DAN-TEODOR BĂLĂNESCU and MARIO-VLAD HOMUTESCU, An
Innovative Solution for Clean Terrestrial Propulsion: Small Scale
Combine Cycle Unit. Performance Evaluation (English, Romanian
summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KRISZTINA UZUNEANU, DAN DRĂGHIA et EUGEN GOLGOŢIU, Estimation
du facteur de détérioration des émissions polluantes pour le parc
d’automobiles, en fonction de l’age et du nombre de kilomètres parcouurs
(kilométrage) (French, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MONICA CHERECHEŞ, CĂTĂLIN POPOVICI et NELU-CRISTIAN
CHE-RECHEŞ, Determination de la conductivite thermique dans les
materiaux de construction (French, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IOAN CALDARE, Research and Studies on Energy Efficient Solutions for
Environmental Protection in the Heating and Cooling Systems for
Scientific Research Laboratories of the University Campus Braşov
(English, Romanian summary). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MIRCEA IVĂNOIU, Structures et adaptation pédagogiques dans la
constitution d’une specialisation de génie mécanique: systèmes et
équipements thermiques (SET) (French, Romanian summary) . . . . . . . .
411
421
429
439
451
eMergy: BACK TO FUNDAMENTALS
by
NANA YAW AMPONSAH, OLIVIER LE CORRE
and IBRAHIM DINCER
Abstract. In this paper, it is aimed to study how to compare
renewable energies (wind, solar, etc.) and fossil fuel-based energies
qualitatively by going beyond both the first-and the second-law of
thermodynamics. In this regard, Prof H.T. O d u m, from the University
of Florida, has introduced eMergy, meaning "Embodied Energy" to
include the pathway of a present form of energy. D. S c i e n c e m a n
also used eMergy to refer to the concept of energy memory. Nonrenewable
fossil fuels (such as gasoline, natural gas, etc.) are mainly the
result of thousand-year-old biomass decomposition. Then, in order to
compare renewable and non-renewable energies, one needs utilize the
same scale. Hence, eMergy takes its source. In this paper, the eMergy

concept is first explained through a simple thermodynamic example: a
hot water storage tank. This system is then used to explain the relation
between energy and time. Thus, a contribution is made to dynamic
eMergy calculations through the evaluation of this system, as it differs
from several published static emergy calculations.
Key words: energy, dynamic system.
THERMOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF A COMBINED HEAT
AND POWER SYSTEM
by
CLAUDIA IONIŢĂ, MIRCEA MARINESCU, ALEXANDRU
DOBROVICESCU and EUGENIA-ELENA VASILESCU
Abstract. This paper presents exergetic and economic analyses as
well as a simulation of a cogeneration system based on gas turbine.
The exergy analysis is based on the first and second laws of
thermodynamics. In these analyses, mass and energy conservation
laws were applied to each component of the system. Quantitative
balances of the exergy and exergetic cost for each component, and for
the whole system was carefully considered. The exergoeconomic
model, which represented the productive structure of the system
considered, was used to visualize the cost formation process and the
productive interaction between components. The results showed good
agreement with the reported data.
Key words: cogeneration, exergetic product, exergetic fuel,
exergetic efficiency, optimization.
ON SIMULATION OF WET AIR CONVECTION IN THE
INCLINED CAPACITOR
by
FEDOR GROSU, MIRCEA BOLOGA and OLEG MOTORIN
Abstract. Possibility of obtaining water and electric power from
atmosphere is shown. Simulation of moisture circle and electric charge
separation in near Earth space is carried out and the density of the
convection electric current produced by the electrohydrodynamic channel

is determined. The obtained results are interested from the point of view
of modelling of processes in the stormy clouds.
Key words: renewable energy, natural convection, charge
separation, electro-hydrodynamics.
ÉTUDE D’UN ÉCOULEMENT DE CONVECTION NATURELLE
DANS UN CANAL VERTICAL CHAUFEÉASYMETRIQUEMENT
par
DAN CONSTANTIN OSPIR, STEPHANE FOHANNO, CĂTĂLIN
POPA, NELU-CRISTIAN CHERECHEŞ and CĂTĂLIN POPOVICI
Abstract. This paper deals with the experimental and numerical
study of flow in a vertical channel heated asymmetrically. The
experiments are performed for a modified Rayleigh number (Ra *)
corresponding to the boundary layer regime. The dynamic structure of
the flow is characterized via visualization techniques by using laser
tomography discrete and continuous tracers across the midline of the
channel. These results are compared with computer simulations using the
laminar model. Experimentally and numerically, an ascending boundary
layer is formed near the heated wall. This upward flow is accompanied in
both cases, by a return flow of variable length, powered by the fluid
entering through the upper channel near the unheated wall.
Key words: vertical channel, natural convection, experimental
study, numerical simulation.
MATHEMATICA MODEL FOR BURNING THE LIQUID FUEL
DROPLET IN A HOT OXIDIZING ENVIRONMENT
by
CORNELIU MOROIANU
Abstract. It was proposed a mathematical model for burning the
liquid fuel drop in a hot oxidizing environment. The model was
numerically solved by the finite element method. The droplet ignition
periods were calculated as a function of ambient temperature, oxygen
concentration, initial droplet diameter and activation energy.
Key words: droplet, burning, mathematical model

METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATION OF ADDED VALUE
GENERATED BY ENERGY EFFICIENCY
by
DANIELA POPESCU, SVEN BIENERT and CHRISTIAN
SCHÜTZENHOFER
Abstract. The paper presents a method to be used for estimation of
value of buildings, by including energy efficiency aspects. The method is
based on calculation of the added value generated by costs of potential
energy savings. A case study, based on real-estate market data from the
city of Iasi is presented. The results confirm that by taking into
consideration costs of potential energy savings in valuation procedure,
the estimated value of properties is calculated more correctly.
Key words: Energy Performance Certificate, valuation, sales
comparison approach, energy savings.
JET OF MIST WARM WATER BEHAVIOUR IN INTERACTION
WITH HYDROCARBON FLAME
by
ALEXANDRU CHISACOF, DRAGOS PAVEL and VALERIU
PANAITESCU
Abstract. The paper presents the theoretical and experimental
aspects concerning the jet using the mist of warm water for the
hydrocarbon flame extinguish. In the first part of the work are shown the
specific theoretical aspects concerning the liquid phase evaporation in a
surrounding as a function of the humidity and temperature. This fact
generates a change of the atmosphere temperature and composition.
Based on these particularities of the droplet evaporation processes, an
experimental bench was developed. The influence of the liquid
temperature on the fineness spray atomisation in the surrounding was
exposed. The elements resulting from the experimental tests as the jet
development and evaporation were exposed. The experiment suggests
that the liquid phase in contact with the flame evaporates
instantaneously. Consequently, due to the huge volume of vapor, the
oxygen concentration in the mixture might falls under the ignition limit.

Also, the surrounding temperature decreases due to the heat absorption.
The experimental tests show that by the liquid preheating, the
enhancement of the evaporation process occurs. The proposed system is
a clean one, and may be use in the fire extinguish equipment.
Key words: droplet evaporation, mist jet dispersion, fire
extinguish, jet thermal cone.
WATER OXYGENATION
by
NICOLAE BĂRAN, GHEORGHE BĂRAN, GABRIELA
MATEESCU and ALEXANDRU SORIN PĂTULEA
Abstract. In this paper the authors present a new type of fine
bubbles generator whose dispersion element of the air into the water
mass is a metallic board of rectangular shape in which a number of holes
is practiced. The holes were positioned in xoy coordinates and
manufactured by electro-erosion. The fine bubbles generator was
introduced in a water basin and included in the structure of an
experimental stand; the results obtained from the experimental researches
performed are exposed.
Key words: fine bubbles generator, water aeration, electro-erosion
processing.
COMPARATIVE ENERGY AND EXERGY ANALYSIS OF THE
ABSORPTION, RESORPTION AND COMPLEX ABSORPTION-
RESORPTION SYSTEMS
by
ELENA EUGENIA VASILESCU, GHEORGHE POPESCU, CLAUDIA
IONIŢĂ, VALENTIN APOSTOL and HORAŢIU POP
Abstract. The paper deals with the energy and exergy analysis of
the absorption, resorption and complex absorption-resorption
thermodynamic cycles with ammonia-water as working fluid. A
comparison between the analyzed cycles (working as refrigeration or
heat pump systems) provides information about the opportunity to
choose the most adequate schema as a function of the imposed design
parameters.

Key words: absorption, refrigeration, heat pump, exergy, COP.
ALLOCATION OPTIMALE DES ÉCHANGEURS DE CHALEUR
DANS LES SYSTÈMES BOOTSTRAP EN BOUCLE OUVERTE
DES AERONEFS
par
BOGDAN HORBANIUC et GHEORGHE DUMITRAŞCU
Abstract. The open-loop bootstrap systems are driven by turbojet
aircraft engines to cool the cabin and save energy. The aim of the paper
is to optimize from the thermodynamic point of view the two heat
exchangers (main and regenerative) of the bootstrap system. The
optimization criterion is the minimum power extracted from the engine.
The constraint is the limited capacity of heat exchangers to transfer heat.
We developed a mathematical model of the system and we analyze the
ideal case (reversible adiabatic compression and expansion).
Key words: open loop system bootstrap, thermodynamic
optimization, optimal allocation
ANALYSE DES PERFORMANCES D’UNE POMPE À CHALEUR
À ABSORPTION
par
DRAGOŞ HERA et CĂTĂLINA VASILESCU
Abstract. The absorption heat pumps arise a growing interest
among researchers because they can use renewable or inexpensive (heat
recovery) energy sources. This paper presents a mathematical model
recently developed by the authors to calculate the state parameters and
process for the cycle of absorption heat pump with ammonia-water
mixture. The model applies the conservation equations for mass and
energy for each unit making up the installation. Using the computer
program developed the performance of absorption heat pump with
ammonia-water mixture is studied as a function of selected input
parameters: the temperature of the heating agent and the temperature of
the heat sink. It also analyzes the influence of these parameters on the
temperature of hot water prepared.
Key words: heat pump, absorption cycle, ammonia-water solution,

coefficient of performance
WAVY FINS PITCH INFLUENCE ON WATER-AIR HEAT
EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE
by
MIHAI NAGI, IOAN-DANIEL CĂRĂBAŞ and PAUL ILIEŞ
Abstract. In this paper there is experimental research developed, on
how does the pitch of sinuous fin, on the air side, influence the thermic
transfer coefficient and pressure drop. The results have been generalized
and the Colburn curves have been plotted according to Reynolds, and the
friction coefficient according to Reynolds.
Key words: fin pitch, heat changers, thermic transfer, Colburn,
Reynolds.
EXERGY ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSIENT REGIME OF
VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS
by
RAHAL BOUSSEHAIN, ELENA EUGENIA VASILESCU, YOUCEF
ABDELLOUCHE, MICHEL FEIDT and ALEXANDRU
DOBROVICESCU
Abstract. This paper presents a method of analysis of the exergy
destruction on each component of a vapor compression refrigeration
system during the transient regimes of functioning. Using experimental
data, one calculated the exergy destruction as a function of time under
the influence of some factors that perturb the stationary regime, as the
deactivation of a piston, the variation of the mass flow rate and of the
initial temperature of the cooled fluid, the diminution of the compressor
speed.
Key words: exergy destruction, refrigeration, transient regime.
SIMULATION OF A DOMESTIC ABSORPTION OF CHILLER
by
NADÈGE CHATAGNON, MARC BACHMANN,
GUILLAUME ANIES and JEAN CASTAING-LASVIGNOTTES

Abstract. Liquid absorption tri-thermal refrigeration systems are
particularly promising in solar cooling. Designed and sized in order to
reply to nominal conditions, these machines are often submitted to
varying operating conditions. Being able to predict their influences on
the machine and the associated energy performance is revealing rather
tricky. After a brief review of the operating principle, we present the
experimental results obtained on a test bench where were applied various
experimental conditions on a ROTARTICA Solar of 4.5 kW. In a second
step, a model is developed to predict the chiller’s performance based on
operating temperatures. To do this, the main parameters of the model
have been identified thanks to three different tests and validated on other
experimental results. The simulation’s results are in agreement with the
measures. Finally the sensibility of the parameters identified is studied
and discussed.
Key words: modeling, identification, simulation, absorption.
MODELISATION D’UN SYSTÈME DE RAFRAICHISSEMENT
SOLAIRE PAR ABSORPTION UTILISANT (H 2 O – LIBR)
by
R. TOUAIBI, M. TAHAR ABBES, R. BOUSSEHAIN,
M. FEIDT, E. VASILESCU, M. COSTEA et B. KHELIDJ
Abstract. Absorption solar cooling is a very modern technology to
cool a room by using a binary solution and a source of free heat using a
solar collector. This paper will be devoted to the study of a system
designed to cool via solar absorption using the mixture of lithium
bromide-water (LiBr/H 2 O) with water as the refrigerant. The principle of
operation is first introduced, and then the system modeling is presented.
Modeling is an essential step in evaluating the potential of this technique.
Models of the system components will be developed to perform the
complete modeling of the system equipped with two types of solar
collectors in order to improve its performance. The model can be used to
provide a prototype for application in Algeria.
Key words: cooling, absorption, solar, modeling, lithium bromide.
ON PRESSURIZATION OF A COMPARTMENT DUE TO
RUPTURE OF COOLANT PIPING IN A NUCLEAR POWER

PLANT
by
TEONA LOZONSCHI
Abstract. Venting and pressurization of enclosed compartments due
to the accidental rupture of coolant piping is a safety problem common to
many nuclear facilities, mainly in a seismic event. The processes
associated with such an accident are very complex, involving, in general,
transient multiphase flows, interactions and mixing between the
incoming flows and gases in the compartment, and heat transfer with
surroundings. The objective of this paper is to present a simplified,
global analysis approach which can provide reasonably conservative
estimates of structural loads and flow processes, and which can be
readily be used in design studies.
Key words: pressurization, coolant piping, multiphase coolant
flows, heat transfer, structural loads, flow processes.
ANALYSE THÉORIQUE ET ÉXPERIMENTALE D’UNE
MACHINE À FROID DE STIRLING
by
STOIAN PETRESCU, LAVINIA GROSU, MONICA COSTEA,
PIERRE ROCHELLE, CĂTĂLINA DOBRE and CAMELIA PETRE
Abstract. The paper presents a theoretical and experimental study
of the reverse Stirling cycle applied to a β type machine. It is based on
analytical models developed for refrigeration machines by using the
methods from Finite Speed Thermodynamics (FST) and Finite Physical
Dimensions Thermodynamics (FDT). The theoretical results are
compared to experimental ones. The effect of the piston speed on the
COP of the real operation machine is emphasized. Although the heat
losses due to imperfect regeneration are differently evaluated, the two
methods present similar performance variation.
Key words: reverse Stirling cycle, finite speed thermodynamics,
finite physical dimensions thermodynamics, direct method, irreversibility
causes.
PERFORMANCES D’UNE MACHINE FRIGORIFIQUE MUNIE

D’UNE DÉTENDEUR À EJECTEUR UTILISANT LES FLUIDES
R134 ET HFO1234 yf
par
LATRA BOUMARAF, PHILIPPE HABERSCHILL et AHMED
BENSAFI
Abstract. A vapor compression refrigeration system using an
ejector instead of a throttling valve to recover some of the kinetic energy
of the expansion process is presented. A constant-area mixing model for
the two phase flow ejector was developed. For typical air conditioning
operation conditions, the effects of the ejector geometrical parameters
and the pressure drop in the receiving section on the system performance
were investigated. For a set ejector geometry, the condensation
temperature influence on the ejector performance was also studied. The
ejector model is then used to perform the thermodynamic analysis of the
refrigeration system operating with the working fluids R134a and its
potential substitute HFO1234 yf. The simulation results show an
important improvement of the relative COP of the ejector expansion
refrigeration system particularly when the condensation temperature
increases (40% at 55°C for the two refrigerants). The results also show
that HFO1234 yf leads to better performance than R134a when the
condensation temperature decreases.
Keywords: refrigeration system, ejector, R134a, HFO1234yf .
REFROIDISSEMENT D’UN COMPOSANT ÉLECTRONIQUE
PAR CONVECTION FORCÉE À L’AIDE DE DEFLECTEURS
LONGITUDINAUX
par
AHLEM ARFAOUI OMRANI, REJEB BEN MAAD, MOURAD
REBAY, COLETTE PADET and JACQUES PADET
Abstract. The cooling of electronic components raises a great deal
of research work, some of which was devoted to the influence of baffles
meant to flow channeling [1]. Therefore, we propose an experimental and
numerical study of the convective transfer of a heating element mounted
on a flat plate placed at the entrance of a laminar flow of air with uniform
velocity. Two longitudinal baffles mounted on the base of the heating
element guide the flow onto it. The results obtained show the influence

of the angle of inclination and spacing of baffles in improving the
convective heat transfer at the interface air-heater.
Key words: cooling, electronic component, forced convection,
longitudinal baffles.
POST-COMBUSTION CO 2 CAPTURE FROM COAL-FIRED
POWER PLANTS
by
VIORICA CEBRUCEAN, IOANA IONEL and DUMITRU
CEBRUCEAN
Abstract Post-combustion capture process involves the
separation of CO 2 from the flue gas produced by combustion. The
concentration of CO 2 in the flue gas of a typical coal-fired power
plant is less than 15% (by volume) and the flue gas is present at
almost atmospheric pressure. These two have a significant impact
on the CO 2 capture process. However, post-combustion carbon
capture is the most developed concept and has the greatest near- to
middle-term potential for reducing CO 2 emissions, because it can
be retrofitted to existing coal-fired power plants with only minor
modifications. Chemical solvents are currently the most preferred
option for post-combustion systems, offering a relatively high
capture efficiency and selectivity. Three post-combustion systems
are discussed and presented in this paper: amine-, carbonate- and
ammonia-based process.
Key words: CO 2 capture, post-combustion, amine/carbonate/
ammonia-based process, coal-fired power plant.
HEAT TRANSFER AT CONDENSATION OF A GAS-VAPOR
MIXTURE IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD
by
MIRCEA BOLOGA, FEDOR GROSU, ALBERT POLICARPOV
and OLEG MOTORIN 1
Abstract. The results of experimental investigation of heat
transfer at condensation of a gas-vapor mixture under the influence
of a direct electric field are presented. At a noncondensable gas
concentration of 5%, an approximately two-fold increase in the

coefficient of the heat transfer is obtained. The condensation
process enhancement is explained by the combined effect of the
condensate film turbulence and the decrease in the diffusion
resistance of the noncondensable gas layer in an electric field. The
results can be used for design of compact vapour condensers.
Key words: heat transfer, condensation, electric field, noncondensable
gas.
ÉFFICACITÉS ET RENDEMENTS DES SYSTÈMES PILES À
COMBUSTIBLE
par
A. VAUDREY, P. BAUCOUR, F. LANZETTA et R. GLISES
Abstract. Its atypical nature – a "slow" combustion engine
producing electrical work − makes the fuel cell system difficult to
compare to a competing technology solution, consisting for
example of a couple heat engine / electric generator. Its mode of
isothermal operation complicates the comparison of its
effectiveness with that of a normal thermal system operating
between two temperature levels. To overcome this difficulty, we
use equivalence between a fuel cell and an ideal Carnot engine, to
which we add an internal generation of entropy due to electrical
surges characteristic of a real fuel cell. The proposed analogy is
then converted in the exergy model which not only allows a more
meaningful comparison of the fuel cell with alternative energy
solutions, but also a demonstration of its actual energy
performance.
Keywords: fuel cells, efficiency, exergy .
MICROCOGÉNÉRATION : CHOIX DU MOTEUR THERMIQUE
par
PASCAL STOUFFS

Abstract. Micro-combined heat and power systems are gaining
more and more interest for domestic use. Reflections on the choice of the
thermal engine are presented.
Key words: Micro-CHP, cogeneration, engine, Stirling, Ericsson,
ORC.
ENGINE AIR-CHARGE REGRESSION MODEL
by
DANIEL DINESCU and MOHAND TAZEROUT
Abstract. A physically based regression model for predicting the
intake flow in an IC engine is presented. The effect of the intake
manifold conditions (pressure and temperature) and engine speed and
geometry on the incoming mass flow-rate is considered. The proposed
model is computationally simple and involves parameters that can be
easily measured. It may be therefore suitable for engine control.
Key words: internal combustion engine, intake mass flow rate,
mean value modelling, regression model.
UNE MODÉLISATION DU TRANSFERT DE CHALEUR ET DE
MASSE AU SERPENTINES DE TUYAUX GAUFRÉS DES
CHAUDIÈRES À CONDENSATION
par
DAN PAUL STĂNESCU, NICOLAE N. ANTONESCU
et NICULAE ANTONESCU
Abstract. Heat and mass transfer modeling for goffered tubes
used for condensing boilers. A very efficient constructive solution
for condensing boilers with serpentine pipe is based on the use of
goffered tubes. The boiler’s particularity is the construction with
only one continuous serpentine pipe placed vertically in the boiler.
For the final whirls the heat transfer is represented by both latent
and sensible convection from the flue gases. For this specific
constructive solution, a numerical model was developed, based on
several physical models for heat and mass transfer over condensing
surfaces. The numerical model was finally verified through
laboratory experimentations on real goffered tubes, single
serpentine pipe, condensing boilers of 30 and 100 kW. The
measured parameters were in good agreement with those obtained

from the computational model, fact that validated the numerical
model and the comprised hypothesis. The validation was obtained
not only for nominal functioning regime but also for partial loads
and for the whole range of inlet water temperatures used for the
boiler.
Key words: condensation boilers, goffered tubes, heat transfer.
MESURES DE LA PRESSION INSTANTANÉE DANS UN
COMPRESSEUR À PISTON ET COMPARAISON AVEC DES
RÉSULTATS THÉORIQUES
par
DAN ANDREI
Abstract. The resolution of the six first order and second order
differential equations (two first order equations and four second-order)
that make up the mathematical model of a pulsating pressure compressor
operation [1], [2], [3] is made by the Runge-Kutta fourth order method.
Variation diagrams of pressure in the compressor cylinder, of the total
pressure in the pressure chamber and of the displacement of the
discharge valve were obtained for three operating regimes with
compression ratios: H1 = =3.4, H1 = 4.5 and H1 = 5.6.
Key words: acoustics, pulsating pressure, reciprocating compressor.
ENERGY RECOVERY OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES FROM
GEOTHERMAL WATERS BY COGENERATION UNITS WITH
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
by
ANA-MARIA BIANCHI, SORIN DIMITRIU and FLORIN
BĂLTĂREŢU
Abstract. In some geothermal fields, the hot water is associated
with high content hydrocarbons gases, especially methane. These gases,
which can reach to a content of 2…2.5 m 3 N per cubic meter of water and
can have a methane content of 85…90%, represent an important power
potential. This paper presents the possibility of power potential recovery
of these gases using gas engine cogeneration units. A case study is
performed, regarding the geothermal water wells working in

Calimanesti- Caciulata - Cozia zone, on the Olt Valley. An important
power potential about 3.6 MW is pointed out, (1.4 MW electric power
and 2.2 MW thermal power). The electricity may be locally consumed or
injected in the electric grid, while the thermal energy can be delivered to
residential consumers.
Key words: cogeneration, gas engine unit, geothermal district
heating.
COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF THERMAL STRESSES IN
THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A SPARK IGNITION
ENGINE FUELED WITH ETHANOL-GASOLINE BLENDS
by
KRISZTINA UZUNEANU 1 and EUGEN GOLGOŢIU
Abstract The thermal stresses in the combustion chamber of
an internal combustion engine are determined as a function of the
level of temperature. Measuring the temperatures in different parts
of the piston and cylinder head, we can adjust the cooling, or we
can improve the materials, or even we can improve the properties
of the fuels. The present paper deals with the thermal stresses in the
combustion chamber of a spark ignition engine fueled with a blend
of gasoline with ethanol.
Key words: piston head, cylinder head, thermal stress, ethanolgasoline.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF NONSTATIONARY FLOW
THROUGH THE TURBOCHARGER UNIT CHARGE
OF SUPERCHARGED DIESEL ENGINES
by
SALVADORE MUGUREL BURCIU
Abstract. This paper presents the mathematical model behind the
computer program, which allows simulation of nonstationary flow
through the compressor unit of charge with free rotation of supercharged
diesel engines. Phoenics software program developed by using personal
subroutines can be used to simulate the nonstationary flow through the
turbocharger VTR 200R of MB836 Db turbocharged diesel engine. In the
paper are presented in graphical form, some results obtained for 3D nonstationary
flow through the turbocharger compressor rotor.

Key words: supercharged engine, computer simulation, Phoenics
software.
A NEW SOLUTION TO IMPROVE THE CONTACT
CONDITIONS IN THE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS OF THE
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
by
GHEORGHE MANOLACHE, EDWARD RAKOŞI, RADU ROŞCA
and SORINEL TALIF
Abstract. The paper presents the results of an analysis concerning
the main factors affecting the cam-follower contact conditions,
emphasizing the influence of the lubrication regime conditions over the
couple wear reduction; an original technical solution is proposed and
studied for the improvement of the lubrication regime and engine life, in
order to preserve the engine performances and pollution level.
Key words: contact conditions improvement, distribution systems,
internal combustion engines.
EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF A NUMERICAL METHOD
FOR CALCULATING PORT INJECTION
AIR-FUEL MIXTURE STATE PARAMETERS
by
ADRIAN IRIMESCU, DĂNILĂ IORGA, LIVIU MIHON and IOAN
HITICAŞ
Abstract. Air-fuel mixture formation in port injection spark
ignition engines is a complex process of heat and mass transfer. Intake
air is mixed with pulverized gasoline that follows a multi-stage process
in which the liquid is broken into small size droplets and then evaporates.
How much fuel actually evaporates depends on various conditions such
as manifold pressure, air temperature and relative humidity, as well as
air-fuel ratio. Experimental results obtained during measurements with a
time span of one year confirm the validity of the numerical method
developed for calculating air-fuel mixture state parameters. Measured
mixture temperature values are very close to the results obtained through

calculations, with a maximum error slightly over 10 %, as the difference
between the two values compared to the range of -20…40 °C.
Key words: spark ignition engines, heat and mass transfer, air-fuel
mixture, intake.
IRREVERSIBLE SEMI-DIESEL CYCLE APPROACH BASED ON
THE DIRECT METHOD FROM FINITE SPEED
THERMODYNAMICS
by
STOIAN PETRESCU, NICOLAE BORIARU, CRISTIAN LEONTIEV,
MONICA COSTEA and CAMELIA PETRE
Abstract: The paper presents a Direct Method Approach for
estimating the performances of the irreversible Semi-Diesel Cycle,
with finite speed. The irreversibility generated by the finite speed
of the processes, the throttling losses at intake and exhaust and the
friction losses was determined. The influence of the piston speed,
the pressure increase and cut-off ratio at combustion was studied,
too. The results show optimum values of the piston speed and other
parameters (α and λ) of the model for Maximum Power Regime.
Key words: semi-Diesel, cycle performances, finite speed
thermodynamics, direct method, irreversibility causes.
ÉTUDE THERMODYNAMIQUE DE L’INFLUENCE DE LA
PRESSION DE CHARGE INITIALE SUR L’AMELIORATION
DES PERFORMANCES D’UN MOTEUR STIRLING DE TYPE
GAMMA
par
RAMLA GHEITH, FETHI ALOUI, MOHAND TAZEROUT
et SASSI BEN NASRALLAH
Abstract. In this paper, the classic adiabatic model was adopted. In
this model, the assumption of perfect working fluid was replaced by the
assumption of real one. The real gas was defined by the Van der Waals
state equation. In fact, the influence of real gas appears for ‘important’
pressures. So, we have introduced the concept of “filling initial
pressure”. To check the validity of the developed model, a Gamma kind

of Stirling engine, functioning with initial filling pressures, was used to
carry out experiments. We have finally, validated the results obtained by
the model with experiments.
Key words: Stirling motor, pressure of remplisage, adiabatic model,
amelioration.
RECOVERY OF ORGANIC WASTE IN THEIR RECYCLING IN
AGRICULTURE
by
ILINCA DINU and OANA GHEORGHIŢĂ
Abstract. Currently, worldwide, household and industrial
activities of population from urban centers produce large quantities
of solid and liquid waste. From all these wastes the most aggressive
towards the environment are those of organic nature, because of
their rapid fermentation resulting a massive air and soil pollution.
From this category of waste are the organic sludge resulted from
the wastewater treatment process in urban cleaning stations.
Considering the requirements of the European environmental
protection rules that have been imposed by the restrictions of
current legislation, the authors of this paper deals with some
innovative aspects of waste recycling, on the one hand to protect
the environment, and on the other hand to exploit mineralized
organic waste as organic fertilizer in agriculture.
Key words: waste, sewage sludge, capitalization.
SOME EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS OF BIOMASS BURNING
by
MANUELA ELENA GEORGESCU, LUCIAN MIHĂESCU, IONEL
PÎŞĂ, TUDOR PRISECARU, ION OPREA and GABRIEL
NEGREANU
Abstract. The paper purpose is to present some of the
problems appearing in boilers when burning biomass. The specific
burners for the specific fuel, the fuel preparation technology and
the experiments achieved on pilot and industrial boilers are
presented in the paper.
Key words: biomass, burner, composite briquettes, boiler.

UTILISATION SIMULTANÉE DE CHALEUR ET DE FROID EN
INDUSTRIE AGRO-ALIMENTAIRE, À L'AIDE DE MACHINES
À COMPRESSION MÉCANIQUE DE VAPEUR : QUEL
CRITÈRE D'EFFICACITE?
par
RAHAL BOUSSEHAIN, DIMITER DIMITROV et MICHEL FEIDT
Abstract. A double use thermofrigopump vapour compression
machine model is proposed in the present paper. This model is relative to
steady state irreversible system, and takes account of finite size
constraint through the heat transfer laws. Thermodynamical efficiencies
of this system has been defined and compared. The corresponding
optimization results are proposed.
Key words: hydrogen, HRG, thermal cutting.
VALORISATION DES GRAISSES ANIMALES COMME
BIOCOMBUSTIBLE POUR MOTEURS DIESEL
par
NADIA MRAD, FETHI ALOUI, MOHAND TAZEROUT,
SASSI BEN NASRALLAH et HASSEN ABDALLAH
Abstract. In this work, we aim at studying the recovery of beef
fat by the technique of pyrolysis to produce a biofuel for diesel
engines. The goal is to monitor the performance and the acidity of the
final liquid fuel (pyrolysis oil) and to identify the various noncondensable
gases released.
Key words: Animal fat, pyrolysis, catalytic cracking, bio-fuel,
acidity.
STUDY OF BIODIESEL OBTAINED THROUGH
VALORIFICATION OF BIOMASS
by
CAMELIA CIUBOTĂ-ROŞIE, LAURA BULGARIU, CEZAR
CATRINESCU, IRINA VOLF and MATEI MACOVEANU

Abstract. This paper studies the method of obtaining biodiesel from
mustard seeds (Sinapis Alba). Obtaining oil from oils seeds are made by
mechanical pressing, through solvent extraction and the extraction in
super critical condition with CO 2 . The paper presents the process of
extraction with solvents of the oil from mustard seeds. It was studied
the extraction of oil with seven types of solvent in the same conditions
of extraction (n-hexane, cyclohexane, heptanes, petroleum ether, ethyl
acetate, acetone and tetrachloride of carbon) and the results were
compared to identify the best solvent, considering the cost of the solvent
and the environmental impact. After the oil extraction it was analyzed
the composition of each type of oil extracted with a certain solvent to
determine the optimal conditions for administrating the process of
transesterification of the oil obtained. It was also determined the
characteristics that the vegetable oil must fulfill before the
transesterification process according to the 14 214 standard.
Key words: biomass, biodiesel, mustard seeds, solvents extraction
INFLUENCE OF ELECTROPLASMOLYSIS AND THERMAL
TREATMENT ON QUALITATIVE PROPERTIES OF
VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS
by
NATALIA POPOVA, ANDREI PAPCHENKO and MIRCEA
BOLOGA
Abstract: The results of the experimental investigations of the
electroplasmolysis and thermal (frying in the vegetable oil of the marrow
and carrot) treatment influence on their technological indexes are
presented. It is shown that electroplasmolysis due to increasing of the cell
permeability accelerates the process of frying, decrease the oil saturation
capacity, that leads to decreasing of its specific consumption per unit of
stock production. It was found that the acid number of the vegetable oil
decreases while the iodine number increases insignificantly.
Key words: electroplasmolysis, thermal treatment, vegetable raw
materials, qualitative properties.
RECHERCHES EXPÉRIMENTALES CONCERNANT LE
PROCESSUS DE SÉCHAGE DES CÉRÉALES À DOUBLE
SOURCE D’ÉNERGIE
par

CORINA DANA CERNĂIANU et MARIN BICĂ
Abstract. The desiccation of plants requires large energy
consumption. In the proposed drying method traditional heating
can be replaced by solar heating. We present the experimental
research performed to achieve the drying process in cereal seeds
drying equipment with dual heating source.
Keywords: drying process, seeds drying, solar heating.
ELECTROPHYSICAL METHODS FOR RECYCLING OF THE
SECONDARY MILK PRODUCTS
by
MIRCEA BOLOGA, ELVIRA SPRINCEAN, ALEXANDRU
BOLOGA, ALBERT POLIKARPOV and TATIANA STEPURINA
Abstract. Electrophysical methods are some of the most effective
for processing protein-carbohydrate milk raw materials. In this paper the
electroactivation of initial whey was used with a subsequent recovery of
a protein-mineral concentrate as well as of deproteined whey for lactose
processing. The proposed method of electrofractionation of secondary
milk raw materials is found to be a reagentless, low-temperature process
and it can be included in a wasteless recycling of whey aimed at the
production of protein-mineral concentrate and lactose and lactulose
products.
Key words: secondary milk products, protein-mineral concentrate,
lactose and lactulose products.
ASPECTS REGARDING THE DESIGN OF A ROTARY DRYER
FOR AN EQUIPMENT WHICH COMPRESSES SAWDUST
by
PETRE RĂDUCANU
Abstract. The wood wastes, resulting from the forest exploitation
and from the wood processing, have to be very carefully treated, in
order not to produce a huge pollution. These wood-refuses have to be
turned, through drying and compression, into burning woodbricks,
which can be used for energetical purposes. For this reason was design
a mobile equipment, in which, a dryer used for the diminishing of the
sawdust humidity, was integrated. The paper presents the way in

which the dryer was designed. There are presented the results got and
the analysis of the factors which influence the design.
Key words: sawdust drying, dryer design.
HEATING AND COOLING SOLUTIONS OF NEW
RESIDENTIAL AND OFFICE BUILDING DISTRICTS IN
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT
by
SEVERIN CĂZĂNESCU1 and RALUCA ALEXANDRA
CĂZĂNESCU
Abstract. The paper present a case study analyzed for an area
of 50 hectares in Bucharest, where office and residential buildings
are intended to be built. There were studied classical solutions for
heating and cooling of the buildings in comparison with coupled
solutions combining boiler and cooling plants with solar systems
and trigeneration. The different solutions were analyzed both from
technical and economic point of view, taking into consideration the
site development and the necessary resources to be involved.
The proposed solution to be achieved is to produce electrical
and thermal energy in trigeneration plants coupled with
heating/cooling substations at building level and to use solar
energy in combination with classic boiler plants for the buildings
which are not connected to the trigeneration systems.
Key words: sustainable development, trigeneration, solar
energy, environmental protection.
AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION FOR CLEAN TERRESTRIAL
PROPULSION: SMALL SCALE COMBINE CYCLE UNIT
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
by
DAN-TEODOR BĂLĂNESCU and MARIO-VLAD HOMUTESCU

Abstract. The Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Units are the actual
leader in the domain of high and medium power generation systems. As
long the heavy ships propulsion systems have powers in this range, the
use of the Combined Cycle Units for naval propulsion was not only
possible but completely successful. This justify the study of the
possibilities to develop Small Scale Combined Cycle Units, properly
even for the propulsion of the heavy lorries. In the present paper, the
results of a study regarding the performances of a Small Scale Combined
Cycle Units are presented. The configuration of this unit can be a
properly one for the propulsion system of the heavy lorries.
Key words: combined cycle, small scale, terrestrial propulsion,
Heller condenser system, high efficiency.
ESTIMATION DU FACTEUR DE DETERIORATION DES
EMISSIONS POLLUANTES POUR LE PARC D’AUTOMOBILES,
EN FONCTION DE L’AGE ET DU NOMBRE DE KILOMETRES
PARCOURUS (KILOMETRAGE)
par
KRISZTINA UZUNEANU 1 , DAN DRĂGHIA 1 et EUGEN
GOLGOŢIU 2
Abstract. The emission factor is defined in this section as a factor
which, multiplied with the amount of pollutants emitted by a new engine,
allows the estimate with reasonable accuracy of the amount of pollutants
(CO, HC, NOx) emitted by the engine after a certain number of years and
a certain mileage. The deterioration factor of the emissions has been
determined by using a rich database of pollutant emissions from certain
engines grouped based on their displacement and degree of treatment of
exhaust gases in accordance with European standards (Euro I ..EuroV)
Key words: automobile pollution, emission deterioration, factor for
automobile pollution.
DÉTERMINATION DE LA CONDUCTIVITÉ THERMIQUE
DANS LES MATÉRIAUX DE CONSTRUCTION
par
MONICA CHERECHEŞ, CĂTĂLIN POPOVICI
et NELU-CRISTIAN CHERECHEŞ
Abstract. Using an unsteady heat transfer method, the
thermophysical properties of the three building materials were

experimentally determined. The evolution of contact temperatures versus
time, for each material, indicates an early rapid decrease in temperature,
followed by a slight increase during 2-3 minutes. Then, the contact
temperature is stabilized to a value that remains constant for a period of 3
to 7 minutes, quite long enough to measure the temperature of contact. In
addition, we performed numerical simulations in variable regime using
the NASTRAN ® software to determine the temperature distribution in
the contact area.
Key words: building materials, thermal conductivity, humidity,
temperature of contact, simulation.
RESEARCH AND STUDIES ON ENERGY EFFICIENT
SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE
HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS FOR SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH LABORATORIES OF THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
BRAŞOV
by
IOAN CĂLDARE
Abstract: Starting from the basic ideas of the conception and design
of buildings with low energy consumption, using non-conventional
energy, research and studies refer mainly to: The capture and use of the
soil heat in heat pump installations: 2 reversible heat pumps for each of
the 12 scientific research laboratories. Were studied three variants of
geothermal collectors: surface geothermal horizontal collector (h = 1.5
m), small depth vertical geothermal collector type spiral drill (h = 5m),
and geothermal probe of great depth (h = 100 m). Heating and cooling
installations for all 12 laboratories by radiating surfaces: concrete
tempered, semi tempered and floor heating.
By coupling installation of heat pumps with heating and cooling
systems of the laboratories of scientific research results that about 65-
70% of annual energy for heating and cooling of a scientific research
laboratory is provided by unconventional energy sources.
Key words: heat pump, solar panel, collector geothermal,
heating/cooling, radiant surfaces.
STRUCTURES ET ADAPTATION PEDAGOGIQUES DANS LA
CONSTITUTION D’UNE SPECIALISATION DE GÉNIE

MECANIQUE: SYSTÈMES ET ÉQUIPEMENTS THERMIQUES
(SET)
par
MIRCEA IVĂNOIU
Abstract. The study includes Principles of a flexible technical
education, References to the criterion of temporal sequence of
subjects, rational and natural, to provide a logical and robust
construction of the qualification, Review of external pressures and
constraints, in particular the labor market’s demand and the
requirements of a modern and efficient top technical qualification
program, including : Increasing domestic and international interuniversity
mobility, Labor force mobility, Resilience of the
professional training, Weight of the non-scientific education and
the economic and managerial training component of a curricula,
Component of a integrated perspective (Sustainable Education or
Education for Sustainable Development) and specific relationship
with the environment ( environmental protection in the field of
industrial activity), Valences of humanities education. Conclusions
of this work aimed to establish the unavoidable commandments in
such a project, separating the elements of stability, universal, of the
cyclical whose share would be drastically reduced.
Key words: thermo systems and equipment, sustainable
education, professional curricula, educational principles,
mechanical engineering training.