in the flora of Slovenia
Invasive alien plant taxa in the flora of Slovenia - Izbis
Invasive alien plant taxa in the flora of Slovenia - Izbis
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Invasive alien plant taxa<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>flora</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Slovenia</strong><br />
Nejc Jogan<br />
Dept. Of Biology BF UL<br />
EPPO Workshop, Belgrade, July 2013
Def<strong>in</strong>itions<br />
CBD def<strong>in</strong>ition (!)<br />
Included: quickly spread<strong>in</strong>g naturalized alien<br />
plants, that cause significant changes <strong>in</strong><br />
structure and/or function <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>vaded<br />
(semi)natural ecosystem<br />
Excluded: weeds, harmful only to<br />
human/domestic animals/economy,<br />
ephemerophytes, low impact agriophytes,<br />
autochtonous quickly spread<strong>in</strong>g plants etc.
Analysis<br />
Neobiota <strong>Slovenia</strong>e (2010-2012):<br />
Ephemerophytes 108<br />
Rare 73<br />
Scattered 57<br />
Naturalized 71<br />
Invasive 32<br />
[+ 224 archaeophytes]<br />
Σ= 17,7 % <strong>of</strong> <strong>Slovenia</strong>n <strong>flora</strong>
List <strong>of</strong> IAS<br />
• Acer negundo<br />
• Ailanthus altissima<br />
• Ambrosia artemisiifolia<br />
• Amorpha fruticosa<br />
• Aster novi-belgii<br />
• Aster tradescantii<br />
• Berberis thunbergii<br />
• Bidens frondosa<br />
• Buddleja davidii<br />
• Cuscuta campestris<br />
• Duchesnea <strong>in</strong>dica<br />
• Ech<strong>in</strong>ocystis lobata<br />
• Elodea canadensis<br />
• Erigeron annuus<br />
• Fallopia japonica<br />
• Fallopia sachal<strong>in</strong>ensis<br />
• Fallopia x bohemica<br />
• Helianthus tuberosus<br />
• Heracleum mantegazzianum<br />
• Impatiens glandulifera<br />
• Impatiens parvi<strong>flora</strong><br />
• Lonicera japonica<br />
• Lup<strong>in</strong>us polyphyllus<br />
• Par<strong>the</strong>nocissus qu<strong>in</strong>quefolia<br />
• Physocarpus opulifolius<br />
• Pistia stratiotes<br />
• Rob<strong>in</strong>ia pseudacacia<br />
• Rudbeckia lac<strong>in</strong>iata<br />
• Solidago canadensis<br />
• Solidago gigantea<br />
• Spiraea japonica<br />
• Thuja orientalis
Pattern <strong>in</strong> time<br />
Neophyte taxa records:<br />
Before 1950<br />
1950 to1980 (max
Number <strong>of</strong> neophytes <strong>in</strong> time<br />
Total<br />
O<strong>the</strong>r<br />
Invasives and<br />
naturalized
Orig<strong>in</strong> and naturalization degree<br />
Invasive<br />
Naturalized<br />
Scattered<br />
Rare<br />
Casual<br />
Europe Asia Africa Mediterran America Australia
Some fur<strong>the</strong>r statistics<br />
Frequency vs. Degree <strong>of</strong> naturalization<br />
First record age distribution<br />
cas rar sca nat <strong>in</strong>v<br />
Annual portion <strong>of</strong> IAS data <strong>in</strong> database<br />
frequency<br />
degree <strong>of</strong><br />
naturalization
© Nejc Jogan 2001<br />
Threat: average rarity vs. IAS<br />
I<br />
A<br />
average floristic rarity<br />
povprečna pogostnost (> 0,35; 0,3- 0,35; < 0,3)<br />
90<br />
91<br />
92<br />
93<br />
94<br />
95<br />
96<br />
97<br />
98<br />
99<br />
100<br />
101<br />
102<br />
103<br />
104<br />
105<br />
106<br />
15°E 107<br />
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66<br />
records <strong>of</strong> all <strong>in</strong>vasive taxa after 1980<br />
H<br />
46°N<br />
CRO<br />
© Nejc Jogan<br />
46°N<br />
>15 records<br />
from 8-15<br />
from 1-7<br />
15°E
© Nejc Jogan 2001<br />
Threat: average rarity vs. IAS<br />
90<br />
91<br />
92<br />
93<br />
94<br />
95<br />
96<br />
97<br />
98<br />
99<br />
100<br />
101<br />
102<br />
103<br />
104<br />
105<br />
106<br />
107<br />
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66<br />
records <strong>of</strong> all <strong>in</strong>vasive taxa after 1980<br />
15°E<br />
A<br />
I<br />
average floristic rarity<br />
povprečna pogostnost (> 0,35; 0,3- 0,35; < 0,3)<br />
46°N<br />
>15 records<br />
from 8-15<br />
from 1-7<br />
15°E<br />
H<br />
CRO<br />
© Nejc Jogan<br />
46°N
Some related projects<br />
• Thuja 1 (2008-09, NGO, Norwegian Fund, awareness<br />
rais<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
• Alien species <strong>in</strong> protected areas (2010-11, NGO, WWF,<br />
analisys for capacity build<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
• Neobiota <strong>Slovenia</strong>e (2010-12, 5 research <strong>in</strong>stitutions,<br />
State budget, checklist and analisys)<br />
• Mapp<strong>in</strong>g ragweed <strong>in</strong> Ljubljana Municipality (2011-12,<br />
<strong>in</strong>stitution+students, MOL, mapp<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
• Thuja 2 (2012-13, NGO, Swiss Fund, awareness rais<strong>in</strong>g)<br />
• Etc.
IAS: current state evaluation<br />
• General public awareness<br />
• Public media sensitivity<br />
• Landowners awareness<br />
• Nature protection awareness<br />
• O<strong>the</strong>r sectors awareness<br />
• Legislation<br />
• Implementation <strong>of</strong> legislation<br />
• Spontaneous spread <strong>of</strong> alien taxa<br />
• Deliberate <strong>in</strong>troductions <strong>of</strong> alien taxa
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