Iva xanthifolia - Izbis

Sava Vrbničanin
Dragana Božić
Katarina Jovanović-Radovanov
University of Belgrade, Faculty of
Agriculture

Init1 - Enter the name of the pest
Iva xanthifolia Nutt.
Init2 - Indicate the taxonomic position and synonyms
Cyclachaena xanthifolia (Nutt.) Fresen.
Asteraceae (Compositae)
Init3 - Clearly define the PRA area
Serbia

Init4 - Provide the reasons for performing this assessments, and report
any risk analysis available for the assessed species.
It is mostly widespread in warm continental lowlands in eastern part of
Europe:
-southern and eastern Slovakia,
-south-eastern Hungary,
-the easternmost part of Austria and
eastern Germany,
It is also present in Croatia and in north part of Serbia.
Its progressive distribution is influenced by mankind
activities as abiotic changes of environmental conditions,
tourism, stock feast, transport, development and at least is it
effect of graduated climate change.
(Šajinović and Koljadţinski,1966; Horváth et al., 1995; Marković, 2000; Ciocârlan, 2000;
Zhi Dong et al, 2012; Follak et al., 2013)

A.1 - Is the plant species known to be alien in all, or a
significant part, of the area under assessment?
Yes
It is native for south Canada, and therefore
invasive for Serbia (Balkans)

A.2 - Is the plant species established in at least a part of the area
under assessment?
Yes
Ecological conditions of the
Pannonia plane proved to be
very suitable for its fast and
aggressive spreading.
As the result, the area of
distribution of Iva xanthifolia in
our country expanded. It is
also included in A2 list of
quarantine harmful organisms
and in Serbia it enjoys the
status of invasive species.
(Vrbničanin et al., 2004, Vrbničanin et al,
2009, Konstantinović et al., 2006

Maps of habitat suitability for Iva xanthiifolia under current climatic conditions in central and eastern Europe
based on an ensemble modeling approach using four regression techniques (GAM, GBM, GLM, MARS) as
implemented in the BIOMOD-framework. Suitable grid cells are given in grey, unsuitable ones in white.
Projected occurrence probabilities were transformed into presence/

A.5 –
How high is the spread potential of the plant
in the area under assessment?
Medium
Level of uncertainty: low
It is spreading by some crop seed and bird feed as well as by
animals and machinery. It entered Serbia by road and railway
traffic, with dominant way of spreading along roads and
railways.
Iva produces seeds extensively, in
average between 35 000 and 50 000,
most up 105 000 seeds, especialy in
the temperate climate with long arid
periods as in here in our country.
(Hanson, 1985; Milanova, 2001; Radovanović et
al., 2012)

A.6 -
How high is the potential negative impact of the plant on native
species, habitats and ecosystems in the area under assessment?
Medium
Level of uncertainty: low
At present Iva shows a great aggressivenes and tendency to
spread throughout Vojvodina by taking up a bigger range.
It prefers ruderal areas, with strong anthropogenic influence,
where it establishes monoassociation with influence on
growth and distribution of associated weed species .
Its secondary inhabited habitats are seminatural ecosystems
(increase of population size).
(Inderjit and Keating, 1999; Valkova and Maneva, 2008; Radanovic et al., 2012)

A.7 -
How high is the potential negative impact of the plant
on agriculture, horticulture or forestry in the area under
assessment?
Medium
Level of uncertainty: low
It can be abundant in crops. It has allelopathic
potential on some weeds and crops and can
influence the growth and yield. It has high potential
of consuming soil nutrients (50 plants/m 2 take out
700 kg/ha N, 226 kg/ha P 2 O 5 and 130 kg/ha K 2 O).
(Marisavljević, 2007; Valkova and Maneva, 2008)

A.8 -
How high are the potential additional impacts (e.g. on
animal and human health, on infrastructures, on
recreational activities, other trade related impacts such
as market losses)?
High
Level of uncertainty: low
It may create significant problems for human health
in the medium term (wind-pollinated and causing
different alergic reaction in humans.
(Igić et al., 2005; Follak, 2009; Medvecká et al., 2012; Pyšek et al., 2012;
Follak et al., 2013).

According to the ratings provided, the assessed species falls into the:
Observation list of invasive alien plants

References
•Ciocârlan, V. (2000): Flora Ilustrâta a Românei, Pteridophyta et Spermatophyta, Editura Ceres,
Bucuresti.
•Follak, S. (2009): Vorkommen und potenzielle Verbreitung des Rispenkrauts (Iva xanthiifolia Nutt.)
in Österreich. – Bot. Helv., 119: 7–12.
•Follak, S., Dullinger, D., Kleinbauer, I., Moser, D., Essl, F. (2013): Invasion dynamics of three
allergenic invasive Asteraceae (Ambrosia trifida, Artemisia annua, Iva xanthiifolia) in central and
eastern Europe. Preslia, 85: 41–61.
•Hanson, C.G., Mason, J.L. (1985): Bird seed aliens in Britain. Walsonia, 15: 237-252.
•Horváth, F., Dobolyi, Z.K., Morschhauser, T., Lokös, L., Karas, L., Szerdahelyi, T. (1995): Flóra
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biological control. Adv. Agron., 67:141–231.
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•Marisavljević D. (2007): Biološke karakteristike i suzbijanje ive (Iva xanthifolia Nutt.) [Biology and
control of False Ragweed (Iva xanthifolia Nutt.)]. PhD thesis, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of
Agriculture.
•Marković, Lj. (2000): Iva L. In: Nikolić, T. (ed.), Flora Croatica, Index Florae Croaticae III, Natura
Croatica, Vol. 9, Suppl. 1, 87.
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Moravcová, L., Pergl, J., Štajerová, K., Tichý L. (2012): Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech
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species. Herbologia, 9: 11-21.

•Vrbničanin, S., Karadţić, B., Dajić Stevanović, Z. (2004): Adventivne i invazivne
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podrucju Srbije, deo 3: prostorna distribucija i zastupljenost osam korovskih vrsta
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•ZhiDong, X., GuoHua, D., BaoDong, L. ChunYu, C., Wei, X., XiaoXia, J., ChunYe,
L. (2012): Geographic distribution and prediction of potential suitable regions of Iva
xanthifolia. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 21: 75-83.