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PRODUCT AND TECHNOLOGY NEWS FROM FUTURE ELECTRONICS 

OCTOBER 

2015 

AMERICAS’ EDITION 

ams 

AS5147P High Speed 

Rotary Position Sensor 

PAGE 3 

ON Semiconductor 

NIV1161: ESD Protection 

with Automotive 

Short-to-Battery Blocking 

PAGE 5 

Vishay 

Space and Power Saving 

PowerPAK ® 8x8L Package 

AEC-Q101-Qualified for 

Automotive Applications 

PAGE 7 

Design Notes and 

Technical View 

PAGES 12-21

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

APPLICATION SPOTLIGHT 

ams AS5147P High Speed Rotary Position Sensor 3 

Diodes Inc. High Performance Automotive Hall Effect Latch Features Wide Range of Sensitivity Options 4 

ON Semiconductor NIV1161: ESD Protection with Automotive Short-to-Battery Blocking 5 

Altech Corp. Miniature Circuit Breakers with Unique Features 5 

Infineon 40V and 60V StrongIRFET Logic-Level Gate Drive 6 

Vishay Space and Power Saving PowerPAK ® 8x8L Package AEC-Q101-Qualified for Automotive Applications 7 

Varta eCall Your Future 8 

Power Dynamics Inc. HEC and HEC2 Harsh Environment Connectors 8 

Yageo Automotive Product Family 9 

Lumex QuasarBrite T-5mm Ultra Bright LED Indicators 9 

Intersil ISL94203 3-to-8 Cell Li-ion Battery Pack Monitor 24 

COMPONENT FOCUS 

CUI Inc. Compact 5W USB Wall Plug Adapters Comply with Level VI Standard 10 

CUI Inc. With You from Start to Finish 10 

Susumu World’s Smallest Low Noise Current Sensing Resistor 11 

Panasonic Industrial Grade SD Cards 11 

Future Electronics Analog Corner 22-23 

DESIGN NOTES 

Vishay A Short History of Automotive Transmissive Sensors and Their Evolution 12-13 

NXP UJA1169 – Mini CAN System Basis Chip Family 14-15 

Diodes Inc. Self-Protecting MOSFETs Deliver Improved Reliability in the Harsh Environment of Automotive Applications 16 

Crocus Technology Sensing High Currents of Several Hundreds Amperes Using MLU Magnetic Sensor 17 

CUI Inc. External Power Supplies: How to Be Ready for Tough New Efficiency Standards in Effect from 2016 18-19 

TECHNICAL VIEW 

Future Electronics Vulnerable Electronics in a Harsh Environment: What Can Go Wrong? Part II 20-21 

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2 

1.800.675.1619 • www.FutureElectronics.com


AS5147P High Speed Rotary Position Sensor 

The AS5147P is an ultra high speed magnetic 

rotary position sensor which offers reliable 

performance in automotive applications 

compatible with the requirements of the 

ISO26262 functional safety standard. 

Providing accurate absolute and incremental 

measurement outputs at speeds up to 28,000 

revolutions per minute (rpm), the AS5147P 

is ideal for safety critical applications such as 

electric power steering (EPS), brake and 

accelerator pedals, pumps, double clutch 

transmissions, starter motors, alternators and 

windscreen wiper motors. 

Its appeal to automotive system designers 

rests on a combination of high measurement 

accuracy at high rotation speeds, high reliability, 

low system cost and support for standards 

compliance. 

The AS5147P draws on patented Dynamic Angle 

Error Correction (DAEC ) technology to deliver 

accurate position measurements even at extremely 

high rotation speeds. The DAEC compensation 

scheme reduces the propagation delay inherent 

in the sensor’s signal chain to almost zero. As a 

result, the AS5147P’s angle error is a negligible 

0.02° at 1.7krpm, 0.17° at 14.5krpm and 0.34° 

at 28krpm. The DAEC function also enables the 

device to refresh its measurement output every 

1.9µs. 

High reliability and low system cost in automotive 

applications are assured by the AS5147P’s intrinsic 

immunity to stray magnetic fields. Strong stray 

magnetic fields are present in vehicles, particularly 

those with a partially or wholly electric drive 

train, which contains powerful electric motors 

and high current carrying conductors. These stray 

magnetic fields are much stronger than that of 

the small target magnet with which a magnetic 

position sensor is paired. 

The unique differential sensing principle of the 

magnetic position sensors from ams makes 

them immune by design to stray magnetism. 

This means that automotive system designers 

can avoid the need to incorporate bulky and 

expensive magnetic shielding into their products, 

reducing their size, weight and cost when 

compared to designs based on competing 

magnetic position sensor ICs. The high sensitivity 

of the AS5147P also enables the use of a small 

(6mm diameter), low cost target magnet. 

In addition, the AS5147P supports automotive 

OEMs’ ISO26262 compliance programs in various 

ways: 

• the AS5147P was developed in accordance 

with the ISO26262 flow, following the Safety 

Element out of Context (SEooC) and Assumption 

of Use (AoU) guidelines specified in the standard, 

thus helping manufacturers to achieve the 

requirements of any ASIL grade 

• ams provides a safety manual and failure mode 

effects diagnostic analysis (FMEDA) document 

for the AS5147P, guiding customers on the way 

to achieve their target ASIL grade in various 

applications evidence – safety case, certifications 

and the AECQ-100 qualification (PPAP) – is 

ready to provide the documentation of the 

AS5147P’s development process 

• the complete SEooC process according to the 

ISO26262 and the documentation supporting 

it are certified by an independent third party 

• the AS5147P provides internal diagnostic 

functions supporting ISO26262 processes, 

including magnetic field strength threshold 

detection, and detection of loss of magnet 

VDD 

AS5147P 

Hall 

Sensors 

LDO 

Analog 

Front-End 

VDD3V3 

A/D 

AGC 

Volatile Memory 

OTP 

ATAN 

(CORDIC) 

INTERPOLATOR 

CSn 

SCL 

MISO 

MOSI 

A 

B 

I/PWM 

U 

V 

W/PWM 

The AS5147P provides both absolute and 

incremental angle measurements of a 

continuously rotating shaft, with a zero position 

setting. A standard four-wire serial peripheral 

interface allows a host microcontroller to read 

14-bit absolute angle position data and to 

program non-volatile settings without a 

dedicated programmer. 

SPI 

Dynamic Angle 

Error 

Compensation 

ABI 

UWV 

PWM Decoder 

Selectable 

on I or W 

Incremental movements are indicated by a set 

of ABI signals with a maximum resolution of 

4,096 steps/1,024 pulses per revolution. The 

resolution of the ABI signal is programmable 

to 4,096 steps/1,024 pulses per revolution, 

2,048 steps/512 pulses per revolution or 1,024 

steps/256 pulses per revolution. Brushless DC 

(BLDC) motors may be controlled through a 

standard UVW commutation interface with a 

programmable number of pole pairs from 1 to 7. 

The absolute angle position is also provided as 

a PWM encoded output signal. 

KEY FEATURES 

• DAEC 

• Immune to external stray magnetic field 

• 14-bit core resolution 

• Maximum speed up to 28.000rpm 

• Developed per ISO 26262 SEooC 

KEY BENEFITS 

• Eliminates angle measurement lag at 

high RPMs 

• Lower system costs (no shielding) 

• High resolution for motor and position control 

• No programmer needed (via SPI command) 

• Enables ASIL-x system safety level compliance 



1.800.675.1619 • www.FutureElectronics.com 

3


High Performance Automotive Hall Effect Latch Features 

Wide Range of Sensitivity Options 

® 

The AH376xQ family of AECQ100-qualified Hall effect latches 

introduced by Diodes Incorporated offers eight magnetic sensitivity 

options to cover the requirements of numerous automotive 

applications. Such uses include commutation, encoding and position 

control of the various motors, pumps, fans and valves found in vehicle 

cabins for operating windows, sun roofs, seats, tailgates and airconditioning. 

These Hall effect latches can also be used in the engine 

bay for steering and sensing the speed and position of the crankshaft, 

camshafts, cooling fans, and water, oil and fuel pumps. 

With an extended -40°C to +150°C temperature range and a 3V to 28V 

supply voltage range, the AH376xQ devices provide robust and reliable 

operation by tolerating the harsh automotive environment with its 

extremes of low crank voltage as well as over-voltage excursions. 

Comprehensive protection features enhance this robustness: a low leakage 

blocking diode guards against reverse supply connection; input and output 

clamps help withstand transient voltages; and an output current limit 

avoids overload. Plus, the devices have an ESD capability of 8kV and can 

withstand a transient load dump up to 32V. 

The AH376xQ family provides eight different magnetic operation and 

release thresholds (BOP and BRP) to address the wide variety of 

applications with regard to magnet strength or sensor to magnet distance. 

These range from the highest BOP/BRP sensitivity of +25G/-25G to the 

lowest sensitivity of +210G/-210G. Pin compatibility is maintained across 

the range and all devices are offered in industry-standard SOT23 and SIP3 

packages. The AH3762Q/3Q/4Q/5Q are also offered in an SC59 package 

and provide the opposite polarity for magnetic detection compared to the 

SOT23 package. 

The AH376xQ Hall effect latch ICs offer superior performance with a fast 

10μs power-on time and a quick 3.75μs response time to reduce delays and 

commutation errors. A chopper stabilized design with a low temperature 

coefficient minimizes switch point drift and provides enhanced immunity 

to stress. Flexibility is further enhanced by the open-drain output 

configuration, allowing the external pull-up resistor value to be adjusted to 

suit the application. 

The AH376xQ Hall effect latch family is fully qualified to the automotive 

AECQ100 standard and meets the AIAG production part approval process 

(PPAP). Available in SOT23, SIP3 or SC59 packages. 



FEATURES 

• High Performance Hall Effect Latch Family 

- 8 sensitivity options with high-tolerance, tight-operating windows (less 

magnetic spread) and low temperature coefficients for switch points 

- Magnetic characteristics specified over the whole operating range 

- Fast power-on time of 10μs typical and response time of 3.75μs typical 

with wide bandwidth 

• Product Flexibility 

- Designed for a wide range of applications: 3V to 28V and -40ºC to 

+150ºC 

- Open drain output for pull-up flexibility 

- Industry standard SC59, SOT23 and SIP3 packages 

- Selected devices in SC59 packages provide options for opposite 

magnetic field polarity switching. 

• Stability, Reliability and Robustness 

- Chopper stabilized design to provide minimal switch point drift 

- Superior temperature and supply line stability 

- Input and output clamps with output overcurrent limit 

- Reverse voltage protection and 32V load dump capability 

- High ESD ratings: 8kV HBM, 800V MM and 2kV CDM 

- AEC-Q100 Grade 0 (-40°C to +150°C) qualification 

APPLICATIONS 

• Automotive applications 

• Window power-lift and sun roof 

• Tailgate open/close BLDC motors 

• Seat adjust motors 

• Seat and dashboard cooling fans 

• Speed measurements 

• Incremental linear and rotary encoder and position sensors 

4 


The NIV1161 is designed to protect high speed 

data lines from ESD as well as short-to-vehicle 

battery situations. 

The ultra low capacitance and low ESD clamping 

voltage make this device an ideal solution for 

protecting voltage sensitive high speed data 

lines while the low FET limits distortion on the 

signal lines. 

The NIV1161’s flow-through style package allows 

for easy PCB layout and matched trace lengths 

necessary to maintain consistent impedance 

between high speed differential lines such as 

USB and LVDS protocols. 


NIV1161: ESD Protection with 

Automotive Short-to-Battery Blocking 

FEATURES 

• Low capacitance (0.65 pF Typical, I/O to GND) 

• Diode capacitance matching between I/Os: 

1% Typical 

• Optimized layout for excellent high speed 

signal integrity 

• Protection for the following IEC standards: 

IEC 61000-4-2 (Level 4) 

• Low ESD clamping voltage 

• NIV prefix for automotive and other 

applications requiring unique site and control 

change requirements; AEC-Q101 qualified and 

PPAP capable 

• This is a Pb-free device 

1 

2 

3 

6 

4 

(Top View) 

Pin Configuration and Schematics 

6 

5 

4 

Pin 1 

D+ HOST 

Pin 3 

D− HOST 

APPLICATIONS 

• Automotive high speed signal pairs 

• USB2.0/3.0 

• LVDS 

• HDMI 

• APIX2 

Pin 2 − 5 V 

Pin 6 

D+ 

Pin 4 

D− 



Pin 2 − 5 V 

Pin 5 − GND 

Miniature Circuit Breakers with Unique Features 

Serving the automation and control industry since 1984! 

The UL489 series, with its exceptional electrical 

ratings, is the ideal solution for branch circuit 

protection. These current limiting circuit 

breakers minimize the short circuit current to 

a relative small amount in an extremely short 

time. This limits the short circuit’s potential 

harmful energy. The current limiting attribute 

was recently confirmed by UL tests. 

The UL508 manual motor controller/supplementary 

protector offers a unique way of protecting 

various loads including single phase motors and 

any components in the control circuit of a UL508A 

industrial control panel. The supplementary 

protectors tested according to UL1077 are suited 

for any control circuit and supplemental protection. 

The UL489 miniature molded case circuit breakers 

come in AC and DC versions. The AC version is 

dual voltage rated from 0.3A to 63A at 240V AC 

and 0.3A to 32A at 480Y/277V AC. The DC 

version is rated from 0.3A to 63A at 125V DC 

(1 pole) and 250V DC (2 pole). Combining the AC 

voltages in one design along with the industry 

unique dual terminal design for accepting standard 

wire along with ring tongue terminal wire 

keeps the flexibility up and the stocking requirements 

down. The unique housing characteristics 

are featured in each of the UL489, UL508 and 

UL1077 versions and make the circuit protection 

side of a UL508A panel look uniform and clean. 

The offering is completed by the largest line 

up of IEC style busbars with UL approval. The 

busbars are rated in AC and DC to accommodate 

the respective voltages in the miniature circuit 

breaker series. 

FEATURES/BENEFITS 

Current Limiting Confirmed by UL Tests 

Industry ONLY dual wire terminal connection 

(cage clamp and ring tongue compatibility 

combined in one design); no need to special 

order ring tongue versions! 

• Terminal barriers are serviceable 

• Individual part numbers printed on each 

breaker 

• Clear protective marking area cover 

• Dual voltage (480Y/277V and 240V AC) design 

greatly reduces stocking requirements 

• DC version available up to 250V DC 

• Branch circuits 

• Motors 

• Transformers 

• Heaters 

• Control circuits 

• Outlets 

APPLICATIONS 




5


40V and 60V StrongIRFET Logic-Level Gate Drive 

Infineon introduces an extension of the successful StrongIRFET family 

for battery-powered applications. The logic-level gate drive allows 

designers to drive MOSFETs with only 5V VGS. This is ideal in 

applications where standard gate drive is not available such as 

brushed motor drives, BLDC motor drives and battery-powered circuits. 

The family maintains the same characteristics of the StrongIRFET 

family, including low R DS(ON) for reduced conduction losses, high current 

carrying capability for increased power capability, and rugged silicon for 

robustness. 

The flagship product is the IRL7472L1, which is available in the proprietary 

Large Can DirectFET package, enabling the lowest R DS(ON) 

in the market 

(0.97mΩ max at 4.5V) for a 67mm 2 solution. The DirectFET features 

excellent top-side cooling, low package profile, and contains zero lead 

which complies with future RoHS requirements. 

• Designed for industrial applications 

• Ideal for low switching frequency 

• High current carrying capability 

• 4.5V logic level optimized 

• Rugged silicon 

• Low R DS(ON) 

• Brushed motor drive applications 

• BLDC motor drive applications 

• Battery-powered circuits 

• Light electric vehicles 

• Power tools 

• Electric toys 

FEATURES AND BENEFITS 

APPLICATIONS 

R DS(ON) (mΩ) 

R DS(ON) 

vs. V GS 

40 

35 

30 

25 

20 

15 

10 

5 

0 

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 

V GS Voltage 

Logic-level R DS(ON) 

curve vs. standard R DS(ON) 

curve 

IRL40B212 

IRFB7534 

VGS = 4.5V 

Part Number 

Breakdown Voltage 

(V) 

Package (Outline) 

Current Rating 

(A) 

R DS(ON) typ/max at 4.5V 

(mΩ) 

IRL7472L1TRPBF 40 Large Can DirectFET package (L8) 375 0.59/0.97 

IRL7486MTRPBF 40 Medium Can DirectFET package (ME) 209 1.25/2.00 

IRL40B209 40 TO-220 195 1.25/1.60 

IRL40B212 40 TO-220 195 1.90/2.40 

IRL40S212 40 D2-PAK 195 1.90/2.40 

IRL40B215 40 TO-220 120 2.70/3.50 

IRL60B216 60 TO-220 195 1.90/2.20 



6 



Space and Power Saving PowerPAK ® 8x8L Package 

AEC-Q101-Qualified for Automotive Applications 

Vishay’s SQJQ402E, the industry’s first AEC-Q101 qualified, 100% 

lead-free MOSFET in 8 x 8mm footprint, offers high temperature 

operation to +175°C providing the ruggedness and reliability required 

for automotive applications. 

The internal construction of the device’s PowerPAK 8x8L 8 x 8mm package 

minimizes inductance and enables a low maximum on-resistance of 1.5mΩ 

at 10V and 1.8mΩ at 4.5V. Additional design features also provide very 

high continuous drain current capability up to 200A. 

The device also features gull-wing leads specifically designed to reduce 

PCB solder joint stress caused by the wide range of operating temperatures 

commonly experienced in automotive applications. 

To save PCB space and costs, and enable the creation of smaller and lighter 

modules in applications where multiple MOSFETs are often required, the 

SQJQ402E offers similar on-resistance and higher continuous current than 

devices in the D 2 PAK, while providing a 60% smaller footprint area and 

60% thinner profile. 

To save power, the SQJQ402E offers half the on-resistance, twice the 

current, and a 21% smaller profile than devices in the DPAK, all with only 

a 12% larger footprint. 

The SQJQ402E signals the release of an extensive roadmap of MOSFETs that 

will allow designers to exploit the benefits of this package in a multitude 

of automotive applications such as motor drives, electric power steering, 

transmission control, and injector drives. 

SQJQ402E in PowerPAK 8x8L 

FEATURES 

• Very low package resistance contributes to low R DS(ON) and reduces 

paralleling requirement 

• Gull-wing leads provide stress relief during temperature cycling 

+175°C max junction temperature 

• 200A absolute max continuous drain current capability 

• 100% lead-free 



SQJQ402E – 40V, 1.7mΩ in PowerPAK 8x8L 

Achieves similar or lower R DS(ON) in 58% smaller package than D 2 PAK 

PowerPAK 8x8L 

(8 x 8 x 1.9mm) 

VDS 

40V 

ID Max (TC = +25°C) 

R DS(ON) - 10V Max 

Qg Typ. 

R DS - Q g FOM 

200A 

1.7mΩ 

169nC 

220mΩ-nC 

D 2 PAK 

Height 

4.5mm 

Height 

PPAK 8x8L 

Height 

1.9mm 

PPAK 8x8L 

200A 

64mm² 

Footprint 

D 2 PAK 

120A 

155mm² 


7


eCall Your Future 

VARTA 

THE BATTERY EXPERTS 

In an accident or in distress, the emergency 

call (eCall) system in our cars wirelessly 

transmit our precise location, direction of 

travel, exact time and number of occupants 

as it sends a call for help. Nowhere is wireless 

technology needed more than in car accidents 

and the universal cry is revamping the 

communication systems around the world. 

Emergency call systems save more than lives – 

they expedite medical aid diminishing severe 

injury complications, shorten traffic jam time, 

conserve gasoline and they save municipalities 

money. These signals can be automatic – 

triggered by severe impact – or manual – when 

the distress button is pressed. 

If all cars were equipped with these devices – 

sensors and the standardization of communication 

systems were in place – countries would save 

billions of dollars a year and hundreds of 

thousands of lives. The quicker response would 

mitigate the severity of hundreds of thousands of 

injuries – giving many better recovery prospects. 

Faster response enables faster clearance of 

crash sites with fewer traffic jams, reduced risk 

of secondary accidents, and savings on fuel with 

lower CO2 emissions. 

Telematics technology for vehicle systems – 

wireless data delivery, route advisories, traffic 

information and public safety answering point 

systems – will soon be universalized with 

standardization in communication protocols. 

Future Electronics in partnership with VARTA 

Microbattery, Inc. can provide a variety of battery 

chemistries to fit these types of critical vehicle 

applications. VARTA’s engineers and consultants 

are meeting the demands of OEMs – small and 

large. Future Electronics and VARTA are ready 

to work with you to help design a successful 

finished product with extensive engineering and 

Best-In-Class consultation. 



HEC and HEC2 Harsh Environment Connectors 

Power Dynamics Inc. waterproof harsh 

environment series HEC and HEC2 are 

designed for rugged indoor and outdoor 

applications, and feature easy to use and 

assemble components. All are highly resistant 

to UV rays, chemicals, and shock/vibration. 

Both series feature bayonet locks for easy 

locking and unlocking. 

The HEC series consists of a keyed multi-pin 

configuration that includes 3 power and 4 signal 

plus ground. The contacts are rated up to 20A, 

400V UL and 25A VDE with signal contacts 3A, 

60Vmax. The mated connectors are rated for 

immersion beyond 1m (IP68) and protected from 

steam-jet cleaning (IP69K). 

The HEC2 series are miniature connectors 

rated up to 2A, 175V and have 8 contacts. The 

receptacle remains waterproof (IP67) while 

unmated. The contacts are sealed in a touchproof 

design, providing even more protection 

from debris and rugged use. 

FEATURES 

HEC 

• IP68 and IP69K rated 

• Up to 20A per contact (UL) 

• Power and signal contacts 

• 1000 minimum mating cycles 

• Bayonet lock 

HEC2 

• Capless IP67 rating (receptacle) unmated 

• 5000 minimum mating cycles 

• Up to 2A per contact 

• 8 contacts 

• Bayonet lock 



APPLICATIONS HEC and HEC2 

• Instrumentation 

• Robotics 

• Industrial control 

• Test and measurement 

• Agriculture 

• Transportation 

• Security 

8 



Yageo Automotive Product Family 

The ever increasing presence of electronics in 

the automotive environment requires a wide 

diversity of passive components possessing 

advanced product characteristics and superior 

reliability. 

Not only are established systems like engine 

control, power steering, transmission, climate 

control, and lighting undergoing monumental 

changes, but relatively new systems, such as 

car-to-car communications, driver assistance, 

and self-parking are experiencing similar 

transformations which call for a greater number 

of resistors and capacitors. 

Yageo has introduced the automotive grade 

MLCCs in two temperature characteristics: NPO 

and X7R. The AC Automotive series features 

excellent long term reliability and improved 

mechanical properties. As a discrete part or 

within an array, this series covers the products 

required within infotainment and comfort and 

convenience applications. 

For the majority of automotive applications, the 

workhorse solution has been the standard AC 

series of chip resistors thick film technology. 

Only a specially designed solution manufactured 

using selected materials can meet the needs of 

harsh environmental conditions in safety systems 

where sulfur may be a challenge. Yageo has the 

ultimate solution, the AA chip resistor series. 

High precision resistors working under humid 

conditions must meet unsurpassed reliability 

standards. Thin film AT series resistors from 

Yageo are the perfect choice for circuitry in 

power steering, instrument clusters, ECU, and ABS. 



Thin Film 

Automotive Grade 

AT Series 

FEATURES/BENEFITS 

• AEC-Q200 qualified 

• 100% performed by automatic optical inspection 

• Capable of performing under the most 

demanding of conditions 

• Mass production under TS 19649 certification 

• Superior resistance against sulfur-containing 

environments 

• High precision and stability 

APPLICATIONS 

• Automotive electronics 

• Industrial and medical equipment 

• Test and measuring equipment 

• Telecommunications 

QuasarBrite T-5mm Ultra Bright LED Indicators 

APPLICATIONS 

These LED indicators are an industry standard 

T-5mm package design and are able to be 

designed into any applications where standard 

T-5mm LED indicators are used, but require 

more light output applications of end uses. 

• Industrial controls: safety control panel 

• Automotive: battery indication, brake lighting 

• Medical: dental equipment 

• Construction: outdoor signage equipment 

• The QuasarBrite T-5mm ultra bright LED 

indicators serve in a wide variety of markets 

and applications 

Part Number 

SSL-LX5093UWC/H 

Emitted 

Color 

Cool 

White 

Chip 

Material 

Peak 

Wavelength 

(nm) 

Lens 

Type 

Typ. 

Vf 

Intensity 

Typ. 

(mcd) 

View 

Angle 

2x 

Theta 

I f 

(mA) 

InGaN - Clear 3.2 27000 15 20 

SSL-LX5093USBC/G Blue InGaN 465 Clear 3.4 15000 15 20 

FEATURES 

• High brightness suitable for outdoor 

• Standard T-5mm package design 

• Clear lens with more color clarity 

• Operating temp up to +85°C, suitable for 

outdoor and extreme temperature 

environments 

SSL-LX5093SYC + G Yellow AllnGaP 595 Clear 2.1 16500 12 20 

SSL-LX5093SIC + G Red AllnGaP 630 Clear 2.1 15000 15 20 



SSL-LX5093UPGC + G Green InGaN 520 Clear 3.2 40000 15 20 


9


CUI has announced a line of compact 5W 

wall-plug adapters with an integrated USB 

connector, aimed at the North American, 

Japanese and European markets. 

The SWI5-5-N-I38 and SWI5-5-E-I38 are 

designed to meet the stringent new average 

efficiency and no-load power requirements 

mandated by the US Department of Energy. 

The purpose of these new Level VI standards, 

which are set to go into effect on February 10th, 

2016, is to markedly lower the amount of power 

consumed when the end application is not in 

use or is no longer connected to the system. Any 

manufacturer seeking to market an end product 

with an external adapter in the US must comply 

with Level VI. 

CUI’s SWI5-5-N-I38 and SWI5-5-E-I38 power 

adapters provide a ready made solution for Level 

Compact 5W USB Wall Plug Adapters Comply 

with Level VI Standard 

VI compliance. With a footprint as small as 

64.9 x 36 x 22.5mm, the compact AC/DC converter 

design is ideally suited to portable consumer 

applications. 

The 5W adapters provide single 5V DC regulated 

outputs from a wide universal input voltage 

range from 90V AC to 264V AC. No-load power 

consumption is


World’s Smallest Low Noise Current Sensing Resistor 

In high frequency electronics, unwanted noise 

added by the components themselves can 

become a significant issue. In order 

to address this, Susumu offers longer 

side terminal low resistance chip current 

sensing resistors. 

Their equivalent series inductance is so small 

that the signal integrity is preserved without 

adding extra noise. Susumu’s current sensors 

are also known to be the best in market in heat 

distribution and heat dissipation. 

Reduced Noise 

FEATURES 

• Smallest for wattage 

• Excellent heat dissipation 

• Low ESL – low noise 

• Excellent current-surge tolerance 

• Offered in sizes: 0402-4320 

• Resistance range 1mΩ to 100Ω 

• Resistance tolerance as low as ±0.5% 

• RoHS compliant 

• Offered in two configurations – longer and 

shorter side terminal 

Temperature Increase 

Per Watt (°C/W) 

35 

30 

25 

20 

15 

10 

5 

Temperature Increase by Power (°C/W) 

APPLICATIONS 

• Any application that requires current sensing 

raw resistance resistors such as protection and 

control circuits 



Long-side terminal: 

Competitor’s 

Short-side terminal: 

RL1220S-R10-F 

Long-side terminal: 

PRL1220-R10-F 

Picture 1 with shortside 

terminal 

Picture 2 with long-side 

terminal 

0 

1 2 3 4 5 6 

Applied Power (W) 

INDUSTRIAL GRADE 

Panasonic Industrial SD Cards are designed for high-performance 

and high-reliability. For high-intensity applications, you need a card 

that is truly industrial grade. 

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STORAGE MEDIA

DESIGN NOTE 

A Short History of Automotive Transmissive Sensors and Their Evolution 

By: Jim Toal, Director, Regional Marketing - Americas, Vishay Semicondutor, Optoelectronics Group 

The Pre-Triassic Period 

At the dawn of the present era, transmissive 

sensors in automotive systems took the form of an 

emitter-detector pair in through-hole packaging 

that was wave-soldered to a printed circuit 

board. The emitter and detector were facing each 

other so that if anything came between them, the 

output current of the photodiode or phototransistor 

would change. This change would be relayed to 

a controller and something would happen: a 

motor would start or stop, an indicator light 

would turn on or off, or a bag of chips would fall 

to the bottom of a vending machine. 

The Triassic Period 

The position of the discrete components could be 

difficult to precisely control. One might be higher 

than the other or at a slight angle; the leads 

might be bent, or during handling they would 

become disoriented. This posed a problem for the 

system because the output current 

from the detector 

would vary from 

board to board. 

The controller 

was looking for a 

certain signal level 

and, without an exact orientation, it wouldn’t get 

it. An evolutionary leap was ushered in by Vishay, 

which molded the discrete components in a 

common plastic housing 

to ensure exact orientation. 

This required 

several different package 

versions, each with a 

different gap between 

the emitter and detector, with a photodiode or 

phototransistor output, and with a different lead 

bend for horizontal or vertical gaps. These sensors 

were (and are) called transmissive sensors or 

slotted interrupters. 

The Jurassic Period 

With more and more board assemblies going 

with pure surface mount components, the leads 

of the through-hole packages had to be bent so 

they could also be surface mounted. The plastic 

used in the housings had to change in order to 

withstand a +260°C reflow solder temperature. 

Horizontal slotted packaging did not evolve, and 

retained the form of a through-hole package. 

While many suppliers stopped evolving at this 

point, Vishay continued to push the envelope of 

device capabilities. 

The TCPT- and TCUT1300X01 Period 

Automotive customers needed a transmissive 

sensor that could operate at higher temperatures 

and was qualified to AEC-Q101 standards. The 

molding compound of the emitter and detector 

limited the operating temperature. Based on the 

techniques used in Origami, Vishay designed a 

lead-frame based, custom formed sensor that 

used emitter and detector chips without lenses. 

With a gap of 3.0mm and tightly controlled chip 

placement, the operating temperature increased 

from a 

maximum 

of +85°C 

to +105°C. 

Following the 

Orwellian 

theory of 

one detector good, two detectors better, Vishay 

created a transmissive sensor with two detector 

windows. With two detectors, steering angle 

sensors could not only detect a code wheel 

but could also determine direction and speed, 

which is critical input to electronic stability 

control units. 

The advantage of this sensor’s construction over 

standard slotted interrupters includes: 

• Tighter tolerances of package outline 

dimensions and contact pads 

• Tighter tolerance of optical axis 

• Better co-planarity of contact pads for 

mounting to PCB 


Ever-demanding automotive customers needed 

the sensor to operate at still higher temperatures, 

to work in near-engine compartments and harsh 

environments up to 125°C. With some inspired 

design changes, Vishay was able to manufacture 

transmissive sensors that met this specification. 

In addition, the typical output current was 

increased from 0.6mA to 1.6mA. 


Imagine the lowly knob on your dashboard which 

controls the radio volume or the menu of your 

control display. It is an appendage that commands 

little thought when not being turned or pushed. 

Yet lately Vishay Opto has given that knob a great 

deal of thought, especially that push function. 

Back in the day, designers could use the 

TCPT1300X01 

sensor to 

determine the 

position of the 

knob but would 

have to design 

completely separate circuitry for the push. Not 

anymore. The transmissive sensor has evolved 

further to the TCPT- and TCUT1600X01 which has 

a deeper channel that enables design engineers 

to redesign their code wheel to include a push 

function. The channel still has a gap width of 

3mm and two detector windows, but the depth 

has increased from 2.8mm to 4.5mm. 

The TCUT1630X01 Period 

While the increased dome height of 4.5mm will 

be sufficient for some applications, automotive 

customers need the added capability to be able 

to change the resulting action depending on the 

position of the knob when it is pushed. To fully 

meet this requirement, a third detector and third 

window has been added. The overall size of the 

sensor has increased to enable this additional 

feature. While it is a 3-channel transmissive 

sensor, it is still an incremental encoder. 

The Fully Evolved TCUT1800X01 

The TCUT1800X01 is a 4-channel 

transmissive sensor designed for 

incremental and absolute encoder 

applications. The sensor combines 

two infrared emitters with four 

detector channels in a small, 

5.5 x 5.85 x 7mm surface mount package. In 

combination with an application specific code 

wheel or strip, the sensor is ideally suited for 

a wide range of applications such as rotary 

switches, incremental turn switches, and speed 

and motion control systems. The integration of 

four channels into the automotive-qualified 

package also makes this sensor an excellent 

choice for more complex applications such as 

12 


DESIGN NOTE 

automotive steering wheel encoding, where 

multiple channels or channel redundancy is 

required. 

Depending on the application, the sensor can 

work as an absolute encoder or incremental 

encoder. The difference between both operating 

modes is shown in Figure 1. Used as an absolute 

encoder, the TCUT1800X01 provides up to 16 

different binary states. The application can 

decode this binary code and can directly translate 

this information to know at which of the 16 

different positions the object is located. 

A typical example for this could be climate control 

knobs in a car. The 16 positions can be used 

to turn on the air conditioning or heater, and 

select for up 16 levels of airflow. The 16 positions 

could be used to not only select temperature but 

blower speed at different combinations of air 

vent locations. 

For applications requiring more than 16 stages, 

incremental encoding could be the solution. 

Unlike absolute encoding, incremental encoding 

does not provide an exact position. It can provide 

the relative distance the code wheel or strip 

moved and in which direction. 

This information can be processed by a microcontroller 

counting up or down to virtually generate 

an unlimited number of stages. 

The incremental encoder example shows 

transitions that occur every 45° of rotation. This is 

twice the resolution of dual channel sensors which 

have only 90° phase shift information. The sensor 

can also be used as a fail-safe in safety related 

applications. For example, Ch1 and Ch2 have a 

phase shift of 90° while Ch3 and Ch4 are used to 

sense the same phase shift. The sensor could be 

used in applications where two channels are used 

for incremental encoding and two channels are 

used for absolute encoding. 

Samples are available for all the sensors 

mentioned in this article. The TCUT1600X01 

will be introduced in November while the 

TCUT1630X01 and TCUT1800X01 will be released 

in January. 

Center Console 

Environmental Controls 

Absolute Binary 

CH4 

CH3 

CH2 

CH1 

Incremental 

Steering Angle 

CH4 

CH3 

CH2 

CH1 

Ignition Position 

Figure 1 

For more information, to receive datasheets, application notes or to buy products, go to www.FutureElectronics.com/FTM 


13

DESIGN NOTE 

NXP UJA1169 - Mini CAN System Basis Chip Family 

UJA1169 mini HS-CAN SBC with 

High Current Capability and Optional 

Partial Networking Support 

Housed in a small leadless HVSON20 package, the UJA1169 SBC product 

family offers a highly integrated and flexible solution 

with HS-CAN interface including CAN FD active 

communication up to 2Mbit/s together with an 

integrated 5V or 3.3V low-dropout regulator with 

250mA output current capability for microcontroller 

and/or other loads. The UJA1169 variants also provide a number of 

additional functions like a watchdog, an external 5V sensor supply, 

selective wake-up for Partial Networking support and many more. 

Key Features and Customer Benefits 

• ISO 11898-6:2013 compliant HS-CAN including CAN FD active 

communication up to 2Mbit/s and low short circuit current of 54mA 

• Optional Partial Networking and CAN FD passive support 

• Autonomous bus biasing according to ISO 11898-6:2013 

• Fully integrated 5V or 3.3V low-dropout regulator with 250mA 

output current capability 

• Enhanced thermal distribution with external PNP transistor 

• Second integrated 5V low dropout regulator for up to 100mA 

• Optional protected 5V sensor supply variant for off-board usage 

• Stand-by and sleep mode with very low supply current 

• Remote and local wake-up capability 

• LIMP output to signal system failures 

• Mode control via the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI bus) 

• Watchdog with Window, Timeout and Autonomous modes and 

microcontroller-independent clock source 

• Easy and secure customer programmable configuration of selected 

functions via non-volatile memory 

• Support for microcontroller RAM retention down to a battery 

voltage of 2V 

• Leadless HVSON20 package (3.5mm x 5.5mm) with improved Automated 

Optical Inspection (AOI) capability and low thermal resistance 

• Full software compatibility with the UJA116x product family 

• Qualified in accordance with the AEC-Q100 Rev-G standard 

• Excellent EMC and ESD performance, compliant with industry standards 

(IBEE for G5 and SAE) 

Designed for Automotive Applications 

• Sun roof control modules 

• Seat control modules 

• Gear shift control 

• Transmission control units 

• Midsize body control computers 

• Small headlight modules 

• Center stack modules 

• HVAC applications 

• Engine control modules and many more 

UJA1169 Functional Description 

The UJA1169 is a mini high speed CAN System Basis Chip product family 

containing an ISO11898-2:201x (upcoming merged ISO 11898-2/5/6) 

compliant HS-CAN transceiver together with an integrated 5V or 3.3V 

low-dropout regulator supply (V1) for a microcontroller and/or other loads, 

scalable up to 250mA. It also features a watchdog and a SPI. The UJA1169 

can be operated in very low current stand-by and sleep modes with bus 

and local wake-up capability. 

The UJA1169 comes in six different variants as depicted in the variant table 

below. The UJA1169TK, UJA1169TK/F, UJA1169TK/3 and UJA1169TK/F/3 

variants feature a second on-board 5V low dropout regulator (V2) that 

supplies the internal CAN transceiver and can also be used to supply 

additional on-board hardware. 

The UJA1169TK/X and UJA1169TK/X/F are equipped with a 5V supply 

(VEXT) for off-board components. VEXT is short circuit proof to the battery, 

ground and negative voltages. The integrated CAN transceiver is supplied 

internally via V1, in parallel with the microcontroller. 

UJA1169 Variant Table 

Features 

Types 

Stand-By 

Mode 

Sleep 

Mode 

LDO 

(5V) 

LDO 

(3V3) 

SPI 

On-Board 5V 

CAN supply 

External 5V 

Supply 

Partial 

Networking 

CAN FD 

Active 

CAN FD 

Passive 

LIMP 

UJA1169TK X X 250mA X 100mA 2Mbps X 

UJA1169TK/X X X 250mA X 100mA 2Mbps X 

UJA1169TK/F X X 250mA X 100mA X 2Mbps X X 

UJA1169TK/X/F X X 250mA X 100mA X 2Mbps X X 

UJA1169TK/3 X X 250mA X 100mA 2Mbps X 

UJA1169TK/F/3 X X 250mA X 100mA X 2Mbps X X 

14 


DESIGN NOTE 

BAT 

NXP’s LDO 

high BW loop with 

internal power device 

low BW loop for external 

PNP control 

NXP PNP 

PHPT 61003PY 

in small LFPAK 

The UJA1169 is designed with a unique fast internal push-pull regulator, 

offering thermal management via an optional external PNP transistor. 

The external control loop stays always stable independently of the physical 

location of the PNP and the detailed characteristic of that PNP. For a better 

distribution of the power dissipation on the PCB this feature allows more 

distance between the UJA1169 and the PNP in order to prevent thermal 

hot-spots, as shown in the picture below. 

V1 

V1 

Heat Spreading 

additional timing parameters defining loop delay symmetry are included. 

This implementation enables reliable communication in the CAN FD fast 

phase at data rates up to 2Mbit/s. 

A dedicated LIMP output pin is provided to flag system failures. 

A number of configuration settings are stored in non-volatile memory. This 

makes it possible to configure the power-on and limp-home behavior of the 

UJA1169 to meet the requirements of different applications. The UJA1169 

also includes dedicated modes for software development and end-of-line 

flashing. 

Battery 

KL30 

Battery 

KL15 

e.g. 47k 

e.g. 

22µF 

10nF 

33k 

UJA1169 Application Diagram 

LIMP 

11 

WAKE 

12 

10k 

PHPT61003PY 

1.6 

10nF 

VEXCTRL VEXCC 

BAT 

14 

15 6 

5 

V1 

e.g. 

47nF 

SCSN 

20 

SDO 

9 

SCK 

10 

SDI 

3 

e.g. 

6.8µF 

I/O 

I/O 

I/O 

I/O 

VDD 

µC 

+ 

CAN 

CAN 

bus 

RT 

RT 

e.g. 

100pF 

e.g. 

4.7pF 

CANH 

18 

8 

2 

7 

RSTN 

TxD 

RxD 

I/O 

TxD 

RxD 

GND 

e.g. 

100pF 

CANL 

17 

1, 4, 16, 19 

GND 

13 

V2/ V2: e.g. on-board peripherals 

VEXT VEXT: e.g. off-board sensor supply 

e.g. 

6.8µF 

SBC 

External PNP 

The UJA1169xx/F variants support ISO 11898-6:2013 and ISO 11898-2:201x 

compliant CAN Partial Networking with a selective wake-up function 

incorporating CAN FD-passive. 



CAN FD-passive is a feature that allows CAN FD bus traffic to be ignored in 

sleep/stand-by mode. CAN FD-passive partial networking is the perfect fit 

for networks that support both CAN FD and classic CAN communications. 

It allows normal CAN controllers that are not able to communicate CAN FD 

messages to remain in partial networking sleep/stand-by mode during 

CAN FD communication without generating bus errors. 

The UJA1169 implements the standard CAN physical layer as defined in 

the current ISO 11898 standard (-2:2003, -5:2007,-6:2013). Pending the 

release of the upcoming version of ISO 11898-2:201x including CAN FD, 


15

DESIGN NOTE 

Self-Protecting MOSFETs Deliver Improved Reliability in the Harsh 

Environment of Automotive Applications 

By: Ian Moulding, Automotive Marketing Manager 

While it’s been said many times before, the 

automotive electrical environment is tough! 

As demonstrated in Figure 1, the nominal 

battery voltage of an automobile can vary 

from -12VDC, under reverse battery condition, 

to +125VDC due to load transients and 

inductive field decay. Factor in wide 

variations in operating temperature, numerous 

interconnections and an open environment 

that is subject to possible ESD damage 

from human interactions, and you have an 

operating environment that is far more 

challenging than, for example, that of the 

consumer market segment. 

Voltage 

0 

12V nominal 

Crank 

Voltage 

6V 

Load Dump 

125V 

Noise, 

Transients 

-85V 

The automotive industry demands cost-effective 

and fully reliable solutions but this potentially 

destructive environment poses a huge challenge 

to the power semiconductor devices needed for 

the myriad of control functions that are now 

commonplace in modern automobiles. 

® 

Jump Start 

24V 

Noise, 

Transients 

Reverse 

Battery 

Figure 1. Causes of automotive battery voltage variations 

Time 

Lamp Driving 

To help cope further with transients, self-protected 

MOSFETs, such as the ZXMS6004FFQ from 

Diodes Incorporated, utilize a fully protected topology 

that incorporates over-temperature and overcurrent 

protection circuits. As can be seen in the 

block diagram in Figure 2, this is in addition to 

over-voltage and ESD input protection. This 

device leads the industry by using a small 

form factor SOT-23 package, 6x smaller than 

comparable SOT223-packaged parts. 

IN 

ESD 

Protection 

Over-temperature 

Protection 

Over-current 

Protection 

Over-voltage 

Protection 

Logic 

dV/dt 

Limitation 

Figure 2. The self-protection features of Diodes’ 

ZXMS6004FFQ MOSFET 

This self-protected MOSFET uses a temperature 

sensor and thermal shutdown circuit to protect 

against over-temperature. This circuit is active 

when the MOSFET is on and is triggered once 

a threshold temperature, typically 175°C, is 

exceeded. This turns off the MOSFET, interrupting 

the current flow to limit further heat dissipation. 

In-built hysteresis allows the output to automatically 

turn back on once the device has cooled by 

around 10°C. 

D 

S 

While these protection circuits are implemented 

independently, they nevertheless normally 

function in combination. For example, 

overcurrent regulation can operate for some time 

but may not prevent the temperature eventually 

reaching the threshold where over-temperature 

cycling will kick in. 

With their built-in protection features, selfprotected 

MOSFETs provide a cost effective 

solution for switching loads in a wide variety of 

automotive applications. Their intrinsic features 

increase system reliability while the small size of the 

SOT-23 packaged devices from Diodes Incorporated 

offers significant space and cost savings when 

compared to competitive devices. 

3 

T A 

= 25°C 

V IN 

Power semiconductors such as standard MOSFETs 

have been proven to be insufficiently rugged for 

many automotive applications. Inductive spikes 

and load dumps are transients that require either 

larger MOSFETs or external clamps to absorb 

the energy that would otherwise destroy the 

MOSFET. Both of these options add to the cost 

and complexity of discrete designs. 

Self-protected MOSFETs, as developed by Diodes 

Incorporated, address this issue with monolithic 

circuit topologies that incorporate clamping 

and other protection features to provide a more 

reliable and lower cost/smaller size solution for 

driving relays, LEDs and other inductive loads. 

An incandescent lamp has a low resistance when 

off, which rapidly increases when the lamp is 

switched on and heats up. Overcurrent protection, 

effected with a current limit circuit, not only 

protects against fault conditions but also avoids 

the high in-rush current associated with the 

lamp’s low turn-on resistance. The current limit 

circuit detects the substantial increase in MOSFET 

drain-source voltage (VDS) resulting from an 

excessive load current and reacts by reducing 

the internal gate drive and restricting the drain 

current (ID). This functionality protects the 

MOSFET and prolongs the life of the lamp and its 

behavior is illustrated in Figure 3. 

I D 

Drain Current (A) 

2 

1 

0 

5.5V 

5.0V 

4.5V 

4.0V 

3.5V 

3.0V 

2.5V 

2.0V 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 

V DS 

Drain-Source Voltage (V) 

Figure 3. Typical output characteristic showing current limit 

function 



16 


DESIGN NOTE 

Sensing High Currents of Several Hundreds Amperes 

By: Lj Ristic, Ted Stokes and Maziar Amirani, Crocus Technology 

This Design Note from Crocus Technology 

explains how MLU magnetic sensors can be 

used in industrial applications to measure 

currents from several amperes to several 

hundred amperes. 

It is well known that a simple technique for 

measuring the current flowing in a conductor is 

based on Faraday’s Law of induction. Typically 

it involves placing a coil around the conductor, 

thereby the current flowing in a conductor produces 

an output equivalent to the rate of change of 

current. Integrating this output produces a 

voltage proportional to the current, which can 

then be monitored using an instrument such as an 

oscilloscope. This approach is non-invasive and 

it does not require direct electrical connection. 

Since the coil is isolated from the current in the 

conductor being measured, the method is also 

safe for measuring high currents. However it also 

has a drawback – the coil can only generate a 

response when an alternating current is measured. 

Luckily, this limitation can be overcome by using 

MLU magnetic sensor from Crocus Technology 

that offers capability of measuring both DC and 

AC currents in the wide dynamic range from 

several amperes to thousand amperes in many 

of industrial applications. 

Closed-Loop Circuit 

Crocus has designed a closed loop solution based 

on the MLU magnetic sensor to accommodate 

measuring high currents in a wide dynamic 

range. The solution includes two CTSR218 

current sensors that are connected in differential 

mode. The sensors are physically mounted on the 

PCB under a vertically adjustable bus bar that is 

used to pass high currents. The busbar can adjust 

distance from sensors; this way the solution span 

from several amperes to a thousand amperes. 

When AC or DC current passes through the 

busbar, the sensors detect the magnetic field 

generated by current and provide an output 

voltage that is directly proportional to the 

current. Figure 1 shows the physical setup for 

this solution. 

Guiding Poles 

Sensor 

Figure 1: Physical setup for measuring high currents using 

MLU magnetic sensor 

Adjustable 

BusBar 

PCB 

The CTSR218 sensors are connected in a half 

bridge configuration (differential mode) and 

they are part of a closed-loop solution shown in 

Figure 2. The output voltage of the half bridge is 

used in the circuit to provide feedback currents 

to the input of sensors that set biasing point. The 

closed-loop circuit is designed to provide a feedback 

path for the bias currents for both CTSR218 

sensors so that both sensors are kept at the same 

bias point. This is accomplished by first sensing 

the output voltage of the half bridge circuit and 

then zeroing the sensors’ output by changing the 

input current of the sensors. The feedback in the 

field line current is used to essentially cancel the 

effects of the external magnetic field and keep 

the sensors in the set bias point. 

Biasing 

Circuit 

Rin 

Rin 

VDD 

Rout Rout 

GND 

Sensor 1 

Sensor 2 

Buffer & 

Amplifier 

GND 

By way of circuit analysis, two CTSR218 sensors 

comprise a voltage divider (Sensor1 and Sensor2) 

biased by the sensor supply (VDD). In an initial 

state of no current on the busbar and no external 

magnetic field, the sensor supply voltage is split 

by the differential sensor half bridge circuit. 

This value changes as external current (external 

magnetic field) flows in the bus bar. Due to the 

opposite placement-orientation of the sensors 

with respect to the busbar, changes of external 

magnetic field will have opposite effect on each 

of the two sensors – one will increase in resistance 

while the other will decrease. Therefore, to zero 

the output of each sensor under the effect of 

external magnetic field, the feedback currents 

will need to act opposite, one to decrease and 

the other to increase. For this reason, output of 

the half bridge is first buffered via an Op-Amp 

and then compared to a VDD/2 and then amplified. 

The output of the amplifier is then fed back 

into the sensor input in order to keep the sensors 

in their linear region. The output signal of the 

comparing circuit is the signal out of the closedloop 

circuit. 

High Currents Sensing Using Close-Loop 

Solution Based on MLU Magnetic Sensor 

The evaluation board for closed-loop solution for 

high current measurements is shown in Figure 3. 

High dynamic range from several amperes to 

thousand amperes is achieved by adjusting the 

Vref 

Vout 

Figure 2: Closed-loop solution based on two MLU magnetic 

sensors in differential mode 

distance of the busbar from the two sensors. The 

higher the current to be measured, the further 

away the busbar is placed from the sensors. 

The output signal of the closed-loop solution is 

shown in Figure 4. In this example, the measured 

current spans from 1A to 200A. One can see 

the excellent linearity of this solution with the 

non-linear error below 0.5%. To measure higher 

currents one just needs to place the busbar 

further away from sensors. 

Figure 3: Demo board showing closed-loop solution based on 

two MLU magnetic sensors in differential mode and busbar 

The Crocus sensor CTSR218 is an excellent choice 

for high current measurements. Table 1 shows 

major parameters for the CTSR218 part suggested 

for high current industrial applications. 

Amplified Output (V), Error (%) 

2 

1.8 

1.6 

1.4 

1.2 

1 

0.8 

0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

Linearity of BusBar: 99.79% 

0 

0 50 100 150 200 250 

Current on Trace (A) 

Figure 4: Output voltage as function of current; non-linear 

error

DESIGN NOTE 

External Power Supplies: How to Be Ready for Tough New Efficiency 

Standards in Effect from 2016 

By: Jeff Schnabel, Vice-President of Global Marketing, CUI Inc 

The global regulatory environment surrounding 

the legislation of external power supply 

efficiency and no-load power draw has rapidly 

evolved over the past decade since the 

California Energy Commission (CEC) implemented 

the first mandatory standard in 2004. 

With the publication of a new set of requirements 

by the US Department of Energy (DoE) 

set to go into effect in February 2016, the 

landscape is set to change again as regulators 

try to further reduce the amount of energy 

consumed by external power adapters. 

Mandating higher average efficiencies in external 

power supplies has undoubtedly had a real 

impact on global power consumption. However, 

with the benefit of a reduced draw on the power 

grid come challenges and uncertainties for the 

electronics industry as it tries to keep up with 

this dynamic regulatory environment. 

OEMs which design external power supplies 

into their products must continue to monitor 

the latest regulations to ensure that they are in 

compliance in each region where their product 

is sold. While the new standards enacted by the 

DoE will only be mandatory in the US, any OEM 

wanting to supply products in the US should be 

taking action now to ensure that they comply. 

The Evolution of Efficiency Regulation 

In the early 1990s, it was estimated that there 

were more than one billion external power 

supplies in use in the US alone. The efficiency of 

these power supplies, which mainly used linear 

technology, could be as low as 50%, and still 

drew power when the application was turned 

off or not even connected to the power supply 

(commonly known as the ‘no-load’ condition). 

Experts calculated that without efforts to 

increase efficiency and reduce no-load power 

consumption, external power supplies would 

account for around 30% of total energy 

consumption in less than 20 years. 

As early as 1992, the US Environmental Protection 

Agency started a voluntary program to promote 

energy efficiency and reduce pollution; it 

eventually became the Energy Star program. 

It was not until 2004, however, that the first 

mandatory regulation governing efficiency and 

no-load power was put in place, and there has 

been constant change since then (see Figure 1). 

Today, the US and Canada mandate Level IV 

efficiency, while Europe sets a higher Level V 

standard. From February 2016, however, the 

US DoE will require compliance with the more 

stringent Level VI standard. Power supply 

Figure 1: The development of efficiency regulations worldwide 

since 2004 

manufacturers indicate compliance by placing 

a Roman numeral on the power supply label as 

specified by the International Efficiency Marking 

Protocol for External Power Supplies version 3.0, 

updated in September 2013. This latest version 

of the Protocol provides additional flexibility on 

where the marking may be placed (see Figure 2). 

While the European Union is, as of October 2015, 

the only governing body to enforce compliance 

to the Level V standard, most external power 

supply manufacturers have adjusted their global 

product portfolios to meet these requirements. 

This is in response to the needs of OEMs to have 

a universal power supply platform for products 

that are shipped globally. 

Figure 2: Efficiency markings on external power supplies are 

governed by international protocol 

The requirement for Level VI compliance in the 

US from 2016 is likely to induce power-supply 

manufacturers to adjust their product portfolios 

again, so that they can market Level VI compliant 

products globally. How are the specifications of 

these new products different from today’s Level 

V power supplies? 

New Performance Thresholds 

Figure 3 shows in summary the how the 

efficiency thresholds for external power supplies 

have become more stringent over time. 

The internationally approved test method for 

measuring efficiency has been published by 

standards body the International Electrotechnical 

Commission (IEC) as AS/NZS 4665 Part 1 and 

Part 2. The tester is required to measure the 

input and output power at four defined points: 

25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of rated power 

output. Data for all four points are separately 

reported. An arithmetic average active efficiency 

across all four points is also calculated. 

Level No-Load Power Requirement Average Efficiency Requirement 

I 

used if you do not meet any of the criteria 

II no criteria was ever established no criteria was ever established 

III 

IV 

V 

*10 Watts: *0.5W of No-Load Power 

0-250 Watts: *0.5W of No-Load Power 

*10 Watts: *Power x 0.49 

1-49 Watts: *[0.09 x Ln[Power]] + 0.49 

48-250 Watts:*84% 

*1 Watt: *Power x 0.50 

1-51 Watts: *[0.09 x Ln[Power]] + 0.5 

50-250 Watts:*85% 

Standard Voltage Ac- Dc Models (>BVout) 

0-48 Watts: *0.3W of No-Load Power *1 Watt: 0.48 x *Power x 0.140 

50-250 Watts: *0.5W of No-Load Power 1-51 Watts: *[0.09 xLn[Power]] + 0.622 

50-250 Watts:*87% 

Low Voltage Ac- Dc Models (

DESIGN NOTE 

Some types of external power supplies are 

exempted from the scope of the standards in 

both the US and the EU, such as those for 

some medical devices, for battery chargers, 

and replacement parts for products first 

manufactured before July 1, 2008. A low-voltage 

external power supply – a unit with a nameplate 

output voltage of less than 6V and a nameplate 

output current greater than or equal to 550mA – 

will also be exempt. 

The Migration to Level VI Efficiency 

Power supply manufacturers such as CUI are 

already prepared for the coming transition to 

the more stringent Level VI standards. This has 

not only called for design modifications to meet 

tightened regulations for existing adapters, the 

new standard also expands the range of products 

within the scope of the standard. Regulated 

products will now include: 

• Multiple-voltage external power supplies 

• Products with power levels above 250W 

The new performance thresholds are summarized 

in the tables to the right. 

The new standard also defines power supplies 

as being either for direct or indirect operation. 

A direct-operation product is an external power 

supply which functions in its end product without 

the assistance of a battery. An indirect-operation 

power supply is not a battery charger, but cannot 

operate the end product without the assistance 

of a battery. The new standard only applies 

to direct-operation external power supplies. 

Indirect-operation models will still be governed 

by the limits defined by EISA2007. 

It is expected that other nations will soon follow 

the US’s lead and implement Level VI efficiency 

standards. In the EU, the mandatory European 

Ecodesign Directive for external power supplies 

is currently under revision; it is expected to 

harmonize with most, if not all, of the US 

standards. It should be expected that countries 

with existing efficiency regulations in-line with 

the US’s, including Canada and Australia, will 

also move to harmonize with the new standard. 

Summary 

The EPA estimates that external power-supply 

efficiency regulations implemented over the past 

decade have saved some $2.5bn annually and 

reduced CO2 emissions by more than 24 million 

tons per year. Moving beyond the mandated 

government regulations, many OEMs are now 

starting to demand greener power supplies as a 

way to differentiate their end products, driving 

efficiency continually higher and even pushing the 

implementation of control technologies which in 

Nameplate Output Power 

(P out ) 

Level VI: Single-Voltage External AC-DC Power Supply, Basic-Voltage 

Minimum Average Efficiency in Active 

Mode (expressed as a decimal) 

1W 0.5 x P out + 0.16 0.100 

1W 

49 W 

P out > 250W 0.875 0.500 

Maximum Power in No-Load Mode 

(W) 

Single-voltage external AC-DC power supply: an external power supply which is designed to convert line-voltage AC into lowervoltage 

DC output, and is able to convert to only one DC output voltage at a time. 


(P out ) 


(P out ) 


(P out ) 


(P out ) 

Level VI: Single-Voltage External AC-DC Power Supply, Low-Voltage 



1W 0.517 x P out + 0.087 0.100 


49 W 

P out > 250W 0.875 0.500 

Level VI: Single-Voltage External AC-AC Power Supply, Basic-Voltage 



P out < 1W 0.5 x P out + 0.16 0.210 


49 W 

P out > 250W 0.875 0.500 

Level VI: Single-Voltage External AC-AC Power Supply, Low-Voltage 



1W 0.517 x P out + 0.087 0.210 


49 W 

P out > 250W 0.875 0.500 

Level VI: Multiple-Voltage External Power Supply 



1W 0.497 x P out + 0.067 0.300 

1W 

P out > 49W 0.860 0.300 


(W) 

Low-voltage external power supply: an external power supply with a nameplate output voltage lower than 6V and nameplate 

output current greater than or equal to 550mA. Basic-voltage external power supply means an external power supply that is not a 

low-voltage power supply. 


(W) 

Single-voltage external AC-AC power supply: an external power supply which is designed to convert line-voltage AC into a lowervoltage 

AC output and is able to convert to only one AC output voltage at a time. 


(W) 


(W) 

Multiple-voltage external power supply:an external power supply which is designed to convert a line-voltage AC input into more 

than one simultaneous lower-voltage output. 

some cases eliminate no-load power consumption 

altogether. 

In late 2014, CUI began introducing Level VI compliant 

adapters to keep their customers one step 

ahead of the coming legislation. In the future, 

CUI will continue to look for ways to implement 

the latest energy-saving technologies into its 

external power supplies in order to address 

market demands and to comply with current and 

future regulations. 




19


Vulnerable Electronics in a Harsh Environment: 

What Can Go Wrong? Part II 

By David DeLeonardo, Analog Specialist AE, Future Electronics 

In this Part II, we finish with an overview 

of the other 4 most common protection 

components; provide a set of application 

tips and finish with a Device Comparison and 

Characterization Chart. In part I, we looked 

at the most common damaging events that 

threaten electronic circuits and 4 of the 8 

most common components used to address 

them. 

1. Fuses: These are the most diverse type 

of protection devices. In the types used to 

protect most electronic circuits, they range in 

size from as small as 0402 SMT devices up to 

¾” dia. cylinders 2” long.All fuses function 

in a similar manner. First, the fuse is placed 

in series with the load being protected such 

that the entire load current passes through 

a specially prepared conductive element. 

When the temperature of this conductive 

element exceeds a given value, the element 

will undergo a phase change from conductive 

solid to gas. (Metallic elements melt to a liquid 

state first.) This gas is further heated by the 

resulting arc into plasma which is then either 

harmlessly dissipated into the air around 

the fuse or “captured” within the fuse body. 

In any case, since there is no longer any 

material present to conduct current, the fuse 

becomes an open circuit and the load current 

is interrupted. The speed of this irreversible 

process can take less than a millisecond in 

the case of Fast Fuses to multiple seconds in 

the case of “slow blow” devices which are 

intentionally designed with a delayed 

response to allow for inrush and transient 

conditions. 

Fuses are not re-usable once they have been 

blown opened due to an overcurrent event. 

IEC 

IEEE/ANSI 

IEEE/ANSI 

Figure 1: Standard Symbols 

for Fuses 

2. Electronic/PTC Resettable Fuses: As in 

the case of traditional fuses, PTC Electronic 

fuses are also placed in series with the load 

to guard against overcurrent to the load. 

However, unlike traditional fuses, they can 

be activated or “tripped” many times. They 

are comprised of a conductive material 

(carbon black) mixed into a polymer binder 

that expands when heated. This thermally 

induced expansion greatly increases the 

resistivity of the overall device. This, in turn, 

limits the current into the protected circuit. 

Once conditions return to nominal, the device 

will cool down and it will return to its prior low 

resistance state. This allows the PTC to protect 

the load against multiple transient events 

without needing to be replaced. It should be 

noted however, that PTCs do exhibit some 

aging with repeated activation such that their 

nominal resistance slowly increases. This can 

lead to “thermal runaway” such that, even 

under non-fault conditions, the resistivity will 

rise to the point that the device will need to 

be replaced. However, this effect is usually not 

observed until a very large number of events 

have occurred (on the order of hundreds.) 

+t° 

Figure 2: PTC electronic 

fuse schematic symbol 

Figure 3: Disk-type PTC devices 

PTC devices range in size from small 0402 SMT 

devices that will trip at 0.1A to radial disk type 

devices that cover the mid-range of voltage and 

currents to large “blade” types that measure 

over an 1.2” x 0.4” and will trip at 50A. 

3. Inrush Current Limiters/NTC Devices: As 

in the case of the previously discussed fuses 

The parameters used to characterize fuses are not uniformly defined among 

various manufacturers but do consistently include the following: 

• Ampere Rating: the load current the fuse can conduct indefinitely without 

tripping within a set of test conditions defined by the manufacturer. 

• Voltage Rating: the maximum voltage at which the fuse can interrupt the rated 

short circuit current. 

• Cold Resistance: the resistance of the fuse when conducting no more than 

10% of the rated current. 

• Hot Resistance: the resistance of the fuse when conducting the maximum 

rated current. 

• Nominal Melting I 2 t: This is the amount of energy that is required to melt the 

fuse element under a particular set of test conditions. 

and PTCs, these devices are placed in series 

with the current into the load. However, since 

their resistance DECREASES with temperature, 

NTCs serve an opposite function. NTCs have 

HIGH resistance at lower temperatures, so 

when power is first applied to the load, they 

limit the initial input current to a safe value. 

Then, as load current passes through them, 

their temperature will increase due resistive 

heating. However, as they heat up, their 

resistance drops by orders of magnitude. This 

allows them to pass sufficient load current 

without excessive losses. They are commonly 

used in AC/DC power supplies, but are being 

displaced by more efficient FET-based solutions 

in order to meet increasingly tough efficiency 

standards. Their schematic symbol is the 

same as the PTC, but with a negative sign 

in front of the “t” indicating the negative 

temperature coefficient. 

4. Thyristors: A thyristor is a four layer 

semiconductor device that can be thought of 

as a combination of an NPN and PNP transistor 

pair connected in the following manner: 

Thyristor internal 

NPN-PNP structure 

Gate 

Gate-to-Cathode 

resistor 

Anode 

Cathode 

Bi-Directional 

Figure 4: Gate-to-Cathode resistor 

Uni-Directional 

The addition of a Gate-to-Cathode resistor (as 

shown in Figure 4) will allow the thyristor to be 

“self-triggering”. In this case, simply 

applying a voltage across the anode and cathode 

terminals (called the “Switching Voltage”) will 

cause the lower NPN structure to turn “ON” 

which turns on the upper PNP structure and thus 

“sets” or triggers the thyristor to remain on until 

the conducted current falls below the minimum 

“Holding Current” for the device. The value of 

the thyristor switching voltage should be at or 

below the peak voltage rating of the components 

being protected. This “self-triggering” characteristic 

is very desirable in circuit protection 

applications and is why most thyristors used for 

protection have a built in-resistor and are thus 

two-terminal devices. 

20 



Device Key Specifications and Relative Comparisons 

Component 

Relative Energy 

Absorbtion 

(1 to 10 scale) 

1 = smallest 

Relative Speed of 

Activation 

(1 to 10 scale) 

1 = fastest 

Device Impedance 

Prior to, During and 

After Activation 

Activated 

Voltage Range 

Activated 

Current Range 

Cycle Endurance 

ESD Diodes 1 to 3 1 

Clamp to diode voltage 

during activation; 

open circuit when 

reverse biased 

Activated upon 

biasing of diode 

junction, so 0.6V 

Using 10/1000µs 

standard pulse; devices 

range from 0.15A to 3A 

Limited by magnitude 

of applied test pulse. 

Else, undefined. 

TVS Diodes 2 to 6 2 to 4 

Depends on 

conduction mode; Diode 

when forward and Zener 

in reverse. 

From 0.6V to 570V 

per single device. Multidevice 

assemblies used 

for higher voltages 

Using 10/1000µs standard 

pulse; devices range 

from 0.25A to 15KA 

Limited by magnitude of 

applied test pulse. 


MOVs 4 to 9 3 to 5 

High impedence prior to 

activation. Clamp during 

transient, high and slightly 

reduced impedence, after. 

5V to 4.7KV 

1A to 100KA 


energy absorbed per pulse. 

Leakage current 

will increase with 

activation cycles. 

GDTs 6 to 10 4 to 8 

Open circuit prior 

to activation. Low 

impedance during 

transient. Returns to open 

circuit after transient. 

55V to 8.5KV 

Using 10/1000µs 

standard pulse; 

devices range from 

500A to 100KA 

Limited by magnitude 

of applied test pulse. 

Activations will “age” 

device. 

Fuses 

Not applicable 

Varies widely 

by device type: 

3 to 9 

Short circuit prior 

to activation; 

open circuit thereafter. 

Current activated, but 

can “break” voltages 

from 12VDC to 1000VDC 

Fuses for circuit 

protection are rated 

from 2mA to 600A 

Not resettable; 

single cycle only. 

Electronic/ 

PTC 

Resettable 

Fuses 

1 to 4 4 to 10 

Low impedance 

when “cold” and high 

impedance when “hot”. 

Current activated, 

but voltage ratings range 

from 12VDC to 600VDC 

Trip current ratings range 

from 14mA to 32A; 

hybrid devices to 60A 

Cycle endurance 

extremely high when used 

within ratings >1K 

In-Rush 

Current 

Limiters/NTC 

Devices 

2 to 4 7 to 10 

Low impedance when 

“hot”, high impedance 

when “cold”. 

Current activated, but can 

“break” voltages from 

12VDC to 1000VDC 

Resistance decreases 

exponentially with 

current. Max loads range 

from 0.1A to 50A 

Cycle endurance extremely 

high when used within 

ratings >1K 

Thyristors 2 to 5 5 to 9 

Open circuit prior to 

activation. Low 

impedance during 

transient. Returns to open 

circuit after transient. 

15V to 700V 

24A to 5KA. 

NOTE: ON state 

voltages range 

from just 1.5V to 8V. 


applied test pulse. 


Normally, the thyristor is triggered to conduct from 

anode to cathode by a current injected into the 

gate. Then, the voltage across the anode-cathode 

terminals will collapse to less than a few volts or 

so, depending on how much current is being conducted. 

The device will remain in this state until the 

current falls below a minimum “holding” current. 

Then, the device returns to its “off” state and will 

not conduct again until the next current pulse into 

the gate terminal. 

Other critical device parameters include: 

• On-State Voltage: This is the voltage across 

the anode and cathode when the full rated 

current is being conducted (typically below 5V). 

• Surge and Peak Current Rating: These are 

the currents the device can conduct without 

degradation for a given set of test conditions/ 

time durations. 

• Capacitance: Since thyristors are often 

used to protect high-bandwidth signal lines, 

the capacitance that is present between the 

anode and cathode terminals is an important 

consideration. 

Thyristors used for circuit protection range in 

size from 3.3 x 3.3mm QFN devices with trigger 

voltages as low as 25V and peak pulse 

currents as low as 100A to TO-218-3 packaged 

devices with trigger voltages of around 200V 

and peak pulse currents of 5,000A. 

Tips for Choosing a Protection Solution 

When deciding on a circuit protection strategy, 

a good place to start would be with the relevant 

Safety Agency standards and certification 

requirements for your application. Once these 

are identified, copies of the standards can be 

obtained from UL for a fee. While these are often 

only available from UL, there are a number of 

NRTLs (Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories) 

that can certify a given product’s compliance to 

nearly any UL Standard. That is, UL may write 

a given standard, but there are MANY NRTLs 

can certify compliance to that standard. Next, 

searching the sites of the leading protection device 

providers for application guides and design 

notes for your application can be a very helpful 

next step. Of course, any due diligence should 

include a review of “prior art” and how those 

established solutions have fared in field in terms 

of product failures, returns, warranty claims, etc. 

Finally, a cost-benefit analysis should be done 

to balance the usual design criteria of device 

cost reduction verses warranty and liability 

claim costs. 




21

ANALOG CORNER 

Power Regulation, Conversion and Management 

® 

BCR420U/421U: Current Regulators Simplify 

the Driving of LEDs 

BCR420U and BCR421U constant current regulators 

provide a simple means of driving low power LED strings. 

Supporting adjustable currents from 10mA to 350mA 

allows for platform designs based on a single device 

to be used across multiple LED strip applications, 

considerably easing a manufacturer’s overall 

qualification process. The 40V maximum input rating 

ensures sufficient headroom for transient supply voltages 

and allows for LED short failures on long strings. With its 

low side driver configuration, BCR421U has the added 

feature of an enable function that can adjust the light 

output level using a PWM input signal. 

XR79120: Industry’s Smallest 20A Power 

Module 

The XR79120 is a synchronous step down controller for 

point-of load supplies up to 20A. A wide 4.5V to 22V 

input voltage range allows for single supply operation 

from industry standard 5V, 12V, and 19.6V rails. With a 

proprietary emulated current mode Constant On-Time 

(COT) control scheme, the XR79120 provides extremely 

fast line and load transient response using ceramic 

output capacitors. It requires no loop compensation, 

hence simplifying circuit implementation and reducing 

overall component count. 

FEATURES 

• 10mA ± 10% constant preset current 

• 40V supply voltage 

• Low side control enabling 93% efficiency 

• Constant on-time control 

• Stable ceramic output capacitor operation 

• Constant 400kHz to 600kHz switching frequency 

• Programmable current limit with thermal 

compensation 

• Programmable soft start 

IR25750L: Current Sensing IC in SOT23 

Package 

The IR25750L is a novel current sensing IC that extracts 

the V DS(on) of a power MOSFET, or the VCE(on) of an IGBT, 

during the switch on-time. IR’s proprietary 600V HVIC 

technology then blocks the high drain voltage during 

the MOSFET or IGBT off-time. This IC allows for external 

current sensing resistors to be eliminated for reducing 

power losses and increasing overall system efficiency. 

The IC includes a gate drive input that provides VCC 

supply voltage to the IC and synchronizes the internal 

sensing circuit to the on and off times of the switch. 

Programmability and temperature compensation are also 

possible. 

FEATURES 

• V DS(on) or V CE(on) sensing 

• Enables inductance-less current sensing 

• Programmability and temperature compensation 

possible 

• Gate drive on/off sync input 

• 20.8V zener clamps on GATE and CS pins 

• Integrated ESD protection and latch immunity 

on all pins 

• Eliminates external current sensing resistors 

• 600V blocking capability 

• No V CC required 

• Filter delay at GATE turn-on (200nsec typ.) 

• Tiny 5-pin SOT-23 package 

ISL8002B: UCompact Synchronous 

Buck Regulator 

The ISL8002B is a highly efficient, monolithic, 

synchronous step down DC/DC converter that can 

deliver up to 2A of continuous output current from a 

2.7V to 5.5V input supply. It uses peak current mode 

control architecture to allow very low duty cycle 

operation. ISL8002B operates at a 2MHz switching 

frequency, thereby providing superior transient response 

and allowing for the use of a small inductor. Key 

features: programmable soft start, and output tracking 

and sequencing of FPGAs and microprocessors. 

FEATURES 

• 2.7V to 5.5V input voltage range 

• Up to 95% peak efficiency 

• 2A maximum output current 

• Selectable PFM or PWM operation 

• Over-temperature/thermal protection 

• Overcurrent, short circuit protection 

• Output tracking and sequencing 

• 2MHz switching frequency 

• Under-voltage lockout, over-voltage protection 

• 2 x 2mm TDFN package 

• 1kpcs MSRP: $1 US 

22 


Power Regulation, Conversion and Management 

ANALOG CORNER 

MAQ5300: 300mA, AEC-Q100-Compliant 

LDO for Automotive Applications 

The MAQ5300 is a new automotive AEC-Q100 qualified 

high performance low-dropout voltage regulator 

(LDO) featuring an ultra-low dropout of only 100mV at 

300mA. The MAQ5300 comes in a tiny 2 x 2mm DFN 

package and is ideal for space-constrained and highreliability 

applications that are subjected to the harsh 

environments and temperatures often encountered in 

automotive and industrial applications. It offers 2% 

initial accuracy, low ground current (typically 85µA 

total), thermal shutdown, and current-limit protection. 

The MAQ5300 can also be put into a zero-off-mode 

current state, drawing no current when disabled. 

FEATURES 

• 100mV dropout voltage at 300mA 

• 2.3V to 5.5V input voltage range 

• Stable with ceramic output capacitors 

• 30µs turn-on time 

• Thermal shutdown and current-limit protection 

• ±2% initial accuracy, ±3% over-temperature 

• 120µ V RMS output noise 

• 300mA guaranteed output current 

• 85µA total quiescent current 

• 2 x 2mm DFN package 

• 1kpcs MSRP: $0.39 US 

NCP51200: 3A Source/Sink VTT Termination 

Regulator for DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, LPDDR3, 

DDR4 

The NCP51200 is a source/sink Double Data Rate (DDR) 

termination regulator specifically designed for low 

input voltage and low-noise systems where space is 

a key consideration. The NCP51200 maintains a fast 

transient response and only requires a minimum output 

capacitance of 20µF. The NCP51200 supports a remote 

sensing function and all power requirements for DDR VTT 

bus termination. The NCP51200 can also be used in low 

power chipsets and graphics processor cores that require 

dynamically adjustable output voltages. The NCP51200 

is available in the thermally-efficient DFN10 exposed pad 

package, and is rated both Green and Pb-free. 

FEATURES 

• Supports 2.5V and 3.3V input voltage rails 

• Integrated Power MOSFETs 

• PGOOD-logic output pin to monitor VTT regulation 

• VRI-reference input allows for flexible input 

tracking either directly or through resistor divider 

• Built-in soft start, under-voltage lockout and 

overcurrent limit 

• 1.1V to 3.5V P VCC voltage range 

• Fast load-transient response 

• EN-Logic input pin for shutdown mode 

• Remote sensing (VTTS) 

BD9E301EFJ: 36V, 2.5A Integrated 

Synchronous Buck DC/DC Converter 

The BD9E301EFJ-LB is a synchronous buck switching 

regulator with built-in power MOSFETs. It supports 7.0V 

to 36V input voltage range and is capable of up to 2.5A 

output current. The D9E301EFJ-LB is a current mode 

control regulator with high speed transient response. 

Phase compensation can also be set easily. The 

D9E301EFJ-LB provides complete protection features 

including short circuit protection, under-voltage lockout 

protection, thermal shutdown, overcurrent protection, 

reverse current protection and over-voltage protection. 

FEATURES 

• 7.0V to 36V input voltage range 

• 2.5A (Max) output current 

• 170mΩ high side MOSFET ON-resistance 

• 140mΩ low side MOSFET ON-resistance 

• 1.0V to V IN x 0.7V output voltage range 

• 570kHz (typ) switching frequency 

• Under-voltage lockout protection 

• Overcurrent protection 

Sensors 

AS5147P: High Speed Rotary Position 

Sensor for Safety-Critical Automotive 

Applications 

The AS5147P is a high resolution rotary position sensor 

for high speed (up to 28krpm) angle measurement over 

a full 360° range. This new position sensor is equipped 

with a revolutionary integrated dynamic angle error 

compensation (DAEC ) with almost zero latency. The 

robust design of the device suppresses the influence 

of any homogenous external stray magnetic field. A 

standard 4-wire SPI serial interface allows a host 

microcontroller to read 14-bit absolute angle position 

data from the AS5147P and to program non-volatile 

settings without a dedicated programmer. 

FEATURES 

• DAEC dynamic angle error compensation 

• 14-bit core resolution 

• Developed per ISO 26262 SEooC 

• 3.3V or 5.0V supply voltage 

• Immune to external stray magnetic field 

• Up to 28.000rpm maximum speed 

• SPI, ABI, UVW, PWM output 

• TSSOP-14 package 




23

MAILROOM – PLEASE RECYCLE. 

If undelivered to the addressee, please route 

to the purchasing department or fax this 

back page to toll free number, 1-800-645-2953 

ISL94203 3-to-8 Cell Li-ion Battery Pack Monitor 

The ISL94203 is a Li-ion battery monitor IC 

that supports from 3 to 8 series connected cells. 

It provides full battery monitoring and pack control. 

The ISL94203 provides automatic shutdown and 

recovery from out of bounds conditions and 

automatically controls pack cell balancing. 

The ISL94203 is highly configurable as a standalone 

unit, but can be used with an external microcontroller, 

which communicates to the IC through an I 2 C interface. 

APPLICATIONS 

• Power tools 

• Battery back-up systems 

• E-bikes 

FEATURES 

• Eight cell voltage monitors support Li-ion CoO2, Li-ion Mn2O4 

and Li-ion FePO4 chemistries 

• Standalone pack control - no microcontroller needed 

• Multiple voltage protection options (each programmable to 

4.8V; 12-bit digital value) and selectable overcurrent protection 

levels 

• Programmable detection/recovery times for over-voltage, 

under-voltage, overcurrent and short circuit conditions 

• Configuration/calibration registers maintained in EEPROM 

• Open battery connect detection 

• Integrated charge/discharge FET drive circuitry with built-in 

charge pump supports high-side N-channel FETs 

• Cell balancing uses external FETs with internal state machine 

or external microcontroller 

• Enters low power states after periods of inactivity. Charge or 

discharge current detection resumes normal scan rates 

For more information or to buy products, go to www.FutureElectronics.com/FTM

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