A Study on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Use of Fly Ash, Ferric Chloride and Stone Dust

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A <strong>Study</strong> on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Use… Fig-2: Map of India showing Black Cotton & other soils II. MATERIALS USED 2.1. Samples Collection: To study the effect of fly ash, stone dust and ferric chloride on black cotton soil the samples of black cotton soil were collected from some parts of Jhansi, a district in state of Uttar Pradesh in India, samples of stone dust were collected from a Lalkuwan quarry near Haldwani district of Uttarakhand state in India and ferric chloride (FeCl3) of laboratory grade from local area of Lucknow in India. Fly ash from thermal power in Uttar Pradesh in India. 2.1.1. Properties of Black Cotton Soil: The properties of black cotton soil are listed below- Table-1 Chemical Composition of Black Cotton soil S. No. Description Range 1 Silica (SiO2) 48- 58( %) 2 Alumina (Al2O3) 13- 22( %) 3 Lime (CaO) 1- 8( %) 4 Magnesium Oxide (MgO) 1.8- 5( %) 5 Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) 7.5- 15( %) 6 Sulphates (SO4) 0.9- 2.0( %) 7 Carbonates (CO3) 0.5- 6.6( %) 8 Organic Matter 0.54 3.6( %) 9 Loss on Ignition 4.8- 16.5( %) 10 pH 6.7- 8.9 Table-2 Other properties of Black Cotton soil S. Description of Properties Value No. 1 Liquid Limit (%) 58 2 Plastic Limit (%) 24 3 Plasticity Index (%) 34 4 Specific Gravity 2.51 5 I.S. Classification CH 6 Optimum Moisture Content(OMC) 23% 7 Maximum Dry Density(MDD) g/cm³ 1.624 8 California Bearing Ratio(CBR) 1.92% 9 Free Swell Index 85 Intended percentage of addition of various materials are shown below- 21
A <strong>Study</strong> on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Use… 2.1.2. Fly ash: Fly ash content was varied from 0 to 15% by dry weight of soil with a increment of 3%. Table-3 Engineering properties of Fly ash Parameter Range Specific Gravity 1.90 – 2.55 Plasticity Non plastic Maximum dry density (gm/cc) 0.9 – 1.6 Optimum moisture content (%) 38.0 – 18.0 Cohesion (KN/m 2 ) Negligible Angle of internal friction (¢) 30 0 – 40 0 Coefficient of consolidation C v (cm 2 /sec) 1.75 x 10 -5 – 2.01 x 10 -3 Compression index C c 0.05 – 0.4 Permeability (cm/sec) 8 x 10 -6 – 7 x 10 -4 Particle size distribution (% of materials) Clay size fraction Silt size fraction Sand size fraction Gravel size fraction 1 – 10 8 – 85 7 – 90 0 – 10 Coefficient of uniformity 3.1 – 10.7 2.2.3. Ferric chloride (FeCl3): Ferric chloride (laboratory grade) content was varied from 0 to 2.5% by dry weight of soil with a increment of 0.50%. 2.2.4. Stone Dust: Stone dust content was varied from 0 to 25% by dry weight of soil with a increment of 5%. Table-4 Physical properties of Stone dust S. Description of Properties Value No. 1 Liquid Limit (%) Non Plastic 2 Plastic Limit (%) Non Plastic 3 Specific Gravity 2.57 4 Optimum Moisture Content(OMC) 7.3% 5 Maximum Dry Density(MDD) g/cm³ 1.90 6 Color Grey III. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS Test on virgin soil sample were carried out. Samples were prepared with addition of fly ash, ferric chloride and stone dust in various portions and sufficient time was given for its stabilization and again various tests like Atterberg’s limits, compaction parameters and C.B.R. were carried out. The various composition are as below- Samples Table-5 Showing different compositions of samples Composition BC1 BC2 BC3 BC4 BC5 BC6 B.C. soil+0% FeCl3+0% Fly ash+ 0% Stone dust B.C. soil+0.5% FeCl3+3% Fly ash+ 5% Stone dust B.C. soil+1% FeCl3+6% Fly ash+ 10% Stone dust B.C. soil+1.5% FeCl3+9% Fly ash+ 15% Stone dust B.C. soil+2.0% FeCl3+12% Fly ash+ 20% Stone dust B.C. soil+2.5% FeCl3+15% Fly ash+ 25% Stone dust • Liquid Limit (L.L.): The liquid limit test was conducted as per guidelines of IS:2720-:IV-1970 on treated and untreated black cotton soil samples. • Plastic Limit (P.L.): The plastic limit test was conducted as per guidelines of IS:2720-:IV-1970 on treated and untreated black cotton soil samples. • O.M.C. and Maximum dry density: This test was conducted as per guidelines of IS:2720-:VI-1974 on treated and untreated black cotton soil samples. 22
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A Study on Stabilization of Black Cotton Soil by Use of Fly Ash, Ferric Chloride and Stone Dust

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