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SHARES OF THE WORLD’S INTERNATIONALLY MOBILE STUDENTS, 2012<br />

THE UK IS THE SECOND MOST POPULAR DESTINATION IN THE WORLD FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS<br />

International Higher Education in<br />

<strong>Facts</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Figures</strong><br />

OCTOBER 2015<br />

Source: OECD (2014) Education at a Glance 1


CONTENTS<br />

1 INTERNATIONAL STUDENT TRENDS 3<br />

2 WHAT INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS WANT 8<br />

3 TNE & OUTWARD MOBILITY 13<br />

4 THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH & COLLABORATION 19<br />

5 THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION 22<br />

1


1<br />

INTERNATIONAL<br />

STUDENT TRENDS


SHARES OF THE WORLD’S INTERNATIONALLY MOBILE STUDENTS, 2012<br />

The UK is the second most popular destination in the world for international students<br />

Source: OECD (2014) Education at a Glance, tertiary-level students<br />

United States<br />

16.4%<br />

United Kingdom<br />

12.6%<br />

Germany<br />

6.3%<br />

France<br />

6.0%<br />

Australia<br />

5.5%<br />

Canada<br />

4.9%<br />

Other OECD <strong>and</strong> non-OECD countries<br />

48.4%<br />

COUNTRY 2000 2012 CHANGE<br />

United States 22.8% 16.4% -6.4%<br />

United Kingdom 10.7% 12.6% 1.9%<br />

Germany 9.0% 6.3% -2.6%<br />

France 6.6% 6.0% -0.6%<br />

Australia 5.1% 5.5% 0.4%<br />

Canada 4.5% 4.9% 0.4%<br />

Russian Federation 2.0% 3.9% 1.9%<br />

Japan 3.2% 3.3% 0.1%<br />

Spain 2.0% 2.2% 0.2%<br />

China 1.7% 2.0% 0.2%<br />

Other OECD<br />

<strong>and</strong> non-OECD<br />

countries<br />

32.6% 37.0% 4.4%<br />

4


OVERSEAS STUDENTS BY REGION OF DESTINATION<br />

The number of international students globally has more than doubled since 2000 to 4.5 Million<br />

NUMBER OF FOREIGN STUDENTS<br />

5M<br />

4.5M<br />

4M<br />

3.5M<br />

3M<br />

2.5M<br />

2M<br />

1.5M<br />

1M<br />

0.5M<br />

0K<br />

2000<br />

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012<br />

YEAR 2000 2012<br />

UK 222,936 568,816<br />

Europe (excl. UK) 712,943 1,592,058<br />

North America 569,640 961,967<br />

Asia 334,562 806,281<br />

Oceania 118,646 330,886<br />

Africa 100,031 196,568<br />

Latin America<br />

& the Caribbean<br />

28,945 71,468<br />

UK<br />

Europe (excl. UK)<br />

Oceania<br />

Africa<br />

Source: OECD (2014) Education at a Glance, tertiary-level students<br />

North America<br />

Latin America & the Caribbean<br />

Asia<br />

5


TRENDS IN NON-EU STUDENT ENROLMENT<br />

The number of international students in the UK has risen by more than a third since 2004, but growth has slowed<br />

350K<br />

NUMBER OF NON-EU STUDENTS ENROLLED IN THE UK<br />

300K<br />

250K<br />

200K<br />

150K<br />

100K<br />

50K<br />

0K<br />

134,220<br />

123,940<br />

112,215<br />

102,900<br />

104,445<br />

98,310 99,210<br />

134,660<br />

128,165<br />

111,245<br />

97,835<br />

91,610<br />

80,010 82,990<br />

24,810 24,855 26,065 27,365 27,855 28,655 29,230<br />

142,440 146,945<br />

152,355<br />

129,740<br />

121,845 124,960<br />

30,500 31,180 32,880<br />

2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14<br />

Undergraduate Postgraduate Taught Postgraduate Research<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Students<br />

6


TOP 20 COUNTRIES OF STUDENT ORIGIN, 2013-14<br />

More than one in five international students in the UK came from China in 2013-14<br />

China<br />

India<br />

Nigeria<br />

Malaysia<br />

United States<br />

Hong Kong, China<br />

Germany<br />

France<br />

Irel<strong>and</strong><br />

Greece<br />

Cyprus (EU)<br />

Italy<br />

Saudi Arabia<br />

Singapore<br />

Pakistan<br />

Spain<br />

Romania<br />

Bulgaria<br />

Canada<br />

Thail<strong>and</strong><br />

Source: HESA (2015) Students<br />

19,750<br />

18,020<br />

16,635<br />

16,485<br />

14,725<br />

14,060<br />

11,500<br />

11,490<br />

10,670<br />

10,295<br />

9,550<br />

9,060<br />

6,790<br />

6,665<br />

6,585<br />

6,515<br />

6,355<br />

6,350<br />

6,340<br />

87,895<br />

7


2<br />

WHAT INTERNATIONAL<br />

STUDENTS WANT


STUDENT SATISFACTION AND THE COST OF STUDY IN THE UK<br />

Of the top four English speaking international student destinations, a UK undergraduate education is the most affordable<br />

Overall<br />

satisfaction<br />

91%<br />

Recommend<br />

85%<br />

Arrival<br />

90%<br />

Learning<br />

88%<br />

Living<br />

87%<br />

Support<br />

90%<br />

US $<br />

45K<br />

40K<br />

35K<br />

30K<br />

25K<br />

20K<br />

15K<br />

10K<br />

5K<br />

42,093<br />

39,229<br />

36,564<br />

35,045<br />

32,140<br />

29,947<br />

Annual cost of living Annual fees Annual total<br />

16,777<br />

12,941 12,905 12,627<br />

10,729 9,460<br />

5,642<br />

Australia Singapore<br />

United<br />

States<br />

United<br />

Kingdom<br />

Source: Above: International Student Barometer, I-graduate (2015) Below: HSBC<br />

Hong<br />

Kong,<br />

China<br />

Canada<br />

France<br />

Malaysia<br />

Indonesia<br />

Brazil China Mexico India<br />

9


IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS<br />

International students choose the UK for the quality of its education<br />

PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS<br />

25%<br />

20%<br />

15%<br />

10%<br />

5%<br />

— Quality of education<br />

— Internationally recognised<br />

qualification<br />

— Career prospects<br />

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014<br />

— University reputation<br />

— Opportunity for employment while<br />

studying<br />

— Safety<br />

Source: Integration of international students: A UK perspective, British Council, 2014<br />

— Multicultural society<br />

— Opportunity to learn a<br />

new language<br />

RANK IN<br />

2014 FACTOR<br />

1 Quality of education<br />

2 Internationally recognised qualification<br />

3 Career prospects<br />

4 University reputation<br />

5 Opportunity for employment while studying<br />

6 Safety<br />

7 Multicultural society<br />

8 Opportunity to learn a new language<br />

9 Country Reputation as being desirable<br />

10 Low tuition fees<br />

11 Low cost of living<br />

12 Want to move overseas<br />

13 Qualification recogised in my home country<br />

14 Ease of obtaining a visa<br />

15 Course duration<br />

16 Friends/relatives there<br />

17 Information available<br />

18 Simplicity of course application<br />

19 Other<br />

20 Expectation of parents<br />

10


EU & INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS BY CHOICE OF SUBJECT AREA IN 2013-14<br />

The wide range of subjects international students study demonstrates the strength <strong>and</strong> diversity of the UK HE sector:<br />

from Business to Engineering, the Creative Arts <strong>and</strong> Social Sciences<br />

% of all students in subject area<br />

105,575 24,635 39%<br />

39,580 / 12,410 33%<br />

26,985 / 13,025 19%<br />

16,035 / 10,350 16%<br />

16,180 / 6,110 25%<br />

13,170 / 8,210 8%<br />

11,315 / 10,055 10%<br />

13,445 / 7,395 18%<br />

12,435 / 6,320 20%<br />

8,605 / 5,465 15%<br />

8,410 / 3,585 24%<br />

6,955 / 3,875 22%<br />

7,830 / 2,750 16%<br />

7,010 / 3,405 6%<br />

5,645 / 3,485 10%<br />

6,505 / 2,315 21%<br />

2,020 / 945 5%<br />

1,545 / 780 13%<br />

EU Non-EU<br />

950 / 190 19%<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Students<br />

11


NON-EU STUDENTS BY SUBJECT CHOICE & NATIONALITY<br />

UK universities appeal to diverse interests: Nigerian <strong>and</strong> Malyasian students prefer STEM subjects; Business is popular<br />

with Chinese <strong>and</strong> Indian students; <strong>and</strong> US students have a flair for the Arts, Humanities <strong>and</strong> Socal Sciences<br />

120,000<br />

100,000<br />

China<br />

India<br />

NUMBER OF STUDENTS ENROLLED<br />

80,000<br />

60,000<br />

40,000<br />

20,000<br />

Nigeria<br />

United<br />

States<br />

China<br />

0<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Students<br />

Business<br />

STEM<br />

Arts <strong>and</strong><br />

Humanities<br />

Social<br />

Studies<br />

Clinical<br />

India Nigeria US Malaysia Other non-EU<br />

Malaysia<br />

STEM (excl. clinical)<br />

Clinical<br />

Social Studies<br />

Business<br />

Arts & Humanities<br />

12


3<br />

TNE & OUTWARD<br />

MOBILITY


LOCATION OF TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION STUDENTS, 2013-14<br />

Hundreds of thous<strong>and</strong>s of students study for UK qualifications outside the UK<br />

North America<br />

31,970<br />

South America<br />

2,235<br />

EU<br />

75,170<br />

Africa<br />

141,630<br />

Other Europe<br />

18,910<br />

Asia<br />

308,905<br />

Middle East<br />

56,640<br />

Oceania<br />

3,390<br />

TOP 20 COUNTRIES OF ACTIVITY<br />

Total number of TNE students in 2013-14 = 638,850<br />

NON EU<br />

478,775<br />

84,905<br />

52,930<br />

EU<br />

Number of students<br />

22,240<br />

Undergraduate incl. FE Postgraduate<br />

100K 200K 300K 400K 500K 600K<br />

Number of students<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Aggregate Offshore Record * Students registered at Oxford Brookes University accounted for over 40% of the total population of the Aggregate Offshore Record in 2013-14. The majority of these<br />

students were registered with an overseas partner on Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) programmes.<br />

14


TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION STUDENTS BY NUMBER, TYPE AND LEVEL OF PROVISION<br />

UK TNE student numbers have grown by 65% since 2008: the vast majority are studying for their first degree<br />

TRENDS IN TNE NUMBERS<br />

700K<br />

500K<br />

300K<br />

First degree | 514,475 | 81%<br />

PGT | 102,005 | 16%<br />

Other UG <strong>and</strong> FE | 17,235 | 3%<br />

100K<br />

PGR | 5,140 | 1%<br />

2008<br />

-09<br />

2009<br />

-10<br />

2010<br />

-11<br />

2011<br />

-12<br />

2012<br />

-13<br />

2013<br />

-14<br />

REGISTERED WITH<br />

OVERSEAS PARTNER<br />

REGISTERED WITH UK UNIVERSITY/<br />

DISTANCE/FLEXIBLE/BLENDED<br />

REGISTERED WITH UK UNIVERSITY/<br />

OTHER ARRANGEMENTS<br />

REGISTERED WITH UK UNIVERSITY/<br />

BRANCH CAMPUS<br />

19,615<br />

119,755<br />

116,035<br />

374,490<br />

OTHER<br />

8,955<br />

NUMBER OF STUDENTS<br />

100K 200K 300K 400K<br />

NUMBER OF STUDENTS<br />

Other UG <strong>and</strong> FE First degree PGT PGR<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Aggregate Offshore Record<br />

15


ERASMUS MOBILITY TO AND FROM THE UK*<br />

The number of UK students studying <strong>and</strong> working abroad under Erasmus have doubled since 2006<br />

30K<br />

25K<br />

20K<br />

15K<br />

10K<br />

5K<br />

12K<br />

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14<br />

6,826<br />

4,458<br />

16,508<br />

7,235<br />

19,120<br />

10,278<br />

TRENDS IN ERASMUS MOBILITY TO AND FROM THE UK<br />

22,650 24,474<br />

25,760<br />

20,850<br />

10,826<br />

11,723<br />

12,833<br />

13,662<br />

27,182<br />

14,572 15,566<br />

Incoming to<br />

the UK<br />

Outgoing<br />

from the UK<br />

10K<br />

8K<br />

6K<br />

4K<br />

2K<br />

4,178<br />

3,435 4,428<br />

2,112<br />

France<br />

Spain<br />

Germany<br />

2,296<br />

1,001 1,621<br />

637<br />

913<br />

361<br />

Italy<br />

Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

Sweden<br />

630<br />

358<br />

656<br />

283<br />

650<br />

244<br />

Belgium<br />

Denmark<br />

Pol<strong>and</strong><br />

Finl<strong>and</strong><br />

Austria<br />

Czech Republic<br />

Turkey<br />

Irel<strong>and</strong><br />

Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />

Portugal<br />

Norway<br />

Greece<br />

Source: European Commission, Erasmus Statistics (2013), British Council, Erasmus statistics (2014) *Please note 2013/14 data is not yet available on inward mobility to the UK.<br />

807<br />

82<br />

643<br />

228<br />

497<br />

284<br />

582<br />

186<br />

617<br />

95<br />

454<br />

194<br />

297<br />

228<br />

338<br />

142<br />

256<br />

143<br />

272<br />

58<br />

221<br />

43<br />

Hungary<br />

Others<br />

Incoming to<br />

the UK<br />

Outgoing<br />

from the UK<br />

16


ERASMUS MOBILITY ACROSS ALL MEMBER STATES<br />

The number of students taking Erasmus work placements has almost tripled since 2007<br />

TOTAL ERASMUS PARTICIPATION<br />

300K<br />

250K<br />

200K 182,697<br />

150K<br />

162,695<br />

100K<br />

50K<br />

NUMBER OF STUDENTS<br />

268,143<br />

252,827<br />

231,408<br />

212,522<br />

213,266<br />

204,744<br />

198,523<br />

190,495<br />

177,705<br />

168,193<br />

20,002 30,330 35,561 40,913 48,083 55,621<br />

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13<br />

Study<br />

placement<br />

Work<br />

placements<br />

MOST POPULAR HOST COUNTRIES IN 2012-13<br />

SPAIN 40,202 GERMANY 30,368 FRANCE 29,293 UK 27,182 ITALY 19,964<br />

Source: European Commission, Erasmus Statistics (2013)<br />

17


NUMBERS OF NON-UK ACADEMIC STAFF<br />

The UK attracts top academics from across the globe: one in four academic staff in the UK comes from overseas<br />

ACADEMIC STAFF BY FUNCTION<br />

Teaching &<br />

research<br />

Research<br />

9,360 12,740<br />

8,310 10,665<br />

ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT<br />

FUNCTION<br />

Teaching <strong>and</strong> research 23%<br />

Research 42%<br />

Teaching 19%<br />

Neither teaching nor research 9%<br />

Gr<strong>and</strong> Total 26%<br />

% WITH NON-UK<br />

NATIONALITY<br />

Teaching<br />

4,145<br />

5,725<br />

ALL ACADEMIC STAFF<br />

22,140<br />

Neither<br />

teaching nor<br />

research<br />

95 (EU)<br />

55 (Non-EU)<br />

29,225<br />

137,650<br />

0K 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 12K<br />

Number of academic staff<br />

14K<br />

EU Non-EU Unknown domiciles have been excluded. UK European Union Non-European Union<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Staff<br />

18


4<br />

THE IMPACT OF<br />

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH<br />

& COLLABORATION


THE UK’S TOP 10 COLLABORATION PARTNERS, BY NUMBER OF CO-AUTHORED PAPERS<br />

The UK’s top collaborative partner country is the US <strong>and</strong> 13 out of the UK’s top 20 collaboration partners are EU member states<br />

9<br />

Canada<br />

21,860<br />

3<br />

France<br />

33,454<br />

6<br />

Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

24,147<br />

2<br />

Germany<br />

45,250<br />

1<br />

United States<br />

89,579<br />

7<br />

Spain<br />

23,258<br />

4<br />

Italy<br />

Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />

16,589<br />

27,789 Australia<br />

24,403<br />

10<br />

5<br />

8<br />

China<br />

22,813<br />

Source: Elsevier <strong>and</strong> BIS (2013), International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base – 2008 to 2012<br />

20


CITATION IMPACT FOR UK INTERNATIONALLY CO-AUTHORED ARTICLES<br />

WITH ITS TOP 20 COLLABORATION PARTNERS, 2008-12<br />

Bubble size is proportional to the number of co-authored publications with this partner.<br />

Bubble colour represents the field weighted citation impact (adjusted citation per paper) of these<br />

collaborations, with dark shades representing the highest field weighted citation impact.<br />

Rank<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

5<br />

6<br />

7<br />

8<br />

9<br />

10<br />

11<br />

12<br />

13<br />

14<br />

15<br />

16<br />

17<br />

18<br />

19<br />

20<br />

Country<br />

Collaborative<br />

publications<br />

FWCI<br />

United<br />

States<br />

89,579<br />

2.75<br />

Germany<br />

45,250<br />

2.75<br />

France<br />

33,454<br />

2.88<br />

Italy<br />

27,789<br />

2.77<br />

Australia<br />

24,403<br />

2.73<br />

Spain<br />

23,258<br />

2.70<br />

China<br />

22,813<br />

2.00<br />

Canada<br />

21,860<br />

3.25<br />

Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

24,147<br />

3.16<br />

Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />

16,589<br />

3.34<br />

Sweden<br />

14,131<br />

3.14<br />

Japan<br />

12,657<br />

2.51<br />

Belgium<br />

11,840<br />

3.34<br />

Denmark<br />

9,313<br />

3.46<br />

Irel<strong>and</strong><br />

8,608<br />

2.28<br />

Greece<br />

7,714<br />

2.33<br />

Austria<br />

7,092<br />

3.28<br />

Norway<br />

7,026<br />

3.01<br />

Finl<strong>and</strong><br />

6,919<br />

3.09<br />

Pol<strong>and</strong><br />

6,610<br />

3.04<br />

UK international co-authorship is associated with 61% greater field-weighted<br />

citation impact compared to UK institutional co-authorship.<br />

47.6% of UK authored published articles were co-authored<br />

with at least one non-UK researcher in 2012<br />

Source: Scopus data in Elsevier, report for BIS, “International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base<br />

21


QUALITY & IMPACT OF UK RESEARCH INTERNATIONALLY<br />

The UK has more articles per pound <strong>and</strong> per researcher than our major competitors<br />

Global<br />

population<br />

R&D<br />

expenditure<br />

Researchers<br />

Research<br />

articles<br />

Global<br />

citations<br />

World’s most<br />

highly-cited<br />

articles<br />

0.9% 3.2% 4.1% 6.4% 11.2% 15.9%<br />

Source: Elsevier <strong>and</strong> BIS (2013), International Comparative Performance of the UK Research Base – 2013<br />

22


QUALITY OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS OVER TIME<br />

The UK’s scientific research institutions are now ranked second in the world for quality<br />

1<br />

2<br />

RANKING<br />

3<br />

4<br />

5<br />

6<br />

7<br />

8<br />

9<br />

10<br />

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16<br />

Source: World Economic Forum (2014)<br />

Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />

United Kingdom<br />

Israel<br />

United States<br />

Belgium<br />

Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

Japan<br />

Germany<br />

Australia<br />

Finl<strong>and</strong><br />

Canada<br />

Denmark<br />

Sweden<br />

Qatar<br />

23


5<br />

THE ECONOMIC<br />

BENEFITS OF INTERNATIONAL<br />

HIGHER EDUCATION


TOP 10 COUNTRIES ON THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX (GII)<br />

The UK is second in the world on the GII, which measures innovation capabilities<br />

RANKING 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015<br />

1 Switzerl<strong>and</strong> Switzerl<strong>and</strong> Switzerl<strong>and</strong> Switzerl<strong>and</strong> Switzerl<strong>and</strong><br />

2 Sweden Sweden Sweden United Kingdom United Kingdom<br />

3 Singapore Singapore United Kingdom Sweden Sweden<br />

4 Hong Kong, China Finl<strong>and</strong> Netherl<strong>and</strong>s Finl<strong>and</strong> Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

5 Finl<strong>and</strong> United Kingdom United States Netherl<strong>and</strong>s United States<br />

6 Denmark Netherl<strong>and</strong>s Finl<strong>and</strong> United States Finl<strong>and</strong><br />

7 United States Denmark Hong Kong, China Singapore Singapore<br />

8 Canada Hong Kong, China Singapore Denmark Irel<strong>and</strong><br />

9 Netherl<strong>and</strong>s Irel<strong>and</strong> Denmark Luxembourg Luxembourg<br />

10 United Kingdom United States Irel<strong>and</strong> Hong Kong, China Denmark<br />

Source: The Global Innovation Index (2015), by Cornell University, INSEAD Business School & the World International Property Organisation (WIPO)<br />

25


LEVELS OF EU FUNDING UNDER FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME 7<br />

UK universities are by far the most succesful in winning EU research funding, receiving 45% more funding than any other country<br />

Germany<br />

¤2,690 ¤4,446 ¤7,136<br />

United<br />

Kingdom<br />

¤4,903 ¤2,037<br />

¤6,940<br />

France<br />

¤722 ¤4,421<br />

¤5,143<br />

Italy<br />

¤1,227 ¤2,363<br />

¤3,590<br />

Netherl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

¤1,777 ¤1,553<br />

¤3,330<br />

Spain<br />

¤779 ¤2,477<br />

¤3,256<br />

¤2,000 ¤4,000 ¤6,000 ¤8,000<br />

FUNDING IN ¤ MILLION<br />

Other organisations<br />

Source: European Commission (2013)<br />

HEIs<br />

26


RESEARCH INCOME FROM INTERNATIONAL SOURCES<br />

UK universities have grown the research income leveraged from international sources by 44% since 2009: almost a<br />

quarter of UK universities’ research income is now earned from overseas<br />

1,200K<br />

1,000K<br />

800K<br />

741,435<br />

804,114<br />

923,269<br />

1,067,600<br />

1,167,495<br />

INCOME £'000<br />

600K<br />

400K<br />

200K<br />

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14<br />

Non-EU charities<br />

EU industry<br />

Non-EU industry Non-EU other<br />

EU government bodies EU charities<br />

EU other<br />

PERCENTAGE OF ALL RESEARCH GRANTS/CONTRACTS INCOME FROM INTERNATIONAL SOURCES<br />

2009-10<br />

17.1%<br />

2010-11<br />

18.1%<br />

2011-12<br />

20.5%<br />

2012-13<br />

22.4%<br />

2013-14<br />

23.0%<br />

Source: HESA (2015) Finance<br />

27


ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NON-UK STUDENTS<br />

Non-UK students generate nearly 11 billion for the UK economy, <strong>and</strong> all UK regions benefit<br />

Ulster University<br />

£62M<br />

£34M<br />

£27M<br />

Queen’s University<br />

Belfast<br />

£61M<br />

£14M<br />

£48M<br />

International revenues<br />

Student expenditure off-campus<br />

Based on HESA data on Engl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Scotl<strong>and</strong> from 2011-12, data on<br />

Northern Irel<strong>and</strong> from 2012-13, <strong>and</strong> data on Wales from 2013-14.<br />

Scotl<strong>and</strong><br />

£837M<br />

North East<br />

£457M<br />

North West<br />

£848M<br />

Yorkshire &<br />

Humberside<br />

£802M<br />

West Midl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

£802M<br />

East Midl<strong>and</strong>s<br />

£638M<br />

East of Engl<strong>and</strong><br />

£836M<br />

London<br />

£2,500M<br />

South East<br />

£1,256M<br />

South West<br />

£558M<br />

Wales<br />

£576M<br />

£577M<br />

£260M<br />

£244M<br />

£213M<br />

£461M<br />

£387M<br />

£422M<br />

£380M<br />

£394M<br />

£408M<br />

£345M<br />

£293M<br />

£467M<br />

£369M<br />

£707M<br />

£549M<br />

£288M<br />

£270M<br />

£273M<br />

£303M<br />

£1,300M<br />

£1,200M<br />

Sources: Universities UK (2014) The impact of universities on the UK economy; Universities Scotl<strong>and</strong> (2013) Grow, export, attract, support; Universities Wales (2015) The economic impact of higher education in Wales.<br />

Universities UK (2015) The economic impact of Queen’s University Belfast <strong>and</strong> Ulster University on the Northern Irel<strong>and</strong> economy<br />

28


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978-1-84036-350-0<br />

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that regard <strong>and</strong> accept no liability for any loss of damage incurred through the use of, or reliance upon, this report<br />

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