GAMES

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[ MAKE <strong>GAMES</strong> WITH PYTHON ] ESSENTIALS [ CHAPTER THREE ] TAKING CONTROL OF THE KEYBOARD & MOUSE In chapter three, we write some code to get to grips with using our keyboard and mouse with Python and Pygame [ Taking Control of the Keyboard & Mouse ] 28
ESSENTIALS [ QUICK TIP ] Pygame has a set of handy built‐in variables for checking which keys are pressed. We’ve only used a couple, but you can find the complete list at pygame.org: bit.ly/1ycZt2i I n the first two chapters, we got to grips with the core concepts of drawing and moving shapes of all types, sizes and colours with Pygame. Now that we know our way around Pygame, we’re going to start making things that we can play with that are a more interactive. This time, we’re going to make two simple programs to learn how to use our keyboard and mouse. For our first program, we will use the keyboard; with it, we’ll draw a red square and give it some code so it can move left and right and jump, which may conjure memories of a certain heroic plumber. Our second program will use the mouse. Again, we’ll create a square which we can pick up, drag around and which, when we let go of our mouse button, will drop to the floor with the help of a little Pygame-programmed gravity. We’re focusing on game dynamics at this point, but don’t worry - later chapters will explore the more aesthetic aspects of game design! So, on to our first program - keyboard.py. In contrast to the previous chapter, we’re not going to be chopping and changing bits of code to affect the program. If you copy out keyboard.py and run it on your Raspberry Pi, it’ll run just as we intend it to. This time, we’re going to walk through the code line by line to understand exactly what each bit does for the program. Like a lot of things in computing, we are going to start at the top. The first 12 lines of code on page 32 should look pretty familiar to you by now; these are the variables we’ve used in the previous two parts to define how our window should look, and how we want to interact with Pygame and its methods. The next dozen or so lines are variables that we’ll use to determine how our keyboardcontrolled square should look and where it should be. Following that, we have two functions, move() and quitGame(), which we’ll use to move and quit the game. Finally, just as in the previous tutorial, we have our main loop where we update our game and redraw all of our pixels. What keys have we pressed? How do we know which keys are pressed and when? In the previous chapter, we imported pygame.events as GAME_EVENTS; now we get to use it. Every Pygame program we write is one big loop that keeps on running forever or until we exit the program. Every time our loop runs, Pygame creates a list of events that have occurred since the last time the loop ran. This includes system events, like a QUIT signal; mouse 29 [ Chapter One Three ] ]
Page 1 and 2: ESSENTIALS MAKE GAMES WITH PYTHON C
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Page 7 and 8: ESSENTIALS window = pygame.display.
Page 9 and 10: ESSENTIALS 400px If we had told it
Page 11 and 12: ESSENTIALS are lost when we overlap
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Page 15 and 16: ESSENTIALS Right When drawing a cir
Page 17 and 18: ESSENTIALS pygame.draw.line(window,
Page 19 and 20: ESSENTIALS I n the first chapter, w
Page 21 and 22: ESSENTIALS [ QUICK TIP ] If we want
Page 23 and 24: ectWidth ESSENTIALS window If we un
Page 25 and 26: ESSENTIALS Above This is the path t
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Page 31 and 32: ESSENTIALS Above A basic illustrati
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Page 35 and 36: ESSENTIALS Above An example of grav
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Page 45 and 46: ESSENTIALS Dictionaries are really
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Page 57 and 58: ESSENTIALS SOUND 1 Right Audio Left
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Page 69 and 70: ESSENTIALS I n previous chapters, w
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ESSENTIALS [ MAKE GAMES WITH PYTHON
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ESSENTIALS Above A diagram of all o
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ESSENTIALS Above A rightangled tria
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ESSENTIALS Above An illustration of
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ESSENTIALS Going further with game
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ESSENTIALS Right Think of classes a
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ESSENTIALS Right This is Fred. He's
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ESSENTIALS ‘We are all stardust
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ESSENTIALS Right This is a barrel.
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ESSENTIALS it’s hitting unless it
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ESSENTIALS Recap There’s been a l
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ESSENTIALS Objects.py 01. 02. 03. 0
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ESSENTIALS W e have covered a wealt
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ESSENTIALS [ QUICK TIP ] This is th
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ESSENTIALS [ QUICK TIP ] The sounds
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ESSENTIALS Above The white boxes ar
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ESSENTIALS Lines 60-61 are where we
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ESSENTIALS Ships.py 01. 02. 03. 04.
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ESSENTIALS W elcome to the final ch
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ESSENTIALS Right There are two diff
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ESSENTIALS Above A visual represent
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ESSENTIALS to do a little more obvi
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ESSENTIALS other reason), just befo
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ESSENTIALS Written by Richard Smedl
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GAMES

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