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A guide to online trading

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What are CFDs?<br />

CFDs, or contracts for<br />

difference, are a flexible<br />

alternative <strong>to</strong> <strong>trading</strong> on the<br />

price movement of<br />

thousands of global markets,<br />

including forex, indices,<br />

shares and commodities.<br />

When you trade CFDs, you<br />

don’t own the underlying<br />

product, but rather bet on<br />

the price movement of that<br />

product, which means you<br />

can take advantage of prices<br />

moving up or down in value.<br />

When <strong>trading</strong> a CFD you are<br />

<strong>trading</strong> in multiples of the<br />

value of each CFD contract.<br />

For example a UK100 CFD<br />

has a contract size of £10.<br />

This means, for every point<br />

the price moves in your<br />

favour, you gain multiples<br />

of the number of units you<br />

have bought or sold. For<br />

every point the price moves<br />

against you, you will make a<br />

loss.<br />

What are the<br />

advantages of CFD<br />

Trading?<br />

CFDs are a leveraged<br />

product, which means you<br />

only need <strong>to</strong> deposit a small<br />

percentage of the full<br />

value of your position. This<br />

is called ‘<strong>trading</strong> on margin’.<br />

While <strong>trading</strong> on margin<br />

allows you <strong>to</strong> magnify your<br />

profits, remember, losses<br />

will also be magnified as<br />

they are based on the full<br />

value of the position.<br />

This means you could lose<br />

more than the amount you<br />

placed <strong>to</strong> make the trade.<br />

This is why, when <strong>trading</strong><br />

CFDs with LCG, you have<br />

access <strong>to</strong> risk management<br />

<strong>to</strong>ols, such as guaranteed<br />

s<strong>to</strong>ps, which means you can<br />

effectively manage your<br />

risk exposure and cap your<br />

losses, before you have even<br />

placed the actual trade.<br />

Besides the ability <strong>to</strong><br />

increase your buying<br />

power, there is no stamp<br />

duty <strong>to</strong> pay, as you don’t<br />

actually own the underlying<br />

asset and you can also take<br />

either a short (sell) or long<br />

(buy) position, giving you<br />

greater <strong>trading</strong> flexibility.<br />

Is CFD <strong>trading</strong> for you?<br />

Trading CFDs is ideal for<br />

active traders with a strong<br />

understanding of the<br />

markets. It’s a flexible,<br />

efficient way <strong>to</strong> diversify<br />

your portfolio in<strong>to</strong> different<br />

global markets and expand<br />

your <strong>trading</strong> opportunities.<br />

When you trade CFDs with<br />

LCG, you’ll enjoy tight,<br />

industry leading spreads and<br />

an exceptionally competitive<br />

price.<br />

How <strong>to</strong> get started<br />

Our multi asset class<br />

<strong>trading</strong> platform, LCG<br />

Trader, let’s you trade<br />

thousands of CFDs directly<br />

from charts on mobile,<br />

tablet and desk<strong>to</strong>p<br />

delivering a superior <strong>trading</strong><br />

experience on all your<br />

devices. To start <strong>trading</strong><br />

CFDs, open a LCG account<br />

<strong>to</strong>day, and experience the<br />

power <strong>to</strong> Trade Connected.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

1


What is financial<br />

spread betting?<br />

Financial spread betting is<br />

a tax free form of investing,<br />

allowing traders <strong>to</strong> take a<br />

position on whether<br />

global markets including<br />

forex, indices, shares and<br />

commodities will go up or<br />

down in value. When you<br />

spread bet, you are not<br />

buying the underlying product,<br />

but rather betting on<br />

the price movement of that<br />

product, allowing you <strong>to</strong><br />

take either a short (sell) or<br />

long (buy) position, giving<br />

you greater <strong>trading</strong> flexibility.<br />

The spread is the difference<br />

between the sell and<br />

buy price of the product you<br />

are betting on. The more the<br />

market moves in the direction<br />

you predict, the more<br />

profit you make. The more<br />

the market moves in the<br />

opposite direction, the more<br />

you stand <strong>to</strong> lose.<br />

What are the<br />

advantages?<br />

Financial spread betting lets<br />

you trade at a time that suits<br />

you with 24 hour access <strong>to</strong><br />

a wide range of global markets.<br />

You can spread bet on<br />

forex, indices, shares and<br />

commodities and because<br />

you don’t own the underlying<br />

asset you won’t pay<br />

stamp duty or tax on your<br />

profits.<br />

Spread betting also allows<br />

you <strong>to</strong> take a position which<br />

is short or long, so you’ll<br />

have more options and you<br />

can also effectively manage<br />

your risk by using dedicated<br />

s<strong>to</strong>p loss <strong>to</strong>ols.<br />

Is spread betting for<br />

me?<br />

Spread betting is ideal<br />

for active traders with a<br />

strong understanding of<br />

the markets. At LCG you’ll<br />

enjoy tight, industry leading<br />

spreads across a wide range<br />

of global financial markets<br />

so when you spread bet<br />

with us you’ll always get an<br />

exceptionally competitive<br />

price. If you want <strong>to</strong><br />

diversify your portfolio and<br />

take advantage of market<br />

moving events, then<br />

financial spread betting is<br />

definitely for you.<br />

How do I get started?<br />

Our multi asset class <strong>trading</strong><br />

platform, LCG Trader, lets<br />

you spread bet directly<br />

from charts on mobile,<br />

tablet and desk<strong>to</strong>p,<br />

allowing <strong>to</strong> you enjoy a<br />

superior spread betting<br />

experience on all your<br />

devices.<br />

Open an account with us<br />

<strong>to</strong>day, and start <strong>trading</strong><br />

with a demo account <strong>to</strong><br />

learn more. When you’re<br />

ready you can start <strong>trading</strong><br />

using a live account.<br />

LCG Trader<br />

TRADE TRADE CONNECTED<br />

2


Avoiding common<br />

<strong>trading</strong> mistakes<br />

Like any other skill, <strong>online</strong><br />

<strong>trading</strong> takes practice <strong>to</strong><br />

master. Many new traders<br />

start out with little practical<br />

market knowledge which<br />

can lead <strong>to</strong> poor decision<br />

making.<br />

Before you get started it is<br />

very valuable <strong>to</strong> get a basic<br />

understanding of charts<br />

for the market you’d like <strong>to</strong><br />

trade, you should also learn<br />

more about new <strong>trading</strong><br />

methods and strategies.<br />

Understanding the<br />

markets<br />

Remember, <strong>to</strong> become a successful<br />

trader, preparation<br />

is key.<br />

You can study charts for all<br />

of the 4,000 markets we offer<br />

in the LCG Trader Demo<br />

platform and can review<br />

trends, volatility, range and<br />

<strong>trading</strong> fluctuations <strong>to</strong> get a<br />

better feel for the markets<br />

you’re interested in.<br />

The more time you spend<br />

studying the markets you’re<br />

interested in, the more natural<br />

your decisions will be.<br />

You’ll also feel more confident<br />

taking a position if you<br />

have an in-depth knowledge<br />

of the market you’re <strong>trading</strong>.<br />

If you’re just starting out,<br />

immerse yourself in the latest<br />

news, analysis<br />

and research on our website<br />

<strong>to</strong> get up <strong>to</strong> the minute<br />

information on market<br />

moving events.<br />

You’ll also find on-demand<br />

video content covering<br />

everything from getting<br />

started with pending orders<br />

and identifying <strong>trading</strong><br />

trends <strong>to</strong> explanations on<br />

the differences between<br />

technical and fundamental<br />

analysis. At LCG you’ll have<br />

all of the <strong>to</strong>ols and resources<br />

you need <strong>to</strong> be as successful<br />

as possible.<br />

Be realistic about<br />

returns<br />

While you will be able <strong>to</strong><br />

build up <strong>to</strong> making large<br />

profits, when you first start<br />

out be realistic about how<br />

much you trade and the potential<br />

returns you’ll enjoy.<br />

To help get you more familiar<br />

with using our <strong>trading</strong><br />

platform and <strong>to</strong> help you<br />

feel more comfortable placing<br />

trades, start by opening<br />

a Demo Account.<br />

You’ll get £10,000 demo<br />

credits <strong>to</strong> get you started<br />

and can trade<br />

on all our available asset<br />

classes including forex,<br />

indices, shares and commodities.<br />

Formulate a <strong>trading</strong><br />

strategy<br />

When you start <strong>trading</strong>, get<br />

in<strong>to</strong> the habit of devising a<br />

clear <strong>trading</strong> strategy before<br />

you start actually <strong>trading</strong><br />

and stick <strong>to</strong> it.<br />

Start by knowing the volume<br />

of trades you intend <strong>to</strong> place<br />

as well as the kind of positions<br />

you are comfortable<br />

taking, are you comfortable<br />

with a greater or lesser<br />

amount of risk exposure?<br />

Record all of your trades <strong>to</strong>o<br />

for a clearer understand of<br />

what is working for you and<br />

where you can improve your<br />

decision making.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

3


Devising a <strong>trading</strong> plan<br />

and managing risk<br />

One of the most important<br />

aspects for new traders is<br />

understanding risk management<br />

and developing a<br />

sound <strong>trading</strong> plan.<br />

Creating a <strong>trading</strong> plan can<br />

help you determine how<br />

much risk you feel comfortable<br />

with while making<br />

your investment objectives<br />

clearer. A <strong>trading</strong> plan will<br />

also allow you <strong>to</strong> accurately<br />

record entry and exit price<br />

and so track your <strong>trading</strong><br />

performance more precisely.<br />

The more closely you track<br />

your successful and unsuccessful<br />

trades, the easier it<br />

is <strong>to</strong> get a feel for what is<br />

working for you and where<br />

your decision making could<br />

improve.<br />

When devising your <strong>trading</strong><br />

plan keep these points in<br />

mind:<br />

What is your motivation<br />

for <strong>trading</strong>?<br />

How much capital do<br />

you realistically have <strong>to</strong><br />

invest?<br />

Have you considered<br />

setting up a s<strong>to</strong>p loss?<br />

How much time do you<br />

have available for<br />

<strong>trading</strong>?<br />

Finally, what are your<br />

expected returns?<br />

What is your<br />

motivation for <strong>trading</strong>?<br />

Being clear about your<br />

reasons for <strong>trading</strong> will help<br />

you assess the level of risk<br />

you’re comfortable with. For<br />

instance, if you’re <strong>trading</strong> <strong>to</strong><br />

learn more about the financial<br />

markets in general you<br />

will likely not want <strong>to</strong> expose<br />

yourself <strong>to</strong> risky trades<br />

which could see you lose a<br />

larger proportion of your<br />

capital.<br />

If however you are <strong>trading</strong><br />

as a way of increasing<br />

your potential income, then<br />

you’re more likely <strong>to</strong> be risk<br />

averse in search of greater<br />

profit.<br />

How much capital do<br />

you have <strong>to</strong> invest?<br />

Never invest more than you<br />

can afford <strong>to</strong> spend when<br />

you trade <strong>online</strong>. Start with<br />

a realistic amount and bear<br />

in mind that losses can exceed<br />

deposits.<br />

Setting up a s<strong>to</strong>p loss<br />

Setting up a s<strong>to</strong>p loss can be<br />

very beneficial, especially<br />

for traders who have less<br />

time <strong>to</strong> be “hands on” and<br />

active throughout the day.<br />

S<strong>to</strong>p losses are quick and<br />

easy <strong>to</strong> set up and provide a<br />

safety net for your <strong>trading</strong><br />

by closing open positions<br />

once your losses reach a<br />

predefined limit.<br />

You can learn more<br />

about s<strong>to</strong>p losses and<br />

modifying open positions<br />

within our LCG Trader<br />

platform by visiting the<br />

platform tu<strong>to</strong>rial page of<br />

our website.<br />

How much time do<br />

you have for <strong>trading</strong>?<br />

Knowing how much time<br />

you have <strong>to</strong> dedicate <strong>to</strong><br />

your <strong>trading</strong> will help you<br />

get a feel for the type of<br />

positions you can make<br />

the most profit from. Are<br />

you able <strong>to</strong> place trades<br />

which take advantage of<br />

short term market volatility<br />

or is your time more<br />

suited <strong>to</strong> taking longer<br />

term positions?<br />

What are your<br />

expected returns?<br />

Work out what your expected<br />

returns are for your<br />

<strong>trading</strong> by being realistic<br />

about how much you have<br />

<strong>to</strong> invest.<br />

Start with less risky trades<br />

<strong>to</strong> build up your market<br />

knowledge and confidence<br />

before moving <strong>to</strong> bolder<br />

<strong>trading</strong> positions which<br />

offer potentially bigger<br />

profits.<br />

TRADE TRADE CONNECTED<br />

4


Top tips when <strong>trading</strong><br />

FX, commodities,<br />

indices and shares<br />

Diving in<strong>to</strong> the market<br />

without an understanding of<br />

<strong>trading</strong> can be overwhelming<br />

and daunting at first.<br />

Besides deciding exactly<br />

what <strong>to</strong> invest in, there is<br />

also the question of how<br />

much <strong>to</strong> invest, what <strong>to</strong> invest<br />

and when <strong>to</strong> invest.<br />

Understanding a few key<br />

rules for investing successfully<br />

is crucial in improving<br />

your <strong>trading</strong> performance.<br />

Keep these three points<br />

in mind when approaching<br />

<strong>trading</strong> forex, indices, shares<br />

and commodities:<br />

Follow the markets<br />

with LCG<br />

Our education team<br />

provide webinars, seminars<br />

and <strong>online</strong> learning modules,<br />

catering for a range of<br />

<strong>trading</strong> experience as part<br />

of our ongoing education<br />

program for potential and<br />

existing cus<strong>to</strong>mers.<br />

Whether you’re a beginner<br />

or already <strong>trading</strong> CFDs, our<br />

education program is<br />

tailored <strong>to</strong> your level of<br />

<strong>trading</strong> experience. Learn as<br />

much as you can from our<br />

comprehensive education<br />

materials <strong>to</strong> continuously<br />

improve your <strong>trading</strong>.<br />

We’re here <strong>to</strong> help<br />

Each morning your<br />

dedicated account manager<br />

will help <strong>to</strong> highlight the key<br />

<strong>trading</strong> opportunities for<br />

the day ahead and will assist<br />

with any specific<br />

requirements <strong>to</strong> help you<br />

navigate the markets.<br />

Your expert personal<br />

account manager can place<br />

trades at your direction over<br />

the phone and share their<br />

unparalleled market<br />

knowledge <strong>to</strong> help you get<br />

the most from your <strong>trading</strong><br />

with us.<br />

Clarify the risk <strong>to</strong>lerance<br />

Determine the average<br />

<strong>trading</strong> horizon<br />

Decide which<br />

instruments are the most<br />

appropriate for you<br />

At LCG we have put <strong>to</strong>gether<br />

a world class team<br />

consisting of some of the<br />

industry’s best market analysts.<br />

Our team are leaders<br />

in their field and will provide<br />

you with high level analysis,<br />

breaking news and in-depth<br />

market reports. With LCG<br />

you’ll get access <strong>to</strong> the <strong>to</strong>ols<br />

and data you need <strong>to</strong> take<br />

your <strong>trading</strong> <strong>to</strong> the next<br />

level and you’ll learn more<br />

about managing risk <strong>to</strong>lerance<br />

and understanding the<br />

<strong>trading</strong> universe.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

5


Understand Gross<br />

Domestic Product<br />

Gross Domestic Product<br />

(GDP) is the broadest overall<br />

benchmark of economic<br />

activity and quantifies the<br />

production of goods and<br />

services within any given<br />

country.<br />

Arguably one of the most<br />

important economic statistics,<br />

GDP is calculated by<br />

adding all expenditures and<br />

all final goods and services<br />

produced during the year as<br />

shown in the equation below:<br />

GDP = C + I + G + (X - M).<br />

Where:<br />

C = Consumption (household<br />

consumption – like<br />

rent, food, fuel)<br />

I = Investment (can include<br />

household investment in<br />

property, business spending<br />

on equipment)<br />

G = Government expenditure<br />

and investment (<strong>to</strong>tal<br />

of all government spending,<br />

public sec<strong>to</strong>r salaries, defence<br />

spending)<br />

(X-M) = Net exports (exports<br />

minus imports)<br />

(Note: higher net exports<br />

are more economically<br />

productive)<br />

U.S., regardless of the producer’s<br />

nationality. GNP<br />

does not include goods<br />

and a service produced<br />

by foreign producers, but<br />

does include goods and<br />

services produced by U.S.<br />

firms operating in foreign<br />

countries.<br />

GDP and domestic<br />

currency impact<br />

Simply put, any increase in<br />

GDP tends <strong>to</strong> indicate an<br />

improving economy. This is<br />

a generally positive for the<br />

domestic currency.<br />

Any decrease in GDP, relative<br />

<strong>to</strong> the previous quarter<br />

or indeed the same period in<br />

the previous year is generally<br />

negative for the domestic<br />

currency.<br />

Nothing is ever all that simple<br />

so it’s important <strong>to</strong> know<br />

that an extreme economic<br />

expansion can ramp up inflation<br />

expectations and even<br />

create significant inflationary<br />

concerns.<br />

Most, if not all central<br />

banks, have a mandate <strong>to</strong><br />

keep inflation in check.<br />

Any signs that an economy<br />

is overheating might<br />

inspire an interest rate<br />

cut and a tightening of<br />

monetary policy.<br />

Most of the components<br />

that comprise the report<br />

are known well in<br />

advance, meaning that<br />

changes in GDP tend <strong>to</strong><br />

be well anticipated.<br />

If the figure differs from<br />

market expectations,<br />

it has the potential <strong>to</strong><br />

cause significant market<br />

movement.<br />

Remember: Do not confuse<br />

Gross Domestic Product<br />

with Gross National Product<br />

(GNP). GDP includes<br />

only goods and services<br />

produced within the geographic<br />

boundaries of the<br />

TRADE TRADE CONNECTED<br />

6


Leading indica<strong>to</strong>rs for<br />

GDP<br />

Purchasing Manager’s Index<br />

(PMI)<br />

The PMI is released by the<br />

Institute for Supply Management,<br />

formerly the National<br />

Association of Purchasing<br />

Managers. The report collects<br />

“better”, “same” or<br />

“worse” information from a<br />

mere 400 purchasing managers<br />

throughout the country<br />

and compiles it in<strong>to</strong> an<br />

index.<br />

Business Inven<strong>to</strong>ries<br />

It can be quite difficult <strong>to</strong><br />

ascertain what high levels of<br />

inven<strong>to</strong>ry reflect as it may<br />

often by be open <strong>to</strong> interpretation.<br />

An increase in inven<strong>to</strong>ry can<br />

suggest that businesses are<br />

building a glut of inven<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

based on consumer demand<br />

expectations. If higher consumption<br />

materialises, then<br />

this will be both profitable<br />

for the business and ergo<br />

good for the economy.<br />

that consumer confidence is<br />

muted so can thus be a negative<br />

signal for a business<br />

and the economy.<br />

Retail Sales<br />

These are released monthly<br />

by the US Department of<br />

Commerce – on a Thursday<br />

generally 2 weeks after the<br />

end of the reference month.<br />

The data is utilised by many<br />

government sec<strong>to</strong>rs <strong>to</strong> calculate<br />

GDP, inflation as well<br />

as analyse present economic<br />

activity.<br />

Manufacturing activity is<br />

an important segment of<br />

any economy. An increase<br />

in manufacturing output<br />

can suggest more demand<br />

for consumer goods and<br />

since workers are normally<br />

required <strong>to</strong> produce these<br />

goods an increase can help<br />

<strong>to</strong> boost employment and<br />

employee wages.<br />

Always look at the inven<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

levels (more detail below) as<br />

sometimes the goods produced<br />

do not make it all the<br />

way <strong>to</strong> the consumer – often<br />

sitting in s<strong>to</strong>rage until the<br />

demand picks up. Rising retail<br />

sales (more detail below)<br />

in conjunction with rising<br />

manufacturing output can<br />

indicate heightened demand<br />

for consumer goods.<br />

Given its his<strong>to</strong>rical reliability<br />

in helping <strong>to</strong> predict<br />

growth in gross domestic<br />

product (GDP), it’s important<br />

<strong>to</strong> be aware of these<br />

data points in concert.<br />

On the flipside, holding<br />

inven<strong>to</strong>ries costs money<br />

in s<strong>to</strong>rage costs and high<br />

inven<strong>to</strong>ry levels can sometimes<br />

indicate that supply<br />

exceeds demand. This can<br />

often be a sign that retail<br />

sales are inadequate and<br />

Strong retail sales will in<br />

general directly increase<br />

GDP. Improving sales for a<br />

company means profitability<br />

and also that company can<br />

potentially hire more employees<br />

so all in all its good<br />

news for a domestic economy<br />

and ergo its currency.<br />

Example<br />

US Retail Sales for April 2015 missed expectations. The consensus<br />

was for a rise of 0.2% on the previous month. The dollar was<br />

sold off relative <strong>to</strong> the pound as a result. It lost 67 points in the<br />

hour following the release but continued <strong>to</strong> depreciate over the<br />

next 24 hours shedding a <strong>to</strong>tal of 180 points against the British<br />

pound.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

7


Building Permits and<br />

the Housing Market<br />

Permits give insight in<strong>to</strong><br />

future real estate supplies.<br />

High volume would indicate<br />

an active construction industry<br />

which in turn brings<br />

more jobs and an increase in<br />

GDP.<br />

Bear in mind that, like inven<strong>to</strong>ry<br />

levels, if consumers<br />

are not willing <strong>to</strong> buy, there<br />

will be a surplus of housing<br />

which will likely lead <strong>to</strong> declining<br />

house prices.<br />

Declines in housing have<br />

a negative impact on the<br />

economy for several reasons:<br />

1. They decrease homeowner<br />

wealth.<br />

2. They reduce the number<br />

of construction jobs needed<br />

<strong>to</strong> build new homes,<br />

which in turn increases<br />

unemployment.<br />

3. They reduce property<br />

taxes, which limits government<br />

resources.<br />

4. Homeowners are less<br />

able <strong>to</strong> refinance or sell<br />

their homes, which may<br />

force them in<strong>to</strong> foreclosure.<br />

When you look at housing<br />

data, look at two things:<br />

changes in housing values<br />

and changes in sales. When<br />

sales decline, it generally indicates<br />

that values will also<br />

drop. For example, the collapse<br />

of the housing bubble<br />

in 2007 had dire effects on<br />

the economy and is widely<br />

blamed for driving the United<br />

States in<strong>to</strong> a recession.<br />

Why do the markets<br />

care?<br />

Given that the old adage<br />

states that when the US<br />

sneezes, Europe catches a<br />

cold; US GDP is important<br />

both domestically and globally<br />

speaking.<br />

The health of any economy<br />

is intimately connected <strong>to</strong><br />

consumer sentiment but<br />

the health of the<br />

world’s biggest<br />

economy is important<br />

<strong>to</strong> global sentiment.<br />

When all is said and done,<br />

sentiment is what drives<br />

markets.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

8


Understanding Nonfarm<br />

payroll (NFP)<br />

Nonfarm payroll is an economic<br />

indica<strong>to</strong>r used <strong>to</strong><br />

describe the number of<br />

employees at manufacturing,<br />

construction and goods<br />

companies in the US.<br />

This indica<strong>to</strong>r does not include<br />

the farm workers and<br />

private households as the<br />

name suggests.<br />

The change in nonfarm jobs<br />

is closely watched as traders<br />

use the data as an indication<br />

of the economic performance<br />

<strong>to</strong> predict the Federal<br />

Reserve’s monetary policy<br />

outlook and <strong>to</strong> trade upon it.<br />

Besides the nonfarm payrolls,<br />

the unemployment and<br />

participation rate as well as<br />

the change in average earnings<br />

are important <strong>to</strong> complete<br />

the picture.<br />

The change in non-farm<br />

payrolls is released the first<br />

Friday of each month and<br />

generally triggers meaningful<br />

price action in intraday<br />

<strong>trading</strong>. Volatility means<br />

opportunity.<br />

How does a trader read the<br />

change in non-farm payrolls<br />

and take a bet?<br />

It is all about the market<br />

expectations. Numerous<br />

market surveys define the<br />

consensus – an average<br />

expectation – for the data<br />

release each month.<br />

On June 5, 2015 the consensus<br />

for the nonfarm<br />

payroll was 226K. The release<br />

of 280K surprised the<br />

market on<br />

the upside and triggered immediate US dollar purchases as a<br />

knee-jerk reaction.<br />

Figure 1 – EURUSD reacts <strong>to</strong> Nonfarm payroll release on<br />

June 5, 2015<br />

In the Figure 1, the EURUSD instantly sold-off from 1.1276<br />

<strong>to</strong> 1.1075 as the US jobs data beat the market estimates.<br />

Traders became more optimistic regarding the US economy<br />

and speculated that the Federal Reserve may increase the<br />

interest rate in September, rather than a quarter later as previously<br />

thought.<br />

This has been positive news for the US dollar and got instantaneously<br />

priced in by the FX traders. The EURUSD extended<br />

weakness <strong>to</strong> 1.1050, short-term support level, over couple of<br />

minutes following the release and rebounded <strong>to</strong> 1.1100/10<br />

as the first reaction got absorbed by the market.<br />

Alternative case: What if the data had missed the market<br />

expectation on June 5?<br />

The size of the price action depends on how disappointing<br />

or how surprising the data is. A quick glance <strong>to</strong> expectations<br />

is enough <strong>to</strong> observe the importance of the 200K threshold.<br />

Naturally, the psychological levels are important in economic<br />

data releases.<br />

A read below this level would have triggered a US dollar<br />

sell-off and push the euro <strong>to</strong> higher levels. In this alternative<br />

case scenario, the technical resistance levels would be activated.<br />

Placing ourselves on June 5, the 1.1314 <strong>to</strong>p which was<br />

hit the eve of the nonfarm payroll release would be the key<br />

level moni<strong>to</strong>red by traders, where a potential breakout would<br />

place the 1.1467, the five month high, in focus.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

9


It is often <strong>to</strong>o late <strong>to</strong><br />

trade once the data is<br />

out<br />

Given that the reaction<br />

move is very rapid, it is<br />

almost impossible <strong>to</strong> enter<br />

a trade once the data is out.<br />

This means that traders<br />

place their buy or sell orders<br />

before the economic<br />

release, according <strong>to</strong> their<br />

own prediction on the upcoming<br />

data.<br />

In a similar way, the rapid<br />

price action requires a solid<br />

risk management. Once the<br />

reaction move is triggered,<br />

it is almost impossible <strong>to</strong><br />

get out of an open position.<br />

Therefore, the s<strong>to</strong>p loss<br />

orders are good protection<br />

if the market moves on the<br />

opposite direction.<br />

Some traders may believe<br />

the US economic performance<br />

has not been good<br />

enough <strong>to</strong> create 226K (consensus)<br />

jobs, while others<br />

may think that more jobs<br />

have been added during the<br />

observed month. As decent<br />

buy and sell orders stand<br />

before the release, the<br />

movement, in either direction,<br />

generally happens very<br />

quickly.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

10


Understanding more<br />

about short selling<br />

Short selling is the sale of<br />

security that is not owned<br />

by the seller. Short-selling<br />

borrows the s<strong>to</strong>ck <strong>to</strong> sell<br />

with a promise <strong>to</strong> deliver the<br />

security back <strong>to</strong> the original<br />

owner at some time in the<br />

future.<br />

This means that selling short<br />

a s<strong>to</strong>ck implies a buy back in<br />

the future for restitution.<br />

The brokerage companies<br />

are the most commonly used<br />

as lenders that play the role<br />

of intermediary between the<br />

inves<strong>to</strong>rs and the short-sellers<br />

in exchange of a fee.<br />

Somewhat a<br />

contradic<strong>to</strong>ry view of an<br />

investment, short-selling is<br />

a way <strong>to</strong> generate return on<br />

poorly performing security.<br />

In practice…<br />

Back in days, short selling<br />

was mostly at financial institutions,<br />

hedge funds and<br />

a handful of individual traders’<br />

disposal.<br />

Today, a fast growing industry<br />

of brokers offers the<br />

short-selling possibility <strong>to</strong> a<br />

vast pallet of inves<strong>to</strong>rs and<br />

at very competitive prices.<br />

A margin account allows an<br />

inves<strong>to</strong>r <strong>to</strong> borrow cash in<br />

exchange of the initial investment<br />

as collateral.<br />

The <strong>online</strong> brokerage firms<br />

give the opportunity <strong>to</strong><br />

short sell a s<strong>to</strong>ck via a single<br />

click. ‘Short sell’ or ‘sell <strong>to</strong><br />

cover’ are the most commonly<br />

used wording on a<br />

<strong>trading</strong> platform.<br />

As the inves<strong>to</strong>r places a<br />

short sell order, the brokerage<br />

firm borrows the shares<br />

from its own inven<strong>to</strong>ry, on<br />

the margin account of one of<br />

its clients or from another<br />

broker and sells the borrowed<br />

shares in the market.<br />

The proceeds from the sale<br />

of shares are then credited<br />

on inves<strong>to</strong>r’s account. The<br />

profit and loss is calculated<br />

on the differential of the<br />

sale price and the market<br />

price.<br />

LCG Trader<br />

mobile phone<br />

app<br />

Given that the s<strong>to</strong>ck price<br />

cannot slip below zero, the<br />

gains are limited. The risk of<br />

loss, however, is unlimited<br />

while selling short a security,<br />

the price of a security can<br />

rise infinitely. Therefore,<br />

only experienced traders are<br />

recommended <strong>to</strong> sell short.<br />

Short selling is, and cannot<br />

be, a long-term strategy given<br />

that companies are here<br />

<strong>to</strong> succeed and not <strong>to</strong> fail.<br />

S<strong>to</strong>cks are naturally expected<br />

<strong>to</strong> gain in value over time.<br />

Selling a s<strong>to</strong>ck is mostly<br />

swimming against the flow<br />

and is therefore a risky play.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

11


Understanding the<br />

Consumer Price Index<br />

The Consumer Price Index<br />

(CPI) is the most widely<br />

used measure for tracking<br />

the price of a weighted<br />

basket of goods and services<br />

purchased by households. It<br />

is the basic measure of how<br />

expensive a regular consumer<br />

basket becomes from one<br />

month <strong>to</strong> another.<br />

Read our short article for<br />

more information on what<br />

comprises CPI, how often<br />

data is published, what influences<br />

CPI and <strong>to</strong>p tips for<br />

<strong>trading</strong>.<br />

The consumer basket<br />

includes standard<br />

goods and services<br />

that a standard household<br />

would consume<br />

on monthly or yearly<br />

basis and the weights<br />

are attributed on the<br />

basis of general consumption<br />

patterns in<br />

a particular region,<br />

hence they may differ<br />

geographically. In the<br />

UK, pota<strong>to</strong>es will certainly<br />

weight heavier<br />

in a standard consumer’s<br />

basket while in<br />

France, we would expect<br />

the baguette prices<br />

<strong>to</strong> be more relevant<br />

<strong>to</strong> see how expensive<br />

life has become for a<br />

standard household.<br />

Hence food and beverages<br />

would weigh<br />

heavier in a typical<br />

consumer basket<br />

in a family living in<br />

an emerging country<br />

while a standard<br />

family in a developed<br />

country is expected <strong>to</strong><br />

spend a larger proportion<br />

of its budget in<br />

technology and recreation.<br />

The consumer price<br />

index is released on<br />

monthly basis. Given<br />

the volatile nature of<br />

food and energy prices,<br />

the central bankers<br />

and traders usually<br />

base decisions on the<br />

core consumer price<br />

index, which excludes<br />

food and energy components<br />

<strong>to</strong> give a<br />

clearer picture of the<br />

underlying price dynamics.<br />

How <strong>to</strong> trade the CPI?<br />

In practice, it is not the<br />

inflation number itself that<br />

matters; it is the gap between<br />

the inflation expectation<br />

and the realised inflation<br />

that is going <strong>to</strong> give the<br />

market a direction.<br />

In order <strong>to</strong> understand<br />

whether a strong, or weak,<br />

inflation number is good, or<br />

bad, traders should be well<br />

aware of the macroeconomic<br />

context.<br />

Nowadays, developed markets<br />

are struggling <strong>to</strong> step<br />

out of a deflationary cycle.<br />

So a strong read is positive<br />

for their currency.<br />

As an example, we can<br />

say that a better-than-expected<br />

Eurozone inflation<br />

could trigger a positive<br />

reaction and send the euro<br />

higher against the dollar.<br />

In contrary, the emerging<br />

markets fight against<br />

the overheating consumer<br />

prices and do not like inflation.<br />

Therefore in Brazil,<br />

a stronger-than-expected<br />

inflation number will trigger<br />

a sell-off in real.<br />

Of course, the above stated<br />

examples are not pre-set<br />

rules. The market could react<br />

in the opposite direction<br />

if there are second-degree<br />

fac<strong>to</strong>rs priced in by the majority<br />

of market participants.<br />

If the Brazilian Central Bank<br />

is ready <strong>to</strong> increase its monetary<br />

policy rate <strong>to</strong> control<br />

the inflation, then a stronger<br />

inflation number would revive<br />

the speculation of a rate hike<br />

and bring traders <strong>to</strong> position<br />

themselves on the buy side of<br />

the game.<br />

This is why the interpretation<br />

of a macroeconomic data could<br />

be very complex. It is critical <strong>to</strong><br />

be fully aware of the macroeconomic<br />

setting before taking<br />

a directional position.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

12


What are CFDs?<br />

CFDs, or contracts for difference,<br />

are a flexible alternative<br />

<strong>to</strong> <strong>trading</strong> on the<br />

price movement of thousands<br />

of global markets,<br />

including forex, indices,<br />

shares and commodities.<br />

When you trade CFDs, you<br />

don’t own the underlying<br />

product, but rather bet<br />

on the price movement of<br />

that product, which means<br />

you can take advantage of<br />

prices moving up or down in<br />

value. When <strong>trading</strong> a CFD<br />

you are <strong>trading</strong> in multiples<br />

of the<br />

value of each CFD contract.<br />

For example a UK100 CFD<br />

has a contract size of £10.<br />

This means, for every point<br />

the price moves in your<br />

favour, you gain multiples<br />

of the number of units you<br />

have bought or sold. For<br />

every point the price moves<br />

against you, you will make<br />

a loss.<br />

What are the<br />

advantages of CFD<br />

Trading?<br />

CFDs are a leveraged product,<br />

which means you only<br />

need <strong>to</strong> deposit a small percentage<br />

of the full value of<br />

your position. This is called<br />

‘<strong>trading</strong> on margin’. While<br />

<strong>trading</strong> on margin allows<br />

you <strong>to</strong> magnify your profits,<br />

remember, losses will also<br />

be magnified as they are<br />

based on the full value of<br />

the position.<br />

This means you could lose<br />

more than the amount you<br />

placed <strong>to</strong> make the trade.<br />

This is why, when <strong>trading</strong><br />

CFDs with LCG, you have<br />

access <strong>to</strong> risk management<br />

<strong>to</strong>ols, such as guaranteed<br />

s<strong>to</strong>ps, which means you<br />

can effectively manage<br />

your risk exposure and cap<br />

your losses, before you<br />

have even placed the actual<br />

trade.Besides the ability <strong>to</strong><br />

increase your buying power,<br />

there is no stamp duty<br />

<strong>to</strong> pay, as you don’t actually<br />

own the underlying asset<br />

and you can also take either<br />

a short (sell) or long (buy)<br />

position, giving you greater<br />

<strong>trading</strong> flexibility.<br />

Is CFD <strong>trading</strong> for you?<br />

Trading CFDs is ideal for<br />

active traders with a strong<br />

understanding of the markets.<br />

It’s a flexible, efficient<br />

way <strong>to</strong> diversify your portfolio<br />

in<strong>to</strong> different global<br />

markets and expand your<br />

<strong>trading</strong> opportunities.<br />

When you trade CFDs with<br />

LCG, you’ll enjoy tight, industry<br />

leading spreads and<br />

an exceptionally competitive<br />

price.<br />

How <strong>to</strong> get started<br />

Our multi asset class <strong>trading</strong><br />

platform, LCG Trader, let’s you<br />

trade thousands of CFDs directly<br />

from charts on mobile, tablet and<br />

desk<strong>to</strong>p delivering a superior<br />

<strong>trading</strong> experience on all your<br />

devices. To start <strong>trading</strong> CFDs,<br />

open a LCG account <strong>to</strong>day, and<br />

experience the power <strong>to</strong> Trade<br />

Connected.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

1


What is financial spread<br />

betting?<br />

Financial spread betting is a tax free<br />

form of investing, allowing traders<br />

<strong>to</strong> take a position on whether global<br />

markets including forex, indices,<br />

shares and commodities will go up<br />

or down in value. When you spread<br />

bet, you are not buying the underlying<br />

product, but rather betting on<br />

the price movement of that product,<br />

allowing you <strong>to</strong> take either a short<br />

(sell) or long (buy) position, giving<br />

you greater <strong>trading</strong> flexibility. The<br />

spread is the difference between the<br />

sell and buy price of the product you<br />

are betting on. The more the market<br />

moves in the direction you predict,<br />

the more profit you make. The more<br />

the market moves in the opposite direction,<br />

the more you stand <strong>to</strong> lose.<br />

How do I get started?<br />

Our multi asset class <strong>trading</strong><br />

platform, LCG Trader, lets<br />

you spread bet directly from<br />

charts on mobile, tablet and<br />

desk<strong>to</strong>p, allowing <strong>to</strong> you enjoy<br />

a superior spread betting<br />

experience on all your devices.<br />

Open an account with us<br />

<strong>to</strong>day, and start <strong>trading</strong> with a<br />

demo account <strong>to</strong> learn more.<br />

When you’re ready you can<br />

start <strong>trading</strong> using a live account.<br />

What are the advantages?<br />

Financial spread betting lets you<br />

trade at a time that suits you with<br />

24 hour access <strong>to</strong> a wide range of<br />

global markets. You can spread bet<br />

on forex, indices, shares and commodities<br />

and because you don’t own<br />

the underlying asset you won’t pay<br />

stamp duty or tax on your profits.<br />

Spread betting also allows you <strong>to</strong><br />

take a position which is short or<br />

long, so you’ll have more options and<br />

you can also effectively manage your<br />

risk by using dedicated s<strong>to</strong>p loss<br />

<strong>to</strong>ols.<br />

Is spread betting for me?<br />

Spread betting is ideal for active<br />

traders with a strong understanding<br />

of the markets. At LCG you’ll enjoy<br />

tight, industry leading spreads<br />

across a wide range of global financial<br />

markets so when you spread bet<br />

with us you’ll always get an exceptionally<br />

competitive price. If you<br />

want <strong>to</strong> diversify your portfolio and<br />

take advantage of market moving<br />

events, then financial spread betting<br />

is definitely for you.<br />

1 Knightsbridge London, SW1X 7LX<br />

TRADE CONNECTED


What is financial spread betting?<br />

Brenda Kelly | Head Analyst<br />

What is financial spread betting?<br />

It’s a tax free form of investing, allowing traders <strong>to</strong> take a position on whether global<br />

markets including forex, indices, shares and commodities will go up or down in value.<br />

When you spread bet, you are not buying the underlying product, but rather betting on the price<br />

movement of that product, allowing you <strong>to</strong> take either a short (sell) or long (buy)<br />

position, giving you greater <strong>trading</strong> flexibility.<br />

The spread is the difference between the sell and buy price of the product you are betting on. The<br />

more the market moves in the direction you predict, the more profit you make. The more the market<br />

moves in the opposite direction, the more you lose.<br />

What are the advantages?<br />

Financial spread betting lets you trade at a time that suits you with 24 hour access <strong>to</strong> a wide range of<br />

global markets. You can spread bet on forex, indices, shares and commodities and<br />

because you don’t own the underlying asset you won’t pay stamp duty or tax on your profits.<br />

Spread betting also allows you <strong>to</strong> take a position which is short or long, so you’ll have more<br />

options and you can also effectively manage your risk by using dedicated s<strong>to</strong>p loss <strong>to</strong>ols.<br />

Is spread betting for me?<br />

Spread betting is ideal for active traders with a strong understanding of the markets.<br />

At LCG you’ll enjoy tight, industry leading spreads across a wide range of global financial markets<br />

so when you spread bet with us you’ll always get an exceptionally competitive price. If you want <strong>to</strong><br />

diversify your portfolio and take advantage of market moving events, then financial spread betting is<br />

definitely for you.<br />

How do I get started?<br />

Our multi asset class <strong>trading</strong> platform, LCG Trader, let’s you spread bet directly from charts on<br />

mobile, tablet and desk<strong>to</strong>p, allowing <strong>to</strong> you enjoy a superior spread betting experience on all your<br />

devices. Open an account with us <strong>to</strong>day, and experience the power <strong>to</strong> “trade connected”.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

1


What is financial spread betting?<br />

Brenda Kelly | Head Analyst<br />

What is financial spread betting?<br />

It’s a tax free form of investing, allowing traders <strong>to</strong> take a position on whether global<br />

markets including forex, indices, shares and commodities will go up or down in value.<br />

When you spread bet, you are not buying the underlying product, but rather betting on the price<br />

movement of that product, allowing you <strong>to</strong> take either a short (sell) or long (buy)<br />

position, giving you greater <strong>trading</strong> flexibility.<br />

The spread is the difference between the sell and buy price of the product you are betting on. The<br />

more the market moves in the direction you predict, the more profit you make. The more the market<br />

moves in the opposite direction, the more you lose.<br />

What are the advantages?<br />

Financial spread betting lets you trade at a time that suits you with 24 hour access <strong>to</strong> a wide range of<br />

global markets. You can spread bet on forex, indices, shares and commodities and<br />

because you don’t own the underlying asset you won’t pay stamp duty or tax on your profits.<br />

Spread betting also allows you <strong>to</strong> take a position which is short or long, so you’ll have more<br />

options and you can also effectively manage your risk by using dedicated s<strong>to</strong>p loss <strong>to</strong>ols.<br />

Is spread betting for me?<br />

Spread betting is ideal for active traders with a strong understanding of the markets.<br />

At LCG you’ll enjoy tight, industry leading spreads across a wide range of global financial markets<br />

so when you spread bet with us you’ll always get an exceptionally competitive price. If you want <strong>to</strong><br />

diversify your portfolio and take advantage of market moving events, then financial spread betting is<br />

definitely for you.<br />

How do I get started?<br />

Our multi asset class <strong>trading</strong> platform, LCG Trader, let’s you spread bet directly from charts on<br />

mobile, tablet and desk<strong>to</strong>p, allowing <strong>to</strong> you enjoy a superior spread betting experience on all your<br />

devices. Open an account with us <strong>to</strong>day, and experience the power <strong>to</strong> “trade connected”.<br />

TRADE CONNECTED<br />

1

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