Demystifying the Secure Enclave Processor

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Img4 – Manifest Properties (1/2) Hex Name Description CHIP Chip ID Fuse: Chip Family (A7/A8/A9) BORD Board ID Fuse: Board ID (N61/N56 etc) ECID Unique chip ID Fuse: Individual chip ID CEPO Certificate Epoch Fuse: Current Certificate EPOC CPRO Certificate Production Fuse: Certificate Production status CSEC Certificate Security Fuse: Certificate Security Status SDOM Security Domain Fuse: Manufacturing Security Domain BNCH Boot Nonce Hash Hash of the one time boot nonce
IMG4 – Manifest Properties (2/2) Hex Name Description DGST Digest Boot Digest DSEC Demote Security Modifies the device security status DPRO Demote Production Modifies the device production status ESEC Effective Security Usage unknown EPRO Effective Production Usage unknown EKEY Effective Key Usage unknown AMNM Allow Mix and Match Usage unknown Others…
Page 1 and 2: Demystifying the Secure Enclave Pro
Page 3 and 4: Introduction • iPhone 5S was a te
Page 5 and 6: Secure (?) Enclave Processor • Ve
Page 7 and 8: Glossary • AP: Application Proces
Page 11 and 12: Dedicated Hardware Peripherals •
Page 13 and 14: Physical Memory • Dedicated BootR
Page 17 and 18: SEP Initialization - Page Tables
Page 19 and 20: SEP Initialization - Second Stage
Page 21 and 22: SEP Boot Flow SEP AP Configure TZ0
Page 23 and 24: Memory Encryption Setup • Use “
Page 25 and 26: • Mode actually used is AES-256-X
Page 27 and 28: SEP Boot Flow: Stage 3 SEP AP Ackno
Page 29 and 30: Sending SEPOS • SEPOS is sent (op
Page 31 and 32: Boot-loading: Img4 • SEP uses the
Page 33: Img4 - Manifest • The manifest (A
Page 37 and 38: Reversing SEP’s Img4 Parser: Stag
Page 39 and 40: Img4 Parsing Flow SEP AP Decode Pay
Page 43 and 44: Secure Mailbox • Actual mailbox i
Page 45 and 46: Interrupt-based Message Passing •
Page 47 and 48: Mailbox Message Format • A single
Page 49 and 50: SEP Endpoint • Each endpoint is r
Page 51 and 52: SEP Endpoints (2/2) Index Name Driv
Page 53 and 54: Control Endpoint Opcodes Opcode Nam
Page 55 and 56: Endpoint Registration (AP) Start Cr
Page 59 and 60: L4-embedded • Modified version of
Page 61 and 62: SEPOS Architecture SEP Applications
Page 63 and 64: System Calls (1/2) Num Name Descrip
Page 65 and 66: Privileged System Calls • Some sy
Page 67 and 68: SEPOS (INIT) • Initial process on
Page 69 and 70: Application List • Includes infor
Page 71 and 72: Bootstrap Server • Implements the
Page 73 and 74: Privileged Methods • An applicati
Page 75 and 76: proc_has_privilege( ) int proc_has_
Page 77 and 78: Entitlement Assignment int proc_cre
Page 79 and 80: SEP Drivers • Hosts all SEP drive
Page 81 and 82: Driver Interaction Retrieves SEPD t
Page 83 and 84: SEP Services • Hosts various SEP
Page 85 and 86:
Service Interaction Retrieves sepS
Page 87 and 88:
Demystifying the Secure Enclave Pro
Page 89 and 90:
Attack Surface: AKF Endpoints • E
Page 91 and 92:
Attack Surface: Endpoint Handler SE
Page 93 and 94:
Address Space Layout - Image • SE
Page 95 and 96:
Stack Corruptions • The main thre
Page 97 and 98:
Stack Corruptions • SEP applicati
Page 99 and 100:
Heap Corruptions: malloc() Free Lis
Page 101 and 102:
No-Execute Protection • SEPOS imp
Page 103 and 104:
Attack Surface: BootROM • Effecti
Page 105 and 106:
Attack Surface: Hardware • Memory
Page 107 and 108:
End Game: JTAG • Glitch the fuse
Page 109 and 110:
Conclusion • SEP(OS) was designed
Page 111 and 112:
Thanks! • Questions?
Page 113 and 114:
SEPOS: System Methods Class Id Meth
Page 115 and 116:
SEPOS: Object Methods (2/2) Class I
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Demystifying the Secure Enclave Processor

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