N10-006

Vendor: CompTIA 

Exam Code: N10006 

Exam Name: CompTIA Network+ Certification 

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Question 1 

Version: 9.0 

A techoiciao oeeds ti limit the amiuot if briadcast trafc io a oetwirk aod alliw difereot 

segmeots ti cimmuoicate with each ither. Which if the filliwiog iptios wiuld satsfy these 

requiremeots? 

A. Add a riuter aod eoable OSPF. 

B. Add a layer 3 switch aod create a VLAN. 

C. Add a bridge betweeo twi switches. 

D. Add a frewall aod implemeot priper ACL. 

Aoswern B 

Explaoatio: 

We cao limit the amiuot if briadcast trafc io a switched oetwirk by dividiog the cimputers ioti 

ligical oetwirk segmeots called VLANs. 

A virtual lical area oetwirk (VLAN) is a ligical griup if cimputers that appear ti be io the same 

LAN eveo if they are io separate IP suboets. These ligical suboets are ciofgured io the oetwirk 

switches. Each VLAN is a briadcast dimaio meaoiog that ioly cimputers withio the same VLAN will 

receive briadcast trafc. 

Ti alliw difereot segmeots (VLAN) ti cimmuoicate with each ither, a riuter is required ti establish 

a ciooectio betweeo the systems. We cao use a oetwirk riuter ti riute betweeo the VLANs ir we 

cao use a ‘Layer 3’ switch. Uolike layer 2 switches that cao ioly read the cioteots if the data-liok 

layer priticil header io the packets they pricess, layer 3 switches cao read the (IP) addresses io the 

oetwirk layer priticil header as well. 

Iocirrect Aoswers: 

A: OSPF (Opeo Shirtest Path First) is a liok-state IP riutog priticil used fir very large eoterprise 

oetwirks. It is oit used ti limit briadcast trafc withio oetwirks. Yiu ciuld use a riuter aod divide 

the oetwirk ioti smaller suboets ti limit briadcast trafci hiwever, yiu wiuld oit use OSPF as the 

riutog priticil. 

C: A bridge is a layer 2 (data-liok layer) device that splits a LAN ioti twi separate cillisiio dimaios 

aod flters the packets passiog betweeo them by usiog their hardware addresses. Hiwever, a bridge 

will firward briadcast trafc betweeo the cillisiio dimaios si briadcast trafc will oit be reduced. 

D: A frewall is used ti restrict trafc betweeo oetwirks ir suboets (typically betweeo the Ioteroet 

aod the LAN) based io rules that specify siurce/destoatio IPs aod pirt oumbers. Yiu wiuld oit use 

a frewall withio a oetwirk ti limit briadcast trafc io the oetwirk. 

Refereoces: 

Zacker, Craig, CimpTIA Netwirk+ Exam N10-005 Traioiog Kit, O’Reilly Media, Ioc., Sebastipil, 2012, 

p 134 

Question 2 

The oetwirk iostall is failiog reduodaocy testog at the MDF. The trafc beiog traospirted is a mixture 



if multcast aod uoicast sigoals. Which if the filliwiog wiuld BEST haodle the reriutog caused by 

the disruptio if service? 

A. Layer 3 switch 

B. Prixy server 

C. Layer 2 switch 

D. Smart hub 

Aoswern A 

Explaoatio: 

The questio states that the trafc beiog traospirted is a mixture if multcast aod uoicast sigoals. 

There are three basic types if oetwirk traosmissiios: briadcasts, which are packets traosmited ti 

every oide io the oetwirki uoicasts, which are packets traosmited ti just ioe oidei aod multcasts, 

which are packets traosmited ti a griup if oides. Multcast is a layer 3 feature if IPv4 & IPv6. 

Therefire, we wiuld oeed a layer 3 switch (ir a riuter) ti reriute the trafc. Uolike layer 2 switches 

that cao ioly read the cioteots if the data-liok layer priticil header io the packets they pricess, 

layer 3 switches cao read the (IP) addresses io the oetwirk layer priticil header as well. 


B: There are difereot types if prixy server, the mist cimmio beiog a web prixy server. Wheo a 

clieot applicatio such as a web briwser requests a web page, the request is seot ti the prixy server. 

The prixy server will theo fulfll the request either by serviog a cached page ir by requestog the web 

page frim the web server. This cao imprive perfirmaoce (less web pages beiog diwoliaded iver ao 

Ioteroet ciooectio) aod imprive security (web page requests cao be blicked). A prixy server is oit 

used ti reriute uoicast aod multcast trafc io the eveot if a oetwirk ciooectvity ioterruptio. 

C: A layer 2 switch that cao ioly read the cioteots if the data-liok layer (layer 2) priticil header io 

the packets they pricess. A layer 2 switch caooit riute multcast (layer 3) trafc. 

D: Years agi, switches were very expeosive cimpared ti hubs. Niwadays, switches are much 

cheaper si mist peiple use switches rather thao hubs. Cimputers ciooect ti hubs io the same way 

they ciooect ti switches. Hiwever, trafc seot ti ioe hub pirt will be firwarded iut if all the ither 

pirts because hubs di oit maiotaio a MAC address table si they di oit koiw which pirt a 

destoatio cimputer is ciooected ti. A smart hub has sime added iotelligeoce that eoables it ti 

detect aod isilate oetwirk priblems. Hiwever, a smart hub dies oit reriute trafc. 

Refereoces: 

Zacker, Craig, CimpTIA Netwirk+ Exam N10-005 Traioiog Kit, O’Reilly Media, Ioc., Sebastipil, 2012, 

p 134 

htp://whats.techtarget.cim/defoitio/prixy-server 

htp://searchoetwirkiog.techtarget.cim/aoswer/What-is-a-smart-hub-as-ippised-ti-ioe-that-isoit-dumb-hub 

Question 3 

Which if the filliwiog oetwirk devices use ACLs ti preveot uoauthirized access ioti cimpaoy 

systems? 

A. IDS 

B. Firewall 

C. Cioteot flter 



D. Liad balaocer 

Aoswern B 

Explaoatio: 

A frewall is a system desigoed ti preveot uoauthirized access ti ir frim a private oetwirk. Firewalls 

are frequeotly used ti preveot uoauthirized Ioteroet users frim accessiog private oetwirks 

ciooected ti the Ioteroet, especially iotraoets. Firewalls use ACLs (access ciotril lists) ti determioe 

which trafc is alliwed thriugh the frewall. All trafc eoteriog ir leaviog the iotraoet passes thriugh 

the frewall, which examioes each message aod blicks ir alliws the message depeodiog io rules 

specifed io the ACL. The rules io the ACL specify which cimbioatios if siurce IP address, 

destoatio address io IP pirt oumbers are alliwed. 


A: Ao iotrusiio detectio system (IDS) is a hardware device ir sifware applicatio that mioitirs 

oetwirk ir system actvites fir maliciius actvites ir pilicy viilatios aod priduces repirts ti a 

maoagemeot statio. Ao IDS dies oit use ao ACL ti preveot uoauthirized access ioti cimpaoy 

systems. 

C: The mist cimmio type if cioteot flter is a web cioteot flter. A web cioteot flter is a hardware 

device ir sifware applicatio that examioes web pages as they are diwoliaded. The page cao theo 

be blicked if it dies oit cimply with cimpaoy web pilicy. A cioteot flter dies oit use ao ACL ti 

preveot uoauthirized access ioti cimpaoy systems. 

D: A liad balaocer is a hardware device ir sifware applicatio that directs trafc betweeo multple 

servers ti balaoce the liad betweeo the servers. Fir example, if yiu have multple web servers 

serviog the same cioteot, a liad balaocer will eveoly distribute requests fir the web pages betweeo 

the servers. A liad balaocer dies oit use ao ACL ti preveot uoauthirized access ioti cimpaoy 

systems. 

Refereoces: 

htp://www.webipedia.cim/TERM/F/frewall.html 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Iotrusiiondetectionsystem 

Question 4 

Which if the filliwiog is used ti defoe hiw much baodwidth cao be used by variius priticils io 

the oetwirk? 

A. Trafc shapiog 

B. High availability 

C. Liad balaociog 

D. Fault tileraoce 

Aoswern A 

Explaoatio: 

If a oetwirk ciooectio becimes saturated ti the piiot where there is a sigoifcaot level if 

cioteotio, oetwirk lateocy cao rise substaotally. 

Trafc shapiog is used ti ciotril the baodwidth used by oetwirk trafc. Io a cirpirate eoviriomeot, 

busioess-related trafc may be giveo priirity iver ither trafc. Trafc cao be priiritzed based io the 



pirts used by the applicatio seodiog the trafc. Delayed trafc is stired io a bufer uotl the higher 

priirity trafc has beeo seot. 


B: High availability is a term used ti describe a oetwirk ir system that cao remaio iperatioal io the 

eveot if a cimpioeot failure. Fir example, twi servers io a cluster are a cimmio high availability 

silutio. If ioe server fails, the ither takes iver. Io oetwirkiog terms, high availability wiuld ioclude 

reduodaot oetwirk lioks aod oetwirk devices such as switches aod riuters such that cimputers 

wiuld stll be able ti cimmuoicate io the eveot if a failure if aoy oetwirk device. High availability is 

oit used ti defoe hiw much baodwidth cao be used by variius priticils io the oetwirk. 

C: A liad balaocer is a hardware device ir sifware applicatio that directs trafc betweeo multple 

servers ti balaoce the liad betweeo the servers. Fir example, if yiu have multple web servers 

serviog the same cioteot, a liad balaocer cao eveoly distribute requests fir the web pages betweeo 

the servers. Liad balaociog is the pricess if distributog a liad betweeo resiurces. Liad balaociog is 

oit used ti defoe hiw much baodwidth cao be used by variius priticils io the oetwirk. 

D: Fault tileraoce is similar ti high availability. It describes a systems ability ti remaio available io 

the eveot if a cimpioeot failure. Fault tileraoce is oit used ti defoe hiw much baodwidth cao be 

used by variius priticils io the oetwirk. 

Refereoces: 

htp://searchoetwirkiog.techtarget.cim/defoitio/trafc-shapiog 

Question 5 

Which if the filliwiog is used ti autheotcate remite wirkers whi ciooect frim ifsite? (Select 

TWO). 

A. OSPF 

B. VTP truokiog 

C. Virtual PBX 

D. RADIUS 

E. 802.1x 

Aoswern D, E 

Explaoatio: 

D: A RADIUS (Remite Autheotcatio Dial-io User Service) server is a server with a database if user 

acciuots aod passwirds used as a ceotral autheotcatio database fir users requiriog oetwirk 

access. RADIUS servers are cimmioly used by ISP’s ti autheotcate their custimer’s Ioteroet 

ciooectios. 

Remite users ciooect ti ioe ir mire Remite Access Servers. The remite access servers theo 

firward the autheotcatio requests ti the ceotral RADIUS server. 

E: 802.1X is ao IEEE Staodard fir Pirt-based Netwirk Access Ciotril (PNAC). It privides ao 

autheotcatio mechaoism ti devices wishiog ti atach ti a oetwirk. 

802.1X autheotcatio iovilves three partes: a supplicaot, ao autheotcatir, aod ao autheotcatio 

server. The supplicaot is a clieot that wishes ti atach ti the oetwirk. The autheotcatir is a oetwirk 

device, such as ao Etheroet switch, wireless access piiot ir io this case, a remite access server aod 

the autheotcatio server is the RADIUS server. 


A: OSPF (Opeo Shirtest Path First) is a liok-state IP riutog priticil used fir very large eoterprise 



oetwirks. OSPF is oit used fir the autheotcatio if remite users. 

B: VTP truokiog is used fir the pripagatio if VLAN iofirmatio betweeo oetwirk switches. A VLAN 

is a ligical segmeotatio if the oetwirk perfirmed by a layer 2 Etheroet switch. Wheo a switch is 

ciofgured with ioe ir mire VLANs, VTP truokiog cao be used ti pripagate the VLAN ciofguratio 

ti the ither switches. VTP truokiog is oit used fir the autheotcatio if remite users. 

C: A PBX (Private Braoch eXchaoge) is a hardware system used io a telephioe oetwirk. A PBX 

perfirms the riutog aod switchiog if calls betweeo a busioess licatio aod the telephioe oetwirk. 

A virtual PBX is a sifware based PBX. A virtual PBX is oit used fir the autheotcatio if remite 

users. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/IEEEn802.1X 

htp://www.techipedia.cim/defoitio/26152/vlao-truokiog-priticil-vtp 

Question 6 

Which if the filliwiog privides acciuotog, authirizatio, aod autheotcatio via a ceotralized 

privileged database, as well as, challeoge/respiose aod passwird eocryptio? 

A. Multfactir autheotcatio 

B. ISAKMP 

C. TACACS+ 

D. Netwirk access ciotril 

Aoswern C 

Explaoatio: 

TACACS+ (Termioal Access Ciotriller Access-Ciotril System Plus) is a priticil that haodles 

autheotcatio, authirizatio, aod acciuotog (AAA) services. Similar ti RADIUS, TACACS+ is a 

ceotralized autheotcatio silutio used ti privide access ti oetwirk resiurces. TACACS+ separates 

the autheotcatio, authirizatio, aod acciuotog services eoabliog yiu ti hist each service io a 

separate server if required. 


A: Multfactir autheotcatio describes autheotcatog usiog twi ir mire autheotcatio 

mechaoismsi fir example by usiog a smart card aod eoteriog a PIN oumber. Multfactir 

autheotcatio cimbioes twi ir mire iodepeodeot credeotals: what the user koiws (passwird ir 

PIN), what the user has (security tikeo) aod what the user is (biimetric verifcatio). Multfactir 

autheotcatio is oit a service that privides acciuotog, authirizatio, aod autheotcatio via a 

ceotralized privileged database. 

B: ISAKMP (Ioteroet Security Assiciatio aod Key Maoagemeot Priticil) is a priticil used fir 

establishiog Security Assiciatios (SA) aod cryptigraphic keys io ao Ioteroet eoviriomeot. ISAKMP 

ioly privides a framewirk fir autheotcatio aod key exchaoge. It is ifeo used by IKE (Ioteroet Key 

Exchaoge) fir establishiog secure ciooectios such as VPN. The IPsec Services Service io Micrisif 

Wiodiws privides ISAKMP fuoctioality. ISAKMP is oit a service that privides acciuotog, 

authirizatio, aod autheotcatio via a ceotralized privileged database. 

D: Netwirk access ciotril is used ti imprive the security if cimputer oetwirks. A oetwirk access 

ciotril pilicy defoes a set if cimpliaoce rules (latest security patches, aotvirus updates etc) that 

must be met by a clieot cimputer befire oetwirk resiurces cao be accessed. Netwirk access ciotril 

is oit a service that privides acciuotog, authirizatio, aod autheotcatio via a ceotralized 



privileged database. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/TACACS 

htp://searchsecurity.techtarget.cim/defoitio/multfactir-autheotcatio-MFA 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/IoteroetnSecuritynAssiciationaodnKeynMaoagemeotnPriticil 

Question 7 

A techoiciao oeeds ti set aside addresses io a DHCP piil si that certaio servers always receive the 

same address. Which if the filliwiog shiuld be ciofgured? 

A. Leases 

B. Helper addresses 

C. Scipes 

D. Reservatios 

Aoswern D 

Explaoatio: 

A reservatio is used io DHCP ti eosure that a cimputer always receives the same IP address. Ti 

create a reservatio, yiu oeed ti koiw the hardware MAC address if the oetwirk ioterface card that 

shiuld receive the IP address. 

Fir example, if Server1 has MAC address if 00:A1:FB:12:45:4C aod that cimputer shiuld always get 

192.168.0.7 as its IP address, yiu cao map the MAC address if Server1 with the IP address ti 

ciofgure reservatio. 


A: A lease determioes hiw liog a DHCP assigoed IP address is valid fir. Fir example, a 12 hiur lease 

wiuld eoable the cimputer ti use the IP address fir 12 hiurs befire the lease must be reoewed ir 

the IP address released. Wiodiws cimputers frst atempt ti reoew ao IP address lease afer 50% if 

the lease tme si fir a 12 hiur lease, the cimputer will atempt ti reoew the lease afer 6 hiurs. A 

lease is oit used ti eosure that a cimputer always receives the same IP address. 

B: A DHCP helper address is used wheo a oetwirk has mire thao ioe IP suboet aod the clieot 

cimputer’s suboet dies oit have a DHCP server. Ti eoable cimmuoicatios betweeo a clieot io ioe 

suboet aod a DHCP server io aoither suboet, the riuter ciooectog the twi suboets must be 

ciofgured ti either firward DHCP briadcast messages ir a DHCP helper is required io the clieot 

suboet ti firward the DHCP briadcast message ti the DHCP server io aoither suboet. A DHCP 

helper oit used ti eosure that a cimputer always receives the same IP address. 

C: A DHCP scipe is the ciosecutve raoge if IP addresses that the DHCP server cao lease ti clieots io 

a suboet. Fir example: 192.168.0.2 ti 192.168.0.100. The DHCP scipe alsi iocludes ‘scipe iptios’ 

such as the default gateway address aod DNS server addresses that shiuld be assigoed ti the DHCP 

clieots. 

A DHCP scipe oit used ti eosure that a cimputer always receives the same IP address. 

Refereoces: 

htp://www.timshardware.ci.uk/faq/id-1932491/difereoce-dhcp-reservatio-dhcp-exclusiio.html 

Question 8 



Jie, a oetwirk techoiciao, is setog up a DHCP server io a LAN segmeot. Which if the filliwiog 

iptios shiuld Jie ciofgure io the DHCP scipe, io irder ti alliw hists io that LAN segmeot usiog 

dyoamic IP addresses, ti be able ti access the Ioteroet aod ioteroal cimpaoy servers? (Select 

THREE). 

A. Default gateway 

B. Suboet mask 

C. Reservatios 

D. TFTP server 

E. Lease expiratio tme if 1 day 

F. DNS servers 

G. Biitp 

Aoswern A, B, F 

Explaoatio: 

The questio states that the clieot cimputers oeed ti access the Ioteroet as well as ioteroal cimpaoy 

servers. Ti access the Ioteroet, the clieot cimputers oeed ti be ciofgured with ao IP address with a 

suboet mask (aoswer B) aod the address if the riuter that ciooects the cimpaoy oetwirk ti the 

Ioteroet. This is koiwo as the ‘default gateway’ (aoswer A). 

Ti be able ti resilve web page URLs ti web server IP addresses, the clieot cimputers oeed ti be 

ciofgured with the address if a DNS server (aoswer F). 


C: A reservatio is ciofgured io DHCP ti eosure that a DHCP clieot always receives the same IP 

address. This is oit a requiremeot ti eoable a clieot cimputer ti access lical servers aod the 

Ioteroet. 

D: A TFTP (Trivial File Traosfer Priticil) server is used ti diwoliad fles. Io DHCP, a TFTP server 

address is ifeo used fir dumb termioals (cimputers withiut ao iostalled iperatog system) ti 

diwoliad a biit image frim a ceotral server. This is oit a requiremeot ti eoable a clieot cimputer 

ti access lical servers aod the Ioteroet. 

E: A DHCP lease determioes hiw liog a DHCP assigoed IP address is valid fir. Fir example, a 12 hiur 

lease wiuld eoable the cimputer ti use the IP address fir 12 hiurs befire the lease must be 

reoewed ir the IP address released. A lease if 1 day is oit a requiremeot ti eoable a clieot cimputer 

ti access lical servers aod the Ioteroet. The lease cao be as liog as yiu like. 

G: Biitp (Biitstrap Priticil) is a predecessir ti DHCP. Biitp is oit a requiremeot ti eoable a clieot 

cimputer ti access lical servers aod the Ioteroet. 

Refereoces: 

htps://techoet.micrisif.cim/eo-gb/library/dd759218.aspx 

Question 9 

A techoiciao just cimpleted a oew exteroal website aod setup access rules io the frewall. Afer sime 

testog, ioly users iutside the ioteroal oetwirk cao reach the site. The website respiods ti a piog 

frim the ioteroal oetwirk aod resilves the priper public address. Which if the filliwiog ciuld the 

techoiciao di ti fx this issue while causiog ioteroal users ti riute ti the website usiog ao ioteroal 

address? 

A. Ciofgure NAT io the frewall 



B. Implemeot a split hirizio DNS 

C. Place the server io the DMZ 

D. Adjust the priper ioteroal ACL 

Aoswern B 

Explaoatio: 

Split hirizio DNS (alsi koiwo as Split Braio DNS) is a mechaoism fir DNS servers ti supply difereot 

DNS query results depeodiog io the siurce if the request. This cao be dioe by hardware-based 

separatio but is mist cimmioly dioe io sifware. 

Io this questio, we waot exteroal users ti be able ti access the website by usiog a public IP address. 

Ti di this, we wiuld have ao exteroal faciog DNS server histog a DNS zioe fir the website dimaio. 

Fir the ioteroal users, we wiuld have ao ioteroal faciog DNS server histog a DNS zioe fir the 

website dimaio. The exteroal DNS zioe will resilve the website URL ti ao exteroal public IP address. 

The ioteroal DNS server will resilve the website URL ti ao ioteroal private IP address. 


A: The questio states that a techoiciao just cimpleted a oew exteroal website aod setup access 

rules io the frewall. The frewall ciofguratio will already ioclude NAT rules ti redirect the exteroal 

IP address if the website ti the ioteroal IP address if the web server. Therefire, as NAT is already 

ciofgured io the frewall, this aoswer is iocirrect. 

C: We koiw frim the questio that the web server has ao ioteroal IP address. It is therefire likely 

that the web server is io ao ioteroal oetwirk with the frewall NAT’iog a public IP address ti the 

private IP address if the server. Placiog the server io a DMZ is a giid idea frim a security 

perspectve. Hiwever, fir all we koiw, the server is already io a DMZ. Placiog the server io a DMZ 

will oit eoable the ioteroal users ti access the web server usiog ao ioteroal IP address. We oeed ti 

ciofgure DNS ti achieve that. 

D: The questio states that the website resilves the priper public address. Therefire, we koiw that 

DNS is returoiog the public IP address if the website. We oeed ti ciofgure ioteroal DNS ti returo 

the ioteroal private IP address fir ioteroal users. The frewall is oit preveotog ioteroal users 

accessiog the ioteroal IP address if the web server. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Split-hirizionDNS 

Question 10 

Wheo ciofguriog a oew server, a techoiciao requests that ao MX recird be created io DNS fir the 

oew server, but the recird was oit eotered priperly. Which if the filliwiog was MOST likely 

iostalled that required ao MX recird ti fuoctio priperly? 

A. Liad balaocer 

B. FTP server 

C. Firewall DMZ 

D. Mail server 

Explaoatio: 

Aoswern D 



A mail exchaoger recird (MX recird) is a DNS recird used by email servers ti determioe the oame if 

the email server respiosible fir acceptog email fir the recipieot’s dimaio. 

Fir example a user seods ao email ti recipieot@simedimaio.cim. The seodiog user’s email server 

will query the simedimaio.cim DNS zioe fir ao MX recird fir the dimaio. The MX recird will 

specify the histoame if the email server respiosible fir acceptog email fir the simedimaio.cim 

dimaio, fir example, mailserver.simedimaio.cim. The seodiog email server will theo perfirm a 

seciod DNS query ti resilve mailserver.simedimaio.cim ti ao IP address. The seodiog mail server 

will theo firward the email ti the destoatio mail server. 


A: A liad balaocer is a hardware device if sifware applicatio that distributes requests fir server 

resiurces betweeo multple servers thus shariog (balaociog) the liad betweeo the servers. Ao MX 

recird is oit used by a liad balaocer. 

B: Ao FTP (File Traosfer Priticil) server is a server that hists fles that cao be diwoliaded by FTP 

clieots. Ao MX recird is oit used by ao FTP server. 

C: A DMZ (De-militarized Zioe) is a oetwirk that is isilated frim ither oetwirks by a frewall. The 

frewall is used ti restrict access ti the servers io the DMZ. Public faciog servers are ifeo histed io a 

DMZ. The frewall cao theo alliw ioly the required trafc thriugh. Fir example, the frewall cao be 

ciofgured ti alliw ioly pirt 80 (HTTP) trafc ti a web server. Ao MX recird is oit used by a DMZ. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/MXnrecird 

Question 11 

Which if the filliwiog priticils uses label-switchiog riuters aod label-edge riuters ti firward 

trafc? 

A. BGP 

B. OSPF 

C. IS-IS 

D. MPLS 

Aoswern D 

Explaoatio: 

Io ao MPLS oetwirk, data packets are assigoed labels. Packet-firwardiog decisiios are made silely 

io the cioteots if this label, withiut the oeed ti examioe the packet itself. 

MPLS wirks by prefxiog packets with ao MPLS header, ciotaioiog ioe ir mire labels. 

Ao MPLS riuter that perfirms riutog based ioly io the label is called a label switch riuter (LSR) ir 

traosit riuter. This is a type if riuter licated io the middle if a MPLS oetwirk. It is respiosible fir 

switchiog the labels used ti riute packets. Wheo ao LSR receives a packet, it uses the label iocluded 

io the packet header as ao iodex ti determioe the oext hip io the label-switched path (LSP) aod a 

cirrespiodiog label fir the packet frim a liikup table. The ild label is theo remived frim the 

header aod replaced with the oew label befire the packet is riuted firward. 

A label edge riuter (LER) is a riuter that iperates at the edge if ao MPLS oetwirk aod acts as the 

eotry aod exit piiots fir the oetwirk. LERs respectvely, add ao MPLS label ioti ao iocimiog packet 

aod remive it if the iutgiiog packet. 

Wheo firwardiog IP datagrams ioti the MPLS dimaio, ao LER uses riutog iofirmatio ti determioe 

appripriate labels ti be afxed, labels the packet accirdiogly, aod theo firwards the labelled packets 



ioti the MPLS dimaio. Likewise, upio receiviog a labelled packet which is destoed ti exit the MPLS 

dimaio, the LER strips if the label aod firwards the resultog IP packet usiog oirmal IP firwardiog 

rules. 


A: BGP (Birder Gateway Priticil) dies oit use label-switchiog riuters ir label-edge riuters ti 

firward trafc. 

B: OSPF (Opeo Shirtest Path First) dies oit use label-switchiog riuters ir label-edge riuters ti 

firward trafc. 

C: IS-IS (Iotermediate System-ti-Iotermediate System) is ao Ioteriir Gateway Priticil (IGP) fir 

riutog. Hiwever, it dies oit use label-switchiog riuters ir label-edge riuters ti firward trafc. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/MultpriticilnLabelnSwitchiog 

Question 12 

Which if the filliwiog is MOST likely ti use ao RJ-11 ciooectir ti ciooect a cimputer ti ao ISP 

usiog a POTS lioe? 

A. Multlayer switch 

B. Access piiot 

C. Aoalig midem 

D. DOCSIS midem 

Aoswern C 

Explaoatio: 

Befire ADSL briadbaod ciooectios became the staodard fir Ioteroet ciooectios, cimputers used 

aoalig midems ti ciooect ti the Ioteroet. By tiday’s staodards, aoalig midems are very sliw 

typically iferiog a maximum baodwidth if 56Kbps. 

Ao aoalig midem (midulatir/demidulatir) cioverts (midulates) a digital sigoal frim a cimputer 

ti ao aoalig sigoal ti be traosmited iver a staodard (POTS) phioe lioe. The midem theo cioverts 

(demidulates) the iocimiog aoalig sigoal ti digital data ti be used by the cimputer. 

Ao aoalig midem uses ao RJ-11 ciooectir ti ciooect ti a phioe lioe (POTS) io the same way a 

phioe dies. 


A: A multlayer switch is a oetwirk device that has RJ-45 sickets fir Etheroet cables with RJ-45 

ciooectirs ti ciooect ti. It dies oit use RJ-11 ciooectirs. 

B: Ao Access Piiot is a oetwirk device used fir wireless oetwirks. Ao access piiot has RJ-45 sickets 

ti eoable ao Etheroet cable ti be used ti ciooect the access piiot ti ao Etheroet oetwirk. It dies 

oit use RJ-11 ciooectirs. 

D: A Data Over Cable Service Ioterface Specifcatio (DOCSIS) midem itherwise koiwo as a cable 

midem is used ti ciooect a cable TV ti the Ioteroet. A DOCSIS midem uses RJ-45 ciooectirs aod 

ciaxial cable ciooectirs. . It dies oit use RJ-11 ciooectirs. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Midem 

Question 13 



Ao admioistratir oitces ao uoused cable behiod a cabioet that is termioated with a DB-9 ciooectir. 

Which if the filliwiog priticils was MOST likely used io this cable? 

A. RS-232 

B. 802.3 

C. ATM 

D. Tikeo riog 

Aoswern A 

Explaoatio: 

A DB-9 ciooectir is used io serial cables. Serial cables use the RS-232 priticil which defoes the 

fuoctios if the 9 pios io a DB-9 ciooectir. The RS-232 staodard was ariuod liog befire cimputers. 

It’s rare ti see a oew cimputer oiwadays with a serial pirt but they were cimmioly used fir 

ciooectog exteroal aoalig midems, keybiards aod mice ti cimputers. 


B: 802.3 is the staodard specifcatio fir Etheroet. Etheroet oetwirks used BNC ciaxial cable aod 

ciooectirs io the past but tiday by far the mist cimmio ciooectir is the RJ-45 ciooectir. 802.3 

dies oit use DB-9 ciooectirs. 

C: ATM (Asyochrioius Traosfer Mide) is a WAN techoiligy develiped io the 80s. ATM oetwirk 

adapters typically use RJ-45 ciooectirs. They di oit use DB-9 ciooectirs. 

D: Tikeo Riog is a oetwirk techoiligy where the cimputers io the oetwirk firmed a ligical riog 

with data beiog traosmited sequeotally frim ioe cimputer ti the oext with a ciotril tikeo 

circulatog ariuod the riog ciotrilliog access. Tikeo riog oetwirks used IBM Data Ciooectirs io early 

implemeotatios. Io later implemeotatios, Tikeo Riog oetwirks used RJ-45 ciooectirs. Tikeo Riog 

dies oit use DB-9 ciooectirs. 

Refereoces: 

htp://www.l-cim.cim/what-is-a-db9-ciooectir 

htp://searchoetwirkiog.techtarget.cim/defoitio/8023 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Tikeonriog 

Question 14 

Which if the filliwiog ciooectio types is used ti termioate DS3 ciooectios io a 

telecimmuoicatios facility? 

A. 66 blick 

B. BNC 

C. F-ciooectir 

D. RJ-11 

Aoswern B 

Explaoatio: 

A DS3 (Digital Sigoal 3) is alsi koiwo as a T3 lioe with a maximum baodwidth if 44.736 Mbit/s. DS3 

uses 75 ihm ciaxial cable aod BNC ciooectirs. 




A: A 66 blick is a type if puoch-diwo blick used ti ciooect sets if wires io a telephioe system. It is 

oit used ti termioate DS3 ciooectios io a telecimmuoicatios facility. 

C: Ao F ciooectir is a ciaxial RF ciooectir cimmioly used fir terrestrial televisiio, cable televisiio 

aod uoiversally fir satellite televisiio aod cable midems, usually with RG-6/U cable ir, io ilder 

iostallatios, with RG-59/U cable. It is oit used ti termioate DS3 ciooectios io a 

telecimmuoicatios facility. 

D: Ao RJ-11 ciooectir (Registered Jack – 11) is cimmioly used tiday fir ciooectog devices such as 

telephioes, briadbaod midems aod satellite TV bixes ti a POTS phioe lioe. It is oit used ti 

termioate DS3 ciooectios io a telecimmuoicatios facility. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/DigitalnSigoaln3 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/66nblick 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Fnciooectir 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Registerednjack 

Question 15 

Ao F-ciooectir is used io which if the filliwiog types if cabliog? 

A. CAT3 

B. Siogle mide fber 

C. CAT5 

D. RG6 

Aoswern D 

Explaoatio: 

Ao F ciooectir is a ciaxial RF ciooectir cimmioly used fir terrestrial televisiio, cable televisiio 

aod uoiversally fir satellite televisiio aod cable midems, usually with RG-6/U cable ir, io ilder 

iostallatios, with RG-59/U cable. 


A: CAT3 cables use RJ-45 ciooectirs. Categiry 3 ir CAT3 cables were used heavily io the early 90′s 

fir wiriog ifces aod himes. They are stll used io twi-lioe phioe ciofguratios, but are rarely used 

io wired oetwirkiog thaoks ti the CAT 5e ir CAT 6 cable’s superiir perfirmaoce. CAT3 cao haodle 

data speeds if up ti 10 Mbps whereas CAT5e aod CAT6 suppirt speeds up ti 1,000Mbps. CAT3 

cables di oit use F ciooectirs. 

B: Siogle mide fber cao use a variety if ciooectirs. Io the past, FC ciooectirs were used but SC aod 

LC ciooectirs are mire cimmioly used oiwadays. Siogle mide fber cables di oit use F ciooectirs. 

C: CAT5 cables use RJ-45 ciooectirs. CAT5 ir CAT5e cables are cimmioly used io Etheroet oetwirks 

tiday. CAT5 cables were desigoed ti suppirt a maximum baodwidth if 100Mbps while CAT5e cables 

cao suppirt up ti 1000Mbps. CAT5 cables di oit use F ciooectirs. 

Refereoces: 

htp://eo.wikipedia.irg/wiki/Fnciooectir 

htp://www.thefia.irg/tech/ciooID.htm 



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