LEFTOVERS FOR LIVESTOCK

68
See 21 C.F.R. § 507.5(d).
69
Id. §§ 117.3, 507.3.
70
Id. §§ 117.5, 507.5(d).
71
Id.
72
See id. § 507.28(a)–(c).
73
See id. §§ 117.3, 507.3 (defining a “facility” as “a domestic facility or foreign facility that is required to register under section 415
of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act . . . .”).
74
See id. § 507.5; see also id. § 117.3.
75
See id. § 117.5, 507.5.
76
Note that this rule is consistent with the SHPA and many state garbage-feeding restrictions that exempt individuals who feed
household garbage to their own swine. See 9 C.F.R. § 166.1; Appendix A.
77
FDA defines food as “articles used for food or drink for man or other animals.” 21 U.S.C. § 321(2)(f) (2012). Hence, any article
that is intended to be used in animal feed or drinking water is considered “food” and thus subject to the FFDCA.
78
Id. § 342(1).
79
Id. § 343.
80
FDA Product Regulation, http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/Products/AnimalFoodFeeds/ucm050223.htm (last visited Mar.
12, 2016).
81
FDA Animal Food & Feeds Product Regulation, http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/Products/AnimalFoodFeeds/ ucm050223.
htm (last visited Jan. 4, 2016).
82
See 21 C.F.R. § 501.
83
Id. § 501.5.
84
Id. § 501.17.
85
Id. § 501.22.
86
Id. § 321(2)(m).
87
FDA Animal Food & Feeds Product Regulation, supra note 81.
88
Id.
89
The Official Publication of the AAFCO is updated yearly and can be obtained by contacting the AAFCO at AAFCO@ aafco.org. See
also the AAFCO website, http://www.aafco.org/ (last visited Jan. 4, 2016).
90
Alabama, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, South Carolina,
Texas, Vermont, and Wisconsin; see also Table 1 for a summary of each state’s law.
91
Alabama, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Dakota, Oregon, and Wisconsin.
92
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan,
Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming;; see also Table 1.
93
Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, and
Wyoming; see also Table 1.
94
James D. Ferguson, Food Waste as Animal Feed, in Food Waste Across the Supply Chain: A U.S. Perspective on a Global
Problem 235 (Zhengxia Dou et al. eds., 2016); see also M.L. Westendorf & R.O. Myer, Feeding Food Wastes to Swine 3
(Univ. of Florida Animal Sciences Dept., Paper No. AS143, 2015); Food & Agriculture Org. of the U.N., Farmer’s Hand Book on Pig
Production, GCP/NEP/065/EC (2009), http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/ documents/pigs/Handbook%20on%20Pig%20
Production_English%20layout-Vietanm-Draft.pdf.
95
Telephone Interview with David Driscoll, Development Specialist, Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of
Agriculture (Nov. 23, 2015).
96
Telephone Interview with Laura Ayers, Livestock Inspector, Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Animal Industry Division (Jan. 13,
2016).
97
Email from Jay Miller, Attorney 3, Ellington Agricultural Center, Tennessee Department of Agriculture, to author (Apr. 21, 2016,
11:50 EST) (on file with author).
98
Id.
Images on cover and pages 1, 2, 6, and 8 provided by Beana Bern for Sterling College, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/sterlingcollege/
albums.
August 2016 Leftovers for Livestock: A Legal Guide for Using Excess Food as Animal Feed |62