Hafnium
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HAFNIUM<br />
BY- PRATYUSH AGARWAL<br />
6C
WHAT IS HAFNIUM ???<br />
<strong>Hafnium</strong> is a chemical element with symbol Hf<br />
and it’s atomic number 72. A Shining, silvery<br />
gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium<br />
chemically resembles zirconium and is found<br />
in zirconium minerals.
WHERE IS HAFNIUM FOUND ???<br />
It was finally discovered by George Charles de<br />
Hevesy and Dirk Coster at the University of<br />
Copenhagen in 1923. It was found in a zirconium<br />
mineral, a Norwegian zircon, but it had proved very<br />
difficult to separate it from zirconium and this<br />
explained why hafnium remained undiscovered for<br />
so long.
WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF HAFNIUM ?<br />
<strong>Hafnium</strong> is a bright, silvery-gray metal that is<br />
very ductile .Ductile means capable of being drawn<br />
into thin wires. It’s melting point is about 2,150°C<br />
(3,900°F) and its boiling point about 5,400°C<br />
(9,700°F). Its density is 13.1 grams per cubic<br />
centimeter.
WHAT ARE THE MAJOR COMPOUNDS OF HAFNIUM?<br />
1) <strong>Hafnium</strong> Oxide. HfO2. 210.4888.<br />
2) <strong>Hafnium</strong>(IV) Oxychloride Octahydrate. HfOCl2.8H2O. 409.5176.<br />
3) <strong>Hafnium</strong> Nitrate. Hf(NO3)4. 426.5096.<br />
4) <strong>Hafnium</strong>(IV) Bromide. HfBr4. 498.106.<br />
5) <strong>Hafnium</strong> Tetrachloride. HfCl4. 320.302.<br />
6) <strong>Hafnium</strong>(IV) Fluoride. HfF4. 254.4836.<br />
7) <strong>Hafnium</strong> Iodide. Hfl4. 178.49.<br />
8) <strong>Hafnium</strong>(IV) Sulfate. Hf(SO4)2. 370.6152.
HOW IS HAFNIUM USED ON DAILY LIFE ???<br />
<strong>Hafnium</strong> is used for nuclear reactor control rods<br />
because of its ability to absorb neutrons and its good<br />
mechanical and corrosion resistance qualities. This<br />
is in complete contrast to zirconium, which although<br />
is chemically is very similar to hafnium, is very poor<br />
at absorbing neutrons.
WORK CITED<br />
www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&hl=en-US&q=what is hafnium. Accessed<br />
19 Feb. 2017.<br />
www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&hl=en-US&q=what is<br />
hafnium#safe=strict&hl=en-US&q=where is hafnium found. Accessed 19 Feb. 2017.<br />
www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&hl=en-US&q=what is<br />
hafnium#safe=strict&hl=en-US&q=what are the physical properties of hafnium. Accessed 19 Feb. 2017.<br />
www.endmemo.com/chem/common/hafnium.php. Accessed 19 Feb. 2017.<br />
www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&hl=en-US&q=what is<br />
hafnium#safe=strict&hl=en-US&q=how is hafnium used in daily life. Accessed 19 Feb. 2017.
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