ATEX Pocket Guide Equipment for potentially explosive ... - LCIE

ATEX Pocket Guide
Equipment for potentially
explosive atmospheres
For the benefit of business and people

Introduction
LCIE has produced this booklet to help its
clients and provide useful information
for manufacturers, technicians, engineers,
fitters, marketing staff and end users.
This handy guide has been designed for quick
and easy reference. Readers will find concise
answers to any queries they may have about
the regulations concerning equipment for
potentially explosive atmospheres.
To cover certain aspects in more depth, LCIE has
also created a number of technical assistance
modules, ASSIST PRESS, together with a
series of FORMATEX training sessions. These
have been developed to provide clients with
relevant and up-to-date information.

Contents
Contents
Introduction
Services provided by LCIE 2
➜ Certification
➜ Examination in accordance with
2
ATEX 94/9/EC Directive 2
➜ Special tests or tests to foreign standards 2
➜ Training 2
➜ Audits, expert analysis, studies, assessment 3
➜ Site inspection and control 3
➜ Technical assistance 3
➜ Fields covered 3
ATEX directives 4
➜ The Directive 99/92/EC 4
➜ The ATEX 94/9/EC Directive 4
➜ ATEX assemblies and installations 5
Certification 6
➜ Standards and types of protection 6
➜ Meaning of marking codes 7
➜ Marking temperatures, gas groups, hazardous areas
➜ Degrees of protection, correlation with NEMA
8
standards 9
ATEX 94/9/EC Directive (March 23 1994)
➜ Classification of equipment by group
10
and category 10
➜ Conformity assessment procedures 11
➜ Marking of equipment 12
➜ Essential safety requirements 13
➜ Other applicable directives 13
LCIE’s clients 14
Services offered by LCIE 15
Index 16
1

Services provided by LCIE
Services provided by LCIE
Certification
LCIE is approved by the French Ministry of Industry to certify a
wide range of electrical equipment.
Examination in accordance with
ATEX 94/9/EC Directive
LCIE is recognized by the European Commission as a notified
body (identification no. 0081) for all modules of this directive, and
as such may examine equipment, protective systems, components,
safety devices, controlling devices and regulating devices.
LCIE is approved by French accreditation committee
COFRAC - Laboratory section (Test sector) for tests on
equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres
(accreditation No. 1-0311).
Special tests or tests to foreign standards
LCIE performs equipment tests to international (IEC) or foreign
standards.
In the framework of reciprocal agreements, LCIE carries out
verifications and tests according to the standards in effect
in the following countries:
- Canada: CSA
®
- U.S.A.: UL - FM
- Australia: QAS - Test Safe - Simtars
- Brazil: UCIEE
- Argentina: BVA
LCIE is also authorized to perform tests by the Japanese
Ministry of Labour (TIIS) by the SIPAI, the CQST, the PCEC
(China), and by the KGS (Korea)..
Training
FORMATEX training sessions are regularly run by LCIE or
on company premises. The main subjects covered are:
■ regulations, protection principles, hazardous areas,
use and installation of equipment
■ manufacture according to standardized types of protection:
d, i, e, p, m, o, q, dust
■ Directive 94/9/EC: principle, classification of equipment,
conformity assessment procedures, marking,
specific marking.
The organisation of the training sessions is run by BV.
FM
APPROVED
2

Audits, expert analysis, studies, assessment
Fields covered include standardization development,
special explosion tests, numerical simulation, risk research
(thermodynamics, heat science, mechanics, chemistry, etc.),
quality assurance and electrostatics.
Site inspection and control
Inspections which are generally performed on-site are based
on the following documents:
■ National regulations
■ European standards EN 50014 and above
■ French standard NFC 15100 (risk BE3)
■ European standard EN 60079-14
■ International standard IEC 60079.14
Technical assistance
Technical assistance provided by LCIE particularly concerns:
■ identification of hazardous areas
■ verification of equipment with respect to hazardous areas
■ ASSIST PRESS
Fields covered
Under the certification procedure, LCIE examines
all types of electrical and electronic equipment
in the following fields:
■ rotating machines
■ transformers
■ telecommunications
■ detection, measurement, analysis
■ control and signalling
■ lighting
■ electrical connections
■ heating
Over 5,000 certificates have been issued, to very
different kinds of manufacturers.
3

ATEX directives
The Directive 99/92/EC concerns the end-users e.g..:
Refineries, gas compressing-units.
This Directive stipulates that as of June 2003 new
equipment bought by the end user shall be conforming to
Directive 94/9/EC. For equipment already in place end-users
have three years to assess their Ex safety level in order to
determine whether it can be kept in operation as such or need
to be updated or partially retested, or replaced. Before starting
up, new equipment should have proven their compliance with
the 94/9/EC Directive.
It is defined that the zoning responsibility lies on the shoulder
of the end-user. This means he must update the zoning of its
premises every time a change affecting the zoning occurs
e.g.: changing its progress, changing the organisation, of its
units, revamping them or putting in operation assemblies that
due to their intended use bring their own zoning.
This, of course includes the new assemblies in relation
to the conditions that may affect them e.g.: existing zoning,
temperature condition.
The ATEX 94/9/EC concerns the manufacturers e.g.:
of products, of small, medium big size assembly. They have
to determine whether their equipment have to be submitted
to the Directive. The Directive 94/9/EC ATEX Guide for this
Directive gives the way to conduct this assessment.
A manufacturer is the person responsible for the design,
the construction and for the progress of certification.
All these tasks may be subcontracted provided the
manufacturer keeps the whole responsibility. When producing
product or assembly the manufacturer has the duty to
determine the conditions applicable to the equipment.
When it is a product made in serie, he defines the category
applicable to its product. When he produces a specific
product, he shall obtain the necessary information
(ex. existing zoning), from its customer, who generally
is the end-user.
ATEX directives Two ATEX directives are existing.
4

ATEX directives
ATEX assemblies and installations
Scope of the
99/92/EC Directive
Scope of the Directive ATEX 94/9/EC*
The manufacturer is responsible for evaluate the conformity of his product
Component Equipement Assembly Installations
The end user must certify the component
after inclusion of additional parts
WARNING!
The manufacturer may perform
the assembling at end user facilities
Others Parts**
EX
Responsability limit between the manufacturer and the end user:
(Manufacturer, assembly manufacturer, installer, …)
The end user has the responsibility
of the explosion risk analysis (zoning)
* If the end user makes for its own use he has the same responsibilities as a manufacturer
** Parts not certified (To be certified or not)
5

Certification
Standards and types of protection
ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS
Gas Dusts
Cenelec IEC Type of protection symbol Cenelec/IEC Type of protection symbol
- general requirements
tD - protection by
enclosure
pD - protection by
overpressurization
iD - protection by
intrinsic safe
mD - protection by
encapsulation
EN/CEI 61241-0
EN/CEI 61241-1
- general requirements
o - oil immersion
CEI 60079-0
CEI 60079-6
EN 60079-0
EN 50015
EN/CEI 61241-4
p - pressurized apparatus
CEI 60079-2
EN 50016
It is essential to know which
standards apply to equipment
according to the type of protection
chosen.
EN/CEI 61241-11
q - powder filling
CEI 60079-5
EN 50017
EN/CEI 61241-18
d - flameproof enclosure
e - increased safety
i - intrinsic safety
n - concept category 3 apparatus
m - encapsulation
- cap lights (mines)
syst. – intrinsically safe systems
- electrostatic spraying equipment
- equipment for zone 0
EN 60079-1 CEI 60079-1
EN 60079-7 CEI 60079-7
EN 50020 CEI 60079-11
EN 60079-15 CEI 60079-15
EN 60079-18 CEI 60079-18
EN 62013-1
EN 60079-25 CEI 60079-25
EN 50050
CEI 60079-26
Each type of protection corresponds
to a specific concept.
PRODUITS NON ELECTRIQUES
CEN Type of protection symbol Concept
- flow restriction enclosure
- flameproof enclosure
- inherent safety
- constructional safety
- control of ignition source
- pressurization
- liquid immersion
general requirements
fr
d
g
c
b
p
k
EN 13463-1
EN 13463-2
EN 13463-3
EN 13463-4
EN 13463-5
EN 13463-6
EN 13463-7
EN 13463-8
CENELEC: European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization - IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission - CEN: European Committee for Standardization
6

Certification
Meaning of marking codes
EEx de II C T6
The Community marking is of
fundamental importance as it
indicates the suitability of
equipment for use in the hazardous
areas concerned.
Temperature class:
maximum 85°C for
an ambient
temperature of 40°C
Gas subdivision:
most critical category,
including hydrogen,
acetylene and carbon
disulphide
Used in:
surface
industries
Types of protection
used:
d: flameproof
enclosure
e: increased safety
Equipment complies
with to types of protection
standardized
by CENELEC
(European standards)
Its full meaning must therefore
be understood.
SYST II
EEx p[ia] II C T6
Intrinsically safe system
for surface industries.
Equipment protected by pressurized enclosure
and containing intrinsically safe associated apparatus
7

Marking temperatures, gas groups and hazardous areas
Certification
Gas groups
Place of use Group :
CENELEC / IEC
I Gaseous mines Methane
II A Propane
II B Ethylene
II C Hydrogen
Acetylene
Group/class/zone
Representative
Canada and USA
gas
Mines susceptible to firedamp
Surface industries D-CI I Div 1/2 II A-CI I Zone 0/1/2
C-CI I Div 1/2 II B-CI I Zone 0/1/2
B-CI I Div 1/2
II C-CI I Zone 0/1/2
A-CI I Div 1/2
To ensure equipment can be safely used in hazardous areas, its gas
group must be known and its temperature class must be compared
with the spontaneous ignition temperature of the gas mixtures
concerned.
Classification of hazardous locations
Marking temperatures
Occasional
presence
(abnormal operation
conditions)
Intermittent
presence
(normal operation
conditions)
Continuous
presence
Explosive
atmosphere
Zone 2 (gas)
Zone 22 (dust)
Zone 1 (gas)
Zone 21 (dust)
IEC,Europe, France Zone 0 (gas)
Zone 20 (dust)
Temperature class
(CENELEC / IEC) Group II T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
Maximum surface
temperature 450°C 300°C 200°C 135°C 100°C 85°C
The maximum surface temperature of equipment must always be lower than
the ignition temperature of the gas present in the hazardous area.
Cl I Div 2 / Cl I Zone 2 (gas)
Cl II Div 2 (dust)
Cl III Div 2 (fibres)
Cl I Div 1 / Cl I Zone 1 (gas)
Cl II Div 1 (dust)
Cl III Div 1 (fibres)
Cl I Div 1 / Cl I Zone 0 (gas)
Cl II Div 1 (dust)
Cl III Div 1 (fibres)
Canada (CEC) 1
USA (NEC) 2
(1) CEC : Canadien Electricity Code / (2) NEC : National Electrical Code
8

Certification
Degrees of protection
Enclosure protection
indices IEC 60529
Index IP Index Second figure indicates protection
against water penetration
First figure indicates protection
against dangerous access and
solid foreign objects
Full enclosure protection is often required, either in the standards concerning
potentially explosive atmospheres or for other specific needs.
Non-protected
Vertically falling water drops
0
1
2
0
1
2
Vertically falling water drops when
enclosure tilted up to 15 °
Spraying water up to 60 ° from vertical
3
3
Splashing water from any direction
4
4
5 4
Jets of water from any direction
5
5
Powerful jets of water from any direction
6
6
Non-protected
Back of a hand
solid objects 50 mm Ø or more
Finger
solid objects 12.5 mm Ø or more
Tool
solid objects 2.5 mm Ø or more
Wire 1 mm
solid objects 1 mm Ø or more
Wire 1 mm
Dust-protected
Wire 1 mm
Dust-tight
Immersion
Continuous immersion
7
8
Correlation between IP (IEC)
and NEMA1 250 standards
IP 10
NEMA 1
IP 11
NEMA 2
IP 14
NEMA 3R
IP 52
NEMA 5-12-12K
IP 54
NEMA 3-3S-13
IP 56
NEMA 4-4X
IP 67
NEMA 6-6P
(1) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (US)
Note: enclosures to NEMA standards 7 to 10 concern equipment
for hazardous areas.
9

For the benefit of business and people
33, av du Général Leclerc - 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses - France
Tel: +33 1 40 95 60 60 - Fax: +33 1 40 95 86 56
contact@lcie.fr - www.lcie.com
Design and production: Inventive — Photograph: Le Square des Photographes - © LCIE - All rights reserved - 10/2004

Classification
ATEX 94/9/EC Directive
Equipment is classified by group and category according to its intended use
Comparison with
present practice and IEC
Level of
Fault
protection
protection
Very high level 2 types of protection or
2 independent faults
High level
1 type of protection
Normal operation
Very high level 2 types of protection
or 2 independent faults
High level 1 type of protection
Habitual frequent malfunction
Normal Required level
of protection
Inflammable
substances
Methane,
dust
Methane,
dust
Gas, vapours,
mist, dust
Gas, vapours,
mist, dust
Gas, vapours,
mist, dust
Category of
equipment
Group I
Group I
M1
M2
1
2
3
Apparatus
group I
(mines)
LCIE is notified for all modules
of this new approach Directive
(annexes III to IX).
(LCIE identification no. 0081).
Group II
Z 0 (gas) / Z20 (dust)
Group II
Z 1 (gas) / Z21 (dust)
Group II
Z 2 (gas) / Z22 (dust)
Apparatus
group II
(surface)
10

(March 23 1994)
Conformity assessment procedures
Procedures for assessment of conformity (various possible cases)
Inspection of production
quality insurance by NB 1 Annex IV
and
or
EC type examination
by NB 1 Annex III
Product sample
inspection by NB 1 Annex V
or
I / II
M1 (mines)
1 (surface)
EC inspection of
each unit by NB 1
Annex IX
LCIE is competent to perform EC type
examinations and to assess
production and product quality
assurance systems.
Inspection of product
quality insurance by NB 1 Annex VII
or
and
Conformity to type
Tests under responsibility of NB 1
Annex VI
Internal production inspection
File sent to NB 1 Annex VIII
EC type examination
by NB 1 Annex III
Electrical equipment or
internal combustion engines
or
I / II
M2 (mines)
2 (surface)
Non-electrical equipment
EC inspection of
each unit by NB 1
Annex IX
Internal production inspection
Annex VIII
II
3 (surface)
For the latter, notified bodies use
identical specific reference systems
like EN 13980.
These reference standards are based
on ISO standards: ISO 9000(1994) or
ISO 9001(2000).
EC inspection of
each unit by NB 1
Annex IX
or
Marking
EC declaration of conformity
by manufacturer or representative
Conformity assessment procedure
Involvement of (NB) 1
1 NB: notified body
11

Marking of equipment
II 2 G and D
Example
…
ATEX 94/9/EC Directive
Gas Dust
Equipment category:
present zone 1
Equipment group:
for surface
Use of equipment in potentially
explosive atmospheres
Identification number of
notified body (where appropriate)
(LCIE: 0081)
In addition to the required
marking, equipment
must carry specific marking
for potentially explosive
atmospheres.
marking
This marking is to be supplemented by all relevant information, in particular by specific marking for types of protection, e.g.: EEx d II C T6
12

(March 23 1994)
These cover a wide field, fully detailed in annex II
of the new Directive.
➜ Integrated safety principle
➜ Specific conditions of inspection and maintenance
➜ Environmental conditions
➜ Marking
➜ Instructions for use
➜ Choice of materials
➜ Design and manufacture
➜ Potential ignition sources
■ sparks
■ flames
■ electric arcs
■ high surface temperatures
■ acoustic energy
■ radiation: optical, electromagnetic or other sources
➜ Risks caused by software
➜ Explosive atmospheres caused by the presence of gas,
vapours and mist
➜ Explosive atmospheres caused by the presence of air-dust
mixtures.
Equipment covered by the Directive 94/9/EC must also
meet the requirements of the other relevant Directives:
➜ Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC)
89/336/EEC, modified by 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC
mandatory application as from January 1, 1996.
LCIE is a competent and notified body for this directive.
➜ Machinery Directive
98/37/EC, 89/392/EEC, modified by 91/368/EEC,
93/44/EEC and 93/68/EEC
application as from January 1, 1995.
LCIE is a notified body (B1-B2 safety components)
Other Directives must also be taken into account in certain
cases, such as those concerning simple pressure vessels
(87/404/EEC) and gas appliances (90/396/EEC), along with
others presently being drawn up. It should be noted that the
Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC, modified by Directive
93/68/EEC) explicitly excludes equipment for potentially
explosive atmospheres. Manufacturers must nevertheless
guarantee that their equipment fully complies with current safety
regulations. The rules defined in the Low Voltage Directive may
serve as a guideline.
Essential safety requirements Essential safety requirements:
13

LCIE provides certification
and assessment for companies
all around the world
We certify and evaluate
... Belgium - Canada - Denmark - European Union - Finland
France - Germany - Hungary - Indonesia - Italy - Japan
The Netherlands - Norway - Russia - Singapore - Sweden
Switzerland - United Kingdom - USA …
… 3M France - ABB - ABB Process Analytics - Air Liquide - Alfa Laval
Alstom/ACEC - Ametek - A puissance 3 - ASCO - Atlas Copco - Atochem
A.T.X. - Auxitrol - Balston - Barksdale - Bartec - Bovar - BP - Butagaz
Capri Codec - CDF Chimie - CEA - Cégélec - CE Nancy - Cetal - Ciba Geigy
Clemessy - Cray Valley - Crouzet - DCAN - DTS - Du Pont de Nemours - Ecans
Eckardt - EI - ELF - Elsag Bailey - Endress & Hauser - Enraf - Entrelec
Esso - Etirex - Exxon - Fillon Pichon - FIR - Fisher Controls - Fluidystème
Foster Wheeler - Foxboro - Gaz de France - GEC Alsthom - Georgin - Gorse
GTIE - Hartmann & Braun - Haver & Boecker - Hewlett Packard - Hoechst
Honeywell - Icare - ICI - IFP - Intertechnique - Jeumont Schneider
Joucomatic - KEM - Kestner - Kienzle - Kodak Pathé - Krohne - KSB - Landia
Leroy Somer - Le Las - Litwin - L’Oréal - Lorilleux - Mc Dermott
Mannesman - Maréchal - Masoneilan - Matsushima - Merlin Gérin - Mettler
Mobil Oil - Montabert - Motorola - Naphtachimie - Nippon Steel - Nuovo Pignone
Otic Fisher et Porter - Parker - Peperl und Fuchs - Petrel - Philips - Pompes
Mouvex - Primagaz - Procon - Raychem - Rhône Poulenc - Rolls Royce
Rosemount Analytical - Rotork - Roussel Uclaf - Saab Marine - Sammode
Sanofi - Saunier Duval - SBM - Schulz und Heinisch - Sereg Schlumberger
Serete - SFIM - Shell - Sicme Motori - Siemens - SNPE - Sogelerg
Solar Turbines - Solvay - Sony - Souriau - SPIE Trindel - Stahl - Technip
Technor - Télémécanique - Telxon - Thermodyn - Thermon France - Tokheim
Total - Tuboméca - VeederRoot - Whessoe Varec - Woodward Governor
Yaskawa…
Industry trusts these companies...
They have all trusted LCIE...
Join them in full confidence...
14

Services offered by LCIE
Services offered by LCIE
Testing according to foreign standards
■ CSA, UL, FM, BS, IEC, MIL, others.
Certification / EC type examination
■ Equipment, assemblies, systems, components.
Audits, surveys, studies, assessments, training
■ Quality insurance, standardization development,
risk analysis, zoning, site inspection, electrostatics,
special explosion tests. FORMATEX sessions,
at LCIE or on site.
Technical assistance
■ Certification procedures.
■ Identification of standards.
Further information:
Customer Service Department
ATEX Contact:
Tel : +33 1 40 95 63 11
Fax : +33 1 40 95 89 37
www.lcie.com
15

Index
Index
Approved body 2
ASSIST PRESS 3
ATEX 100A directive 10
Canada, USA, Japan, Australia, Brazil, Argentina 2
Categories of equipment 10
EC declaration of conformity 11
EC type examination 11
marking 2, 12
Certification 2
Classification under New Directive 94/9/EC 10
Conformity assessment procedures 11
Correlation between IEC (IP) and NEMA standards 9
Directive 94/9/EC (ATEX 100A) 10-13
Electromagnetic compatibility directive (EMC) 13
Enclosure protection degrees (indices) 9
Equipment for hazardous areas 3
Equipment groups 10
Essential safety requirements 13
Gas groups 8
Hazardous areas 3, 7, 8
IP degrees (IEC 60529) 9
ISO 9000(1994) or ISO 9001(2000) standards 11
LCIE - electrostatics, quality assurance, special tests 2
LCIE - fields of activity 3
LCIE - references 14
LCIE - services provided 2, 15
LCIE - site inspection 3
LCIE - expert analysis, studies, assessment 3
LCIE - technical assistance 3, 15
16

LCIE - tests to foreign standards 2
LCIE - training 2
Low Voltage Directive 13
Machinery Directive 13
Marking codes 7
Marking temperatures 8
Modules (annexes to Directive 94/9/EC) 2, 10
NEMA standards (correlation with IP indices) 9
Notified body 2, 10, 11, 13
Protection indices (IP) 9
Quality assurance (production and product) 11
Reciprocal agreements with CSA, TIIS and FM 2
Rotating machines, transformers 3
Special tests 2
Standards and types of protection 6
Zoning 4, 5
17

Notes
Notes
18

Notes
Notes
19

Notes
Notes
20

This booklet has been prepared with care
and the information provided in it is given
in good faith.
LCIE cannot be held responsible for any
errors or omissions it may contain.
The use or interpretation of the information
contained in this booklet is the sole
responsibility of the user.