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Hutch Jobe, SM Energy - Tight Oil From Shale Plays World ...

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1970’s<br />

<strong>Tight</strong> Gas Sands (TGS)<br />

Confined to deep basin areas<br />

Recognize no distinct LKG<br />

Recognized perm as a driver<br />

Recognized pervasive Sw<br />

Unconventional pay concept born<br />

1980’s<br />

TGS plays expanded/evolved<br />

Recognition of over pressuring<br />

Basin Center Gas concept<br />

<strong>Tight</strong> Gas tax credits<br />

Improvements in 2D and 3D<br />

Role of natural fractures emerges<br />

Evolution of the Resource Play<br />

1990’s<br />

CBM become vogue<br />

Realization of sorbed & absorbed gas<br />

Recognition of coal composition<br />

Fractures and cavitation in coals<br />

Dewatering concept<br />

Pattern & high density drilling<br />

Antrim & Barnett <strong>Shale</strong> play emerge<br />

Image logging is greatly enhanced<br />

2000’s<br />

<strong>Shale</strong> Resource <strong>Plays</strong> explode<br />

Source rocks become reservoirs<br />

Horizontal drilling becomes an art form<br />

Horizontal logging and frac’ing evolve<br />

Multi-stage completions<br />

3D is a “must”<br />

Micro-Seismic becomes very popular<br />

Natural fractures are key to perm<br />

2010’s<br />

Resource play targets not lithodependent<br />

Brittleness, TOC, natural fractures are key<br />

Designer frac’s optimize induced fractures<br />

Source and carrier bed relationships<br />

Sequence stratigraphic framework<br />

Aggregate development drilling<br />

Surface array/Buried array micro-seismic<br />

Simal-fracs and Zipper-fracs<br />

Go horizontal in produced TGS fields<br />

Vertical drilling phases out to horizontal<br />

<strong>Shale</strong> oil and oil resource play focus

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