herodotus the histories

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warriors.) The following selection is Herodotus' account of the heroic stand of the Spartans, under their king, Leonidas, at the mountain pass at Thermopylae. From Herodotus: The Histories, edited by Walter Blanco and Jennifer Tobert Roberts, translated by Walter Blanco (New York: Norton, 1992), pp. 157-77, 191-97. After the army had been counted and put in battle order, Xerxes wanted to ride past his troops and review them, which he did. He rode past the forces of each nation in his chariot, asking questions while his scribes wrote down the answers until he had gone from one end of the army to the other and reviewed both infantry and cavalry. After he had done this, the ships were dragged down into the sea and Xerxes transferred from his chariot to a Sidonian ship. He sat under a golden awning and sailed along the prows of the ships, asking questions and having answers written down just as he had done with the army. The captains had taken their ships back about four hundred feet from shore, lined them up with their prows faci ng
land, and dropped anchor after posting the marines at their battle stations in full gear. Xerxes conducted his naval review while sailing between the ships' prows and the shore. When he had sailed past his fleet and disembarked from his ship, Xerxes summoned Demaratus, son of Ariston, who was accompanying him on the campaign against Greece. As Demaratus approached, Xerxes called out to him and said, "Demaratus, there's something it would give me great pleasure to ask you about right now. You are
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