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36. Lawrence Durrell (1912–1990), poet, novelist, and critic. Michael Fraenkel (1896–
1957) was a novelist.
37. Jack Kahane (1887–1939), author and publisher, lived in Paris between the wars and
founded Obelisk Press there. He fostered the work of authors regarded as commercially risky either
for fear of censorship or because of limited appeal. Among those he published were Henry Miller,
Cyril Connolly, James Joyce (poetry and excerpts from Finnegans Wake), and Lawrence Durrell.
Many of his choices became classics.
Film Review: The Great Dictator
1. Alain (735–804), theologian, adviser to Charlemagne: "The voice of the people is the
voice of God."
Wells, Hitler and the World State
1. Viscount Sankey (1866–1948) was a judge of the King's Bench, 1914–1928; Lord
Chancellor, 1929–1935. In 1919 he had chaired a Parliamentary Commission into the state of the coal
industry that recommended its nationalization. H. G. Wells, in his Guide to the New World: A
Handbook of Constructive World Revolution (1941), wrote: "There has been a worldwide need for
some formula upon which mankind can unite against Air Terrorism and the present frantic waste of the
world's resources. Such a Declaration was drawn up last year [1940] after a world debate, by a
committee of responsible British people under the presidency of that great lawyer, Lord Sankey. It
stands available today. It could be adopted as a universal fundamental law so soon as war conditions
cease" (chapter 12, "Declaration of Rights," 48). He then outlined the propositions of the Sankey
Declaration: 1. Right to Live; 2. Protection of Minors; 3. Duty to the Community; 4. Right to
Knowledge; 5. Freedom of Thought and Worship; 6. Right to Work; 7. Right in Personal Property; 8.
Freedom of Movement; 9. Personal Liberty; 10. Freedom from Violence; 11. Right of Law-Making.
2. Hermann Rauschning (1887–1982) was author of The Revolution of Nihilism (1939)
and Hitler Speaks (1939). Alfred Rosenberg (1893–1946) provided Hitler with a quasiphilosophical
basis for his racist practices in Der Mythus des 20 Jahrhunderts (1930). He was
hanged following the Nuremberg war crimes trial. Ignazio Silone (1900–1978) was an Italian
novelist. Dr. Franz Borkenau was an Austrian sociologist whom Orwell held in high esteem. Arthur
Koestler (1905–1983) was a novelist and essayist.
The Art of Donald McGill
1. Horizon reproduced two of McGill's cards, but these have not been reprinted since. In
one, a soap-box orator advocating temperance is concluding his oration with "Now I have just one
tract left. What shall I do with it?" A wife is depicted with her hand over a fat man's mouth, stopping
his answering, and the caption is: "Don't say it George!" In the other, a vastly overweight man who
might be a bookie, accompanied by a shapely young lady, is seen telling a hotel receptionist, "I and
my daughter would like adjoining bedrooms!"
2. Donald McGill (1875–1962) was a real person; compare Orwell's doubts about the