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The Learning Goal for this assignment is:<br />
Difference among the four states of matter.<br />
Take note over the following chapter. Use the Headings provided to organize your notes. Define and number all highlighted vocabulary (total 23 ) as well<br />
as summarize the sections. You may add pictures where needed. The pictures should be an appropriate size. Use Arial 12 for all text. This document<br />
should be 3 pages and should be saved as a pdf before you submit it into Angel.<br />
Chapter 13 States of Matter<br />
Pages 420 - 439<br />
13.1 The Nature of Gases<br />
Kinetic Theory and a Model for Gases<br />
1.Kinetic energy- energy of an object because it has motion.<br />
2.Kinetic theory-all matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion.<br />
Q: What are the three assumptions of the kinetic theory as it applies to gases?<br />
The particles in a gas are considered to be small, hard spheres with an insignificant volume.<br />
The motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant, and random.<br />
All collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly elastic.<br />
Kinetic theory is the constant motion of matter that keeps on moving and the kinetic theory is applied<br />
to gases with particles that are far apart in distance and empty space in it.<br />
Gas Pressure<br />
3. Gas pressure- results from the force exerted by gas per unit surface area of an object.<br />
4. Vacuum- empty space with no particles and no pressure.<br />
5. Atmospheric Pressure- collisions of atoms and molecules in air with objects.<br />
6. Barometer- Device that is used to measure atmospheric pressure.<br />
7. Pascal- SI unit of pressure.<br />
8. Standard atmosphere- the pressure required to support 760mm of mercury barometer at 25-degree<br />
C.<br />
How does kinetic theory explain gas pressure?<br />
Gas pressure is the result of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas simultaneously colliding with<br />
an object.<br />
Gas pressure is caused by the mixture of gases. Atmospheric pressure is decreased as you make an<br />
incline farther up and Earth’s atmosphere decreases the higher you elevate. The Barometer is used<br />
to measure the pressure and depends on the pressure of particles colliding in the air to determine the<br />
atmosphere pressure.<br />
Kinetic Energy and Temperature<br />
As a substance is heated, its particles absorb energy, some of which is stored within a particle.<br />
What is the relationship between the temperature is kelvins and the average kinetic energy of<br />
particles?<br />
110
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