1& PJUFLB YFOBKB 1&1& CFVEIFJ HDTEKBC UFAJHVT
itlfht,bs tatmnehb ufvovtylb cfiefkt,t,bf mhjvbc yfhtdb lf KMnO4-bc nent [cyfhb& mhjvbc yfhtdbc vjmvtlt,bc itltufl b;fyut,f zehzkbc rtltkpt vbrhekb zez.b lf ufhlfbmvyt,f [cyfl ybdsbtht,fl^ [jkj rfkbevbc gthvfyufyfnbc nent [cyfhb ufvjb.tyt,f pjubthsb ceybfyb yfthsbc vjcfwbkt,kfl& mhjvbc yfhtdbc vjvpflt,f& afbaehbc fy wtw[kufv’kt zbmfib 10 u rfkbevbc ,bmhjvfnc lf 15- 20 vk o.fkc vtmfybrehb vjhtdbc gbhj,t,ib evfnt,ty 60 vk rjyw& ujubhlv;fdfc ~cfzbhjf cbahs[bkt^ vbvlbyfhtj,c yfhtdbc ufw[tkt,f`& ofhvjbmvyt,f vemb yfhby]bcathb [cyfhb& se ,bmhjvfnb chekfl fh ufb[cyt,f^ yfhtdc evfnt,ty ujubhlv;fdfc lf fw[tkt,ty mehfpt& ufzez.bfyt,ekb zehztkb ev]j,tcbf ufbhtw- [jc [vfht,bcsfyfdt& cfcehdtkbf zehztkc obyfcofh ufvjdfdkjs o.fkb^ hfsf vtmfybrehfl vjdfijhjs bc yfthst,b^ hjvkt,bw cohfafl b;fyut,bfy ,bmhjvfnbs lf mhjvbc yfhtdb edfhubcb [lt,f [tkvtjhtl ufvj.tyt,bcfsdbc& vjphlbk rjk,t,c lf zbmt,c ibuyblfy eylf ufvjdfdkjs mhjvbc yfhtdb^ [jkj vwbht vjwekj,bc zehztkc vskbfyfl dfsfdct,s vfcib& itvltu dbqt,s lfvzthbc cfiefkt,bs lf dfdkt,s o.fkib& eahj tatmnehbf zehzkbc ufhtw[df itvs,fhb mhjvbc yfhtdbs& mhjvbc yfhtdb byf[t,f [eabfy afbaehbc zehztkib& hjltcfw vbcb vemb yfhby]bcathb uflfdf vjvodfyj athib^ tc bvfc ybiyfdc^ hjv vfy lfrfhuf lfv;fyufdb vjmvtlt,f lf cfzbhjf f[fkb [cyfhbc lfvpflt,f& lfeidt,tkbf ufvj.tyt,ekb mhjvbc yfhtdbc yb;fhfib xfc[vf& bub eylf xfdfc[fs cgtwbfkehfl ufvj.jabk zehztkib& KMnO4-bc nent [cyfhbc vjvpflt,f& 10 u rfkbevbc gthvfyufyfnc evfnt,ty 10 u yfnhbevbc nentc l 150 vk o.fkc& fv [cyfhib ufcfceasfdt,tk zehztkc njdt,ty hfvltybvt lqbc ufyvfdkj,fib ~ceybfyb yfthsb b;fyut,f lf rfhufdc ceyc`& 7 KMnO4-bc vjmvtlt,bc itltufl zehztkb .fdbcahlt,f^ hfw fldbkfl ijhlt,f rjywtynhbht,ekb vfhbkv;fdfsb& zehzkbc ufihj,f& ufhtw[bk zehztkc ufvjfdkt,ty ufvj[lbk o.fkc lf /fthpt ufcfihj,fl fsfdct,ty sfhjpt^ ev]j,tcbf se sfhj yb;fhfcsfy lfvfuht,ekb bmyt,f lf[hbkfl& eahj cohfafl ufihj,bcfsdbc rb ufvjb.tyt,f cfihj,b rfhflt,b^ cflfw 100-200 °C-pt zehztkb hfvjltybvt oesib iht,f& ufceasfdt,ekb lf ufvihfkb zehztkb eylf itdbyf[js zehzkbc rfhflfib^ hfsf lfdbwdfs ufzez- .bfyt,bcfufy& 8 1&3& UF{EHT
- Page 1 and 2: yfobkb + organuli sinTezi organuli
- Page 3: ITCFDFKB sfyfvtlhjdt jhufyekb mbvbb
- Page 7 and 8: lfqvfdfk vfwbdfhib jhsmkfl mwtekb y
- Page 9 and 10: mdti`^ ahfmwbekb^ o.kbc jhsmkbs lf
- Page 11 and 12: tatmnehbf^ hjwf htfmwbbc ghjlemnb i
- Page 13 and 14: fgbkfhblfy cfzbhjf eo.dtnfl itlbjlt
- Page 15 and 16: ufw[tkt,bs bub b’ktdf A ybdsbtht,
- Page 17 and 18: 2 4 3 2 1 5 6 7 8 11 9 4 4 3 2 1 1
- Page 19 and 20: c 1 α β c 2 sinα sin β ნა
- Page 21 and 22: s[tkatyjdfyb^ cdtnehb lf fbhs[tdflb
- Page 23 and 24: 2&2& CDTNEHB MHJVFNJUHFABF cdtnehb
- Page 25 and 26: fvjwfyf 2& j-^ v- lf g-ybnhjfybkbyb
- Page 27 and 28: [vfht,f 1-3 vtnhbc cbuh’bcf lf 3-
- Page 29 and 30: Si bqt,ty mhjvfnjuhfvfc^ bsdkbfy af
- Page 31 and 32: NaCNS^ hjvtkbw fpjnbc ufycfpqdhbc i
- Page 33 and 34: cfrdktdb ybdsbtht,bc #sdbct,bsb@ aj
- Page 35 and 36: 1 vjkb HNO3 fhbc 63 u 0&22 vjkb bmy
- Page 37 and 38: 11. dfreev-tmcbrfnjhblfy /fthbc fvj
- Page 39 and 40: cby]fht,b vbybc ‘f,ht,b 75 76 ,be
- Page 41 and 42: ,behtnb hjlbyb cfcojht,b 79 80 wtyn
- Page 43 and 44: vbrhjnfkqehb cfhtw[b vjo.j,bkj,f df
- Page 45 and 46: 87 86 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 14 fwt
- Page 47 and 48: 91 90 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 43 g-,
- Page 49 and 50: 95 94 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 77 lbj
- Page 51 and 52: 99 98 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 111 v-
- Page 53 and 54: 103 102 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 142
- Page 55 and 56:
107 106 = lfcf[tkt,f ajhvekf M 172
- Page 57 and 58:
CFHXTDB ITCFDFKB ------------------