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THE<br />
UNDERGROUND<br />
OCT. 8 - NOV. 6 / V. 37, I. 02<br />
UTSC’S OFFICIAL STUDENT PUBLICATION SINCE 1982
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CONTENTS<br />
NEWS<br />
6 HURRICANES HARVEY AND IRMA:<br />
EMERGENCY AND RELIEF EFFORTS<br />
8 GLOBAL NUCLEAR WARFARE:<br />
THE REPERCUSSIONS OF GREAT POWER MADNESS<br />
10 TICKLED PINK<br />
ARTS & LIFE<br />
18 FEARING THE FUTURE<br />
20 IT: NOT THE JOKER MOVIE WE NEED,<br />
BUT THE ONE WE DESERVE?<br />
22 “SLUTTY” COSTUMES:<br />
EMPOWERING OR SEXIST?<br />
24 MARK FELT REVIEW:<br />
FEAR, SCANDAL, AND CORRUPTION<br />
26 THE RISE OF FENTY BEAUTY<br />
SCIENCE & TECH<br />
28 ARE YOU AFRAID OF THE DARK? STILL?<br />
30 THE ART OF FEAR:<br />
WHY WE CONTINUE TO WATCH HORROR MOVIES<br />
32 WHAT IS AI?<br />
ASK UG<br />
36 CONQUERING CHILLS ON HALLOWEEN NIGHT<br />
38 RAISE HELL AT TORONTO’S HOTTEST HALLOWEEN PARTIES
CONTACT<br />
THE UNDERGROUND<br />
1265 MILITARY TRAIL, ROOM SL-234<br />
SCARBOROUGH, ONTARIO M1C 1A4<br />
(416) 287-7054<br />
EDITOR@THE-UNDERGROUND.CA<br />
ISSUE/<br />
02<br />
O C T -<br />
O B E R<br />
“All the diversity, all the charm, and all the<br />
beauty of life are made up of light and shade.<br />
― Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina<br />
Autumn is a beautifully perplexing season: the sky is almost always<br />
overcast, and the temperature is on a steady decline, but leaves on trees<br />
begin to change colour, hinting at the universal inner glow of nature—It’s<br />
as if the flora holds back all year round until autumn.<br />
The contrast that is embraced throughout the season is akin to that which<br />
we experience throughout our lives. We go through different phases,<br />
constantly experiencing all the world has to offer us at each particular<br />
moment of our finite existence. Like the changing leaves of a tree, we<br />
undergo times in which our existence is muted; times in which it feels as<br />
though it is falling away; times in which it feels regenerated; and times in<br />
which it feels especially salient and vibrant.<br />
I often catch myself wondering in the moments that my colour feels as<br />
though it has faded and become dull, why is it inconstant? Why can I not<br />
perpetually flourish, manifesting my particular brand of vivacity momentby-moment?<br />
Imagine what life would be like if we could constantly paint<br />
the earth with our diverse vibrancies. I am enlightened to the answer only<br />
after drawing into myself: I would not know how to appreciate brilliance if I<br />
had never been exposed to dimness.<br />
Be not afraid of the moments in which you are not at your most luminous,<br />
for these are the ones that allow you to reflect on how to best exhibit your<br />
colour when the time comes to do so.
EDITORIAL<br />
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF<br />
KRISTINA DUKOSKI<br />
ARTS & LIFE EDITOR<br />
MARCUS MEDFORD<br />
NEWS EDITOR<br />
MIRZA ABU BAKR BAIG<br />
SCIENCE & TECH<br />
EDITOR<br />
ALI JAVEED<br />
ASK UG EDITOR<br />
KATERYNA BANDURA<br />
MANAGING EDITOR<br />
MARJAN ASADULLAH<br />
SR COPY EDITOR<br />
ARANI MURUGESAPILLAI<br />
JR COPY EDITOR<br />
ALVEERA MAMOON<br />
ARTS ASSOCIATE<br />
SERENA AUSTIN<br />
STAFF WRITER<br />
TBD<br />
CONTRIBUTORS<br />
ROBIN JACOB<br />
REBECCA REID<br />
ALI JAVEED<br />
ANYA ELAND<br />
MARCUS MEDFORD<br />
REZOAN ARNOB<br />
TIANNA HENRY<br />
MIRZA BAIG<br />
KRISTINA DUKOSKI<br />
EMILIE MUST<br />
HUMNA WASIM<br />
SAGHAR BAQIZADA<br />
AMANDA BOWDEN<br />
ANTHONY CREARY<br />
KHYRSTEN MIERAS<br />
ERZA APPLEBAUM - ASK UG<br />
ART<br />
CREATIVE HEAD<br />
NOOR AQIL<br />
PRODUCTION EDITOR<br />
HAMZA KHALID<br />
PHOTO EDITOR<br />
MATTHEW NAREA<br />
ASSOCIATE PHOTO<br />
EDITOR<br />
SADIAH RAHMAN<br />
GRAPHICS EDITOR<br />
SANA JAFFERY<br />
ONLINE<br />
ONLINE CONTENT<br />
EDITOR<br />
MICHAEL CHEN<br />
WEB EDITOR<br />
JIZELLE ANDRES<br />
OPERATIONS<br />
OPERATIONS OFFICER<br />
NIVETHA JEEVANANTHAM<br />
DIGITAL CONTENT<br />
STRATEGIST /<br />
SOCIAL MEDIA REP<br />
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NOOR AQIL<br />
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NOOR AQIL<br />
PUBLICATION<br />
DATES<br />
SEP. 4 2017<br />
OCT. 8 2017<br />
NOV. 6 2017<br />
DEC. 10 2017<br />
JAN. 7 2018<br />
FEB. 4 2018<br />
MAR. 11 2018<br />
APR. 8 2018<br />
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6<br />
NEWS<br />
WIKIMEDIA<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
NEWS 7<br />
Hurricanes Harvey and Irma:<br />
Emergency and Relief Efforts<br />
Khyrsten Mieras,<br />
Contributor<br />
On August 25, Hurricane Harvey became<br />
the first major hurricane to take landfall in the<br />
United States since Hurricane Katrina in 2005.<br />
After days of flooding, damage and destruction<br />
to a large number of homes and businesses,<br />
especially in Texas and Louisiana, Hurricane<br />
Harvey has resulted in serious devastation.<br />
Hurricane Harvey was closely followed by<br />
the devastation of Hurricane Irma, one of the<br />
most powerful Atlantic storms ever recorded,<br />
in Florida and the Caribbean. Both hurricanes<br />
were later downgraded to tropical storms.<br />
The hurricanes have caused at least 85 deaths,<br />
the evacuation of thousands of people, and<br />
billions of dollars in repair costs. Texas and the<br />
general Southeastern region will require an<br />
extensive amount of rebuilding and recovery for<br />
the hurricane victims. Hurricanes Harvey and<br />
Irma have triggered serious debates regarding<br />
how to handle emergency and relief efforts,<br />
in which the US, the Caribbean, Canada, and<br />
other countries were involved.<br />
Natural disasters like hurricanes and tropical<br />
storms are a sensitive issue due to the negative<br />
perception of how previous disasters were<br />
handled. During Hurricane Katrina in New<br />
Orleans, former president, George W. Bush<br />
and the US federal government did not respond<br />
adequately; they were largely unprepared and<br />
uninvolved in rebuilding the affected areas.<br />
Several key changes have improved the<br />
American response to hurricanes since then.<br />
The recent storms were less deadly and have<br />
caused less than expected infrastructural<br />
damage. The federal and state governments<br />
have also stepped up to help provide aid and<br />
recovery for communities.<br />
There were also quicker military rescue efforts,<br />
as most of the paperwork was already approved.<br />
Responders now have more training and better<br />
planning, while emergency supplies were ready<br />
to go. Now federal responders are learning how<br />
to deal with more frequent and extreme types of<br />
weather more efficiently.<br />
“What we learned in Katrina can be seen<br />
directly in Houston. At every level the response<br />
is more robust,” said William Lokey, who served<br />
as the Federal Emergency Management<br />
Agency’s coordinating officer for the response<br />
to Hurricane Katrina.<br />
The Caribbean islands, specifically Cuba, the<br />
British and US Virgin Islands, Anguilla, St.<br />
Maarten, Puerto Rico and Barbuda, also seem<br />
to have improved their hurricane responses.<br />
While many faced major flooding and damage,<br />
they have become better at providing shelter<br />
and limiting the death rate.<br />
Furthermore, many international governments<br />
and initiatives are helping with the hurricane<br />
recovery. The United Kingdom, France and the<br />
Netherlands have sent troops and aid packages<br />
to the Caribbean. Organizations like the Red<br />
Cross and UNICEF are also providing aid.<br />
Another example of an organization that<br />
is lending a helping hand is ‘One America<br />
Appeal’; announced by five former presidents,<br />
it is a campaign to help victims recover from<br />
the effects of Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.<br />
Participating presidents are Texas natives<br />
George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush as<br />
well as Bill Clinton, Barack Obama, and Jimmy<br />
Carter. President Donald Trump later tweeted<br />
his support for this effort.<br />
In a press release, the campaign said, “One<br />
hundred percent of funds donated to the Florida<br />
Disaster Fund will go toward disaster-related<br />
response and recovery because the fund has<br />
no overhead costs.”<br />
Canada has also offered assistance with the<br />
hurricane emergency and relief efforts. In a<br />
press briefing, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau<br />
said, “Canada and Canadians will always<br />
stand ready to assist in this time of need for our<br />
neighbours in the south.”<br />
Trudeau added that, “Canada is engaged with<br />
and in close contact with the Caribbean disaster<br />
emergency management agency to determine<br />
the needs and to co-ordinate potential<br />
assistance as requested.”<br />
In response to requests for assistance from<br />
Florida utilities, Toronto hydro crews will join<br />
in helping with Florida’s recovery. There are<br />
widespread hydro problems and millions of<br />
Florida homes and businesses remain without<br />
power. Reciprocal agreements have been<br />
made with North American utilities to provide<br />
help during major power outages.<br />
Jady Liang, a second-year human biology and<br />
environmental science student says, “I agree<br />
with the Canadian government on sending<br />
help to the US government because it serves<br />
as a good practice in case a similar situation<br />
happens in Canada. I feel that it strengthens<br />
our relationship with the US and that we can<br />
get help if we encounter a similar situation in the<br />
future. Through this, our response group has<br />
the opportunity to learn new ways to respond,<br />
reflect and improve where needed. It’s a great<br />
way of sharing knowledge. Canadians are very<br />
compassionate, and I think they did a good job.”<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
8<br />
NEWS<br />
GLOBAL NUCLEAR<br />
WARFARE:<br />
the Repercussions of<br />
Great Power Madness<br />
Mirza Abu Bakr Baig,<br />
News Editor<br />
The threat of global nuclear warfare reaches<br />
new heights as violent tensions rise between<br />
North Korea and the United States, part of a<br />
pattern of unstable Great Power politics.<br />
In 1947, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists’<br />
Science and Security Board established the<br />
‘Doomsday Clock’, which is meant to represent<br />
the likelihood of global nuclear warfare. If this<br />
hypothetical clock ever strikes midnight, it<br />
means that planetary destruction is imminent. In<br />
2007, it was also adjusted to include the threat<br />
of Climate Change. At the start of 2017,<br />
the Doomsday Clock was moved to<br />
‘two and a half minutes to midnight’-<br />
-the closest it has been since<br />
the Cuban Missile Crisis.<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
NEWS 9<br />
The ‘international community’ is currently<br />
fixated on the exchange of provocations<br />
between the United States and North Korea,<br />
and it seems that the possibility of nuclear<br />
confrontation is as high as it has been since<br />
the apex of the Cold War. The potential conflict<br />
between these two nuclear powers – as well as<br />
the additional powers that would enter the fray<br />
due to alliances and treaties - is not a subject<br />
that can be comfortably ignored, as it can, if<br />
the necessary parties get involved, result in the<br />
destruction of life on Earth (many times over).<br />
There is a complex history to the antagonism<br />
between these two countries, one that can<br />
never be understood by simply swallowing the<br />
surface-level information and/or propaganda<br />
spewed forth from cable news.<br />
As many are aware, North Korea is a totalitarian<br />
dictatorship located in the Northern half of the<br />
Korean Peninsula. It relies on an ideology of<br />
self-reliant state socialism, and, aside from<br />
its limited trading partners and rare visitors,<br />
has effectively applied a policy of isolationism<br />
and xenophobia toward the rest of humanity.<br />
The brutality of the North Korean government,<br />
headed by the Kim dynasty, has been<br />
documented extensively. Secret police, rigged<br />
elections, state collectivization policies, life-long<br />
indoctrination, and forced labour camps are a<br />
few of the structural mechanisms by which the<br />
regime in Pyongpyang sustains itself.<br />
Aside from the Korean War during 1950-1953, it<br />
has only played the occasional auxiliary role in<br />
conflicts throughout the region. Without getting<br />
too deep into the history, it is still in a state of<br />
extreme hostility with South Korea, with whom<br />
it shares a demilitarized border zone that is<br />
perpetually occupied with army units ready for<br />
fighting. Since South Korea is an ally of the<br />
United States, and due to the countless military<br />
bases that the United States has in the region<br />
(as well as throughout the world), North Korea is<br />
also clashing with the United States, although it<br />
has an ally in China and to some extent Russia.<br />
If one wants to understand the relations<br />
between these regional and global powers, as<br />
well as the logic of their international relations<br />
strategies, they can simply observe how<br />
petty high school students engage in drama,<br />
rumours, lies, rivalries, and conflicts. The<br />
unfortunate reality is that these same powers<br />
also possess instruments of violence capable<br />
of causing death on a grand scale.<br />
“I think that they’re both being really childish<br />
and prideful,” says Hasib Shams, a fourth year<br />
Psychology and Health Studies major: “We<br />
should just toss Kim Jong-Un and Trump into<br />
a ring and let them deal with their differences<br />
themselves, instead of letting them potentially<br />
start a war that would wipe out humanity”.<br />
Recent headlines have been littered with<br />
claims that North Korea has been testing its<br />
inter-continental ballistic missiles in the Pacific<br />
Ocean, specifically around South Korean<br />
airspace. It has also been practice-launching<br />
its missiles over Japan. This follows over a<br />
decade of anxiety regarding North Korea’s<br />
nuclear weapons development program. There<br />
is no doubt that North Korean military exercises<br />
constitute a severe threat to global security.<br />
However, the mainstream headlines relating<br />
to this subject present a biased and distorted<br />
version of the story. It has been documented<br />
that the United States and South Korea have<br />
been conducting provocative military exercises<br />
within North Korean ocean space for the past<br />
couple of years, in violation of international law,<br />
and this actually served to accelerate North<br />
Korea’s nuclear program. This is not meant in<br />
any way to exonerate North Korea for its own<br />
crimes and machinations; however, United<br />
States foreign policy in East Asia is proving to<br />
be just as pernicious and damaging as it has<br />
historically proven to be in the Middle East<br />
(countless innocent deaths through illegal<br />
resource-motivated wars that also produced<br />
ISIS through a power vacuum and continental<br />
resentment), or Latin America (the overthrowing<br />
of democratically elected leaders, the backing<br />
and supplying of right-wing death squads and<br />
fascist regimes).<br />
John Pilger, a renowned Australian journalist<br />
and documentary film-maker, heavily criticizes<br />
the war games that the United States is<br />
orchestrating in the Pacific Ocean in its great<br />
power balancing against China and Russia.<br />
In his new documentary, The Coming War on<br />
China, he explains how the United States, in<br />
its struggle to maintain global hegemony, has<br />
established a new iron curtain of offensive<br />
military bases surrounding China, and that its<br />
provocations against North Korea could serve<br />
to trigger a conflagration of wars that would<br />
eventually engulf the planet in a nuclear inferno.<br />
This hypothetical situation is very possible, and<br />
it would indisputably be the worst-case scenario<br />
for humanity; a pitiful ending to the story of<br />
human history.<br />
While Obama started this trend of proliferating<br />
weapons and armaments around China, Trump<br />
is carrying on his legacy in a more blatant and<br />
idiotic manner. He stated in his first address<br />
to the UN that he would be willing to “totally<br />
destroy North Korea” if it stepped out of line.<br />
Coming from the only country that has utilized<br />
nuclear weapons in wartime, this should not<br />
simply be dismissed as empty rhetoric.<br />
We live in a political illusion. The figureheads<br />
of the most powerful nations in the world<br />
are willing to doom the fate of the species<br />
in order stand firm on their Machiavellian<br />
agendas and schemes. The heads of states<br />
are motivated by resource-driven economic<br />
incentives, shortsighted political gains, and the<br />
selfish pursuit of their ‘interests’ by any means<br />
necessary. International relations scholars,<br />
especially those who identify with the ‘realist’<br />
school of thought, will justify these phenomenon<br />
as the workings of an anarchic and powerdriven<br />
world system. Unfortunately, no amount<br />
of arm-chair philosophizing, arrogant academic<br />
jargon, or delusional assumptions about human<br />
nature or statecraft can remove us from the path<br />
of collective insanity through which our species<br />
is traversing. The reality is that the games<br />
that these world leaders play carry real and<br />
catastrophic consequences, be it in the form<br />
of climate change, global integrated economic<br />
collapse, political instability, and of course the<br />
spectre of nuclear war.<br />
The prescient historian, sociologist, and<br />
philosopher of technology Lewis Mumford<br />
spent much of the second half of his life trying<br />
to warn the public that if nuclear proliferation is<br />
normalized and left unchecked, it will eventually<br />
erase all the achievements that human beings<br />
have produced over our collective history. It will<br />
abruptly conclude the project of civilization, as<br />
Mumford warned decades ago: “The madmen<br />
are planning the end of the world. What they call<br />
continued progress in atomic warfare means<br />
universal extermination, and what they call<br />
national security is organized suicide.”<br />
To View the Doomsday Clock Visit:<br />
http://thebulletin.org/timeline<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
10<br />
NEWS<br />
Tickled Pink<br />
Kristina Dukoski,<br />
Editor-in-Chief<br />
Satisfy your sweet tooth and your Instagram<br />
account!<br />
In a press release issued out by the Barry<br />
Callebaut Group on September 5th, 2017, the<br />
ultra-successful food manufacturing company<br />
shook the world by announcing the creation<br />
of a fourth kind of chocolate: ruby chocolate—<br />
so named because of its pale red hue. Ruby<br />
chocolate makes its debut 80 years after the<br />
introduction of white chocolate—dark chocolate<br />
and milk chocolate being the only predecessors<br />
before that.<br />
The chocolate is made from the Ruby cocoa<br />
bean which is grown in the Ivory Coast, Ecuador,<br />
and Brazil. The bean is characterized by its<br />
reddish colour and fruity berry taste; as such,<br />
producing the chocolate does not require the<br />
addition of flavouring or colouring components.<br />
Barry Callebaut describes the taste of the<br />
finished product as “a tension between berryfruitiness<br />
and luscious smoothness,” matching<br />
its velvety appearance perfectly.<br />
The process to bring the chocolate to<br />
fruition—no pun intended—was lengthy: it<br />
was in development for 13 years following the<br />
company’s statement that they discovered a<br />
new type of cocoa bean—the Ruby bean—<br />
while conducting experiments, and it wasn’t until<br />
2 years ago that Barry Callebaut determined<br />
that the current social climate is optimal for the<br />
success of the product. In an excerpt from the<br />
press release, Peter Boone, Barry Callebaut’s<br />
Chief Innovation & Quality Officer, is quoted<br />
saying, “Barry Callebaut has established itself<br />
as a pioneer and innovator in chocolate and<br />
cocoa, globally. Consumer research in very<br />
different markets confirms that ruby chocolate<br />
not only satisfies a new consumer need found<br />
among Millennials - Hedonistic Indulgence -<br />
but also high purchase intent at different price<br />
points. We’re looking forward to working with<br />
our partners on introducing this innovative<br />
breakthrough to the market and making the new<br />
ruby chocolate category available to chocolate<br />
manufacturers and consumers around the<br />
world as the fourth reference next to Dark, Milk<br />
and White chocolate.”<br />
Following what Boone says about Millennials<br />
being particularly attracted to hedonistic<br />
indulgences, it is not the first time a ‘super<br />
Instagrammable’ food or drink has anchored<br />
the fleeting attention of social media savvy<br />
individuals in the past few years. Arguably, two of<br />
the most notable releases were rainbow bagels<br />
and black—‘gothic’—ice cream. The rainbow<br />
bagel was brought to life in the Brooklyn-based<br />
bakery ‘The Bagel Store’ by the ingenious Bagel<br />
Artist Scot Rossillo. It is shaped like a regular<br />
bagel, but features a wealth of vibrant colours<br />
kneaded into the dough.<br />
On the other hand, gothic ice cream was first<br />
coined by downtown-LA-based store ‘Little<br />
Damage’. This treat is named so because of<br />
its entirely black appearance—cone and all.<br />
The success of ruby chocolate is supposed to<br />
follow suit because the item follows the trend<br />
of aesthetically appealing foodstuffs, putting a<br />
social media-friendly spin on a common and<br />
well-liked indulgence.<br />
Although more planning and development is<br />
required before it goes global, Boone expresses<br />
that the company is working towards getting the<br />
chocolate on UK store shelves within a time<br />
period of 6-18 months.<br />
For more information about<br />
ruby chocolate, refer to the<br />
following web resource:<br />
https://www.barry-callebaut.com/<br />
news/2017/09/barry-callebaut-reveals-fourthtype-chocolate-ruby<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
NEWS 11<br />
WIKIMEDIA<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
NOOR AQIL / THE UNDERGROUND
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18<br />
ARTS & LIFE<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
ARTS & LIFE 19<br />
Anya Eland,<br />
Contributor<br />
Everyone is afraid of something: spiders, the<br />
dark, commitment. As we get older, our fears<br />
and perspectives change. As young adults, what<br />
are some things UTSC students are afraid of?<br />
Ghosts. Thunderstorms. Monsters under the<br />
bed. The dark. These are just a small number<br />
of fears that children tend to have. As kids, we<br />
didn’t have to worry about practical things like<br />
paying tuition or passing a major exam that<br />
will affect our potential acceptance into grad<br />
school. However, as students and young adults,<br />
we develop a whole new set of fears. With<br />
Halloween coming up, kids fear missing out<br />
on the best treats on Halloween night or being<br />
scared by their comrades in costume. For postsecondary<br />
students, it’s the fear of failing at life.<br />
First year students are starting a new chapter<br />
in their lives which will introduce them to fears<br />
that didn’t exist until now. The thought of not<br />
being able to make friends, having to live away<br />
from home for the first time, or even just the<br />
sheer weight of university stress resting on your<br />
shoulders can be terrifying.<br />
“I wasn’t the best student in high school …<br />
didn’t study for tests or exams, I just got by.<br />
Now grades actually matter and it’s scary for<br />
me to take that in,” says Amy Shortt, a first-year<br />
journalism student at UTSC. No matter how<br />
hard students work, there will be that voice in<br />
the back of their heads implying that maybe<br />
studying every night just won’t be enough. Once<br />
that feeling of doubt creeps in, you can’t help<br />
but notice your stress levels rocket.<br />
For upper year students, their fears become<br />
more concrete. The thought of graduating and<br />
being thrown into the real world is scary to even<br />
think about. Time flies so fast, and you don’t<br />
even realize until you’re running out of it.<br />
“I’m just scared I may fail at life in general<br />
… I just want to be happy,” says Milcah<br />
Sutanto, second-year student at UTSC whom<br />
is specializing in Molecular Biology and<br />
Biotechnology. Often times, students doubt<br />
whether or not the program they chose is really<br />
right for them.<br />
“I just don’t want to feel like I’m not going<br />
anywhere, like I’m stuck and not progressing<br />
in life… not getting promoted or not going<br />
somewhere greater than where I am,” says<br />
Ashwinder Suden, a third-year student<br />
specializing in Philosophy.<br />
As we grow older, our fears come to dominate<br />
our emotions, leading us to greater stress.<br />
We’re always trying to prove ourselves - as well<br />
as others - that we can be successful and that<br />
we have what it takes.<br />
According to an article, The Fear of Failure:<br />
Understanding the Psychology Behind it,<br />
from the South African College of Applied<br />
Psychology, “The fear of failure is directly linked<br />
to our self worth.”<br />
“Failure is a part of life; nobody’s perfect and<br />
we all go through challenges and obstacles. By<br />
making our self-worth contingent on categories<br />
such as academic success, appearance or<br />
popularity, we fail to value ourselves solely for<br />
the fact that we are human beings and accept<br />
that failure is part of the human experience, ”<br />
states Professor Marvin Covington.<br />
Students develop these more complex fears<br />
because they stem from reality and reflect<br />
things we face day-to-day. Making the transition<br />
from childhood to adulthood, and retrospecting<br />
accordingly, we realize that we are now<br />
more independent and have to take on more<br />
responsibility than we did when we were young.<br />
“Fears like failure and the future are a lot more<br />
serious than the dark or the basement because<br />
it is possible for them to come true,” says Short.<br />
We each learn that the things we feared as<br />
children, like monsters for example, cannot<br />
affect our lives the way not getting a job in order<br />
to make a living does.<br />
Students are constantly stressed about school,<br />
and school can feed into our fear of failure and<br />
uncertainty in life. We have to learn how to<br />
create different methods for ourselves to face<br />
our fears and motivate us to take risks.<br />
“Always intensively plan ahead to face those<br />
obstacles; don’t procrastinate … face it head<br />
on,” says Sutanto. There is absolutely no doubt<br />
that it is terrifying to face your fears, but when<br />
we learn to face our fears, we learn more about<br />
ourselves and grow stronger. To face a fear is<br />
to take a risk, and we often convince ourselves<br />
that the outcomes of our risks will be terrible.<br />
“It’s not as scary as we think. The way it is in<br />
our imagination is almost always worse than<br />
it actually is,” says Shortt. “Facing your fears<br />
helps you grow emotionally and grow a sense<br />
of self,” says Sutanto. Once that fear is faced,<br />
there is a sense of relief knowing that we’ve just<br />
achieved something great.<br />
At the end of the day, we must all learn how to<br />
face our fears and just go with the flow. It’s how<br />
we learn who we are and how we can grow into<br />
successful individuals. As we go through life,<br />
we come across more challenging obstacles<br />
on the way to our goals, but fear should never<br />
take over. Aristotle once said, “You will never<br />
do anything in this world without courage.” That<br />
goes to show that the wise ancients agreed that<br />
with enough power, perseverance, and bravery,<br />
anything can be conquered.<br />
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VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
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ARTS & LIFE<br />
IT<br />
Not the Joker movie we need,<br />
but the one we deserve?<br />
Entertainment Tech Daily,<br />
Contributor<br />
27 years after the debut of the television<br />
miniseries “IT”, the sadistic Pennywise The<br />
Clown is back in a terrifying new film of the<br />
same name based on the classic Stephen King<br />
novel. There’s been a lot of buzz around the<br />
movie, but does it live up to the hype?<br />
Confused about the headline? After all, why<br />
would anyone associate Batman’s crafty<br />
nemesis The Joker with the evil Pennywise<br />
the Dancing Clown, aside from the fact that<br />
they’re both clowns? They’re two very different<br />
characters belonging to different franchises.<br />
After much talk of Jared Leto’s Joker in Suicide<br />
Squad turning out to be a let-down, people were<br />
wondering how the next portrayal of an infamous<br />
clown would be, especially considering Heath<br />
Ledger’s legendary performance in The Dark<br />
Knight. With the direction that the DC cinematic<br />
universe is heading, “IT” will be the closest we<br />
get to a terrifying evil Joker-like movie, both<br />
literally and figuratively.<br />
Now onto the bigger question: does “IT” live up<br />
to expectations? In some ways, it already has.<br />
“IT” has already overtaken the former king of<br />
the horror movie genre, ”The Exorcist”, as the<br />
highest grossing horror movie ever made. It has<br />
also received the blessing of Stephen King, the<br />
author of the novel.<br />
The cinematography in this movie is really<br />
top notch. One of my favourite things was the<br />
variety of shots. If you’ve watched TV shows<br />
like Riverdale or Smallville, you’ll feel right<br />
at home because “IT” perfectly portrays the<br />
atmosphere and culture of a small town. The<br />
soundtrack definitely enhances the creepy vibe<br />
with the help of the dark backdrop for shots;<br />
however, there are other points in the film with<br />
a lighter tone such as those that are almost<br />
“campy” in nature. The variety, mixtures in tone,<br />
cinematography, and soundtrack, in addition to<br />
its unpredictable nature, help make the film a<br />
cut above the rest of the movies in the genre.<br />
Actor Finn Wolfhard, who plays Richie Tozier, is<br />
definitely the breakout star of the film.<br />
Before watching the movie, I was concerned<br />
it wouldn’t be scary at all, but thankfully, those<br />
seeds of doubt were not only cleared but<br />
obliterated from existence. For my hardcorehorror-movie<br />
fans, remember in Stanley<br />
Kubrick’s “The Shining” when Jack Nicholson’s<br />
character Jack Torrance famously broke the<br />
wall with his axe and uttered the terrifying words<br />
“Here’s Johnny!”? That’s what “IT” feels like...<br />
But despite this comparison, I’m reluctant to<br />
label “IT” as a traditional horror movie.<br />
While “IT”, like any good horror film, has its<br />
fair share of heart-attack-inducing moments<br />
throughout the movie, there are moments that<br />
make it feel like it should have its own category.<br />
For every jump scare “IT” provides, there’s a<br />
hilarious punchline; calling it just a horror movie<br />
would be a huge misrepresentation. Anyone<br />
who’s watched the original “Ghostbusters”, or<br />
the hit Netlflix series “Stranger Things” will be<br />
familiar with the tone of “IT.” Like “Ghostbusters”<br />
and “Strangers Things”, one of the things that<br />
make “IT” so enjoyable is the excellent team<br />
dynamic between the characters; specifically,<br />
the core group of characters who form<br />
‘The Losers Club’. The differences in their<br />
personalities, lifestyles, and humor makes the<br />
team feel fresh.<br />
One word can sum up Pennywise: unpredictable.<br />
Initially, I had concerns that Pennywise would<br />
be one-dimensional with his cheesy scare<br />
tactics, but that’s definitely not the case--he<br />
is not a clown at all. He is an entity from the<br />
edge of the universe who’s millions of years old<br />
and who usually appears as a clown, but can<br />
assume the form of his victim’s worst fear. The<br />
movie captures that aspect of Pennywise in his<br />
interactions with the characters.<br />
While this movie provides a near-perfect horror<br />
movie experience, it does have its flaws. “IT” is<br />
guilty of having cliches, including over-the-top<br />
one-dimensional bullies, and a love triangle the<br />
audience is able to predictably deconstruct from<br />
a mile away. Some say that ”IT” also missed<br />
an opportunity for Pennywise to assume other<br />
monster formations like in the original TV series.<br />
Now, for the final verdict: is this movie worth<br />
your time or not? Definitely yes. Overall, the few<br />
flaws and let downs aren’t big enough to take<br />
away from this near-flawless piece of cinema.<br />
There are scary moments, laugh out loud<br />
moments, and absolute tear-jerkers; so, get<br />
some tissue papers, buy some popcorn, grab<br />
some friends, and head to your nearest theater!<br />
“IT” has not only set the bar astronomically high<br />
for horror movies, but it has also paved the<br />
way for a new type of genre by blurring the line<br />
between horror and comedy.<br />
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WIKIMEDIA<br />
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NOOR AQIL / THE UNDERGROUND<br />
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“Slutty” Costumes:<br />
Empowering or Sexist?<br />
Saghar Baqizada,<br />
Contributor<br />
As Halloween is just around the corner, prepare<br />
to see dozens of sexy renditions of your<br />
favourite characters. When it comes to picking<br />
a costume, is using the term “slutty” to describe<br />
what one wears a symptom of the patriarchy, or<br />
a way to stick-it-to-the-man despite it?<br />
Halloween is undoubtedly the most liberating<br />
holiday, allowing us to dress up and express<br />
ourselves without judgment. However, there’s<br />
a growing debate about whether it is truly<br />
liberating for women, who are often presented<br />
with promiscuous costume options. For<br />
feminists, there are two sides to this argument:<br />
sexual empowerment vs. sexual objectification.<br />
For centuries, women have been told how to<br />
dress, and it still happens today. Many schools<br />
have a strict policy against girls wearing shorts,<br />
thus sexualizing bare legs at a young age. At<br />
some restaurants, waitresses have to adhere<br />
to sexist dress codes which include wearing<br />
high heels and short skirts. In both situations,<br />
women’s bodies are heavily sexualized.<br />
Becoming sexually liberated is a milestone<br />
for many women and, as a result, their ability<br />
to freely express their sexuality should be<br />
celebrated.<br />
Of course, the issue isn’t always simple: women<br />
who dress provocatively may make the decision<br />
to do so because of several factors; however,<br />
living in a patriarchal society sometimes results<br />
in the objectification of women, who feel<br />
pressured to dress scantily on Halloween.<br />
We can see the extent of this problem by taking<br />
a look at the costume industry and their limited<br />
range of costumes for women. A Google image<br />
search of “Halloween costumes for women” will<br />
show that hypersexualized costumes are the<br />
ones most available for sale. Women looking for<br />
more traditional, less revealing outfits have to<br />
go the extra mile to find a costume. It’s harmful<br />
for young girls who are further exposed to<br />
gender stereotypes as they compare the sexy<br />
nurse, sexy teacher, and sexy firefighter outfits<br />
in the female aisle to the conservative career<br />
costumes available in the male aisle.<br />
That being said, we must afford adult women<br />
the ability to reveal their bodies at their own<br />
discretion: women should put their own fashion<br />
preferences before the viewing pleasure of<br />
men. While this could coincide with some men’s<br />
perception of beauty, the point remains that men<br />
should not be the focus when it comes to the<br />
decision-making processes of women’s fashion.<br />
There are cases in which women dress with the<br />
intent to impress men, which is acceptable as<br />
long as they’re the ones making that choice.<br />
Women should choose the Halloween costume<br />
that they feel most confident in, whether it be<br />
a cozy Minion onesie, or a sexy Harley Quinn<br />
get-up.<br />
Mehria Gulistani, a second-year UTSC student<br />
majoring in human biology and mental health,<br />
shared her opinion on the matter: “We can<br />
differentiate between empowerment and<br />
objectification by seeing who has the power,”<br />
she explains. “In the case of Halloween, women<br />
have all the power. Those who want to express<br />
their sexuality in a personally empowering way<br />
can do just that. Those who aren’t comfortable<br />
with it have the option to skip the sexy costumes<br />
and find something better suited to their<br />
personality.”<br />
Halloween is a time that spurs much excitement<br />
and joy; whether women choose to dress scary,<br />
beautiful, strange, cute, or sexy, their choices<br />
ought not to be judged under the ever-attentive<br />
societal eye.<br />
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ARTS & LIFE<br />
Mark Felt Review:<br />
fear, scandal, and corruption<br />
Marcus Medford,<br />
Arts & Life Editor<br />
“Mark Felt: The Man Who Brought Down<br />
The White House” is a new spy thriller movie<br />
that looks back at the true story of one of the<br />
biggest political scandals in American history:<br />
Watergate. Given the current political climate,<br />
it’s implications are hard to ignore.<br />
A great American president once said, “The<br />
only thing we have to fear is fear itself,” but in<br />
truth, there are tons of things to be fearful of.<br />
The looming threat of nuclear war, powerful<br />
hurricanes like Harvey and Irma happening<br />
more frequently than ever before, acts of<br />
terrorism being committed everywhere from<br />
pedestrian-filled streets to entertainment<br />
venues, and Donald Trump being the president<br />
of the United States.<br />
Since the election last Fall, Trump has dominated<br />
headlines. If it’s not collusion, it’s racism; if it’s<br />
not diplomatic-beef, it’s a high-profile firing; if it’s<br />
not an inaccurate statement, 588, it’s something<br />
else, and it’s never good. Between Stephen<br />
Colbert’s satire, Anderson Cooper’s analysis,<br />
and Trump’s own Twitter account, politics has<br />
never been so close to people’s consciousness.<br />
All of this focus on politics has hurt the ratings<br />
of shows like “Scandal”, “The Americans”, and<br />
“House of Cards.” People are suffering from<br />
political fatigue, and they don’t want reality to<br />
encroach on their entertainment. I don’t blame<br />
them, but I disagree.<br />
“Mark Felt: The Man Who Brought Down the<br />
White House”, which debuted at TIFF this<br />
year, is a biographical spy-thriller film starring<br />
Liam Neeson, directed and written by Peter<br />
Landesman. The film tells the story of Deputy<br />
Associate Director of the FBI, Mark Felt, who<br />
became the legendary whistleblower “Deep<br />
Throat” in virtue of his role in the investigation<br />
which led reporters to the Watergate scandal.<br />
Watergate was a major political scandal in the<br />
‘70s in which people associated with president<br />
Richard Nixon’s administration tried to cover<br />
up their involvement in a break-in at the<br />
Democratic National Committee headquarters.<br />
The scandal revealed abuse of power from the<br />
Nixon administration including obstruction of<br />
justice, funding criminals, and illegal recording.<br />
Watergate resulted in 69 indictments, 48 guilty<br />
pleas, an impeachment process against Nixon,<br />
and his eventual resignation.<br />
The movie is two hours long, displays politics<br />
and bureaucracy, and is dialogue-centric, yet<br />
intense and incredibly gripping. Liam Neeson’s<br />
portrayal of Mark Felt is masterful: he has a real<br />
presence, as if he could jump out of the screen<br />
and talk you down right there. Right from the<br />
opening scene, you get a sense of what Felt<br />
is like: uncompromising, intelligent, wellrespected,<br />
and dedicated to his job; however,<br />
Felt was not perfect. He, like his late boss, J.<br />
Edgar Hoover, occasionally broke the rules in<br />
order to do what he thought was right--namely,<br />
protect the FBI, even if that meant clashing with<br />
powerful people.<br />
There’s an underlying tension that runs<br />
throughout the movie--a constant sense of<br />
danger despite there being no violence. One<br />
of the directorial choices I really liked is that<br />
of Nixon only appearing via audio and TV<br />
broadcasts and not actually being a character<br />
in the movie. I found it a little eerie at first and<br />
it reminded me of “Jaws”--referring to the way<br />
in which you didn’t have to see the threat in<br />
order to know what it was and feel worried. In<br />
“Mark Felt”, the shark is secrecy and corruption<br />
and it’s always lurking. The fact that Nixon isn’t<br />
a character and he’s referred to more often as<br />
“the president” than by name, it made me think<br />
this could be anywhere in the world, which I<br />
found very eerie.<br />
Secrets, morality, power, and corruption are<br />
central in “Mark Felt”, and the audience gets to<br />
see how they interact and how they influenced<br />
the Watergate scandal. Through conversations<br />
and information gathering, we see how<br />
Watergate developed and came to light despite<br />
the efforts of the Nixon administration to gag<br />
the investigation and control the narrative in the<br />
media. There have already been comparisons<br />
made between Nixon with Watergate and<br />
Trump with the Russia scandal, and this movie<br />
surely won’t cool talk of that.<br />
I left the theatre informed and scared, but I<br />
think that’s an appropriate response. Unlike<br />
spy movies with hidden passageways, special<br />
gadgets, and secret identities, “Mark Felt” is<br />
rooted in reality, since government corruption<br />
is all too real. Shonda Rhimes, the creator of<br />
“Scandal”, said in an interview with The New<br />
York Times that her show “is basically a horror<br />
story. We say the people in Washington are<br />
monsters and if anybody ever knew what was<br />
really going on under the covers they would<br />
freak out.” It might be a bit of an exaggeration<br />
to say that the people involved in Watergate<br />
are monsters, but they certainly are criminals.<br />
“Mark Felt” shines light on the monsters that<br />
were under the covers in the ‘70s and provides<br />
reasonable justification for people to freak out<br />
given the current condition of the globe.<br />
We’re living in a crazy time where what we see<br />
on TV is easier to believe than reality. Rhimes<br />
says, “You can always tell a horror story when<br />
the light is on. But now the lights are off, and<br />
now I think people don’t want to watch horror<br />
stories,” but that’s the best time to do it. It’s okay<br />
to be afraid: you should be. Besides, it’s better<br />
to be afraid--and know why you’re afraid--than<br />
to be oblivious to the monsters in the dark.<br />
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WIKIMEDIA<br />
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ARTS & LIFE 27<br />
THE RISE OF<br />
FENTY BEAUTY<br />
Tianna Henry,<br />
Contributor<br />
Rihanna’s new line of cosmetic products, “Fenty<br />
Beauty”, is now available, and it has been a<br />
hit in stores and online. The brand strives for<br />
diversity and inclusivity and aims to challenge<br />
traditional views of beauty.<br />
Picture this: you walk into a cosmetics store<br />
and not one shade of foundation matches your<br />
skin tone. You roam the isles swatching every<br />
color, only to find that it’s either too grey, too<br />
yellow, or too light. You find the darkest shade<br />
a brand carries, look down at your skin, and<br />
notice a big difference. You realize that most<br />
companies don’t cater to dark-skinned girls<br />
like you. You realize they don’t advertise their<br />
products for girls like you. This was the reality<br />
for many coloured girls around the world until<br />
Fenty Beauty came around.<br />
On September 8th 2017, Robyn Fenty, better<br />
known by her stage name ‘Rihanna’, released<br />
a cosmetic line and campaign that represents<br />
diversity, inclusiveness, and modern beauty.<br />
With a foundation line consisting of more than<br />
40 shades, there’s an option for every colour<br />
and undertone. The line has started of with a<br />
foundation primer, foundation, match sticks,<br />
highlighters, application tools, blotting products,<br />
and a universal lip gloss. The Fenty team put<br />
a lot of effort into creating their line, as seen<br />
through the products offered.<br />
Standing proudly by the Fenty Beauty counter<br />
at Sephora, Danielle Clarke, Centennial<br />
College journalism student, commented,<br />
“When I first saw the variety of foundation<br />
shades, I couldn’t believe it. I’ve never seen<br />
so many options for us.”<br />
Unlike brands who quickly sell out of products to<br />
increase their hype, Rihanna’s brand made sure<br />
there were enough items in stock for everyone.<br />
If an item sold out, it was quickly made available<br />
again in stores and online. The darkest colors<br />
available were the first shades to be sold out.<br />
Fenty Beauty pays attention to a market that<br />
has been ignored by cosmetic companies for<br />
decades: it focuses on marginalized groups that<br />
have been systematically ignored. From the<br />
girl wearing a hijab to the black androgynous<br />
people we see in her campaign video, Rihanna<br />
is attempting to redefine the mainstream<br />
perception of beauty.<br />
Fenty Beauty understands that black women<br />
come in more shades than what has been<br />
conventionally provided by brands. The 3 token<br />
dark shades in every line are no longer cutting it.<br />
Instead of “This is the best we can do”, colored<br />
girls worldwide are now are hearing, “Let’s<br />
find the perfect shade for you.” Fenty Beauty’s<br />
launch changed the narrative of modern beauty<br />
and created safe spaces for POC (people of<br />
colour) to shop for cosmetics that cater to them.<br />
Fenty Beauty’s launch signified the wake of a<br />
new generation of beauty: a generation that<br />
doesn’t discriminate or leave out large groups<br />
of people. All in all, I advise celebrity beauty<br />
advocates such as Kim Kardashian and Kylie<br />
Jenner to sharpen their pencils and take their<br />
notebooks out: Fenty is taking over--it is time to<br />
take some notes.<br />
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VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
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SCIENCE & TECH<br />
Are You Afraid<br />
of the Dark? Still?<br />
Ali Javeed,<br />
Science & Tech Editor<br />
The fear of the dark has been carved into us<br />
since the beginning of time, but where does it<br />
originate from, and how can we deal with it? It’s<br />
nothing to be ashamed of we promise.<br />
Day. A time to work, play, and travel. Night.<br />
A time in which the shadows creep from the<br />
corners, slowly enveloping the world in total<br />
darkness. The classical dread of darkness<br />
is one that we have all shared since we were<br />
young. Even as we grew into adults, although<br />
our egos may have been too inflated to admit it,<br />
the fear has carried on. What explanation can<br />
we find for our instinctual fear?<br />
The first obvious reason is that the axis between<br />
day and night was the domain in which primitive<br />
humans changed from predators to prey. The<br />
strength of the pack adapted from providing<br />
additional hunting power to providing additional<br />
protection against the unknown. The thing is,<br />
society has developed. The gruelling demise of<br />
death by a pack of wolves just doesn’t have the<br />
same probability as it did tens of thousands of<br />
years ago. Yet, fear of the dark seems to remain<br />
in our arsenal of instincts. Steve Joordens,<br />
a decorated professor of psychology at the<br />
University of Toronto believes the instinct “[will]<br />
always be there, it’s the lack of information, our<br />
brain is always trying to understand how things<br />
play out. Things like that [used to] help with<br />
hunting. It’s a very natural part of the brain.”<br />
Joordens explains that the frantic<br />
and helpless reaction we have when the lights<br />
disappear is thanks to the sympathetic nervous<br />
system: “We get this blanket of comfort from our<br />
brain always predicting how things are going to<br />
go, and when that blanket is removed we get<br />
that fear and anxiety. It kicks in that sympathetic<br />
nervous system - spider senses getting tuned<br />
up.” The sympathetic nervous system is most<br />
famously known for its control over the body’s<br />
fight or flight response that is triggered in<br />
reaction to immediate danger. The adrenal<br />
medulla releases epinephrine which increases<br />
sugar metabolism and muscle strength as<br />
well as norepinephrine which increases heart<br />
rate and blood pressure. These hormones are<br />
responsible for what you feel when you are<br />
under stress – or caught in the dark.<br />
When we do task ourselves with walking in<br />
a pitch black space, we begin to see things<br />
– interpreting shadows as monsters and<br />
murderers. Joordens compares the feeling of<br />
walking in total darkness to those feelings felt<br />
by subjects in sensory deprivation chambers.<br />
In a 2006 study of the chambers by Solomon,<br />
Leiderman, Mendelson, and Wexler, it was<br />
reported that subjects who were unable to hear,<br />
see, or speak for extended periods of time in<br />
extreme cases felt “hallucinations, delusions<br />
and confusion.” Joordens explains that “if the<br />
body is not receiving sensory input, it creates<br />
sensory input, the mind starts generating<br />
things, and you see hear and feel things. Pitch<br />
black might be something similar.”<br />
Although it may start with a fear, Joordens<br />
says that you can overcome it: “After years<br />
and years of sleeping in safe spaces, we can<br />
grow to like the dark. We have to establish that<br />
(it’s) a safe place.” Although the concept of fear<br />
may be complicated, tricking your brain into<br />
feeling comfortable again could be as easy as<br />
occupying it with hard mental math problems or<br />
singing a song in your head. As silly as it sounds,<br />
minute actions like these can take your mind off<br />
of imagining things and onto subconsciously<br />
accomplishing your task - like sleeping.<br />
If you can’t trick your mind, it is possible to<br />
consciously convince yourself that you are<br />
safe by staying focused. “Keep going where<br />
(you) want to go, don’t worry about distractions,<br />
if you think you hear or see something, just<br />
keep going,” as detailed by Andre, a 1st year<br />
life science student who admits to being afraid<br />
of the dark. Although his fear has remained<br />
at the same intensity as when he was young,<br />
he says that it doesn’t inhibit his daily life.<br />
Andre expresses that it’s not something to be<br />
embarrassed of and, as proved by the insight of<br />
Professor Joordens, it’s an instinct within all of<br />
us that exists to protect us.<br />
So next time you have to navigate from the<br />
light switch to your bed without freaking out, or<br />
convince yourself that the coat hanger at the<br />
end of the hall isn’t Slenderman, think about this<br />
article and its contents. Maybe by the time you<br />
make it to your destination, you’ll have occupied<br />
your mind long enough to block the fears.<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
SCIENCE & TECH<br />
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NOOR AQIL / THE UNDERGROUND<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
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SCIENCE & TECH<br />
MATTHEW NAREA / THE UNDERGROUND<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
SCIENCE & TECH<br />
31<br />
The Art of Fear:<br />
Why We Continue to Watch Horror Movies<br />
Rebecca Reid,<br />
Contributor<br />
Most people avoid things that scare them, while<br />
others seek it out. Find out why we love being<br />
scared silly.<br />
The idea behind watching horror movies is<br />
perplexing upon analysis: we intentionally<br />
immerse ourselves in gruesome, nightmarish<br />
films that are created to scare us. What makes<br />
this experience so appealing?<br />
First of all, we need to consider what exactly<br />
makes these movies scary in the first place.<br />
Many of these films cover a very basic,<br />
common fear: the fear of death. To exploit this<br />
even further, they provide death in the most<br />
revolting ways. The fear of what we don’t know<br />
goes hand-in-hand with this fear of death, and<br />
together, they provide a foundation of horror for<br />
these movies.<br />
The quality of the movie itself plays a large role<br />
in making a movie scary. In order to be scared<br />
by the movie, you need to have some sort of<br />
connection with the characters and events. A<br />
good horror movie is one that not only creates<br />
a chilling mood, but also has its own cinematic<br />
trick up its sleeve. To name a few, this can be<br />
done by a shift in tone, moods, soundtrack, or<br />
environment.<br />
When thinking about the technological aspect of<br />
these movies another question arises: is there<br />
a significant difference in frightfulness between<br />
older horror movies and newer ones? Ryan<br />
Akler-Bishop, a Cinema Studies student at U of<br />
T, says the answer is no. To produce old films,<br />
they were required to create their own physical<br />
reality on set due to lack of technology, which<br />
can still be frightening to watch to this day.<br />
Now that we know why these movies are chilling,<br />
we can delve into why people enjoy watching<br />
them. “We like to watch it because we can sit<br />
in our movie theatres or our living rooms, and<br />
we have that security, but we also get insights<br />
into things that we know we will experience at<br />
some point,” says Akler-Bishop. At the heart of<br />
horror movies, you find characters experiencing<br />
a wide range of traumatic experiences, and you<br />
watch as they cope with these events. This can<br />
be cathartic to some, as it provides a form of<br />
escapism to see someone going through and<br />
surviving such treacherous situations.<br />
There is also a sense of control when watching<br />
horror movies. “People like watching depraved,<br />
disturbing situations unfold on screen because,<br />
afterwards, you get to turn it off. You don’t have<br />
to live with the fear of being taped to someone’s<br />
ass,” notes Akler-Bishop when discussing The<br />
Human Centipede, a horror movie infamous for<br />
being graphic in a uniquely unimaginable way.<br />
“When you exit it, you almost feel excited in<br />
your humdrum world,” he adds.<br />
When talking about being scared by horror<br />
movies, there’s always that one person who<br />
likes to brag about how fearless they are when<br />
watching them. We like to think we’re strong and<br />
can handle horrific situations, and horror movies<br />
can help give us a piece of that experience.<br />
“Maybe people think that if they can experience<br />
this movie without any fear whatsoever, maybe<br />
they can walk into death without any terror,”<br />
says Akler-Bishop.<br />
Many of those who enjoy watching horror<br />
movies tend to do so amongst friends. “Bonding<br />
is certainly a way to cope with anxiety,” says<br />
Garry Leonard, a professor of literature and<br />
film studies at UTSC. “The movie itself can also<br />
be a catalyst. After seeing all that programmed<br />
fear, you might be able to share a little more<br />
deeply with your friends.” By admitting to being<br />
scared and sharing what exactly scared you,<br />
you’re putting yourself in a vulnerable position.<br />
However there’s comfort knowing you weren’t<br />
the only one who was scared. This sense of<br />
unity is often reflected in horror movies: “The<br />
community usually defeats the monster.” says<br />
Leonard, describing a common resolution in<br />
horror films. The characters within the movie<br />
often have to figure out how to be a group and<br />
these characters are the ones who tend to<br />
survive.<br />
Leonard provides an interesting perspective<br />
on the satisfaction people receive from these<br />
frightful movies: “People don’t go to horror<br />
movies because they want to be scared.<br />
What they want is to experience the fear and<br />
experience controlling it, getting rid of it. Horror<br />
movies are an antidote to anxiety. They give<br />
you a concrete façade, they turn your anxiety<br />
to fear, and use your fear to prompt a solution.”<br />
He also notes that, although they confirm your<br />
fear that reality is fragile and the worst can<br />
happen at any time, it will also show you that<br />
it’s not the end. Even when faced with a zombie<br />
apocalypse, a haunted house, or a serial killer<br />
that can murder you in your dreams, you can<br />
still pick yourself up from the rubble and figure<br />
out a way to survive.<br />
If you are in the mood to be scared during this<br />
monstrous month of Halloween, you can watch<br />
the new IT movie, Mother!, or Jigsaw, which<br />
comes out Oct. 20. Bring a friend or two for your<br />
viewing pleasure.<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
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SCIENCE & TECH<br />
what is<br />
AI?<br />
Robin Jacob,<br />
Contributor<br />
From driving our cars to securing our homes,<br />
artificial intelligence has become an integral<br />
part of modern society. If we are trusting it<br />
with our lives, should we be concerned of its<br />
capabilities?<br />
Tech mogul Elon Musk stated that Artificial<br />
Intelligence (AI) is a greater threat to humanity<br />
than North Korea. AI seems to be all the rage<br />
these days within tech communities, but the<br />
fact of the matter is that a lot of people outside<br />
those communities have limited information<br />
about it--odds are the information that they do<br />
have originated from the opinion of someone<br />
in a pseudo-scientific YouTube video. AI gets<br />
bad publicity because when it is mentioned<br />
in the media, the info tends to come from<br />
unreliable sources. So, instead of referencing<br />
your information from a sci-fi video game you<br />
played last night, open your mind for the next 5<br />
minutes. Prepared to be educated, perplexed,<br />
and inspired.<br />
When learning something new, it’s best to<br />
build from the ground up, starting with the<br />
basics. What exactly is Artificial Intelligence?<br />
Professor Richard Estrada, who teaches a<br />
course on artificial intelligence at UTSC, offers<br />
his elucidation: “Artificial Intelligence is a very<br />
important area of research and application in<br />
computer science that deals with the task of<br />
creating computer systems that are able to<br />
receive input from their environment and carry<br />
out actions that will successfully solve a specific<br />
task, based on their input.” Seems simple<br />
enough - they’re created by humans for humans<br />
to help us with tasks. Labelled as “Intelligent<br />
Machines”, they have the ability to learn and<br />
apply new information on their own. It’s almost<br />
as if it has some element of magic to it. How<br />
is something like that even created? At their<br />
cores, AI systems are just “clever applications<br />
of statistics and math,” says professor Estrada;<br />
essentially, programmed systems based off of<br />
mathematics and statistics that receive external<br />
input from their environment to complete tasks<br />
that they are assigned to do.<br />
So, now that we know a bit of what it is, what<br />
are some of the pros and cons of AI? With AI the<br />
sky is truly the limit. Accessing the benefits and<br />
using AI is as easy as using your smartphone.<br />
The computational power and processing power<br />
AI brings has revolutionized several industries.<br />
In finance, AI can measure thousands of unseen<br />
variables to predict stock price fluctuation every<br />
second and suggest safe investing options. In<br />
the field of medicine, it can detect and diagnose<br />
diseases and prevent deadly epidemics<br />
from occurring. In sport, there are currently<br />
developers working on ways to have intelligent<br />
machines assist with coaching during games<br />
and suggest high-potential scoring options for<br />
teams. There are countless other applications<br />
for AI across other disciplines.<br />
Although they have high capacity to help<br />
humans and improve our lives, there are cons<br />
to the artificial system. Artificial intelligence has<br />
developed well enough to take over certain<br />
tasks that humans do, according to Professor<br />
Estrada. It’s important to keep in mind that just<br />
as certain jobs have become obsolete over the<br />
past decade, the AI itself could figure out a way<br />
to complete them more efficiently. Imagine how<br />
students will be taught in the future or what the<br />
workforce will look like.<br />
There is still one important question left to<br />
answer: can a piece of AI advance enough to<br />
become more powerful than humans and rule<br />
the world? Short answer, the possibility is there;<br />
however, AI will only destroy if we tell it to do<br />
so. Professor Estrada says, “Remember that<br />
AI is to a large degree a clever application of<br />
statistics and math. Neither math nor statistics<br />
have an inherent desire to overpower humanity<br />
but we can make bad use of them.”<br />
If you think that you’ll wake up one day to the<br />
whole world being slave to computers, you can<br />
stop worrying. You’d be surprised by how much<br />
technology has advanced in just the last 5 years<br />
and even more surprised if you knew where it<br />
plans on going. Maybe in 10 years you’ll be<br />
working on AI in your own respective field and<br />
changing the world one machine at a time.<br />
Artificial Intelligence is a beautiful thing. Its<br />
potential has no limits and it holds the capacity<br />
to help people across many facets of life. As it<br />
is very powerful and smart, it can have some<br />
negative effects on certain people. No matter<br />
whether you’re interested in it or you know<br />
nothing about it, your life is impacted by AI<br />
every single day.<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
SCIENCE & TECH<br />
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VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
Autumn<br />
Last thing I remember<br />
We were under the stars,<br />
Now when I wake<br />
I wonder where you are.<br />
I was a mountain,<br />
I used to be king<br />
But I don’t feel like it<br />
Or really, anything.<br />
Except maybe drifting,<br />
Slowly slipping astray.<br />
A sense of something missing<br />
That won’t go away.<br />
I hear your name like faint whispers,<br />
Like yesterday’s news.<br />
Time has worn down my soul<br />
But my feet won’t refuse.<br />
When I awoke<br />
Everything changed with the leaves.<br />
I was helpless to stop the falling<br />
So I lay there in defeat.<br />
I’m sure the universe is infinite,<br />
Full of possibilities and options<br />
But ever since I lost you<br />
I’ve felt trapped and boxed in.<br />
I’ve chased after you<br />
Like a dog does his tail<br />
And all I’ve learned is that<br />
Love doesn’t always prevail.<br />
I’ve screamed questions at the sky<br />
Desperate for an answer.<br />
Love isn’t always the cure,<br />
Sometimes it’s the cancer.<br />
By: Marcus Medford
Palindrome<br />
I don’t think they’ll understand.<br />
I don’t roll the dice or check my hand I have a plan.<br />
Here, rip open my chest, take everything that’s left.<br />
All I need is patience, slowly planning greatness.<br />
One step at a time up the sandpaper I climb.<br />
Realizing real lies, here lies my real life.<br />
Thankfully I have it.<br />
Yesterday I tried to kill myself.<br />
Yesterday I tried to kill myself.<br />
Thankfully I haven’t.<br />
Here lies my real life, realizing real lies.<br />
One step at a time up the sandpaper I climb.<br />
Slowly planning greatness, all I need is patience.<br />
Here rip open my chest, take everything that’s left.<br />
I don’t roll the dice or check my hand I have a plan.<br />
I don’t think they’ll understand.<br />
By: Anthony Creary
36<br />
ASK UG<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
ASK UG 37<br />
Conquering Chills on Halloween Night<br />
A question from: Desperately Cold and Frustrated<br />
Dear AskUG, How do you stay warm in a Halloween costume without ruining<br />
your outfit? Is there a way to balance it out?<br />
Dear Desperately Cold and<br />
Frustrated,<br />
The Halloween struggle is real... Having to<br />
protect ourselves from the cold Canadian<br />
weather keeps us from shining on the Night<br />
of the Dead. Sad, but oh well. There’s nothing<br />
you can do about nature, except perhaps try<br />
to make offerings like they did in the good ole’<br />
days, but I doubt that will work. Still, I think that<br />
there are a couple of things you can do to keep<br />
yourself warm this Halloween.<br />
1) Choose a warm costume<br />
If you decide to go out, I suggest making your life<br />
easier by picking out a costume that guarantees<br />
you warmth and happiness. The Internet<br />
recommends a lot of options; among these, you<br />
can find characters like Chewbacca from Star<br />
Wars, a Mummy, Cheshire Cat onesie, Sherlock<br />
Holmes, and so on. My personal favourite is the<br />
classic Pedestrian--you dress up in whatever<br />
you want, put a few bloody smudges on your<br />
face, ripped off skin on your arms, throw a coat<br />
on top, and you’re ready to go!<br />
2) Decide what you’ll be doing<br />
How warm you need to dress will depend on<br />
what you’re planning on doing; if you’re planning<br />
on being at an indoors event, then a simple<br />
winter coat over your costume will be enough.<br />
If you decide to go from place to place for any<br />
reason at all, then check out these options:<br />
Add extra layers of clothes underneath your<br />
costume, such as thick leggings (which may<br />
mean that you’ll need to buy a costume a size<br />
larger than usual to fit all the layers underneath);<br />
WikiHow suggests thinking of what your<br />
character would wear in cold weather (example:<br />
fairies would wear long sleeves, Superheroes<br />
would wear a cloak, etc.). You could also wear a<br />
wig to keep your head warm;<br />
If you don’t mind carrying extra things, bring<br />
along a bag with a thermos containing a warm<br />
drink, hand warmers, extra hat, gloves, and a<br />
sweater;<br />
Flesh toned bodysuit.<br />
Remember to keep your feet, hands, ears, and<br />
head warm. Most importantly, have fun and stay<br />
excited, as you’ll definitely feel the heat of the<br />
night!<br />
3) Go someplace warm<br />
Having a night out on Halloween in university<br />
means that you’ll go out and party - if you’re of<br />
age, of course. If you’re planning on drinking,<br />
you’ll be warm anyways, so don’t worry about<br />
the cold. For some fun ideas on where to go,<br />
refer to the other question/answer pairing. ;)<br />
If you are not legally allowed to drink alcohol<br />
yet, then stay indoors with friends and wear<br />
whatever costume you’d like!<br />
4) Stay in - Perfect for introverts<br />
Who needs to go out into the cold when you<br />
can have an equally fun night with Netflix and<br />
(insert your favourite food here)? Better yet, if<br />
you can cuddle up with your pet or your other<br />
half (bonus points if you can score both!), then<br />
you two can keep each other warm. Having a<br />
chill Halloween night is awesome, and by ‘chill’,<br />
I don’t mean the chilling air outside. To raise<br />
some hairs on your indoor comfy party, here are<br />
some movies you can watch:<br />
A) It (2017). This is a remake of the classic<br />
novel by Stephen King – the King of horror and<br />
dismay. For a detailed description and review,<br />
see the previous pages.<br />
B) If you want a relaxed Halloween night, go<br />
with anything by Tim Burton, or chose from This<br />
is the End (2013), classics like Scary Movie 1-5<br />
(2000-2013), Final Destination 1-5 (2000-2011),<br />
and Tucker and Dale vs. Evil (2010).<br />
C) You can try a TV series, like American Horror<br />
Story (since 2011), or Stranger Things (since<br />
2016). My personal favourite is Supernatural –<br />
it’s like Halloween all year round!<br />
5) If none of these options are<br />
satisfying, I suggest you convert<br />
yourself into a cold-blooded alien<br />
and forget about the cold forever!<br />
Whatever you choose to do, I’m sure your<br />
Halloween will be full of fun. P.S. - Don’t indulge<br />
in too much black magic!<br />
Yours truly,<br />
Erza Applebaum<br />
Got questions? Email AskUG@the-underground.ca!<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
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ASK UG<br />
Raise Hell at Toronto’s Hottest Halloween Parties<br />
A question from: Aspiring Party Animal<br />
Dear Ask UG, I am a student in my fourth year at UTSC. My university experience<br />
has taught me to appreciate the moments that I spend having fun, and I want to<br />
make the most of them. Where in Toronto can I go to let loose and have a good<br />
time this Halloween? Are there any cool parties going on?<br />
Dear Aspiring Party Animal,<br />
Halloween always means cool parties because<br />
– let’s be honest – when else can weirdlydressed<br />
people partying be socially acceptable?<br />
Also, living in a huge city like Toronto means<br />
that there’s so many cool parties going on.<br />
This year, Halloween falls on a Tuesday night;<br />
therefore, the majority of the parties and events<br />
will be happening the weekend prior to the date.<br />
Here’s a few of the options that you can<br />
choose from:<br />
Friday <strong>October</strong> 27:<br />
1) Celebrate like a true Targaryen (or<br />
whoever you’d like) from Game of Thrones:<br />
DRAGONSTONE HALLOWEEN PARTY<br />
“The Iron Throne is still up for grabs, so gather<br />
your allies and don your finest furs because<br />
winter has come to the Dragonstone Hotel<br />
this Halloween. All of the Seven kingdoms are<br />
invited to West Queen Westeros for an epic final<br />
reunion. So, whether you’re a Stark, Lannister,<br />
or belong to some other house, or if you’re real<br />
shady like the Red Queen or Little Finger, our<br />
guards will still let you in.”<br />
Location: Gladstone Hotel, 1214 Queen Street<br />
West<br />
Featuring: The white walkers | Daenerys<br />
Stormborn of the House Targaryen, First of Her<br />
Name, the Unburnt, Queen of the Andals and<br />
the First Men, Khaleesi of the Great Grass Sea,<br />
Breaker of Chains, and Mother of Dragons |<br />
Arya | Jon Snow | Joffrey’s not invited<br />
Tickets: $30-$40, gladstonehotel.com<br />
Information: gladstonehotel.com<br />
2) For university/college students:<br />
Join Toronto’s biggest Halloween Costume<br />
Party “HALLOWEEN FREAKSHOW”<br />
(19+ with I.D.)<br />
Location: The Rockpile (5555 Dundas Street<br />
West, Toronto)<br />
Featuring: Haunted Venue Décor | Costume<br />
Contests | Professional Photography and<br />
Videography | The city’s Top DJs & More | Hip<br />
Hop / House / Mash-ups / Top 40 / Dancehall.<br />
Tickets: $10-$25<br />
Information: Text 647.283.0539 or clubzone.<br />
com/events/toronto-halloween-freakshow/<br />
Saturday, <strong>October</strong> 28:<br />
3) Elegant Halloween<br />
Feel truly elite by attending Toronto’s 3rd Annual<br />
Halloween Costume Ball inside Toronto’s<br />
Premiere Event Venue on CNE Grounds.<br />
Location: 200 Princes’ Boulevard Toronto<br />
(Located inside the Queen Elizabeth Building)<br />
Featuring: Ghoulish Sounds by Toronto’s<br />
Top DJ’s, who will be playing the best in: TOP<br />
40 | HIPHOP | TRAP | EDM | R&B | REGGAE<br />
| HOUSE<br />
Tickets: Early bird $20 at bit.ly/torontohalloween17<br />
Information: Call/Text: 416.899.8860 | Email:<br />
grandballto@gmail.com<br />
4) Keep-going-keep-warm option: Club Crawl<br />
“Start thinking of your Halloween costumes and<br />
board the 2017 Halloween Club Crawl. Join<br />
thousands of party goers as we club crawl to<br />
3 of Toronto’s hottest venues downtown. Why<br />
party at 1 downtown location this Halloween<br />
when you can party at 3? Limited LIMO Buses<br />
Party bus tickets available.”<br />
Location: Various<br />
Featuring: 3 clubs | 3 bars | 1 ticket | 1 VIP<br />
wristband|limo buses party bus transportation<br />
between nightclubs | costume contests | no<br />
cover/no line with your wristbands<br />
Tickets: $20 advance, $25 party bus, limited<br />
$30 limo bus tickets<br />
Information: screamsfromhell.com or<br />
call/text 647.738.4565<br />
However, if you’re looking to go out on<br />
Halloween night itself, you can check these out:<br />
Tuesday, <strong>October</strong> 31:<br />
5) House of Horrors 2017 @ Stadium<br />
“The BIGGEST Halloween at Toronto’s Stadium<br />
Nightclub. The only venue in Toronto that offers<br />
a 3 story Halloween event. This 3 Story Haunted<br />
Fun House will be filled with ghosts, goblin’s<br />
music, and top DJ’s from around the world.”<br />
Location: Stadium, 108 Peter St<br />
Featuring: Cash and prizes for Best Costume |<br />
Halloween 2017’s biggest DJ Line Up<br />
Tickets: $10, clubcrawlers.com/halloween<br />
Information: clubcrawlers.com/Halloween<br />
6) “FRIGHT NIGHT” @ Fiction Nightclub<br />
“The BIGGEST Halloween at Toronto’s Stadium<br />
Nightclub. The only venue in Toronto that offers<br />
a 3 story Halloween event. This 3 Story Haunted<br />
Fun House will be filled with ghosts, goblin’s<br />
music, and top DJ’s from around the world.”<br />
Location: Fiction Nightclub (lower level), 180<br />
Pearl Street<br />
Featuring: door prizes | bottle specials | drink<br />
specials & more!<br />
Tickets: $15 early bird | $25 general admission |<br />
$30+ @ door, 647.238.5784 or info@n-v-e.com<br />
Information: eventbrite.ca<br />
---<br />
It is true that you have to appreciate moments<br />
that you spend having fun, and I hope that<br />
this Halloween, you’ll have the most fun you<br />
can get.<br />
Yours truly,<br />
Erza Applebaum<br />
Got questions? Email AskUG@the-underground.ca!<br />
www. the-underground.ca OCTOBER 2017<br />
VOLUME 37, ISSUE 02
Get Your TTC<br />
Post-Secondary Photo ID<br />
A. Student<br />
MY CAMPUS<br />
2017<br />
Carry your TTC Post-Secondary Photo ID when<br />
using your Post-Secondary Student monthly<br />
Metropass and present it to TTC staff upon request.<br />
Post-Secondary Photo ID photos will be taken on:<br />
Wednesday, <strong>October</strong> 25 (10 a.m. to 2 p.m.)<br />
University of Toronto - St. George Campus<br />
Hart House Reading Room<br />
Visit ttc.ca for more information.<br />
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UNDERGROUND<br />
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Meetings are once a month on Wednesday from 5 PM- 6 PM in The<br />
Underground office (SL-234).<br />
<strong>Issue</strong><br />
Contributor’s Meeting<br />
November <strong>Issue</strong><br />
December <strong>Issue</strong><br />
January <strong>Issue</strong><br />
February <strong>Issue</strong><br />
March <strong>Issue</strong><br />
April <strong>Issue</strong><br />
Dates and times are subject to change.<br />
oct. 4 2017<br />
nov. 8 2017<br />
dec. 6 2017<br />
jan. 3 2018<br />
feb. 7 2018<br />
mar. 7 2018<br />
Email editor@the-underground.ca<br />
for the latest information.