S04 Human Growth and Development II Exam 7 Answers (Ashworth College)
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<strong>S04</strong> <strong>Human</strong> <strong>Growth</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Development</strong> <strong>II</strong> <strong>Exam</strong> 7 <strong>Answers</strong><br />
(<strong>Ashworth</strong> <strong>College</strong>)<br />
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<strong>S04</strong> <strong>Human</strong> <strong>Growth</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Development</strong> <strong>II</strong> <strong>Exam</strong> 7 <strong>Answers</strong> (<strong>Ashworth</strong> <strong>College</strong>)<br />
Question 1 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
When an elderly person demonstrates difficulty with verbal information that is presented<br />
quickly, the person is exhibiting problems with __________ memory.<br />
A. episodic B. long-term C. implicit D. short-term<br />
Question 2 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
The researcher Timothy Salthouse suggests that if people are mentally active all of their lives<br />
they enter late adulthood with:<br />
A. a higher IQ.<br />
B. a “cognitive reserve” that allows them to continue to perform at a relatively high mental level.<br />
C. learned practice skills that help the elderly “use it or lose it.”<br />
D. the knowledge of how to find <strong>and</strong> take advantage of adequate or proper mental stimulation.<br />
Question 3 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
During a geriatrics conference, discussion focused on internal aging, specifically, brain size <strong>and</strong><br />
cognitive decline. Which of the following summaries is most notable for this discussion?<br />
A. The brain will remain the same size <strong>and</strong> cognitive function can remain the same if the person<br />
keeps active.<br />
B. Brain structure <strong>and</strong> cognition will decline slightly.<br />
C. Brain structure will drastically be reduced <strong>and</strong> cognitive functioning will decrease.<br />
D. The brain becomes smaller <strong>and</strong> lighter with age but will retain its structure <strong>and</strong> function in the<br />
absence of disease.
Question 4 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following is NOT considered an age-related change in the physical apparatus of the<br />
eye of an elderly person?<br />
A. The retina of a 60-year-old person receives a third as much light as a 20-year-old person.<br />
B. The optic nerve becomes less efficient in transmitting nerve impulses to the brain.<br />
C. The lens of the eye becomes less transparent.<br />
D. The elderly are less able to distinguish colors.<br />
Question 5 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
All of the following are contributors to developing Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT:<br />
A. predisposed genetic inheritance. B. high blood pressure or poor diet.<br />
C. viruses, dysfunctions of the immune system, <strong>and</strong> hormone imbalance.<br />
D. increased stress level.<br />
Question 6 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
All of the following reflect internal changes due to aging EXCEPT the:<br />
A. heart’s capacity to pump blood through the circulatory system to the brain is reduced <strong>and</strong><br />
impeded by hardening <strong>and</strong> shrinking of blood vessels.<br />
B. reduction in gray matter makes the aging brain less efficient.<br />
C. respiratory system is less efficient with age.<br />
D. digestive system is less efficient pushing food through the system, which leads to<br />
constipation.<br />
Question 7 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What is the name for the protein that forms the basic fibers of body tissue?<br />
A. Derma B. Ectoderm C. Membrane D. Collagen<br />
Question 8 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following is considered an expert who studies aging?<br />
A. Genealogist B. Gerontologist C. Oncologist D. Endocrinologist<br />
Question 9 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following aspects of memory loss involving information processing deficits has<br />
received the most research support?<br />
A. Memory declines due to changes in the ability to pay attention to <strong>and</strong> organize tasks involving<br />
memory skills.<br />
B. People in late adulthood having a different ability in inhibiting irrelevant information <strong>and</strong><br />
thoughts which interfere with learning <strong>and</strong> recalling memorized information.<br />
C. The speed at which the elderly process information being slower, <strong>and</strong> perhaps contributing to<br />
slow reaction times in retrieving memories.
D. The elderly suffering neuron loss that inhibits their ability to hold <strong>and</strong> retrieve information.<br />
Question 10 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Memories that are related to general facts such as the names of the capitals of states or addition<br />
facts are called __________ memories.<br />
A. factual B. episodic C. semantic D. visual<br />
Question 11 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
The theory suggesting that overall processing speed declines in the peripheral nervous system<br />
with increasing age is called:<br />
A. pulmonary hardening theory. B. peripheral slowing hypothesis.<br />
C. generalized slowing hypothesis. D. decreased myelination theory.<br />
Question 12 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Memories from one’s own life are called __________ memories.<br />
A. visual B. implicit C. autobiographical D. explicit<br />
Question 13 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
On average, senior citizens spend almost __________% of their total expenditures on healthcare,<br />
which is more than twice the amount spent by younger individuals.<br />
A. 10 B. 13 C. 25 D. 30<br />
Question 14 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Elderly people experience a decline in their taste <strong>and</strong> smell sensitivity because of all of the<br />
following EXCEPT:<br />
A. they have fewer taste buds on the tongue.<br />
B. they use too much salt on their food.<br />
C. their olfactory bulbs on the brain begin to shrivel.<br />
D. they no longer perceive food as appetizing.<br />
Question 15 of 40<br />
0.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following is NOT related to the prevention <strong>and</strong>/or treatment of osteoporosis in<br />
women?<br />
A. Adequate exercise throughout life<br />
B. Adequate calcium intake throughout life<br />
C. Drug therapy with such medications as Fosamax<br />
D. Bone marrow replacement therapy<br />
Question 16 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points
A large generational divide involves the use of technology. People over 65 are less likely to use<br />
technology than younger individuals. Which of the following would be considered a barrier as to<br />
why people over 65 are less interested <strong>and</strong> motivated to learn new technology skills?<br />
A. Physical B. Emotional C. Cognition D. Psychological<br />
Question 17 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
All of the following are reasons why life expectancy has continued to rise for the world’s<br />
population EXCEPT:<br />
A. major alterations in the human genetic code.<br />
B. improved health <strong>and</strong> sanitary conditions.<br />
C. vaccinations <strong>and</strong> preventive measures against diseases.<br />
D. improved working conditions.<br />
Question 18 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What is the term for the average age of death for members of a population?<br />
A. Cohort effect B. Life expectancy C. Peer group expectancy<br />
D. Theory of aging<br />
Question 19 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
According to surveys conducted in the U.S., almost __________ of people 65 years old <strong>and</strong><br />
older rate their health as good, very good, or excellent.<br />
A. one-half B. two-thirds C. three-quarters D. one-fourth<br />
Question 20 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which type of memory capacity changes during old age, <strong>and</strong> especially slips around age 70?<br />
A. Long-term memory B. Implicit memory<br />
C. Short-term memory D. Episodic memory<br />
Part 2 of 2<br />
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95.0/ 100.0 Points<br />
Question 21 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
All of the following are reasons why friendships are more highly valued by older people in late
adulthood than family relationships EXCEPT:<br />
A. the ability to make friendships offers an element of control in one’s life.<br />
B. new friendships require much less time <strong>and</strong> effort than maintaining family ties.<br />
C. friendships offer more flexibility than family relationships <strong>and</strong> less of a history of obligations<br />
<strong>and</strong> conflicts.<br />
D. it is increasingly likely as one ages that one will be without a partner, <strong>and</strong> a friendship<br />
provides companionship.<br />
Question 22 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What percent of elderly people finish their lives in nursing homes?<br />
A. 3% B. 5% C. 7% D. 10%<br />
Question 23 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
When does research suggest that a man is most likely to leave his wife for a younger woman?<br />
A. When the marriage is 7 years old B. When the children are grown<br />
C. When the couple is childless<br />
D. Soon after the man retires <strong>and</strong> is in psychological turmoil<br />
Question 24 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
The ego-integrity-versus-despair stage of psychosocial development is characterized by a<br />
process of:<br />
A. reexamining one’s accomplishments <strong>and</strong> making future goals.<br />
B. looking back over one’s life, evaluating it, <strong>and</strong> coming to terms with it.<br />
C. preparing for death. D. making personality changes.<br />
Question 25 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What type of facility provides extensive care?<br />
A. Skilled nursing B. Adult day-care C. Assisted living D. Independent living<br />
Question 26 of 40<br />
0.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a life review?<br />
A. Reviving old wounds B. Underst<strong>and</strong>ing the past<br />
C. Resolve lingering problems D. Facing current life situations with serenity<br />
Question 27 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Some people contemplate their lives <strong>and</strong> realize they are dissatisfied. They realize missed<br />
opportunities have passed, <strong>and</strong> they have not accomplished what they wished. These individuals:
A. experience despair. B. are destitute. C. lack civility. D. experience self-correction.<br />
Question 28 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
According to Paul Costa <strong>and</strong> Robert McCrae, the “Big Five” personality traits:<br />
A. vary with lifestyle changes. B. vary based on social <strong>and</strong> psychological factors.<br />
C. change across adulthood. D. appear stable across adulthood.<br />
Question 29 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Grace’s care needs have increased since her husb<strong>and</strong>’s death. She has moved into an<br />
independent housing unit that is supported by medical providers as needed. Grace is living in<br />
a(n) __________ facility.<br />
A. adult day-care B. assisted-living C. skilled-nursing D. support<br />
Question 30 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following stages of retirement means that retirees come to grips with the realities of<br />
retirement <strong>and</strong> feel fulfilled with the new phase of life?<br />
A. Disenchantment B. Reorientation C. Retirement routine D. Honeymoon<br />
Question 31 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What 1970s legislation was passed that significantly affects the elderly?<br />
A. Increase in social security stipends<br />
B. Increases in taxes on social security payments<br />
C. M<strong>and</strong>atory retirement in almost every profession was made illegal<br />
D. The age at which people can begin receiving social security was increased to 65<br />
Question 32 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What statement is true regarding financial issues in late adulthood?<br />
A. Social inequities that various socioeconomic groups experience magnify with increasing age.<br />
B. Social inequities seem to level out in late adulthood.<br />
C. People who spend money early in their lives adopt a meager spending style.<br />
D. Cost of living does not have a profound effect in late adulthood.<br />
Question 33 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
What percent of African Americans in late adulthood live below the poverty level?<br />
A. 8% B. 12% C. 24% D. 31%
Question 34 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following reflects Robert Peck’s view of the first task in old age?<br />
A. People must redefine themselves in a manner not relating to their work roles.<br />
B. People should reflect on their life’s accomplishments.<br />
C. People should begin the process of getting their affairs in order.<br />
D. People should develop short-term life goals.<br />
Question 35 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Children’s responsibility in perpetuating an older parent’s views, beliefs, values, <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ards is<br />
called __________, <strong>and</strong> is responsible for parents wanting closer bonds with their children.<br />
A. lifestyle B. characteristics C. developmental stake D. scruples<br />
Question 36 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following theorists examined personality in the ego-integrity-versus-despair stage<br />
of psychosocial development?<br />
A. Robert Peck B. Daniel Levinson C. Erik Erikson D. Bernice Neugarten<br />
Question 37 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Which of the following stages for adjusting to widowhood relates to buying insurance, preparing<br />
a will, <strong>and</strong> the decision to have children?<br />
A. Regret B. Preparation C. Grief <strong>and</strong> mourning D. Adaptation<br />
Question 38 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
According to children’s responses in a research study, what is the most important way that<br />
children should behave toward their elderly parents?<br />
A. Writing once a week B. Provide financial help<br />
C. Help them underst<strong>and</strong> resources D. Make room in the home in an emergency<br />
Question 39 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Renee is 67 years old <strong>and</strong> is in the hospital because she broke her hip. She will need extensive<br />
physical therapy for two months. Which of the following is the proper facility to provide care for<br />
her?
A. Adult day-care<br />
B. Skilled nursing<br />
C. Assisted living<br />
D. Extended care<br />
Question 40 of 40<br />
5.0/ 5.0 Points<br />
Amad does not need continued care. However, he does receive care during the day in the form of<br />
meals <strong>and</strong> medications. What type of facility does Amad attend?<br />
A. Drop-in facility<br />
B. Skilled nursing<br />
C. Assisted living<br />
D. Adult day-care
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