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References*<br />
(1) Slate.com, “Paved and Confused,” Aug. 2010<br />
(2) Culturechange.org, “The Problem With Paving,”<br />
1998 Fact Sheet #1<br />
(3) United Nations Environment Programme,<br />
“Decoupling Natural Resource Use and Environmental<br />
Impacts from Economic Growth,” 2011<br />
(4) Life Cycle Climate Impacts of the U.S. Pavement<br />
Network, Holtz and Eighmy, 2000<br />
(5) Pavement Preservation Compendium II,<br />
“Techniques For Making Roads Last,” April 2011<br />
(6) Institue of Environmental Research and Education,<br />
Lifecycle Assessment of GSB-88, September 2011<br />
(7) First International Conference on Pavement<br />
Preservation, Paper 65 – “Energy Usage and Greenhouse<br />
Gas Emissions of Asphalt Preservation Processes for<br />
Asphalt Concrete Pavement,” April 2010<br />
(8) State of Pavement Report, California, 2013<br />
Sustainability<br />
Leadership<br />
Business Process<br />
Culture & Technology<br />
Recycling<br />
The pavement recycling process typically consists<br />
of the following steps:<br />
1. Road base stabilization<br />
2. Blending old pavement millings with a small<br />
amount of rejuvenating emulsion and water (1-5% of<br />
each), via pugmill or blade lay. GSB-Repave® is an<br />
excellent and proven emulsion for this – it blends coarse<br />
and fines into a smooth, malleable finished product.<br />
3. Laying the finished product via blade lay or<br />
paver, watering, and rolling to optimum compaction.<br />
4. Sealing via a rejuvenating chip-seal<br />
emulsion such as PASS®<br />
Sustainability and Pavement Preservation<br />
At ASI, we think about sustainability<br />
in terms of pavement preservation.<br />
Several of our products are both economically<br />
and environmentally friendly –<br />
particularly GSB-88® and GSB-Repave® –<br />
but we will go beyond that here and examine<br />
sustainability in a larger global<br />
context, as follows:<br />
267 times<br />
greater<br />
Summary<br />
Sustainability is an economic and environmental<br />
priority in today’s world, and proper asphalt<br />
preservation represents a significant part of it.<br />
Asphalt pavement comprises nearly 2% of the earth’s<br />
surface, and preserving it wisely can save billions of<br />
dollars every year while also reducing annual global<br />
greenhouse emissions up to 3%.<br />
Affordable and resource-friendly solutions are readily<br />
available; utilizing these products and<br />
processes properly will help achieve the decoupling<br />
of economic growth and environmental decline, and<br />
thereby move the planet forward<br />
more sustainably.<br />
Environment<br />
Health & Safety<br />
Effective recording,<br />
tracking and analytics<br />
for the management<br />
and reduction of<br />
incidents including:<br />
spill, releases,near<br />
misses, and lost<br />
time accidents.<br />
Operatinoal Risk<br />
Management<br />
A framework for<br />
pro-actively identifying,<br />
quantifying, visualizing,<br />
prioritizing and<br />
mitigating risk from<br />
across the enterprise.<br />
Energy<br />
Management<br />
Collect, Visualise,<br />
analyze, and report<br />
energy generation and<br />
use data.<br />
Product<br />
Stewardship<br />
Ensure product<br />
safety and compliance<br />
throughout the supply<br />
chain with effective<br />
traceability and<br />
regulatory<br />
submissions tools.<br />
Carbon<br />
Management<br />
Collect, Visualise,<br />
analyze, and report<br />
carbon and other<br />
GHG data from across<br />
supply chain.<br />
Sustainability<br />
Reporting<br />
Track and report<br />
progress on<br />
sustainability goals<br />
to the market in an<br />
auditable and easily<br />
receptable process.<br />
Plastic<br />
Containers<br />
On a global level, the scale of pavement<br />
recycling is huge. Current worldwide<br />
volumes of recycled asphalt<br />
pavement are (*8):<br />
89 times<br />
greater<br />
Aluminum<br />
Cans<br />
27 times<br />
greater<br />
Glass<br />
Bottles<br />
Recycled Asphalt Pavement<br />
13 times<br />
greater<br />
Newsprint<br />
There is an enormous amount of pavement in the<br />
world, and the quantity is growing every year<br />
Economically & environmentally, it is infinitely<br />
cheaper & better for the planet to maintain<br />
pavement than it is to replace it<br />
Some methods of pavement preservation are<br />
much “greener” and therefore more<br />
sustainable than others<br />
To move forward sustainably on local and global<br />
levels, asphalt pavement simply must<br />
be preserved wisely<br />
© Asphalt Systems, Inc. ®<br />
Salt Lake City, Utah<br />
September 2014<br />
www.asphaltsystemsinc.com<br />
801-972-2757<br />
Inevitably, some pavements are too deteriorated to<br />
maintain and therefore in need of replacement.<br />
In these cases, recycling is the most sustainable<br />
solution, and is also much cheaper than new pavement<br />
(up to 60% less in ASI case studies).<br />
From an environmental standpoint, the upside is a<br />
significant reduction or elimination of aggregate<br />
mining, refining, transport and<br />
greenhouse gas emissions.<br />
Webster defines Sustainability as<br />
“the ability to continue a defined behavior indefinitely,” and<br />
“the endurance of systems and processes.” Traditionally, it has<br />
been a term used mainly in connection with effort and<br />
endurance – work, sports, food (“sustenance”), lasting<br />
relationships, and so on. Today, however, sustainability is more<br />
often used in the context of environmental concerns; Wikipedia<br />
explains it as “the quality of not being harmful to the<br />
environment or depleting natural resources, and thereby<br />
supporting long-term ecological balance.”<br />
World<br />
Pavement Numbers<br />
In the overall picture of global resources,<br />
pavement is a huge component and continues to<br />
grow. There are nearly 3-million miles of paved<br />
roads in the U.S. alone - enough to circle the earth<br />
120 times at the equator (*1). Total U.S. farmland<br />
is approximately 80,000 square miles, while<br />
pavement (including parking lots and airfields)<br />
is approximately 61,000 square miles. China and<br />
India are close behind and growing quickly;<br />
globally, we will soon exceed 12-million miles<br />
of paved roads. Each additional car requires an<br />
average of .18 paved acres (road & parking),<br />
meaning that five cars require an additional<br />
football field of pavement (*2).<br />
The math and global repercussions of these<br />
numbers quickly become staggering. And all of us<br />
in the pavement industry – engineers, contractors,<br />
commissioners, street superintendents, politicians,<br />
suppliers – are stewards of this resource, meaning<br />
we are ultimately responsible for how to best<br />
handle it sustainably.<br />
“Decoupling”<br />
Economy & Environment<br />
Historically, there has been a close correlation between<br />
economic growth and environmental degradation: as<br />
communities grow, the environment declines (*3).<br />
For sustainability, the challenge we face is to decouple<br />
these trends; in other words, an economy should be<br />
able to sustain GDP growth without incurring<br />
corresponding increases in environmental pressure.<br />
Utilizing optimal pavement preservation strategies is<br />
an important part of this process.<br />
The reality is that pavements pose a sustainability<br />
challenge. Their construction and maintenance<br />
consumes large quantities of non-renewable materials,<br />
while also creating significant energy and environmental<br />
impacts. In the U.S. alone, over 350 million tons of<br />
raw materials go into the construction, rehabilitation,<br />
and maintenance of pavements annually (*4).<br />
Maintenance<br />
Considerations<br />
“Environmentally friendly” can often mean<br />
“more expensive,” but that is not the case with pavement<br />
preservation options. Economically,<br />
over a pavement’s 20-30 year lifespan, it is<br />
literally ten-times cheaper to maintain existing asphalt<br />
than to replace it (*5).<br />
And environmentally, enormous resources are saved:<br />
studies have shown that if all pavements were properly<br />
maintained rather than repaved, global CO2 emissions<br />
could be reduced by over one billion metric tons per<br />
year, which equals an annual 3% reduction in global<br />
greenhouse gas emissions (*6).<br />
PCI<br />
100 Excellent<br />
Good<br />
Fair<br />
Poor<br />
20 VeryPoor<br />
40% Drop in Quality<br />
75% of life<br />
40% Drop in Quality<br />
Spending $1 on<br />
preservation here...<br />
20% of life<br />
Failed<br />
0 5 10 15 20<br />
Eliminates or<br />
delays spending<br />
$6 to $10 on<br />
rehabilitation or<br />
reconstruction<br />
here.<br />
Naturally, some pavement preservation products are<br />
“greener” and therefore more sustainable than others.<br />
Water-based emulsions are widely recognized as a better<br />
environmental choice than fuel-based cutbacks. Here at ASI,<br />
our GSB-88® sealer/binder/rejuvenator emulsion represents<br />
a very economical, versatile, and<br />
environmentally friendly option – plus it is the<br />
only industry product to receive an Environmental<br />
Product Declaration as well as Green Circle Certification.<br />
Even larger sustainability differences can be found in<br />
various pavement preservation<br />
methods, shown in the chart below.<br />
The chart illustrates two main considerations: a)<br />
products that use lower amounts of asphalt per<br />
unit area require the least amounts of energy and also<br />
emit less ghg; b) products having the lowest<br />
quantity of material applied to the pavement per unit area<br />
utilize less energy - because less material<br />
needs to be produced, processed,<br />
transported and installed. (*7)<br />
Annualized Energy Consumption & Greenhouse<br />
Gas (GHG) Emissions per Type of Treatment:<br />
Method Energy Use GHG<br />
New Asphalt<br />
(2” hot matte)<br />
Chip Sealing<br />
(emulsion @ .40 gal/sq. yd.,<br />
aggregate @ 30 lb/sq. yd.)<br />
Fogsealing<br />
(1:1 emulsion/water ratio,<br />
@ .12 gal/sq. yd.<br />
10,000 BTU/sq. yd. 2.0 lb/sq. yd.<br />
2,000 BTU/sq. yd. .2 lb/sq. yd.<br />
300 BTU/sq. yd.<br />
.03 lb/sq. yd.<br />
Social<br />
Where is<br />
“Sustainability”?<br />
BEARABLE EQUITABLE<br />
SUSTAINABLE<br />
Environmental<br />
Economic<br />
VIABLE<br />
These are significant numbers, and<br />
can represent huge steps towards<br />
“decoupling” and sustainability.