Hydralazine HCL(304-20-1) used to treat high blood pressure

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Hydralazine HCL(304-20-1) used to treat high blood
pressure
1.What is Hydralazine HCL?
Hydralazine is used to treat high blood pressure(hypertension). It is also used to control
high blood pressure in a mother during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia or eclampsia) or in
emergency situations when blood pressure is extremely high (hypertensive crisis).
Hydralazine Hydrochloride(Hydralazine HCL) is the hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a
phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities.
Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell
calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the
phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth
muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac
output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA
methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells.
Name: Hydralazine hydrochloride powder
CAS: 304-20-1
Molecular Formula: C8H9ClN4
Molecular Weight: 196.64
Melt Point: 280-282°C
Storage Temp: Refrigerator
Color: White or off white Crystalline powder
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2.How Hydralazine HCL works?
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High blood pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a
long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage the blood
vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart failure, or kidney
failure. Lowering blood pressure can decrease the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
Hydralazine works by relaxing the blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and
oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload. It isn't fully understood how hydralazine
works. It's thought that the drug acts on the blood vessels directly and relaxes them. This
results in lower blood pressure levels.
Hydralazine belongs to a class of drugs called peripheral vasodilators. A class of drugs is
a group of medications that work in a similar way. These drugs are often used to treat
similar conditions.
Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to
help them dilate (widen). This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily
through your veins and arteries.
3.Hydralazine HCL Dosage
Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts
or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects,
your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood
tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has
no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to
use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life.
Store hydralazine at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.
Overdose symptoms may include headache, dizziness, fast heart rate, warmth or tingling
under your skin, chest pain, or fainting.
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Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose,
wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine
to make up the missed dose.
4.How to take Hydralazine HCL
All possible dosages and forms may not be included here. Your dose, form, and
how often you take it will depend on:
your age
the condition being treated
how severe your condition is
other medical conditions you have
how you react to the first dose
Dosage for high blood pressure (hypertension)
Generic
Form: oral tablet
Strengths: 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg
Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)
Starting dosage: 10 mg taken by mouth 4 times per day for 2–4 days
Dosage adjustments: Your doctor may slowly increase your dose up to 50 mg
taken 4 times per day.
Child dosage (ages 1–17 years)
Starting dosage: 0.75 mg per kg of body weight per day taken by mouth in four
divided doses
Dosage adjustments: Your doctor may slowly increase your dose over 3–4 weeks.
Maximum dosage: 7.5 mg per kg of body weight or 200 mg per day
Note: This drug hasn’t been studied in clinical trials for children younger than 18
years, but it has been used in children.
Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)
There are no specific recommendations for senior dosing. Older adults may process
drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of this drug to be higher than
normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different schedule.
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5.Hydralazine HCL side effects
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Hydralazine oral tablet doesn’t cause drowsiness, but it can cause other side effects.
More common side effects
The more common side effects that can occur with hydralazine include:
headache
loss of appetite (anorexia)
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
fast heart rate
chest pain
If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If
they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.
Serious side effects
Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel
life-threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects
and their symptoms can include the following:
Heart-related symptoms, such as:
very low blood pressure (hypotension)
fast heart rate
dizziness or disorientation
swelling in your arms and legs
Nerve problems. Symptoms can include:
numbness
tingling
prickling or itching of your skin
Depression or anxiety. Symptoms can include:
feeling down or not like yourself
changes in appetite
feeling worried or on edge
not being interested in activities you normally enjoy
Allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
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skin rash
itching skin
redness to your skin
fever
chills
pain in your joints
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Trouble breathing
Severe constipation
Trouble urinating
6.What is the most important informations I should know about
Hydralazine HCL?
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have
coronary artery disease, or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve.
Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, lupus, angina
pectoris (chest pain), or if you have ever had a stroke.
While taking hydralazine, avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you
may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall.
Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as fast or pounding
heartbeats, swelling, numbness or tingling, dark-colored urine, joint pain or swelling with
fever, chest pain, weakness or tired feeling, and urinating less than usual or not at all.
To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects,
your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood
tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
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Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has
no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to
use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life.
Hydralazine is a vasodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in your blood vessels to
help them dilate (widen). This lowers blood pressure and allows blood to flow more easily
through your veins and arteries.
Hydralazine is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension).
Hydralazine may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have
coronary artery disease, or rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve.
Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, lupus, angina
pectoris (chest pain), or if you have ever had a stroke.
While taking hydralazine, avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you
may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall.
Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as fast or pounding
heartbeats, swelling, numbness or tingling, dark-colored urine, joint pain or swelling with
fever, chest pain, weakness or tired feeling, and urinating less than usual or not at all.
To be sure this medication is helping your condition and is not causing harmful effects,
your blood pressure will need to be checked often. You may also need occasional blood
tests. Do not miss any scheduled appointments.
Keep using hydralazine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has
no symptoms, so you may not know when your blood pressure is high. You may need to
use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life.
You should not use this medication if you are allergic to hydralazine, or if you have:
coronary artery disease; or
rheumatic heart disease affecting the mitral valve.
Before taking hydralazine, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you
have:
kidney disease,
lupus;
angina pectoris (chest pain); or
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if you have ever had stroke.
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If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to
safely take this medication.
FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your
doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.
Hydralazine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this
medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
7.Hydralazine HCL may interact with other medications
Hydralazine oral tablet can interact with other medications, herbs, or vitamins you might
be taking. That’s why your doctor should manage all of your medications carefully. If
you’re curious about how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk to
your doctor or pharmacist.
Note: You can reduce your chances of drug interactions by having all of your prescriptions
filled at the same pharmacy. That way, a pharmacist can check for possible drug
interactions.
Examples of medications that can interact with hydralazine are listed below.
Depression medications
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can increase the effects of hydralazine. This
raises your risk of side effects, such as very low blood pressure (hypotension). These
drugs include:
isocarboxazid
phenelzine sulfate
tranylcypromine sulfate
selegiline
Diazoxide injection
This drug can cause a severe drop in blood pressure when used with hydralazine.
8.Hydralazine HCL warnings
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Allergies
Hydralazine can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
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trouble breathing
swelling of your throat or tongue
hives
Don’t take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it before. Taking it
again could be fatal (cause death).
Alcohol interaction
The use of drinks that contain alcohol can increase the blood pressure-lowering side
effects from hydralazine. If you drink alcohol, talk to your doctor.
Warnings for certain groups
For people with heart problems: Use this drug with caution if you have heart problems.
Hydralazine may cause a heart attack, especially if you already have heart issues. Be
sure to tell your doctor about your heart condition before taking hydralazine.
For pregnant women: Hydralazine is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two
things:
1. Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the
drug.
2. There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might
affect the fetus.
Tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Hydralazine should be
used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
For women who are breastfeeding: Small amounts of hydralazine may pass into breast
milk. However, this drug doesn’t typically cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. If
you breastfeed your baby, talk to your doctor about the safety of this drug.
For seniors: Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may
cause levels of this drug to be higher than normal in your body. If you’re a senior, you may
need a lower dose or a different schedule.
For children: This drug hasn’t been studied in children younger than 18 years, but it has
been used in children.
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