Free PhD Synopsis Writing Sample
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HOW TO WRITE A SUCCESSFUL<br />
RESEARCH SYNOPSIS<br />
D o y o u w a n t t o w r i t e a s u c c e s s f u l r e s e a r c h s y n o p s i s ?<br />
T h e f o l l o w i n g i s a g u i d e o n w h a t t o r e m e m b e r i n<br />
w r i t i n g t h e r e s e a r c h s y n o p s i s a n d w h a t s t r u c t u r e t o<br />
u s e f o r i t . W h a t a r e i t s p a r t s a n d h o w t o w r i t e i t w i l l<br />
a l s o b e i n c l u d e d i n t h i s g u i d e .<br />
C l i c k h e r e t o d a y !
H o w t o W r i t e a S u c c e s s f u l R e s e a r c h S y n o p s i s<br />
A research project synopsis or protocol is a document that will be submitted to<br />
institution or authority for the purpose of formal registration to a university for<br />
doctorate or degree award, ethical clearance, financial assistance and peer review.<br />
Structure of the <strong>Synopsis</strong><br />
Title<br />
Statement of problem and hypothesis<br />
Objectives and aims<br />
Literature review<br />
Research methodology<br />
References<br />
Official requirements<br />
Title: The research project title should be brief and concise. It should be<br />
informative and it should not be too long or too short. The name of the<br />
university or cases studied should not be written. Be sure that your title will<br />
get the attention of your reviewers and other people. It should be attention<br />
grabbing.<br />
Statement of problem and hypothesis: The problem that is being studied<br />
should be written in clear and precise terms. Be sure to understand the<br />
problem in order to aids researchers in making their research proposal.<br />
Doing this, it allows the person in formulating hypothesis. The necessity in<br />
taking up study and problem present status needs to be mentioned.<br />
The hypothesis is being mentioned as explanation or tentative prediction of<br />
relationship between 2 or more variables. It should be guess because what it<br />
essential is that it should reflect imagination, experience and knowledge.<br />
Take note that you can mention the hypothesis and problem in about 200<br />
words that covers all aspects.<br />
Objectives and aims: Your research synopsis should have aims and<br />
objectives. You need to give your best effort to do this. Your objectives and<br />
aims should b around 2 to 3 lines. It should pertain to the problem study.<br />
Usages of terms such as “only study”, “first study” and others must be<br />
avoided.<br />
Literature review: The literature review is every essential part of your<br />
research project that is why it needs to achieves certain things. Be sure to<br />
know how to write the best literature review because it is one of the essential<br />
parts of your synopsis.
HOW TO WRITE A SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH SYNOPSIS<br />
It familiarizes your readers to your problem.<br />
It should describe the work of others either international or local level as long<br />
it is of similar subject.<br />
It helps researchers in understanding the difficulties that is faced by others.<br />
Research methodology can be modified or structured after reviewing the<br />
literature.<br />
Literature review in synopsis helps reviewers in assessing knowledge of<br />
researcher. He can assess the study feasibility.<br />
The review assists to identify different variables in research project as well as<br />
conceptualizes their relationship.<br />
The literature review in a synopsis should not be exhaustive. Important details<br />
should be covered in around 300 words.<br />
Research methodology: In the research methodology synopsis, it should<br />
be around 150 up to 200 words. The methodology forms the research project<br />
core and it should must cover the following aspects:<br />
Study design<br />
Study settings<br />
Variables<br />
Sampling<br />
Controls<br />
Data collection<br />
Ethical clearance<br />
Data analysis<br />
Study methods- investigations or examinations<br />
Study design: Your methodology begins with study design selection. Study design can<br />
be a combination or single such as:<br />
Descriptive designs:<br />
Cross-sectoral survey or study Disease occurrence epidemiological description<br />
Community diagnosis<br />
Disease history study<br />
Observational analytical designs:<br />
Retrospective study<br />
Prospective study<br />
Follow-up study<br />
Experimental designs:<br />
Therapeutic clinical trials<br />
Animal studies<br />
Field trials<br />
Prophylactic clinical trials<br />
Study settings: This includes about the university, study time, facilities available as well<br />
as study population.<br />
Sampling: It is about choosing appropriate size sample for your study. The sample size<br />
will depend on your study design. The population study can be people population,
HOW TO WRITE A SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH SYNOPSIS<br />
cases population or recipients population of a particular treatment. There are<br />
methods such as systemic, stratified and simple random sampling.<br />
Variables: These are factors that can change. The changes affect the research project<br />
outcome. It is essential to identify your variables at planning stage. In some cases, the<br />
research objectives will see the effect of independent variables on dependent<br />
variables. Here are the types of variables:<br />
Independent variables: These can be manipulated by researchers and effects are being<br />
observed on other variables. For instance, risk factors, causer and predisposing<br />
factors.<br />
Dependent variables: Changes occurs as results of your independent variables. For<br />
instance, outcome and disease.<br />
Intervening variables: It influences the independent variables effect on dependent<br />
variables.<br />
Background variables: These are changes that essential in population or groups under<br />
study. It should be included in your study. For instance, ethnic origin, sex and age.<br />
Controls: It increases the research project validity. Usually, it consists of units of same<br />
population having different respects. The fact is that it is not necessary for all<br />
synopsis research. They can be in drug trials, analytical studies as well as intervention<br />
programs.<br />
Study methods: You need to describe your data collection method, which can be:<br />
Interviews Questionnaire Medical examination<br />
Screening procedures Laboratory investigations<br />
Data collection: You need to make a short note on how your data are gathered. It<br />
should include details about:<br />
Organizational setup<br />
Logistic support<br />
Training to data collecting team<br />
Collaboration plans with some other organizations<br />
Data analysis: This is an essential part of your research project. A great analysis leads<br />
to great results. Your plans for data analysis should be written under the statistical<br />
methods heads, computer program used as well as data sorting method.
HOW TO WRITE A SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH SYNOPSIS<br />
Ethical clearance: As much as possible, you need to get ethical clearance from the<br />
university. Certificate should be attached. The fact is that ethical clearance is<br />
important in all animal and human studies.<br />
References: All references that are quoted and included in your synopsis<br />
should be listed in your references page. There are 2 styles for writing the<br />
references, Harvard and Vancouver style.<br />
Official requirements: Your synopsis will be incomplete if these things are<br />
not present:<br />
Researcher name and designation<br />
Designation of the guide name<br />
Designation and name of institution<br />
or department<br />
Institution name<br />
Signatures with official seal<br />
The synopsis is essential in a research project. The best synopsis will provide<br />
maximum details in minimum words. A well-written synopsis will convince reviewers<br />
about your ability in conducting a project. Thus, all research workers should do their<br />
best in constructing a one of a kind and well-structured synopsis.