PhD Research Proposal on Cloud Computing Sample

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CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud computing is one of the fastest growing IT trends. More and more users are turning to the way
computer resources are used as a service, not as a product. Paying as needed is the main idea behind cloud
computing. It is a pay-per-use model that provides easy and accessible access to computer resources groups
over the Internet. At the basic level, cloud computing is a simple means of providing IT (Information Technology)
resources as a service. By developing the Internet and increasing the transmission speed, it is possible to perform
certain tasks remotely. Many companies are turning to business using cloud-based services and resources.
Infrastructure, computer resources and applications are relocated to service providers, and are charged as
needed. The concept of cloud computing involves the use of a remote server network, rather than local servers
and personal computers, for storing, managing, and processing data. The keyword in the name is the cloud.
Because the places where the servers are located, where applications are run and the data is stored, are not
strictly defined, the term "in the cloud" is used. The first chapter will describe the "all as a service" model and will
list the differences in the use of services based on cloud computing and cloud computing. The second chapter
will discuss the use of cloud applications, the SaaS concept, while the third will discuss what kind of platform is
in the cloud. The fourth and fifth chapters will provide the economic, or technical advantages, for cloud-based
services. Chapter six will provide examples of commercial computer clouds (global and local examples). Cloud
computing is developing as a model for all-as-a-service (XaaS) support. Virtualized physical resources,
virtualized infrastructure, platforms and business applications are secured and used as cloud services. Systems
using the XaaS model require understanding and use of a number of development technologies as well as existing
cloud computing services. Customers using traditional approaches meet all their needs for applications and
computing resources using the resources they own. Applies to applications executed directly on their computer.
Contrary to the traditional approach where all the user-owned resources are needed, the concept based on
computing in the cloud introduces models of non-user resource usage [3]. Users can access information from
providers, so they can also use applications from that service provider; applications in the cloud ie the SaaS
application. Users can develop or purchase and use applications running on cloud platforms in some service
providers. And finally, I can use the entire virtualized infrastructure. Software as a Service (SaaS) enables the use
of cloud applications. Manufacturer solutions builds an application, manages the application itself and the hosting
environment, and makes it available to users via the network. Most of people today actively uses one of the SaaS
services. The most important difference between the SaaS-based software and the traditional one is that the
software is not being purchased, but the service of its use is paid (Lenk et al.,, 2009). This allows us to pay for the
software as much as we actually use it, and at any time to adjust the number of system users and the range of
functions according to our needs or simply cancel the service when it no longer needs it. For SaaS services, one
copy of the service is used by several users. From the perspective of the service provider, such an approach can
be a significant improvement, as it makes it easier to update, maintain, and generally work with the application.
Probably the most famous provider of various SaaS services is Google. Google offers Gmail, Google Groups,
Google Calendar, Google Talk, Google Docs and Google Sites, and all of the services together make up Google
Apps. SAP offers an Enterprise Resource Planning application, abbreviated ERP, Bussiness ByDesign. IBM offers
the Lotus application for employee collaboration within a company. NetSuite, which offers cloud-based cloudbased
cloud based applications, offers its own CRM, ERP and other services. Zoho offers a full range of cloud
services: CRM, Mail, Docs, Meeting and many more. The Cloud Platform is a cloud computing format that is most
suitable for companies and software developers. Allows you to create and execute applications, store data, and

RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON CLOUD COMPUTING
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network. Access to a virtual machine or storage space is most likely via a browser. It is possible to request
resources for a specified period of time and return them back after the end of use. In the event of a need to
increase resources over a short period of time, a large number of servers are only required in certain situations
that it is very expensive to buy so many servers at first, as most of the time they do not work at full intensity. In
the case of a cloud platform, it is possible to reserve a sufficient number of virtual machines for the increased
number of requests in that period, and then quit and stop paying for them. It is only possible to collect those
resources that are actually used in a given time period. One of the great advantages of the cloud platform is the
shorter the time it takes from the application to the beginning of use. Instead of a few days to a few weeks of
waiting for a new physical server or a virtual machine in its own data center, a public cloud platform can be used
to get a new virtual machine or other resources in a very short period of time. Financial risk is also reduced as
there is no need for high initial investment. The need for own computer resources, such as servers and staff in the
IT department, is diminished as more work is done in the public cloud. Upgrading and updating the system is not
the responsibility of the company, but the responsibility lies with the service provider. One of the risks that the
cloud platform brings is trust. Cloud platform users must trust the service provider to be available and secure.
Cloud platforms naturally fit into start-up projects, as they provide easy access to computer resources in a
modern data center for everyone. It's so simple and cheaper to try new things. If the project fails, it is not lost a lot
of money, if it succeeds, it's possible to react quickly and buy additional resources. Scalability of the application
inside the cloud is painless and guaranteed. Also, companies can find application platforms in the cloud in their
everyday business, e.g. when they need additional computing resources. Infrastructure as a service provides data
storage and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network. It enables the delivery of servers,
network technology, data storage and space in the data center. Servers, storage systems, and so on are designed to
handle a variety of workloads ranging from application components to high-speed computers performance. A
user who wants to develop an application in the cloud using the IaaS service must have access to the virtual
machines provided by the service provider. Suppose a user needs a database and a web server. It can select a
virtual machine for the database that the application will use and the virtual machines on which the application
will run. In order to more effectively balance the load, i.e. the application makes scalable it takes several virtual
machines on which the application will run and which contain some kind of web server. Once the virtual
machines are selected, you need to create a database and fill in the data, and then install the application on virtual
machines and configure the distributed load. Any further administration and upgrade of virtual machines should
be managed by the software developer. Unlike Infrastructure as a service, the platform as a service, PaaS, other
than computer. The resource also includes a set of features / tools for developing, testing, and deploying software,
as well as middleware. It can also offer application services such as team collaboration, database integration,
security, scalability, storage, and more. If a user who wants to develop an application in the cloud using PaaS has
an existing platform that knows how to run applications. Comparing the application development with the IaaS
service, users do not need to run virtual machines because the platform already exists. The burden of scheduling
the load and updating the operating system on virtual machines is led by the service provider, not the user itself.
The main difference between PaaS and IaaS is the level of control over the system available to the service user
(Armbrust et al., 2010). The IaaS service provides complete control, while the PaaS service usually does not
provide any control or provides only scheduled control. Application development using the PaaS service is faster,
cheaper, and less risky. Software developers are left with less work to do on their own. More work is left to the
platform. However, PaaS can be easily used in less cases compared to IaaS. The PaaS service is an excellent
solution in cases where the particular environment is intended, but is not suitable for wide use, such as IaaS. As
can be seen from the explanation in the previous chapters, computer clouds are, in fact, a means by which
computer resources can be offered to users in the form of public utility services, quite similar to the supply of
electricity, water, gas or telecommunications. In order to fully understand the conceptual advantages of
computing in the cloud, it is necessary to mention two main beneficial consequences of its definitive properties:

RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON CLOUD COMPUTING
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elasticity and optimum procurement. Elasticity means that the use of computer resources can be precisely
adjusted by the engagement of individual computers. Namely, most computers usually have a total yield between
5% and 20% (Hurwitz et al., 2009). At the same time, the services that these computers provide can be (and most
often are) such that they have peak (maximum) loads. When purchasing your own hardware, these loads must be
taken into account. Therefore, the buyer is in the situation that in ordinary times, when there are no peak loads,
the purchased hardware is underused, which significantly increases the cost of the drive, expressed at the cost of
the effective operating hours of the computer.
References
Lenk, A., Klems, M., Nimis, J., Tai, S., & Sandholm, T. (2009). What’s Inside the Cloud? An
Architectural Map of the Cloud Landscape, Proceedings of the 2009 ICSE Workshop on Software
Engineering Challenges of Cloud Computing, 23 - 31.
Hurwitz, J., Bloor, R., Kaufman, M. & Halper, F. (2010). Cloud Computing For Dummies, Indiana,
USA: Wiley Publishing Inc.
Armbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A. D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., Lee, G., Patterson, D.,
Rabkin, A., Stoica, I., Zaharia, M. A (2010). View of Cloud Computing. Communications of the
ACM, 53 (4), 50 - 58.