FM AUGUST 2018 ISSUE1 - digital edition

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To use the device, the person with diabetes inserts a tiny sensor beneath the skin in the abdomen or upper arm. The sensor, which measures glucose levels from the interstitial fluid under the skin, is attached to a transmitter that sends readings to an app, wearable monitor or insulin pump every five minutes. Domi Care, at-home Pap smear test for women A rizona State University industrial design graduate Lauren Emmerson and current senior Anastasia Miller created Domi Care, an at-home Pap smear test. It is designed to reduce anxiety associated with the procedure and give women more control over their health without interfering with their work or social life. Domi Care has recently been awarded first place in the International Housewares Association Student Design Competition. With Domi Care, women can perform a Pap smear test in the comfort of their own home, and then access the results and dialogue with their doctors through the Domi Care app. All they have to do is order the kit, then when it arrives, take a self-sample — which is a similar experience to using a tampon — then pack it back up and mail it to their doctor. They can keep track of the progress of their test with the Domi Care app, which will give them updates along the way to let them know when the lab received their test and when the results are in, as well as what those results are. Throughout that time, they can also use the app to ask questions and talk to their doctor about any concerns. OmniVision’s image sensor for endoscopes, catheters O mniVision Technologies, Inc. has introduced OH01A, a high definition (HD) medical image sensor. The OH01A provides 1280 x 800 resolution at a rate of 60 frames per second (FPS) in a tiny 2.5 x 1.5 mm package. The OH01A can be used for many diagnostic endoscope procedures, including airway-management (esophagoscopes, laryngoscopes, thorascopes, pleuroscopes, bronchoscopes, mediastinoscopes) and urology (utero-renoscope) applications. The OH01A has a 1/11-inch optical format, a 1.1-micron pixel and RAW data output. It offers 1280 x 800 resolution, which can be resized to 720p for HD (16:9 aspect ratio) or 800 x 800 for square displays. Both modes operate at 60 FPS for crisp, jitter-free images. Being stereo-ready, two OH01A image sensors can be synchronized to create 3D images for surgical procedures. Power consumption is 25% lower than that of previous-generation medical image sensors, which keeps the distal tip of the endoscope cooler for greater patient comfort. A high chief ray angle of 32 degrees enables a wider field of view in a slimmer module, resulting in a shorter rigid endoscope distal tip that allows for a tight bend radius. Support for both MIPI and sub-LVDS output interfaces allows the OH01A to transmit image data over long distances. It also integrates one-time-programmable (OTP) memory to store manufacturing and calibration information. - FM AI device to detect diabetic retinopathy T he US Food and Drug Administration permitted the marketing of IDx-DR, a medical device to use artificial intelligence (AI) to detect diabetic retinopathy in adults. IDx-DR is a software programme that uses an AI algorithm to analyze images of the eye taken with a retinal camera called the Topcon NW400. A doctor uploads the digital images of the patient’s retinas to a cloud server on which IDx-DR software is installed. If the images are of sufficient quality, the software provides the doctor with one of two results: (1) “more than mild diabetic retinopathy detected: refer to an eye care professional” or (2) “negative for more than mild diabetic retinopathy; rescreen in 12 months.” IDx-DR provides a screening decision without the need for a clinician to also interpret the image or results, which makes it usable by health care providers who may not normally be involved in eye care. Reviewed under the FDA’s De Novo premarket review pathway, IDx-DR was granted Breakthrough Device designation to expedite evidence generation and the agency’s review of the device AUGUST 2018/ FUTURE MEDICINE / 89
eviews Clinical utility of immunohistochemistry in thyroid cancers The study used novel anti-BRAF V600E antibody (clone RM8) for detection of the BRAF V600E mutant protein in papillary thyroid cancers Arvind Krishnamurthy, Vijayalakshmi Ramshankar, Kanchan Murhekar, Vidyarani Shyamsundar, Pavithra B Desai, Purvish Parikh (Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, India, Department Preventive Oncology Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, India, Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, India, Department Oral Pathology, Balaji Dental College, Chennai, India, and Director of Precision Oncology, Asian Cancer Institute, Mumbai) T hyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the endocrine system. The incidence in India is 13,801 new cases per 100,000 population, as per the GLOBOCAN data. The disease is rapidly increasing and there was an estimated prevalence of about 5539 cases in the year 2017. The major histological types of thyroid cancers are papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic thyroid cancers. Papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancers are generally well differentiated, indolent and highly curable with current treatment modalities. However a poorly differentiated thyroid cancer can progress to anaplastic thyroid cancer, which is considered to be one of the most aggressive and deadly histological types of thyroid cancers. A number of studies have established the association of the BRAF V600E with aggressive clinicpathological characteristics of PTC. A few studies, including the author’s earlier study, have further suggested that the presence of mutant BRAF V600E portended an adverse prognosis in patients with PTCs. BRAF testing can be done by several methods including immunohistochemistry (IHC), Sanger sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), mass spectrometry, real time PCR and next generation sequencing. In the present study, we have evaluated the presence of mutant BRAF V600E by conventional IHC in the formalin fixed paraffin section of patients treated for thyroid cancer using a mutation specific rabbit antibody RM8 and the results were compared to results obtained using molecular 90 / FUTURE MEDICINE / AUGUST 2018
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56 62 EDUCATION As Maharashtra Medi
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News updates TBI guidelines for Ind
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news updates due to low cost and fr
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column Genomics revolution in healt
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I n a path-breaking study, research
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policy Stem cell therapy guidelines
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policy Drug packs Large-sized gener
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cover story T he world is awakening
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cover story exosomes from a patient
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(ctDNA) in the blood. By detecting
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drug approvals Tofacitinib oral pil
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surgery debate To resect or not to
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diagnostics Taming sepsis Molecular
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diagnostics Systems Biology and Omi
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