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What’s interesting about India is that much of its preimperialist history is not often discussed. India’s heritage runneth over with iconic legends. From beautiful love stories like that of Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan to great conquerors like Bajirao I, we see a long, rich and at times, bloody history filled with countless phenomenal characters. Amongst these are several Indian Empresses who set in motion the beginning of India’s feminist movement. Let’s do this chronologically. 26
Mariam Uz Zamani Firstly, a bad bitch by the name of Mariam Uz Zamani. She is actually known by many names, most famous of which is Jodhabai. Her marriage to Emperor Akbar (she became his third wife) was one that caused much turmoil from other Indian rulers. Mariam was a Rajput princess marrying into a Mughal empire. This was of course not without its challenges. For those of you who don’t know (which included me up until 20 minutes ago) in 1525, just 17 years prior to Mariam’s birth, a war between the two factions ended in Mughal victory. At just 20 years of age, Hira Kunwari’s (as she was then called) life was signed over by her father to Emperor Akbar. She then was then given the name Mariam Uz Zamani, meaning “Mary of Ages” after she had her first son. This was particular because she was a Hindu and typically honorary titles were given only to Muslim noblewomen of the harem after giving birth to a son. So, what makes her so special? As a queen, she greatly improved relations between her own family and the Mughal empire, enabling them to gain much repute in the community, while, herself being subjected to much abuse for having been believed to have turned her back on her religion. However, she really hit her stride as Queen Mother. Her son, Salim, became 4th Mughal emperor in 1605. Mariam became one of the most prominent and astute International traders of the time. Some speculate that she, individually, was richer than some European countries at the time. Her business savvy was shown when she became owner of the Rahimi, the biggest vessel sailing the Red Sea at the time. It was a pilgrimage vessel used to carry Muslims to their holy city of Mecca. (Important to note: she wasn't even Muslim!) Her loyal son gave Mariam the right to issue firmans, that is official rights that were previously enjoyed by the Emperor alone. So revered was she at the time that her son erected the Begum Shahi Mosque in her honour. It is found, nowadays, in the city of Lahore, Pakistan. 27
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