SHELF 9780435183127 HISTORY PAPER 3 THE COLD WAR AND THE AMERICAS (1945-1981) STUDENT 60p

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Timeline lltry.Iryryl F!lp.t: pglitis: T ? :ql?tgt 19! lfs:.tile gl yi::gyri . . . Germany invades Poland and war breaks out in Europe. Canada declares war 9r 99tT1ry Ilyrql y,r: i:999fq !9rr ?::glqtgt19| Yi::qyli The US declares war on Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Germany and ll*ly lq:tsg ystel tle Vq . The lr/anhattan Project, the code name for research into building an atom Pgr9, P:cit: il L::l!flg:,.lfsy Yqlt:q The leaders of the US, Britain and the Soviet Union meet in Tehran for their [il:]. y.qti.n:. :9.1r.". .'9t.99. . . .. Truman is nominated to stand as Vice President at the Democratic 9slyqrligr ir ?lire9qlplre Stalin and Churchill meet in lrzloscow to discuss spheres of influence in Key concepts: Fg:t:n Fyr:.es,lli: ?:::r:: flgy *Jig qgrselt?se:.gsllsrgr:.. . Causation and consequence Truman: containment and its implications for the Americas Timeline The Big Three (Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin) meet at Yalta for the March ::99!9 y3li T9 9etl9r9!19: The Act of Chapultepec is signed by twenty Latin American countries and the US. They pledge to undertake joint action il :*:: gl {grsigl eg'qr..::i:r Right and Left in the Democratic Party When used to describe pol itical factions (group$, the Right refers to more conseryative, trad itional politicians who may, for example, have supported continued racial segregation or favou red isolationism, whereas the Left refers to politicians who might have favoured more liberal policies opposing segregation or wanted greater US involvement in the recovery of Europe. 4 July July lrq:r9qlt Tgg:syeli gie:flq i: :y:::99:9 ?yIlynel, . VE Day marks the surrender of Germany and the end of l:yltr Ey.tgP: . The first test of the atom bomb is successful The Potsdam Conference is attended by Truman, Stalin and 9l.'y',s|tllltg ?: teprqeeg Py.9eret 4Jtlee). . The atom bomb is dropped over Hiroshima and, three days later, irelieriter Qgrq p.9pp?e9.eyet lis?:3ii . V.J Day marks the formal surrender of .Japan and the end of the war in Asia and the Pacific. ln Canada, the Gouzenko defection uncovers a Soviet spy ring At the Democratic Party convention held in Chicago inl944,Harry S Truman was nominated as the vice President to stand alongside Franklin D Roosevelt who was looking for a fourth term in office. Truman was a compromise candidate between Henry wallace, a known left-wing syrnpathizer popular with civil rights supporters and labour unions, andJames flimmy) Byrnes, a supporter of segregation and from the right wing of the party. Senator Truman of Missouri had supported the New Deal,
which made him popular with the Left, but he was also popular among the Southern Democrats who represented the Right of the party. In 1944,many of the party luminaries were aware that Roosevelt was not in good health and so the choice of Vice President could be extremely important. If Roosevelt died in office, the Vice President would take over for the remainder of the term and therefore it was necessary to ensure that any potential candidate had the prerequisites to occupy the Oval Office. The Twenty-Second Amendment The US constitution set no limit on the number olterms that a president could run for office. Although, srnce the time of George Washington, who had refused to run for a third term, it had been customary for presidents to leave office after two terms. Roosevelt was the exceptron in that he stood for President, and won, ia 1932, 1936, 194A and 1944. la 1947 , Congress then passed Amendment XXll (ratified by the US states ln 1951) of the US Constitution that limited a president to two terms, totalling eight years in office. An excePtion was included whereby if a president died or had to leave office with two years or less of their term remaining, therr successor could complete the term and stand for another two fu terms in office. In other words, they could remain in office for a total of ten years. ln Trumant case, he succeeded Rooseve t when there were three years remaining but, because he was ln office when thls amendmentwas passed, he could, in theory, stand for re-election rn l94B and ln 1952 There are many different reasons lor thls amendment being proposed, including that this was an attempt by the Republican Party to discredit Roosevelt or, alternat vely, it was intended to prevent the US being ru ed by a president who might use his charisma and popular appeal to remain rn power. being a wdrtime president took its toll. Unlike the urbane and well-connected Roosevelt, Truman came from a poor, rural background and worked as a bank clerk and a bookkeeper before enlisting in the army when the US entered the First World War rn7917. After the war, Truman opened a haberdasher store (a men's clothing store) but the business failed and Tmman went to law school, eventually becoming a judge in the Jackson County Court. It was not ufltil1934 that he was elected to the US Senate as one of the two Senators for the state of Missouri. He was re-elected in 1940 and appointed chairman of the Senate Special Committee set up to ensure that defence contractors were held to high standards in the production of goods and that the costs were kept to a minimum. During wartime especially, this important post gave Truman an opportunity to become better known both in the Senate and to the American public. According to the White House website, during his tenure as Chairman of the Committee, Truman made savings of 'perhaps as much as $15 billion'through targeting waste and cormption. It was unsurprising therefore, that r /hen the Democratic Party was looking for a compromise candidate for Vice President in 1944, Truman was considered a safe, dependable choice.
Page 2 and 3: Thank you for the lB Diplom
Page 4 and 5: Published by Pearson Education Limi
Page 6 and 7: Oontents lntroduction @ rruman rne
Page 8 and 9: lntrod uction Assessment Objective
Page 10 and 11: lntroduction Writing Paper 3 essays
Page 12 and 13: lntroduction Command terms In order
Page 14 and 15: Truman
Page 18 and 19: With the Axis Powers (the alliance
Page 20 and 21: Truman The Manhattan Project
Page 22 and 23: At Potsdam, the line-up of leaders
Page 24 and 25: After Hiroshima and Nagasaki The Br
Page 26 and 27: There were indications that Soviet
Page 28 and 29: Getting the bill through Congress w
Page 30 and 31: The Cold War gripped the imaginatio
Page 32 and 33: Joseph McCarthy was a Senator for W
Page 34 and 35: Jt :a i', [,!]!iu ;ur / /vjrrlrad a
Page 36 and 37: co-ordinated global movement', call
Page 38 and 39: Canada and the Marshall Plan Emergi
Page 40 and 41: Key concept: Significance Overview
Page 42 and 43: in* We could argue that this change
Page 44 and 45: The Rio de Janeiro Conference for t
Page 46 and 47: Many artists reflected these views
Page 49 and 50: This chapter will focus on the Kore
Page 51 and 52: Dur ng the post-Second World War pe
Page 53 and 54: " Intervention in Korea was unlikel
Page 55 and 56: Read the source and then answer the
Page 57 and 58: This map shows how far south the So
Page 59 and 60: 1. What do you th nk cou d have bee
Page 61 and 62: China entered the war on 19 October
Page 63 and 64: The UN called for a ceasefire inJan
Page 65 and 66: The presidential election inl952was

SHELF 9780435183127 HISTORY PAPER 3 THE COLD WAR AND THE AMERICAS (1945-1981) STUDENT 60p

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