Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

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Asef Khwaja, MD Assistant Professor of Clinical Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Department of Radiology at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Priya Menon Krishnarao, MD <strong>Diagnostic</strong> Radiology Resident Department of Radiology Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San Jose, California Velauthan Rudralingam, MBBCh, FRCR (UK) Consultant Radiologist Department of Radiology University Hospital of South Manchester Manchester, United Kingdom Tanzilah Afzal Barrow, MBChB, BA, MA (Oxon), FRCR Radiology Resident University Hospital of South Manchester Manchester, United Kingdom Assistant Professor Department of Urology <strong>and</strong> Radiology (by Courtesy) Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California Thomas Westwood, MBBS, FRCR Consultant Radiologist The Christie NHS Foundation Trust Manchester, United Kingdom Keegan Hovis, MD PGY-1 Preliminary Intern Department of Internal Medicine Kaiser San Francisco San Francisco, California Rachel F. Magennis, MBChB, DMRD, FRCR Consultant Radiologist Department of Radiology University Hospital of South Manchester Manchester, United Kingdom Sue Liong, MBChB (Hons), FRCR Consultant Radiologist Department of Clinical Radiology University Hospital of South Manchester Manchester, United Kingdom Terry S. Desser, MD Professor Department of Radiology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, California Tapas K. Tejura, MD Assistant Professor of Clinical Radiology Department of Radiology Keck Medical Center of USC University of Southern California Los Angeles, California vii
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Page 2 and 3: Diagnostic Ultrasound
Page 4 and 5: Diagnostic Ultrasound Aya Kamaya, M
Page 6 and 7: Dedications To my sweet and support
Page 10 and 11: Preface
Page 12 and 13: Acknowledgements Text Editors Nina
Page 14 and 15: Sections PART I - Anatomy SECTION 1
Page 16 and 17: TABLE OF CONTENTS VASCULAR CONDITIO
Page 18 and 19: TABLE OF CONTENTS 562 Perigraft Flu
Page 20 and 21: TABLE OF CONTENTS 906 Hyperechoic G
Page 22 and 23: Diagnostic Ultrasound
Page 24 and 25: PART I SECTION 1 Abdomen Liver 4 Bi
Page 26 and 27: Liver ○ Appear as echolucent defe
Page 28 and 29: Liver Coronary ligament HEPATIC ATT
Page 30 and 31: Liver Segment 8 HEPATIC SEGMENTS Se
Page 32 and 33: Liver Rectus abdominis muscle LEFT
Page 34 and 35: Liver Abdominal muscle LEFT LOBE OF
Page 36 and 37: Liver Anterior right portal vein RI
Page 38 and 39: Liver PORTA HEPATIS Anatomy: Abdome
Page 40 and 41: Liver Inferior liver margin OTHER V
Page 42 and 43: Biliary System • Harmonic imaging
Page 44 and 45: Biliary System Left hepatic duct Ri
Page 46 and 47: Biliary System Right rectus muscle
Page 48 and 49: Biliary System COMMON BILE DUCT Ana
Page 50 and 51: Biliary System LEFT INTRAHEPATIC DU
Page 52 and 53: Spleen SPLEEN ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY
Page 54 and 55: Spleen Fat in splenic hilum Left he
Page 56 and 57: Spleen SPLENIC VESSELS Anatomy: Abd
Page 58 and 59:
Spleen Splenosis ANATOMICAL VARIANT
Page 60 and 61:
Pancreas PANCREAS IN SITU Anatomy:
Page 62 and 63:
Pancreas PANCREAS, TRANSVERSE VIEW
Page 64 and 65:
Pancreas Left lobe of liver PANCREA
Page 66 and 67:
Kidneys - Normal peak systolic velo
Page 68 and 69:
Kidneys KIDNEY ARTERIES AND INTERIO
Page 70 and 71:
Kidneys RENAL FASCIA AND PERIRENAL
Page 72 and 73:
Kidneys Right hemidiaphragm RIGHT K
Page 74 and 75:
Kidneys RIGHT KIDNEY, CT CORRELATIO
Page 76 and 77:
Kidneys Right erector spinae muscle
Page 78 and 79:
Kidneys RIGHT INTRARENAL ARTERY AND
Page 80 and 81:
Kidneys LEFT KIDNEY, CT CORRELATION
Page 82 and 83:
Kidneys LEFT KIDNEY, CT CORRELATION
Page 84 and 85:
Kidneys Subcutaneous fat Left latis
Page 86 and 87:
Kidneys LEFT MAIN RENAL ARTERY AND
Page 88 and 89:
Kidneys Right lobe of liver MULTIPL
Page 90 and 91:
Bowel - Forms an incomplete ring in
Page 92 and 93:
Bowel Falciform ligament STOMACH AN
Page 94 and 95:
Bowel SMALL INTESTINE Anatomy: Abdo
Page 96 and 97:
Bowel Abdominal wall STOMACH Anatom
Page 98 and 99:
Bowel Rectus muscle SMALL BOWEL Ana
Page 100 and 101:
Bowel Abdominal wall musculature Ce
Page 102 and 103:
Bowel LARGE BOWEL Abdominal wall mu
Page 104 and 105:
Bowel Urinary bladder RECTOSIGMOID
Page 106 and 107:
Abdominal Lymph Nodes RETROPERITONE
Page 108 and 109:
Abdominal Lymph Nodes LYMPHANGIOGRA
Page 110 and 111:
Peritoneal Spaces and Structures PE
Page 112 and 113:
Peritoneal Spaces and Structures PE
Page 114 and 115:
Peritoneal Spaces and Structures Li
Page 116 and 117:
Peritoneal Spaces and Structures IN
Page 118 and 119:
Abdominal Wall ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL W
Page 120 and 121:
Abdominal Wall MUSCLES OF BACK IN S
Page 122 and 123:
Abdominal Wall Subcutaneous fat Rig
Page 124 and 125:
Abdominal Wall Right lobe of liver
Page 126 and 127:
Abdominal Wall Right rectus abdomin
Page 128 and 129:
Abdominal Wall Subcutaneous fat Rig
Page 130 and 131:
PART I SECTION 2 Pelvis Ureters and
Page 132 and 133:
Ureters and Bladder - Distended bla
Page 134 and 135:
Ureters and Bladder URINARY BLADDER
Page 136 and 137:
Ureters and Bladder CT UROGRAM CORR
Page 138 and 139:
Ureters and Bladder Liver URETER An
Page 140 and 141:
Ureters and Bladder WEIGERT-MEYER L
Page 142 and 143:
Prostate ○ Sac-like structures su
Page 144 and 145:
Prostate ZONAL ANATOMY OF THE PROST
Page 146 and 147:
Prostate SEMINAL VESICLES AND VAS D
Page 148 and 149:
Prostate PROSTATE ANATOMY Anatomy:
Page 150 and 151:
Testes ○ Internal oblique muscle
Page 152 and 153:
Testes EPIDIDYMIS AND SCROTAL WALL
Page 154 and 155:
Testes TESTIS, SAGITTAL VIEW Anatom
Page 156 and 157:
Testes Scrotal wall EPIDIDYMIS, HEA
Page 158 and 159:
Testes TESTICULAR AND EPIDIDYMAL AP
Page 160 and 161:
Testes ARTERIAL AND VENOUS SUPPLY A
Page 162 and 163:
Uterus ARTERIES OF UTERUS AND ADJAC
Page 164 and 165:
Uterus NORMAL VARIATIONS, UTERINE P
Page 166 and 167:
Uterus UTERINE VARIATIONS WITH AGE
Page 168 and 169:
Uterus CYCLIC CHANGES OF ENDOMETRIU
Page 170 and 171:
Uterus FALLOPIAN TUBE Anatomy: Pelv
Page 172 and 173:
Cervix GRAPHICS OF CERVIX ANATOMY A
Page 174 and 175:
Cervix TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND OF C
Page 176 and 177:
Cervix CHANGES OF CERVIX DURING PRE
Page 178 and 179:
Vagina GRAPHICS OF NORMAL VAGINAL A
Page 180 and 181:
Vagina Urinary bladder TRANSVERSE U
Page 182 and 183:
Vagina SPECTRAL WAVEFORM OF VAGINAL
Page 184 and 185:
Ovaries Mesosalpinx LIGAMENTOUS SUP
Page 186 and 187:
Ovaries Transvaginal transducer NOR
Page 188 and 189:
Ovaries Ovarian artery SPECTRAL WAV
Page 190 and 191:
Ovaries CYCLIC CHANGES OF OVARY Ana
Page 192 and 193:
Ovaries CYCLIC CHANGES OF INTRAOVAR
Page 194 and 195:
Liver Transplant Hepatic Artery Ste
Page 196 and 197:
Approach to Hepatic Sonography (Lef
Page 198 and 199:
Approach to Hepatic Sonography (Lef
Page 200 and 201:
Acute Hepatitis TERMINOLOGY Definit
Page 202 and 203:
Acute Hepatitis (Left) Transverse g
Page 204 and 205:
Hepatic Cirrhosis TERMINOLOGY Defin
Page 206 and 207:
Hepatic Cirrhosis (Left) Longitudin
Page 208 and 209:
Hepatic Steatosis TERMINOLOGY Synon
Page 210 and 211:
Hepatic Steatosis (Left) Transverse
Page 212 and 213:
Hepatic Schistosomiasis TERMINOLOGY
Page 214 and 215:
Venoocclusive Disease TERMINOLOGY A
Page 216 and 217:
Venoocclusive Disease (Left) Graysc
Page 218 and 219:
Hepatic Cyst TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 220 and 221:
Hepatic Cyst (Left) Transverse and
Page 222 and 223:
Biliary Hamartoma TERMINOLOGY Synon
Page 224 and 225:
Biliary Hamartoma (Left) Ultrasound
Page 226 and 227:
Caroli Disease TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 228 and 229:
Caroli Disease (Left) Oblique abdom
Page 230 and 231:
Biloma TERMINOLOGY Definitions •
Page 232 and 233:
Biliary Cystadenoma/Carcinoma TERMI
Page 234 and 235:
Biliary Cystadenoma/Carcinoma (Left
Page 236 and 237:
Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess TERMINOLOG
Page 238 and 239:
Pyogenic Hepatic Abscess (Left) Obl
Page 240 and 241:
Amebic Hepatic Abscess TERMINOLOGY
Page 242 and 243:
Amebic Hepatic Abscess (Left) Longi
Page 244 and 245:
Hepatic Echinococcus Cyst TERMINOLO
Page 246 and 247:
Hepatic Echinococcus Cyst (Left) Ob
Page 248 and 249:
Hepatic Diffuse Microabscesses TERM
Page 250 and 251:
Peribiliary Cyst TERMINOLOGY Synony
Page 252 and 253:
Ciliated Hepatic Foregut Cyst TERMI
Page 254 and 255:
Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma TERMIN
Page 256 and 257:
Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma (Left)
Page 258 and 259:
Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma (Left)
Page 260 and 261:
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia TERMINOLO
Page 262 and 263:
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (Left) Tr
Page 264 and 265:
Hepatic Adenoma TERMINOLOGY Synonym
Page 266 and 267:
Hepatic Adenoma (Left) Transverse t
Page 268 and 269:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma TERMINOLOG
Page 270 and 271:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Left) Tra
Page 272 and 273:
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Left) Tra
Page 274 and 275:
Hepatic Metastases TERMINOLOGY Defi
Page 276 and 277:
Hepatic Metastases (Left) Transvers
Page 278 and 279:
Hepatic Lymphoma TERMINOLOGY Defini
Page 280 and 281:
Hepatic Lymphoma (Left) Transverse
Page 282 and 283:
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosyst
Page 284 and 285:
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosyst
Page 286 and 287:
Portal Vein Occlusion TERMINOLOGY A
Page 288 and 289:
Portal Vein Occlusion (Left) Color
Page 290 and 291:
Budd-Chiari Syndrome TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 292 and 293:
Budd-Chiari Syndrome (Left) Color D
Page 294 and 295:
Portal Vein Gas TERMINOLOGY Abbrevi
Page 296 and 297:
Liver Transplant Portal Vein Stenos
Page 298 and 299:
Liver Transplant Biliary Stricture
Page 300 and 301:
PART II SECTION 2 Biliary System In
Page 302 and 303:
Approach to Biliary Sonography hosp
Page 304 and 305:
Approach to Biliary Sonography (Lef
Page 306 and 307:
Approach to Biliary Sonography (Lef
Page 308 and 309:
Cholelithiasis TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 310 and 311:
Cholelithiasis (Left) Longitudinal
Page 312 and 313:
Cholelithiasis (Left) Abdominal rad
Page 314 and 315:
Echogenic Bile TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 316 and 317:
Echogenic Bile (Left) Transverse ul
Page 318 and 319:
Gallbladder Cholesterol Polyp TERMI
Page 320 and 321:
Gallbladder Cholesterol Polyp (Left
Page 322 and 323:
Acute Calculous Cholecystitis TERMI
Page 324 and 325:
Acute Calculous Cholecystitis (Left
Page 326 and 327:
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis TERM
Page 328 and 329:
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis (Lef
Page 330 and 331:
Chronic Cholecystitis TERMINOLOGY D
Page 332 and 333:
Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis T
Page 334 and 335:
Porcelain Gallbladder TERMINOLOGY A
Page 336 and 337:
Hyperplastic Cholecystosis (Adenomy
Page 338 and 339:
Hyperplastic Cholecystosis (Adenomy
Page 340 and 341:
Gallbladder Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY A
Page 342 and 343:
Gallbladder Carcinoma (Left) Sagitt
Page 344 and 345:
Biliary Ductal Dilatation IMAGING G
Page 346 and 347:
Choledochal Cyst TERMINOLOGY Synony
Page 348 and 349:
Choledochal Cyst (Left) Longitudina
Page 350 and 351:
Choledocholithiasis TERMINOLOGY Abb
Page 352 and 353:
Choledocholithiasis (Left) A single
Page 354 and 355:
Biliary Ductal Gas TERMINOLOGY Syno
Page 356 and 357:
Cholangiocarcinoma TERMINOLOGY Syno
Page 358 and 359:
Cholangiocarcinoma (Left) Ultrasoun
Page 360 and 361:
Ascending Cholangitis TERMINOLOGY S
Page 362 and 363:
Ascending Cholangitis (Left) Longit
Page 364 and 365:
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis TERM
Page 366 and 367:
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis (Lef
Page 368 and 369:
AIDS-Related Cholangiopathy TERMINO
Page 370 and 371:
PART II SECTION 3 Pancreas Introduc
Page 372 and 373:
Approach to Pancreatic Sonography C
Page 374 and 375:
Approach to Pancreatic Sonography (
Page 376 and 377:
Acute Pancreatitis TERMINOLOGY Abbr
Page 378 and 379:
Acute Pancreatitis (Left) Transvers
Page 380 and 381:
Pancreatic Pseudocyst TERMINOLOGY D
Page 382 and 383:
Pancreatic Pseudocyst (Left) Transv
Page 384 and 385:
Chronic Pancreatitis TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 386 and 387:
Chronic Pancreatitis (Left) Transve
Page 388 and 389:
Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor TE
Page 390 and 391:
Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor (L
Page 392 and 393:
Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas TERM
Page 394 and 395:
Serous Cystadenoma of Pancreas (Lef
Page 396 and 397:
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neop
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma TERMINO
Page 404 and 405:
Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma (Left)
Page 406 and 407:
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor TER
Page 408 and 409:
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (Le
Page 410 and 411:
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm TERM
Page 412 and 413:
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm (Lef
Page 414 and 415:
PART II SECTION 4 Spleen Introducti
Page 416 and 417:
Approach to Splenic Sonography sple
Page 418 and 419:
Approach to Splenic Sonography (Lef
Page 420 and 421:
Approach to Splenic Sonography (Lef
Page 422 and 423:
Splenomegaly TERMINOLOGY Abbreviati
Page 424 and 425:
Splenomegaly (Left) US in a 92-year
Page 426 and 427:
Splenic Cyst TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 428 and 429:
Splenic Cyst (Left) Grayscale US of
Page 430 and 431:
Splenic Tumors TERMINOLOGY Definiti
Page 432 and 433:
Splenic Tumors (Left) Longitudinal
Page 434 and 435:
Splenic Tumors (Left) A solid, hypo
Page 436 and 437:
Splenic Infarct TERMINOLOGY Abbrevi
Page 438 and 439:
Splenic Infarct (Left) Power Dopple
Page 440 and 441:
Vascular Conditions Renal Artery St
Page 442 and 443:
Approach to Urinary Tract Sonograph
Page 444 and 445:
Approach to Urinary Tract Sonograph
Page 446 and 447:
Column of Bertin, Kidney TERMINOLOG
Page 448 and 449:
Renal Junction Line TERMINOLOGY Syn
Page 450 and 451:
Renal Ectopia TERMINOLOGY Abbreviat
Page 452 and 453:
Renal Ectopia (Left) Grayscale ultr
Page 454 and 455:
Horseshoe Kidney TERMINOLOGY Defini
Page 456 and 457:
Horseshoe Kidney (Left) Longitudina
Page 458 and 459:
Ureteral Duplication TERMINOLOGY Sy
Page 460 and 461:
Ureteral Duplication (Left) Longitu
Page 462 and 463:
Ureteral Ectopia TERMINOLOGY Abbrev
Page 464 and 465:
Ureteral Ectopia (Left) Coronal T2
Page 466 and 467:
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
Page 468 and 469:
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction
Page 470 and 471:
Urolithiasis TERMINOLOGY Abbreviati
Page 472 and 473:
Urolithiasis (Left) Longitudinal US
Page 474 and 475:
Urolithiasis (Left) Intravenous pye
Page 476 and 477:
Nephrocalcinosis TERMINOLOGY Abbrev
Page 478 and 479:
Nephrocalcinosis (Left) Coronal MIP
Page 480 and 481:
Hydronephrosis TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 482 and 483:
Hydronephrosis (Left) Longitudinal
Page 484 and 485:
Simple Renal Cyst TERMINOLOGY Defin
Page 486 and 487:
Simple Renal Cyst (Left) Longitudin
Page 488 and 489:
Complex Renal Cyst TERMINOLOGY Defi
Page 490 and 491:
Complex Renal Cyst (Left) Transvers
Page 492 and 493:
Cystic Disease of Dialysis TERMINOL
Page 494 and 495:
Cystic Disease of Dialysis (Left) L
Page 496 and 497:
Multilocular Cystic Nephroma TERMIN
Page 498 and 499:
Acute Pyelonephritis TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 500 and 501:
Acute Pyelonephritis (Left) Longitu
Page 502 and 503:
Renal Abscess TERMINOLOGY Definitio
Page 504 and 505:
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis TERMIN
Page 506 and 507:
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis (Left)
Page 508 and 509:
Pyonephrosis TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 510 and 511:
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Page 512 and 513:
Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract TERMINO
Page 514 and 515:
Tuberculosis, Urinary Tract (Left)
Page 516 and 517:
Renal Cell Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 518 and 519:
Renal Cell Carcinoma (Left) Longitu
Page 520 and 521:
Renal Metastases IMAGING General Fe
Page 522 and 523:
Renal Angiomyolipoma TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 524 and 525:
Renal Angiomyolipoma (Left) Longitu
Page 526 and 527:
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma TE
Page 528 and 529:
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (L
Page 530 and 531:
Renal Lymphoma TERMINOLOGY Abbrevia
Page 532 and 533:
Renal Lymphoma (Left) Longitudinal
Page 534 and 535:
Renal Artery Stenosis TERMINOLOGY A
Page 536 and 537:
Renal Artery Stenosis (Left) Obliqu
Page 538 and 539:
Renal Vein Thrombosis TERMINOLOGY A
Page 540 and 541:
Renal Vein Thrombosis (Left) Longit
Page 542 and 543:
Renal Infarct TERMINOLOGY Definitio
Page 544 and 545:
Perinephric Hematoma TERMINOLOGY De
Page 546 and 547:
Prostatic Hyperplasia TERMINOLOGY A
Page 548 and 549:
Prostatic Hyperplasia (Left) Axial
Page 550 and 551:
Prostatic Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY Abb
Page 552 and 553:
Prostatic Carcinoma (Left) Transver
Page 554 and 555:
Prostatic Carcinoma (Left) Transver
Page 556 and 557:
Bladder Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY Defin
Page 558 and 559:
Bladder Carcinoma (Left) Transverse
Page 560 and 561:
Ureterocele TERMINOLOGY Definitions
Page 562 and 563:
Ureterocele (Left) Transabdominal l
Page 564 and 565:
Bladder Diverticulum TERMINOLOGY Ab
Page 566 and 567:
Bladder Diverticulum (Left) Transab
Page 568 and 569:
Bladder Calculi TERMINOLOGY Synonym
Page 570 and 571:
Schistosomiasis, Bladder TERMINOLOG
Page 572 and 573:
PART II SECTION 6 Kidney Transplant
Page 574 and 575:
Approach to Sonography of Renal All
Page 576 and 577:
Page 578 and 579:
Page 580 and 581:
Allograft Hydronephrosis TERMINOLOG
Page 582 and 583:
Allograft Hydronephrosis (Left) Lon
Page 584 and 585:
Perigraft Fluid Collections TERMINO
Page 586 and 587:
Perigraft Fluid Collections (Left)
Page 588 and 589:
Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis TE
Page 590 and 591:
Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis (L
Page 592 and 593:
Transplant Renal Artery Thrombosis
Page 594 and 595:
Transplant Renal Vein Thrombosis TE
Page 596 and 597:
Renal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV)
Page 598 and 599:
Renal Transplant Pseudoaneurysm TER
Page 600 and 601:
Renal Transplant Rejection IMAGING
Page 602 and 603:
Delayed Renal Graft Function TERMIN
Page 604 and 605:
PART II SECTION 7 Adrenal Gland Adr
Page 606 and 607:
Adrenal Hemorrhage TERMINOLOGY Abbr
Page 608 and 609:
Adrenal Hemorrhage (Left) Longitudi
Page 610 and 611:
Myelolipoma TERMINOLOGY Definitions
Page 612 and 613:
Myelolipoma (Left) Longitudinal US
Page 614 and 615:
Adrenal Adenoma TERMINOLOGY Synonym
Page 616 and 617:
Adrenal Adenoma (Left) Longitudinal
Page 618 and 619:
Adrenal Cyst TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 620 and 621:
Pheochromocytoma TERMINOLOGY Defini
Page 622 and 623:
Pheochromocytoma (Left) Longitudina
Page 624 and 625:
Adrenal Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY Synon
Page 626 and 627:
Adrenal Carcinoma (Left) Transverse
Page 628 and 629:
PART II SECTION 8 Abdominal Wall/Pe
Page 630 and 631:
Approach to Sonography of Abdominal
Page 632 and 633:
Approach to Sonography of Abdominal
Page 634 and 635:
Abdominal Wall Hernia TERMINOLOGY D
Page 636 and 637:
Abdominal Wall Hernia (Left) Transv
Page 638 and 639:
Abdominal Wall Hernia (Left) Transv
Page 640 and 641:
Groin Hernia TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 642 and 643:
Groin Hernia (Left) Graphic shows a
Page 644 and 645:
Groin Hernia (Left) Longitudinal ul
Page 646 and 647:
Ascites TERMINOLOGY Definitions •
Page 648 and 649:
Ascites (Left) Transverse ultrasoun
Page 650 and 651:
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis TERMINOLO
Page 652 and 653:
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (Left) Lo
Page 654 and 655:
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis (Left) Tr
Page 656 and 657:
Peritoneal Space Abscess TERMINOLOG
Page 658 and 659:
Peritoneal Space Abscess (Left) Tra
Page 660 and 661:
Segmental Omental Infarction TERMIN
Page 662 and 663:
PART II SECTION 9 Bowel Approach to
Page 664 and 665:
Approach to Bowel Sonography Given
Page 666 and 667:
Approach to Bowel Sonography (Left)
Page 668 and 669:
Appendicitis TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 670 and 671:
Appendicitis (Left) Axial ultrasoun
Page 672 and 673:
Appendicitis (Left) Axial ultrasoun
Page 674 and 675:
Appendiceal Mucocele TERMINOLOGY De
Page 676 and 677:
Appendiceal Mucocele (Left) Sagitta
Page 678 and 679:
Intussusception TERMINOLOGY Definit
Page 680 and 681:
Intussusception (Left) Transverse t
Page 682 and 683:
Epiploic Appendagitis TERMINOLOGY A
Page 684 and 685:
Epiploic Appendagitis (Left) Graysc
Page 686 and 687:
Diverticulitis TERMINOLOGY Definiti
Page 688 and 689:
Diverticulitis (Left) Acute diverti
Page 690 and 691:
Crohn Disease TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 692 and 693:
Crohn Disease (Left) Long-axis ultr
Page 694 and 695:
Crohn Disease (Left) Long-axis ultr
Page 696 and 697:
Large Bowel Malignancy TERMINOLOGY
Page 698 and 699:
Large Bowel Malignancy (Left) Hepat
Page 700 and 701:
PART II SECTION 10 Scrotum Introduc
Page 702 and 703:
Approach to Scrotal Sonography (Lef
Page 704 and 705:
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors TERMINO
Page 706 and 707:
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (Left)
Page 708 and 709:
Gonadal Stromal Tumors, Testis TERM
Page 710 and 711:
Gonadal Stromal Tumors, Testis (Lef
Page 712 and 713:
Testicular Lymphoma/Leukemia TERMIN
Page 714 and 715:
Epidermoid Cyst TERMINOLOGY Synonym
Page 716 and 717:
Tubular Ectasia of Rete Testis TERM
Page 718 and 719:
Testicular Microlithiasis TERMINOLO
Page 720 and 721:
Testicular Microlithiasis (Left) Tr
Page 722 and 723:
Testicular Torsion/Infarction TERMI
Page 724 and 725:
Testicular Torsion/Infarction (Left
Page 726 and 727:
Undescended Testis TERMINOLOGY Syno
Page 728 and 729:
Epididymitis/Orchitis TERMINOLOGY S
Page 730 and 731:
Epididymitis/Orchitis (Left) Sagitt
Page 732 and 733:
Scrotal Trauma TERMINOLOGY Definiti
Page 734 and 735:
Scrotal Trauma (Left) Transverse gr
Page 736 and 737:
Hydrocele TERMINOLOGY Definitions
Page 738 and 739:
Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst TERMIN
Page 740 and 741:
Adenomatoid Tumor TERMINOLOGY Defin
Page 742 and 743:
Varicocele TERMINOLOGY Definitions
Page 744 and 745:
Non-Ovarian Cystic Masses Hydrosalp
Page 746 and 747:
Approach to Sonography of the Femal
Page 748 and 749:
Nabothian Cyst TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 750 and 751:
Nabothian Cyst (Left) Longitudinal
Page 752 and 753:
Cervical Carcinoma IMAGING General
Page 754 and 755:
Cervical Carcinoma (Left) Longitudi
Page 756 and 757:
Cervical Carcinoma (Left) Longitudi
Page 758 and 759:
Adenomyosis TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 760 and 761:
Adenomyosis (Left) Longitudinal tra
Page 762 and 763:
Leiomyoma TERMINOLOGY Abbreviations
Page 764 and 765:
Leiomyoma (Left) Transvaginal ultra
Page 766 and 767:
Leiomyoma (Left) Transverse transab
Page 768 and 769:
Uterine Anomalies TERMINOLOGY Abbre
Page 770 and 771:
Uterine Anomalies (Left) 3D ultraso
Page 772 and 773:
Uterine Anomalies (Left) Graphic of
Page 774 and 775:
Hematometrocolpos TERMINOLOGY Abbre
Page 776 and 777:
Hematometrocolpos (Left) Transverse
Page 778 and 779:
Endometrial Polyp TERMINOLOGY Abbre
Page 780 and 781:
Endometrial Polyp (Left) Longitudin
Page 782 and 783:
Endometrial Polyp (Left) Transabdom
Page 784 and 785:
Endometrial Carcinoma TERMINOLOGY A
Page 786 and 787:
Endometrial Carcinoma (Left) Longit
Page 788 and 789:
Endometritis TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 790 and 791:
Endometritis (Left) Longitudinal tr
Page 792 and 793:
Intrauterine Device TERMINOLOGY Abb
Page 794 and 795:
Intrauterine Device (Left) Longitud
Page 796 and 797:
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy TERMINOLOGY
Page 798 and 799:
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy (Left) Tran
Page 800 and 801:
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy (Left) Sagi
Page 802 and 803:
Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies TERMINO
Page 804 and 805:
Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies (Left)
Page 806 and 807:
Unusual Ectopic Pregnancies (Left)
Page 808 and 809:
Failed First Trimester Pregnancy TE
Page 810 and 811:
Failed First Trimester Pregnancy (L
Page 812 and 813:
Failed First Trimester Pregnancy (L
Page 814 and 815:
Retained Products of Conception TER
Page 816 and 817:
Retained Products of Conception (Le
Page 818 and 819:
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease T
Page 820 and 821:
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (
Page 822 and 823:
Functional Ovarian Cyst TERMINOLOGY
Page 824 and 825:
Functional Ovarian Cyst (Left) Typi
Page 826 and 827:
Hemorrhagic Cyst TERMINOLOGY Abbrev
Page 828 and 829:
Hemorrhagic Cyst (Left) Using color
Page 830 and 831:
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome T
Page 832 and 833:
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (
Page 834 and 835:
Serous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinom
Page 836 and 837:
Serous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcinom
Page 838 and 839:
Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcin
Page 840 and 841:
Mucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/Carcin
Page 842 and 843:
Ovarian Teratoma TERMINOLOGY Synony
Page 844 and 845:
Ovarian Teratoma (Left) Ultrasound
Page 846 and 847:
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome TERMINO
Page 848 and 849:
Endometrioma TERMINOLOGY Synonyms
Page 850 and 851:
Endometrioma (Left) Longitudinal en
Page 852 and 853:
Hydrosalpinx TERMINOLOGY Definition
Page 854 and 855:
Hydrosalpinx (Left) Longitudinal tr
Page 856 and 857:
Tubo-Ovarian Abscess TERMINOLOGY De
Page 858 and 859:
Tubo-Ovarian Abscess (Left) Longitu
Page 860 and 861:
Parovarian Cyst TERMINOLOGY Abbrevi
Page 862 and 863:
Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst TERMINOLO
Page 864 and 865:
Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst (Left) Sa
Page 866 and 867:
Bartholin Cyst TERMINOLOGY Definiti
Page 868 and 869:
Gartner Duct Cyst TERMINOLOGY Abbre
Page 870 and 871:
Gartner Duct Cyst (Left) Longitudin
Page 872 and 873:
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor TERMINOLOGY
Page 874 and 875:
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor (Left) Trans
Page 876 and 877:
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor (Left) Sagit
Page 878 and 879:
Adnexal/Ovarian Torsion TERMINOLOGY
Page 880 and 881:
Adnexal/Ovarian Torsion (Left) Long
Page 882 and 883:
Ovarian Metastases Including Kruken
Page 884 and 885:
Ovarian Metastases Including Kruken
Page 886 and 887:
PART III SECTION 1 Liver Hepatomega
Page 888 and 889:
Hepatomegaly - Firm consistency (du
Page 890 and 891:
Hepatomegaly Lymphoma Lymphoma (Lef
Page 892 and 893:
Diffuse Liver Disease Acute/Chronic
Page 894 and 895:
Cystic Liver Lesion ○ May be soli
Page 896 and 897:
Cystic Liver Lesion Peribiliary Cys
Page 898 and 899:
Hypoechoic Liver Mass - Adjacent he
Page 900 and 901:
Hypoechoic Liver Mass Infected Bilo
Page 902 and 903:
Echogenic Liver Mass • Fibrolamel
Page 904 and 905:
Echogenic Liver Mass Hepatic Ligame
Page 906 and 907:
Target Lesions in Liver Hepatic Met
Page 908 and 909:
Multiple Hepatic Masses ○ Cluster
Page 910 and 911:
Multiple Hepatic Masses Cirrhosis W
Page 912 and 913:
Hepatic Mass With Central Scar Foca
Page 914 and 915:
Periportal Lesion Helpful Clues for
Page 916 and 917:
Periportal Lesion Peribiliary Cyst
Page 918 and 919:
Irregular Hepatic Surface Subcapsul
Page 920 and 921:
Portal Vein Abnormality Bland Porta
Page 922 and 923:
PART III SECTION 2 Biliary System
Page 924 and 925:
Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening
Page 926 and 927:
Diffuse Gallbladder Wall Thickening
Page 928 and 929:
Hyperechoic Gallbladder Wall Porcel
Page 930 and 931:
Focal Gallbladder Wall Thickening/M
Page 932 and 933:
Echogenic Material in Gallbladder S
Page 934 and 935:
Dilated Gallbladder ○ Distended n
Page 936 and 937:
Dilated Gallbladder Mucocele/Hydrop
Page 938 and 939:
Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Duct
Page 940 and 941:
PART III SECTION 3 Pancreas Cystic
Page 942 and 943:
Cystic Pancreatic Lesion Helpful Cl
Page 944 and 945:
Cystic Pancreatic Lesion Mucinous C
Page 946 and 947:
Solid Pancreatic Lesion ○ Usually
Page 948 and 949:
Solid Pancreatic Lesion Serous Cyst
Page 950 and 951:
Pancreatic Duct Dilatation Chronic
Page 952 and 953:
PART III SECTION 4 Spleen Focal Spl
Page 954 and 955:
Focal Splenic Lesion - Typically mu
Page 956 and 957:
Focal Splenic Lesion Pyogenic Absce
Page 958 and 959:
Focal Splenic Lesion Splenic Infarc
Page 960 and 961:
PART III SECTION 5 Urinary Tract 9
Page 962 and 963:
Intraluminal Bladder Mass Bladder C
Page 964 and 965:
Abnormal Bladder Wall □ Uterine c
Page 966 and 967:
Abnormal Bladder Wall Invasion by P
Page 968 and 969:
PART III SECTION 6 Kidney Enlarged
Page 970 and 971:
Enlarged Kidney - Nonneoplastic cau
Page 972 and 973:
Enlarged Kidney Perinephric Fluid C
Page 974 and 975:
Small Kidney ○ Pseudotumors from
Page 976 and 977:
Small Kidney Postobstructive Atroph
Page 978 and 979:
Hypoechoic Kidney • Multiple Myel
Page 980 and 981:
Hypoechoic Kidney Acute Renal Arter
Page 982 and 983:
Hyperechoic Kidney ○ Echogenic co
Page 984 and 985:
Hyperechoic Kidney Chronic Glomerul
Page 986 and 987:
Cystic Renal Mass ○ Associated wi
Page 988 and 989:
Cystic Renal Mass Multicystic Dyspl
Page 990 and 991:
Solid Renal Mass • Horseshoe Kidn
Page 992 and 993:
Solid Renal Mass Renal Lymphoma Ren
Page 994 and 995:
Renal Pseudotumor Column of Bertin
Page 996 and 997:
Dilated Renal Pelvis • Intrarenal
Page 998 and 999:
Dilated Renal Pelvis Pyonephrosis P
Page 1000 and 1001:
PART III SECTION 7 Abdominal Wall/P
Page 1002 and 1003:
Diffuse Peritoneal Fluid Hemoperito
Page 1004 and 1005:
Solid Peritoneal Mass - Higher dens
Page 1006 and 1007:
Solid Peritoneal Mass Mimics Benign
Page 1008 and 1009:
Cystic Peritoneal Mass ○ Women of
Page 1010 and 1011:
Cystic Peritoneal Mass Pseudomyxoma
Page 1012 and 1013:
PART III SECTION 8 Prostate Enlarge
Page 1014 and 1015:
Enlarged Prostate Benign Prostatic
Page 1016 and 1017:
Focal Lesion in Prostate ○ Variab
Page 1018 and 1019:
Focal Lesion in Prostate Müllerian
Page 1020 and 1021:
PART III SECTION 9 Bowel Bowel Wall
Page 1022 and 1023:
Bowel Wall Thickening - Distal ileu
Page 1024 and 1025:
Bowel Wall Thickening Crohn Disease
Page 1026 and 1027:
Bowel Wall Thickening Clostridium D
Page 1028 and 1029:
PART III SECTION 10 Scrotum 1008
Page 1030 and 1031:
Diffuse Testicular Enlargement Test
Page 1032 and 1033:
Decreased Testicular Size Testicula
Page 1034 and 1035:
Testicular Calcifications Sertoli C
Page 1036 and 1037:
Focal Testicular Mass - Most common
Page 1038 and 1039:
Focal Testicular Mass Testicular Ly
Page 1040 and 1041:
Focal Extratesticular Mass - 3-50 m
Page 1042 and 1043:
Focal Extratesticular Mass Inguinal
Page 1044 and 1045:
Focal Extratesticular Mass Liposarc
Page 1046 and 1047:
Extratesticular Cystic Mass Varicoc
Page 1048 and 1049:
PART III SECTION 11 Female Pelvis
Page 1050 and 1051:
Cystic Adnexal Mass □ Hemorrhagic
Page 1052 and 1053:
Cystic Adnexal Mass Dermoid (Mature
Page 1054 and 1055:
Solid Adnexal Mass - May masquerade
Page 1056 and 1057:
Solid Adnexal Mass Fibrothecoma Hem
Page 1058 and 1059:
Extraovarian Adnexal Mass Helpful C
Page 1060 and 1061:
Extraovarian Adnexal Mass Paraovari
Page 1062 and 1063:
Extraovarian Adnexal Mass Lymph Nod
Page 1064 and 1065:
Enlarged Ovary - Often bilateral (5
Page 1066 and 1067:
Enlarged Ovary Theca Lutein Cysts T
Page 1068 and 1069:
Enlarged Uterus Leiomyoma Adenomyos
Page 1070 and 1071:
Abnormal Endometrium ○ Multiple e
Page 1072 and 1073:
Abnormal Endometrium Pregnancy and
Page 1074 and 1075:
Abnormal Endometrium Tamoxifen-Indu
Page 1076 and 1077:
INDEX A Abdominal aorta, 34, 40, 42
Page 1078 and 1079:
INDEX - myelolipoma vs., 590 - stag
Page 1080 and 1081:
INDEX Biliary cyst. See Choledochal
Page 1082 and 1083:
INDEX Caroli disease, 204-207 - bil
Page 1084 and 1085:
INDEX - solid renal mass vs., 968 -
Page 1086 and 1087:
INDEX diagnostic checklist, 839 dif
Page 1088 and 1089:
INDEX Efferent ductules, 130 Ejacul
Page 1090 and 1091:
INDEX Focal myometrial contraction
Page 1092 and 1093:
INDEX - hydrocele vs., 715 - sperma
Page 1094 and 1095:
INDEX Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC
Page 1096 and 1097:
INDEX Inflammatory pseudotumor, sol
Page 1098 and 1099:
INDEX - focal extratesticular mass
Page 1100 and 1101:
INDEX irregular hepatic surface vs.
Page 1102 and 1103:
INDEX Normal postpartum, enlarged u
Page 1104 and 1105:
INDEX Pararenal fat, posterior, 64
Page 1106 and 1107:
INDEX - inflammatory, gallbladder c
Page 1108 and 1109:
INDEX Pyelogenic cyst - dilated ren
Page 1110 and 1111:
INDEX Renal infection - renal lymph
Page 1112 and 1113:
INDEX - macrocystic variant, mucino
Page 1114 and 1115:
INDEX - right, 92 lesser sac, 93 Su
Page 1116 and 1117:
INDEX Tunica albuginea cyst - calci
Page 1118:
INDEX X Xanthogranulomatous cholecy
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Diagnostic Ultrasound - Abdomen and Pelvis

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