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64<br />
The star is referred to as “him”, which is a statement to the fact that “star” is a symbol. We know this represents<br />
a “fallen angel”, since it had already fallen. There is tremendous disagreement among Bible scholars whether this<br />
star refers to an angel or Satan. There is also the question of whom or what is in the abyss - angels or demons?<br />
Tartarus is only known in Hellenistic Jewish literature from the Greek text of Enoch, dated to 400–200 BC. This states that<br />
God placed the archangel Uriel "in charge of the world and of Tartarus" (Enoch 20:2). Tartarus is generally understood to be the<br />
place where 200 fallen Watchers (angels) are imprisoned. 93<br />
In the New Testament the noun Tartarus does not occur but tartaroo (“throw to Tartarus”) a shortened form of the<br />
classical Greek verb kata-tartaroo (“throw down to Tartarus”) does appear in 2 Peter 2:4.<br />
2 Peter 2:4 “For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed<br />
them to pits of darkness, reserved for judgment;” 94 The Greek word translated as “hell”: tartaroō; from<br />
Tartaros (a Gr. name for the abode of the damned). 95<br />
Other Biblical commentaries, in reconciling that some fallen angels are chained in Tartarus, have attempted to<br />
distinguish between one type of fallen angel and another type of angel. Angels are different than demons, who<br />
are only spirits. Revelation 18:2 describes “Babylon the Great” as the dwelling place of demons. While fallen angels<br />
are immortal beings who must be chained with “eternal bonds” into the abyss since they are not just spirits.<br />
"If so, we have a problem: Satan and his angels are not locked up in Tartarus! Satan and his angels were alive and active in the time<br />
of Christ, and still are today! Yet Peter specifically (2 Peter 2:4) states that at least one group of angelic beings have literally been cast<br />
down to Tartarus and bound in chains until the Last Judgment. So if Satan and his angels are not currently bound in Tartarus—<br />
who is? The answer goes back to the angels who interbred with humans. 96<br />
Genesis 6:4-5 “The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God<br />
came in to the daughters of men, and they bore children to them. Those were the mighty men who were<br />
of old, men of renown. Then the LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great on the earth, and that<br />
every intent of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.” 97<br />
The sons of God are angelic “Watchers”, a type of angel. They interbred with the daughters of men and produced<br />
the “giants of old”, “men of renown” or “mighty men.” The giants or Nephilim were mortal beings and have died<br />
because they were born from mortal women. These dead giants became the demons or evil spirits that can roam<br />
the earth. There is a complete description of evil spirits and angels in both the books of Enoch and Jubilees.<br />
Enoch 15 “And now, the giants, who are produced from the spirits and flesh, shall be called evil spirits<br />
upon the earth, and on the earth shall be their dwelling. Evil spirits have proceeded from their bodies;<br />
because they are born from men and from the holy Watchers is their beginning and primal origin; they<br />
shall be evil spirits on earth, and evil spirits shall they be called.”<br />
92 Jamieson, R., Fausset, A. R., Fausset, A. R., Brown, D., & Brown, D. (1997). A commentary, critical and explanatory, on the Old and<br />
New Testaments (Re 9:1). Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc.<br />
93 Kelley Coblentz Bautch A Study of the Geography of 1 Enoch 17–19: "no One Has Seen what I Have Seen" p134<br />
94 New American Standard Bible : 1995 update. 1995 (2 Pe 2:4). LaHabra, CA: The Lockman Foundation.<br />
95 Thomas, R. L. (1998). New American Standard Hebrew-Aramaic and Greek dictionaries : Updated edition. Anaheim: Foundation<br />
Publications, Inc.<br />
96 Vince Garcia The Resurrection Life Study Bible 2007 p412<br />
97 New American Standard Bible : 1995 update. 1995 (Ge 6:4–5). LaHabra, CA: The Lockman Foundation.