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FLEAS, LICE & BUGS SWARMED EUROPE Unsanitary conditions, diseases and starvation personify medieval Europe street on the heads of carefree passers-by. Stagnated slops made stinking pools; and a great number of town pigs crowned the whole picture. People emptied chamber pots right out of their windows making streets look like cesspools. Bathrooms were the rarest luxury. Fleas, lice and bugs swarmed in rich and poor houses of London and Paris. Unsanitary conditions, diseases and leprosy and syphilis starvation personify disfigured people medieval Europe as it faces. was. Even the noble There were not any class could not afford cleaning agents or the to eat their fill. Noble notion of personal families were happy if hygiene in Europe up at best two or three of to the middle of the ten children survived. 19th century. One Delivery was quite an Italian nobleman said undertaking for in his memoirs that in women: a third part of the 16th century it was them died in labor. impossible to walk Street illumination also along the streets that was poor oil lamps, resembled a fetid splinters or wax stream of turbid water. candles at best. He had to hold a Hunger, smallpox, scented handkerchief - - - or a small bouquet to his nose not to vomit. But not only faeces poisoned the air. Butchers slaughtered and disembowel cattle right in the streets. They would scatter guts around and pour blood out onto the pavement. In late Middle Ages people learned to process wastes and feces. Urine, for example, was used to tan leather and bleach cloth, animals bones to produce flour. In days sanitary function, rain of old painters placed was considered a barrels for urine near providential the farms, they used it punishment. Rains to knead paints. In washed dirt out of all Ancient Rome they cracks, and raging sold even the urine sewage streams from latrines to wool rushed through the dyers and leather streets. Just like this tanners. What could there appeared a small not be processed was river Merderon in left in the street. France (from French Rain was the only merde ? shit). street cleaner in those If there were stinking in narrow side streets revolution aqueducts times. And still, funds in the country, in and yards. Only after and gutters appeared; notwithstanding its cities people defecated the hydraulic they provided houses
with water and removed the sewage. People were not cleaner than the streets where they lived. Water baths warm the body, but weaken the organism and widen pores. That's why they can be dangerous and cause different diseases, even death, a medical treaty of the 16th century runs. Medieval doctors thought that infectious air could penetrate through the cleaned pores. Owing to this cause all social bathhouses were abolished. In 15-16th centuries rich citizens had a bath at least twice a year, in the 17-18th centuries they decidedly stopped to wash themselves. The French king Louis XIV had a bath only twice in his life on doctors advice. But the procedure shocked the sovereign so, that he made a vow not to do it anymore. All hygienic arrangements included only hands and mouth rinsing, but not the whole face. By no means you should wash your face, ? wrote medics in the 16th century, ? as it can cause catarrh or weaken the eyesight. As for women, they had a bath only two or three times a year. The majority of aristocrats used scented rags to rub the body. It was recommended to moisten armpits and groin with rose water. Men wore small bags with fragrant herbs between the shirt and waistcoat. Women used only fragrant powder. Medieval neat persons often changed their clothes. They considered that it absorbs all dirt and cleans the body. But our ancestors were rather selective on this issue. Clean starched shirt for every day was a privilege for rich people only. That is why white crimped collars and cuffs that were the evidence of wealth and cleanliness of their owners became fashionable. Poor men neither washed nor changed their clothing. Most of them had only one shirt. No wonder clothes were extremely expensive. The cheapest canvas shirt and one milk cow, for example, had the same price. Source: Pravda.Ru URL: http://english.pravda.ru/science/earth/103574-stench-0 Translated by Ksenia Sedyakina / Pravda.ru
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