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Source-to-Sea Practitioners Guide

The source-to-sea approach directly addresses the linkages between land, water, delta, estuary, coast, nearshore and ocean ecosystems in support of holistic natural resources management and economic development.

The source-to-sea approach directly addresses the linkages between land, water, delta, estuary, coast, nearshore and ocean ecosystems in support of holistic natural resources management and economic development.

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Annex<br />

Governance approach<br />

LAND RESOURCES PLANNING (LRP) | the systematic<br />

assessment of land potential and alternatives for<br />

optimal land use and improved economic and social<br />

conditions through participa<strong>to</strong>ry processes engaging<br />

multiple sec<strong>to</strong>rs, multi-stakeholders and a scaledependent<br />

process.<br />

Applicable source-<strong>to</strong>-sea segments<br />

Land resources and terrestrial segments,<br />

deltas<br />

INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT<br />

(IWRM) | coordination of development and management<br />

of water, land and other resources for maximizing<br />

of economic results and social welfare with no<br />

compromise on the environment.<br />

Land resources and terrestrial systems<br />

(river basins), freshwater systems,<br />

estuaries/deltas<br />

ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS MANAGEMENT |<br />

provides the water flows needed <strong>to</strong> sustain freshwater<br />

and estuarine ecosystems in coexistence with<br />

agriculture, industry and cities.<br />

Freshwater systems, estuaries/deltas<br />

INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT (ICM) |<br />

ICM evolved from the practical need <strong>to</strong> plan and<br />

manage the various economic activities that occur in<br />

coastal areas, regulate human behaviour, coordinate<br />

policy and management interventions, and integrate<br />

the use of coastal waters in<strong>to</strong> land use planning.<br />

Land resources and terrestrial systems<br />

(coastal, including urban), estuaries/deltas,<br />

coast and nearshore waters<br />

INTEGRATED COASTAL AREA AND RIVER BASIN<br />

MANAGEMENT (ICARM) | ICARM is not a new management<br />

approach, but rather links the management<br />

approaches for coasts and rivers.<br />

Land resources and terrestrial systems<br />

(river basins), freshwater systems,<br />

estuaries/deltas, coast and nearshore<br />

waters<br />

ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES<br />

MANAGEMENT (EAFM) | strives <strong>to</strong> balance diverse<br />

societal objectives, by taking in<strong>to</strong> account the knowledge<br />

and uncertainties about biotic, abiotic and<br />

human components of ecosystems and their interactions<br />

and applying an integrated approach <strong>to</strong> fisheries<br />

within ecologically meaningful boundaries.<br />

Freshwater systems, estuaries/deltas,<br />

coast and nearshore waters, adjoining sea<br />

and continental shelf, open ocean<br />

A guide for practitioners | 61

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