EasyCroatian_r47.an

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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusave Case 30 / 600The accusative ending is not added to pas, but to a slightly shorter form (ps). We cancall that form the ‘case-base’ and list it after such nouns, in parentheses:nominative‘case-base’magarac (magarc-) donkeypas (ps-) dogvrabac (vrapc-) sparrowThe case-base form has usually just the last syllable shortened, but sometimesthere’s a consonant alternation as well. (This form is also called oblique stem, or juststem; I’ve invented a simple name for it.)A few nouns have two possible forms of their case-base. However, the difference isonly in spelling, as in sequences -dc- and -tc-, only -c-; is pronounced. Common onesare:sudac (sudc- / suc-) judgesvetac (svetc- / svec-) saint ®A few male names that end in either -o or -e behave as if they end in a consonantand have a specific case-base, usually just without the last vowel (j is added if theword ends in -io):Darko (Dark-)Hrvoje (Hrvoj-)Marko (Mark-)Dario (Darij-)Mario (Marij-)Silvio (Silvij-)For example:Ana čeka Marka. Ana is waiting for Marko.Josip ne poznaje Hrvoja. Josip doesn’t know Hrvoje.poznavatiThe j is sometimes carried even to the nominative (that is, dictionary) form:according to the official statistics, there are 32708 Mario’s and 4066 Marijo’s inCroatia.Finally, there are common male names that change as if they end in -a. They end in -e or -o, but that’s just in the nominative case. All other forms are like for nouns in -a.Such names are historically nicknames. For example, Ante is a nickname for Antun(corresponding to English Anthony), but it’s used as an official name as well (thereare 35457 Ante’s in Croatia).Two more names that behave like that are Ivo and Kruno. For a more exhaustivelist, check L1 Common Names.To mark such strange names, I’ll use (A -u) as a reminder that they change like anyother nouns in -a, i.e. get an -u in the accusative case. For example:
Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusave Case 31 / 600Čekam Antu. I’m waiting for Ante.Ne poznajem Krunu. I don’t know Kruno. ®Now you know how to make accusative case of almost all nouns! We cansummarize the rules we have learned in a table:noun type (N)A (object)nouns in -a -a → -unouns in -o or -e no changenouns in a consonant(not people or animals)no changenouns in a consonant(people or animals)add -apoznavati(These rules are not completely precise, but will work for almost all nouns; I will giveyou the exact rules a bit later.)Finally, let me explain how you can ask about objects. Start questions with thefollowing question words:kog(a) who (as an object)što whatFor example, you can ask what Ana is watching, or who Goran is waiting for. There’sa very important point: the answers must be again in the accusative case, as they arestill considered objects:Što Ana gleda? What is Ana watching?— Film. A movie. (A!)— Konja. A horse. (A!)Što Ivan pije? What is Ivan drinking?piti— Kavu. Coffee. (A!)Koga Goran čeka? Who is Goran waiting for?— Anu. Ana. (A!)Again, you’ll often hear and read the colloquial word šta ® instead of što. I’ll explaindetails of who and what questions later, in 28 Asking Who and What.You can, of course, answer with just:— Ne znam. I don’t know.The verb znati know is one of a very few verbs which shift their stress to ne¨ even inthe ‘western’ scheme, since its pres-3 has only one syllable (zna). I’ve indicated itwith an underline under ne¨. (People feel it’s pronounced differently than other ne¨+ verb combinations, so you’ll see sometimes non-standard spellings as one wordi.e. neznam.)
Page 1 and 2: Easy Croatian© Daniel N. 2009-2019
Page 3 and 4: ContentsIntroduction 601 Alphabet a
Page 5 and 6: 84 Western Urban Speech 46785 Small
Page 7 and 8: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Introducon
Page 9 and 10: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 01 Alphabe
Page 15 and 16: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
Page 17 and 18: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 02 Simples
Page 19 and 20: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 03 Objects
Page 25 and 26: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
Page 27 and 28: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 04 No, Oen
Page 29: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
Page 33 and 34: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 05 Accusav
Page 35 and 36: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 06 Desnaon
Page 41 and 42: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 07 Verbs w
Page 49 and 50: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
Page 51 and 52: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 08 Weather
Page 53 and 54: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
Page 55 and 56: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 09 Numbers
Page 57 and 58: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 10 Gender
Page 65 and 66: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 11 Colors,
Page 71 and 72: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 12 Simple
Page 77 and 78: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
Page 79 and 80: Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 13 She Lov
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 14 My and
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 15 Locaons
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 16 Giving
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 17 Adjecve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 18 This an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 19 Your, A
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 20 At My F
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 21 Origins
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 22 Here I
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 23 I’m C
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 24 Past Te
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 25 Plural
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 26 Yes or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 27 Body 15
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 28 Asking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 30 Three B
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 31 First,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 32 Love an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 33 School
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 34 Stresse
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 35 Tools a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 36 Dave/Lo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 37 Complet
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 38 Needs,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 39 Would,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 40 Future
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 41 Somewhe
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 42 Come In
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 43 And, Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 44 Genive
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 45 Quanes
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 46 More th
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 47 Of Flow
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 48 Wholes,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 49 For 7 H
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 50 Because
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 51 For Day
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 52 Stand,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 54 When, W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 55 More Pr
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 56 Desires
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 57 Whose,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 58 Colloqu
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 59 Knowing
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 60 More Us
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 61 Cake is
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 62 The Fri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 63 Bigger
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 64 The Doo
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 65 Carry,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 66 Smoking
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 67 Only, E
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 68 Three M
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 69 Memorie
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 70 If I We
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 71 Suggeso
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 72 Address
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 73 Learnin
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 74 It Just
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 75 Friends
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 76 Inner,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 77 As If:
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 78 Dijete
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 79 You’r
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 80 Present
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 81 Sneeze
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 82 Visible
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 83 Depth a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 84 Western
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 85 Small a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 86 More Ve
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 87 Player,
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 88 Weird W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 89 Customs
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 90 Number-
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 91 Taboo W
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / 99 Aorist
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A1 Nouns a
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A3 Verbs 5
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A5 Word Or
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A7 Stress
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A8 Dialect
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / A9 Bosnian
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L1 Common
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L2 Countri
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / L3 Cies an
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Core Dicon
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Index 597
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Easy Croaan (rev. 47b) / Keys to Ex
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