English for Business Life Elementary

M

Contents

Introduction 4

UNIT 1 About you 5

UNIT 2 About your job 7

UNIT 3 About where you work 9

UNIT 4 Your business activities 12

UNIT 5 The location of your company 15

UNIT 6 The layout of your company 18

UNIT 7 Meeting and welcoming 21

UNIT 8 The first two minutes 24

UNIT 9 Partings and thanks 26

UNIT 10 Setting up a meeting 28

UNIT 11 Confirming arrangements 31

UNIT 12 Changing plans 34

UNIT 13 Dealing with the unexpected 37

UNIT 14 Explaining and apologising 40

UNIT 15 Making contact by phone 42

UNIT 16 Dealing with incoming calls 44

UNIT 17 Leaving and taking messages 46

UNIT 18 Email and telephone problems 49

UNIT 19 Drinks and snacks 52

UNIT 20 Eating out 55

UNIT 21 Outings and sightseeing 57

UNIT 22 Starting a journey 59

UNIT 23 Travelling 62

UNIT 24 Arriving and meeting contacts 64

UNIT 25 Gifts and saying thank you 67

UNIT 26 Checking facilities and information 70

UNIT 27 Shopping 73

UNIT 28 Your colleagues 75

UNIT 29 Your office building 77

UNIT 30 How things work 79

UNIT 31 Requesting information 81

UNIT 32 Staying in a hotel 84

UNIT 33 Booking conference facilities 86

UNIT 34 Organising a trip 88

UNIT 35 Hiring a car 91

UNIT 36 Returning home 93

General note on contractions

96

General note on capital letters in

business titles 96

Reference section 97

Glossary of business-related terms 118

Answers 121

Audioscripts 135

Contents 3

Introduction

This Self-study guide is part of the English for Business

Life business English course. It follows the English for

Business Life syllabus and language programme. Each

level of the English for Business Life course has a

Self-study guide - this is the elementary level.

This Self-study guide can be used:

• as a stand alone self-study course

• in class to supplement English for Business Life

course work

• for homework

• as a key component of the 'comprehensive' study

track (the English for Business Life course has three

study tracks: fast, standard and comprehensive)

• as practice material for learners who are following

general English courses and need practice in

everyday business English.

Each unit begins with a recorded summary of useful

phrases and includes:

• clear study notes

• realistic practice exercises.

At the back of the Guide are:

• an easy-to-follow language Reference Section

• a Glossary of key business-related terms

• clear answers and audio text to support the practice

exercises.

The recorded material is available on a CD which is

included with the book. The recordings include

standard accents and examples of people from different

parts of the world speaking English. The common

contracted forms used in real business communication

(I'm, isn't, won't, etc.) are demonstrated in the

exercises. For details of the main contractions in this

Guide, see the note on page 96.

Recommended study procedure

• Listen to the Useful Phrases as often as possible and

repeat where appropriate.

• Work through the Study Notes and refer to the

Reference Section as indicated.

• Note down words and phrases that are particularly

useful to you.

• Use a good dictionary to check the meanings of

unfamiliar words.

• Work through the exercises and then check the

answers at the back of the book.

Some study tips

• Approach language learning with the same level of

commitment that you would any other project in

your work. It can be useful to prepare a 'contract'

with yourself in which you agree to do a certain

am ount of work on your English per day/week/

month.

• In our view, 'little and often' is more effective than

occasional long study sessions. W hen you travel,

take your Self-study guide with you. You can work

with it at times that suit you - for example, when

you are in your car, at home or on a plane. Journeys

can provide a great opportunity for uninterrupted

practice.

• Use new language and phrases whenever possible.

Live practice is the best way to learn new terms.

• Keep a paper/electronic study file in which you note

down the language most relevant to your everyday

needs.

• Relate the language presented and practised to your

particular area of business. If there are terms you

need which are not included in the material, do

some research on the Internet, and consult Englishspeaking

colleagues, friends and teachers.

• Make use of the English-speaking media - in

particular, facilities on the Internet. Listen to the

radio and TV. Read professional journals and

newspapers. Subscribe to an English magazine

which interests you from a work or leisure point of

view'.

4 Introduction

UNIT 1

About you

Some useful phrases

Listen to the recording and repeat

Hello, are you Tom Young?

Yes, I am. No, I am (I'm) not.

Good morning, my name is Mary Segal.

Good morning. Good afternoon.

Good evening, Mrs Segal.

I work for MAT.

I work in the finance department.

Finance Sales IT

What do you do?

I'm an accountant.

an accountant

a sales rep

an engineer

a designer

what is (What's) your first name?

What's your number?

It is (It's) 020259366

first name family name

home number work number

mobile number

Where are you from?

I'm from MAT in Hamburg.

Here is my card.

It's nice to meet you.

Pleased to meet you.

Study notes

H ello

We often use hi instead of hello in informal situations.

... are you Tom Young?

See Reference Section 11.1 for subject pronouns (I, you etc.)

Listen to these pronouns and repeat.

Singular I You He She It

Plural We You They

Are you ...? Yes, I am.

See Reference Section 1.1 for details of the verb to be.

My nam e is ...

Notice these alternatives:

first name given name Christian name

family name last name surname

Good m orning, Mrs Segal.

Listen to these titles and repeat:

Mr Mrs Miss Ms

IT

IT = information technology

I'm an accountant.

a becomes an before a vowel (a e i o u).

... an accountant ... an engineer

... a sales rep ... a designer

We use a!an before occupations. See also Reference Section 9.1.

rep

rep = representative

What's your num ber?

Listen to these numbers and repeat:

0 (oh/zero) 1 {one) 2 (two) 3 {three) 4 {four)

5 (five) 6 (six) 7 (seven) 8 (eight) 9 (nine)

About you 5

Practice

Telephone numbers

1 Listen and complete these phone numbers.

CJL a 73...?..... Q... 46...?,.. 100

b 2 ......... . 8 ...... 39

c ............1 ... ....62 ....

d ...6 1 ....

e 0 6 ...... ....... 52

f 628 3 ... ...... 2

Dialogues

00

4^

2 Listen to the dialogues and fill in the gaps.

D ialogue 1

- a ..fcX&IAS£..!*£...........................................................

are you Eddie Yung from BIT?

- b ..................................................................................

- c ..................................................................................

- d .....................................................................................................................................................................

My name's Kurt Jarvis. I'm from Key Trading

in Hong Kong.

e ..................................................................................?

D ialogue 2

- Hi, I'm Tina Awola.

- f ........................................................................ Tina.

I work for the International Credit Bank, in

Lagos.

h .............................................................................

- i .............................................................................

Here's my card. What do you do at the

International Credit Bank?

- j ............................................................................

I'm a lawyer.

Vocabulary, a/an

3 Fill in the gaps using each of the words in the

box once.

accountant / German Japanese

Italian good sales manager

international

manufacturing

e.g. Is she an . . & ■ & ?

a I work for a .............................company.

b It's a .................... ........job.

c Is it a n ................ ............name?

d It isn't a n ............ ................ company.

e Are you a ...........

f We're a ............... ..............company.

g I think it's a ....... .....................number.

Simple exchanges

4 Read the text, then complete the exchanges.

Terry Maynard: 'My name's Terry Maynard. I

work for Fox Construction, Glasgow. I'm in the IT

department. I'm an IT manager. My work num ber is

765 67 100.'

Lucy Gomme: 'I'm Lucy Gomme from Spar

Engineering, Chicago. I'm an electrical engineer. I

work in the m aintenance department. My num ber

is 34 67 22.'

e.g. You: Is Terry Maynard an accountant?

LG: ke- j.SW.’t .r . . B . ^ r ..........

a You: .............................................................................

TM: No, she isn't. She's from Spar Engineering,

Chicago.

b You: Is your num ber 34 67 22?

LG: ..............................................................................

c You: .............................................................................

TM: No, it isn't. It's in Glasgow.

d You: Is Ms Gomme's first name Mary?

TM: .............................................................................

e You: .............................................................................

TM: No, I'm not. I'm in the IT department.

f

You: Is Ms Gomme an electrical engineer?

TM: .............................................................................

g You: Are you from Fox Construction, Glasgow?

LG: ..............................................................................

6 UNIT 1

UNIT 2

About your job

Some useful phrases


What do you do?

I work for an insurance company called Sarf.

an insurance company

a glass manufacturer

How do you spell Sarf?

How do you spell that?

S-A-R-F.

I am (I'm) on the sales side.

I work in the sales department.

a bank

a law firm

department division section

I work in Sales.

I work in the European Sales Team.

I'm (the) assistant manager.

assistant

deputy

I'm (the) deputy sales director.

Do you like your work?

Yes, I do. No, I do not (don't).

Yes, I like it very much.

Study notes

What do you do? / 1 w ork for ...

These are examples of the Simple Present tense.

See also Reference Section 2.1.

H ow do you spell Sarf?

Listen to the alphabet and repeat:

a b c d e f g h

j k 1 m n o p q r

s t u v w x y z

Note the US and UI< pronunciation of z.

UI< = zed; US = zee

I w ork in Sales.

You can say: I work in Sales

or I work in the sales department.

See Reference Section 9.2 for uses of the.

See also the notes on capital letters in business titles on page 96.

I'm th e assistant manager.

You can say, e.g.: I am the assistant manager

or I am assistant manager.

I am the IT manager

or I am IT Manager.


See also the notes on capital letters in business titles on page 96.

Yes, I like it very m uch.

Notice these object pronouns:

Singular Plural

me us

you you

him they

her they

it

they


About your job 7

Practice

Listening for key information

1 Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps using the

words in the box.

assistant Benedict Claude departm ent

law firm manager M onaco Saffer Security

N am e Com pany City Position

a Cld'ttde-

Dumas

Mila

e ..............

Rhodes

Associates

(b ..............)

f ................

(insurance

company)

c ................

Object pronouns: me, him, etc.

2 Fill in the gaps using object pronouns,

e.g. I lik e.... !.T.......(my job) very much.

a

Accounts

d ..............

Ottawa g ..............

head of

the legal

h .............

Do you k n o w ................. (Mrs Levison, the

Assistant Manager)?

b You know your Chairman, but does he know

?

c

d

She likes................... (her colleagues) very much.

I don't k n o w ..................(the Finance Director,

Mr Boyce) very well.

e We don't know the new manager, and he doesn't

k n o w .....................

f

Does she lik e.................. (your ideas)?

g I know her, but she doesn't k n o w .....................

Use o f the a n d -

3 Fill in the gaps with the or - .

a I am o n ..... ...............sales side.

b They work i n .....................Purchasing.

c

She is .....................deputy sales director.

d Do you work i n ....................service department?

e Who is .....................finance director?

f

Ivo and Maria work i n .....................European

sales team.

g My boss is head o f.....................IT division.

h They work fo r.....................insurance company

o n .....................second floor.

Spelling

4 Practise spelling the following,

a Your first name.

b Your family name,

c The name of your town/city,

d The name of your company.

Identifying yourself

5 Read this statement, then write a statem ent about

yourself.

‘My name is Paulo Chitolina. I w o rk fo r an insurance

company called Etaak. It’s a Brazilian company. I w o rk in Sao

Paulo. I'm an electrical engineer I w o rk on the maintenance

side. I'm Assistant Manager

8 UNIT 2

UNIT 3

About where you work

Some useful phrases


Where do you work?

I work in an office in the centre of town,

office factory warehouse building

What is (What's) the address?

97 Geneva Road.

Road Street Avenue Drive

it is (It's) near the station.

It's not far from the airport.

There are some good restaurants nearby.

restaurants cafes bars shops

There are not (aren't) any shops.

Do you have a cafeteria?

Do you have a car park?

We have an excellent cafeteria.

There is (There's) a car park in the basement.

My office is on the first floor,

first second third

We must meet for lunch.

Good idea.

Study notes

What is th e address?

97 Geneva Road.

Road has a capital letter R when it is used in a name.

Notice these abbreviations:

Road - Rd. Street - St. Avenue = Av.

Drive = Dr. Square = Sq. Place = PL

97 Geneva Road

See Reference Section 20.1 for cardinal numbers: one, two,

three etc.

There are som e good restaurants nearby.

There aren't any shops.

See Reference Sections 1.2 for there is! are, and 13.1 for some I any.

Note that some nouns are 'countable' - we can count them:

a shop, two shops, some shops.

Some nouns are 'uncountable' - we measure them: some milk

(not a milk), a litre of milk, two litres of milk (not some milks).

Do you have a cafeteria?

We have an excellen t cafeteria.

See Reference Section 1.3 for examples of the Present Tense of the

verb to have.

... in th e basem ent.

Notice the prepositions on the first I second floor and on the ground

floor. But in the basement.

UK English, ground floor = US English, first floor.

... on th e first floor.

See Reference Section 20.2 for ordinal numbers: first, second,

third, etc.

About where you work 9

Practice

Saying what you do and where you work

1 Listen to the speaker and answer the questions,

a Where does she work?

b What's the address?

c Which floor is her office on?

d Do they have any warehouses?

e Are there any cafes in Morton Street?

Cardinal numbers

2 Listen to these numbers and fill the blanks.

1 one 20 twenty

2 two 21 tw'enty-one

3 three 22

4 four 23 twenty-three

5 . i 'm ....... 24 twenty-four

6 six 25

7 seven 26 twenty-six

8 eight 27 twenty-seven

9 nine 28 twenty-eight

10 ten 29 twenty-nine

11 30

12 twelve 40 forty

13 thirteen 50 fifty

14 fourteen 60 sixty

15 fifteen 70

16 80 eighty

17 seventeen 90 ninety

18 eighteen 100 a hundred

19 nineteen

Ordinal numbers

Listen to these (ordinal) numbers and write the

form of the abbreviations in full.

First

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5 th

The verb to have

6th

7th

8th

9th

10th

4 Write the correct form of to have in the gaps.

e.g. (y o u )....P? . ... a canteen?

Yes, we do - it's on the seventh floor.

a The building.................................ten floors.

No, it doesn't, i t .........................................nine.

b Where do you make your products?

W e.................................a factory near Naples.

c

(your h o tel)....................................a car park?

No, it doesn't.

d (they).................................a warehouse near the

airport?

Yes, they do.

e The factory................................... any cafes or

restaurants nearby.

Yes, I know, but i t .................................. a good

canteen.

10 UNIT 3

Dialogue

5 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using words from the

box.

address any basement fo r have in

in near on some where

A: We must m eet a ........................................lunch.

B: Good idea.

A: b ......................do you work?

B: I work c ......................an office d .......................

the station.

A: Are there e .........................restaurants nearby?

B: No, there aren't, but there are f ......................

good restaurants g ......................Start Street. And

we h ......................an excellent canteen.

A: What's the i ......................?

B: 69 Axel Road. My office is j ......................the

sixth floor.

A: Do you have a car park?

B: Yes, its in the k ........................

there is/are; some/any

6 Complete the examples using there is I are

and/or some!any.

e.g. - Is there

fruit juice?

- No, b u t...................................... mineral water.

a - Are th e re ......................shops near your office?

- Yes,........................

b - Do you have a car park?

- No, b u t........a car park near the

station.

c - Do you h a v e......................shops in the

building?

- Yes,..........................on the ground floor.

d - Is th e re ......................milk?

- Yes, it's in the fridge.

e

f

g

- .....................cafes or restaurants nearby

- Yes, that's true, b u t......................in Henry

Square.

- .....................a translation unit in the

building?

- Yes,........................ one in the basement.

- .....................good bars near here?

- N o ,........................

- ......................in Oslo Street?

- No, b u t......................in Oslo Place.

About where you work 11

UNIT 4

Your business activities

Some useful phrases


What does your company do?

We make parts for computers.

We are (We're) in the IT industry,

make parts export shoes

import cars sell insurance

We're in the insurance business.

What are you working on at the moment?

We're working on a new product.

We're developing a new management

information system.

We're building a factory in Thailand.

We're opening an office in Russia.

How is (How's) business?

Is business going well?

Yes, it is. No, it is not (isn't).

We're making a lot of money.

Where are your main markets?

We do a lot of business in Western Europe.

We do not (don't) do much business in the

Far East.

We do 90% of our business in South America.

Do you do much business in Eastern Europe?

Yes, quite a lot. No, not much.

Study notes

m ake parts/do a lo t of business

Make means to create or construct.

We make parts for computers.

Do is used to talk about activities, especially work:

We do a lot of business in Western Europe.

Note the expressions to make money and we are making a lot of money.

See also Reference Section 18.1 for uses of make and do.

What are you w orking on at th e m om ent?

We are develop ing a n ew ... system .

Compare the Present Continuous tense and the Simple

Present tense.

What does your company do? (Simple)

What are you working on at the moment? (Continuous)

See Reference Section 2.2 for the Present Continuous tense.

We are m aking a lot of m oney.

We don't do m uch business in ...

Notice these examples a lot of/lots of much and many.

Affirm ative: We are making a lot of/lots of money.

They export a lot of/lots of shoes.

N egative: We aren't making much money.

They don't export many shoes.

Interrogative: Are you making much money?

Yes, (quite) a lot. / Yes, a lot. / No, not much.

Do they export many shoes?

Yes, (quite) a lot. / Yes, a lot. / No, not many.


... W estern Europe.

... South America.

See Reference Section 20.13 for parts of the world.

90% of our business

90% = ninety per cent

75% = seventy-five per cent

12 UNIT 4

Practice

Dialogue

1 Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps.

A: What a .doer . S . d o ........................ ?

B: We're b ........................................................................

We c ............................................programmes from

the States and Japan.

A: W here d ..................................................................... ?

B: About e .......................................................................

our business is f .......................................................

A: Do you do g ...............................................................?

B: No, h ............................................................................

A: How are things going i ............................................ ?

B: Very well. We're selling a new programme for

managers in medium-sized companies, and

j ....................................................................................

The Present Continuous vs. the Simple Present

2 Choose the correct form of the verb.

. What do you do?

i I work for a company called Nix.

ii I am working for a company called Nix.

What does your company do?

i We make spare parts.

ii We are making spare parts.

How is business?

0

□

□

e

f

g

Questions

i Not good. We don't make any money. □ iii

ii Not good. We aren't making any money. □ iv

i How do you spell your name? □ V

ii How are you spelling your name? □

i We build a new factory in South Africa.

ii We are building a new factory in

South Africa.

□

□

i We have an excellent production

manager.

ii We are having an excellent production

manager.

i Business goes very well,

ii Business is going very well.

i I like my work very much.

ii I am liking my work very much.

3 Match the questions with the responses.

Who do you work for?

What business are you in?

Where's your office?

Where are your main markets?

How many people are there in your

department?

Do you have any factories in

Eastern Europe?

g How much business do you do in the

Far East?

h What are you working on at the moment?

i How's business?

i

ii

vi

vii

viii

ix

We do 90 per cent of our business in

North America.

Yes, we have one in Hungary and one

in Poland.

information system.

□

□

□

m

□

□

n

□

Your business activities 13

Writing about your company

4 Read this statement, then write a statement about

your company (or one you know).

‘Prada SA make satellite dishes.Their head office is in Paris,

but th e ir main factories are in IndiaThey are building a new

factory near Bombay at the m om ent.They are developing a

new "mini-dish".’

a lot of/much/many; make/do

5 Complete these sentences with:

- a lot of, a lot, much, many

- the correct form of make or do

e.g. - Are y o u ..... ...................... any profit?

- No, not v e ry ..........*V./W£rl'V..........

Parts o f the world; percentages

6 Write sentences about your company, using the

table as a guide.

e g

We; d?. fo-hp.yt.. 3 5 7 ° . .P'W blASjw&SS

. ..i.'H jrWe- F ftr.frx sf...........................................

We do about ten of our Western

per cent business in Europe.

(10%)

We import fifty per of our the Far

about cent materials East.

(50%) from

We export ninety of our South

about per cent products to America.

(90%)

a - W hat does your com pany............................ ?

- We sell shoes.

b W e.......................... ................................work for

Microsoft.

c - H ow ................... ........ sales reps do they have?

- N o t.....................

d W e.......................... .. parts for the car industry.

e We h a v e................ ...........customers in France.

f - Are th e re ............................hotels near you?

- Yes, q u ite ................................

g We d o n 't................

business in Central America.

h We a re n 't..............

money.

i - What are y o u ... ?

- I 'm ...................... ..... a telephone call.

j - H ow ................... ........time do you need?

- N o t.....................

k I like my job very ..

I I 'm ..........................

like some?

coffee - would you

14 UNIT 4

UNIT 5

j p j

The location of your company

Some useful phrases


Where are your company's main offices?

Our head office is in Singapore.

Our engineers' offices are ...

... two kilometres away.

... five kilometres west of the city.

... ten kilometres to the south.

north south east west

Do you have any distributors in Korea?

We have one in the south-west of the country.

south-west

north-west

Where are your production plants?

They are (They're) not far from Seoul.

Where are they exactly?

They're in Inchon.

It is (It's) a big city.

south-east

north-east

It's a small village.

city town village place

Is it far from Pusan?

It's about 300 kilometres away.

It's about 300 kilometres from Pusan.

Study notes

... your com pany's m ain ...

Our engineers' o ffic e s...

Notice these examples of possessive nouns.


... m ain offices

Notice these regular plurals:

office —* offices

kilometre —* kilometres

distributor —►distributors

See also Reference Section 10.1 for common exceptions.

Our head office ...

Listen to these possessive adjectives.

Singular: my your his her its

Plural: our your their


...in th e sou th -w est of the country.

Notice these prepositions:

It is south of the city.

It is in the south of the county.

See also Reference Section 20.12 for the points of the compass.

Is it far from Pusan?

Notice the propositions:

They are not far from Seoul.

It is about 300 kilometres away (from Pusan).

300 kilom etres

Numbers 100-1000

300 three hundred 900 nine hundred

360 three hundred and sixty 920 nine hundred and twenty

See Reference Section 20.1 for more examples.

The location of your company 15

Practice

Reading a map; compass points

1 Listen to the recording and mark the places listed in

Box 1 on the map. Then write sentences giving the

location of the places in Box 2.

Box I

Manchester D over Ipswich Brighton

Box 2

Plymouth C ardiff Birmingham York

Possessive adjectives and possessive nouns

2 Complete the sentences using the information

below.

Company

Non-Executive

Directors

Managing Director

Secretary

Sales Manager

Secretary

N am e

Tinto Inc

Ray Bunghi

Mai Nixon

Wallace Bright

Cathy Fongello

Anne Grundig

Maria Cobb

Num ber

6872 543

4002 356

3679 901

6871227

6871 730

6871 774

6871 395

e.g. .The [s. . is.. Tinto Inc.

a ........................................................ 6872 543.

b

........................................................ Wallace Bright.

c ........................................................ 6871 227.

d

e

........................................................ Ray Bunghi

and Mai Nixon.

....................................................... 4002 356 and

3679 901.

f ........................................................ 6871 395.

g

........................................................ Maria Cobb.

h ........................................................ Anne Grundig.

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps using the following words

and phrases.

about away exactly far from

main.-' place that to the north

A: Where's your a ....... !*$■.)1S....... production?

B: It's in a b ..........................called Denia.

A: Where's c ......................... ?

B: It's in Spain.

16 UNIT 5

A: But where d ..........................?

B: It's e ..........................a hundred kilometres to the

w'est of Valencia.

A: Is it f ..........................Madrid?

B: Yes, Madrid is about 400 kilometres

g .........................., to the north-west.

A: And how far is it from Marseilles?

B: Oh, Marseilles is about 900 kilometres

h ............................

Writing about your company

4 Read the statement below, then write about your

company (or one you know).

‘I w o rk fo r a company called DFG Electronics. It’s a small

company w ith its main offices in Bristol. Bristol is about 120

miles west o f London. O u r main sales office is in a place

called Slough, a to w n about 20 miles west o f London. A

hundred and th irty people w o rk fo r the company: ninety

men and fo rty woman.’

Numbers 100-1000; plural nouns

5 Re-write the information below using plural nouns

e.g. factory/730

&&&.............

f h .ir t ^ . ^c^tjrpr j&s........................................

a salesperson/350 ......................................................

b boss/126....................................................................

c branch/248 ..............................................................

d shelf/580 ...................................................................

e woman/870 ..............................................................

f man/121 ...................................................................

g radio/690 ..................................................................

h com pany/916...........................................................

i address/412 ..............................................................

The location of your company 17

UNIT 6

The layout of your company

Some useful phrases


Can you sign in please?

This is your visitor's pass.

The main building is that way.

This place is a warehouse.

The sales department is through those doors,

this that these those

Where is (Where's) the service centre?

It is (It's) over there,

it's behind the main biock.

It's next to the sales department.

The entrance is opposite the showroom.

How do I find it?

Go down here. Drive up there.

Walk along this road.

It's on the left,

road corridor

left right straight on

The toilet is that way.

It's upstairs.

upstairs downstairs

It's the second door on the right.

Study notes

This is your visitor's pass.

The to ilet is th at way.

This I these are used with people or things that are near to

the speaker:

This is my boss. It's up these stairs.

That!those are used with people or things that are not near to

the speaker:

That woman is an accountant. Production is in those buildings.


... through th ose doors.

Notice these prepositions of direction. See also Reference

Section 17.3.

to

down

- £ > □

through past

... behind th e m ain block.

Notice these prepositions of place. See also Reference Section 17.2.

B

in

□

on next to

opposite

between

in front of

.Ln R

on the left of

• 0

behind

Ln R.

on the right of

Go d o w n here.

Drive up there.

Here, go I drive are imperatives. You form the imperative from

the infinitive.

to go —►Go along here.

to drive —►Drive down here.

You form the negative with do not:

(Do not) Don 'tgo that way.

[Do not) Don't drive this car.

See also Reference Section 5.

18 UNIT 6

Practice

Identifying buildings

1 Listen to the recording and complete the key. The

speakers are at the main gate.

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps in this dialogue using the words in

the box.

along behind block entrance how

on main / place that your

1

A: That's the a .... .................production building

over there.

B: What's this b ..........................?

A: It's the testing area.

B: Where's c ..........................R&D section?

A: It's in the workshop and maintenance

d ...........................

B: Where's e ..........................?

A: It's f ......................... the admin building.

B: g ......................... do I find it?

A: Go h ......................... here, past the car park. It's

the second building i ..........................the left. The

j ......................... is opposite the main gate.

Giving directions

Demonstrative adjectives: this/that etc.

4 Complete the exchanges. You are at the Main gate.

Site plan

2 Write this, that, these or those in the gaps.

e.g. 'fh'fof..... building there is the conference centre.

a ......................... places on the left here are all

workshops.

b Is ................. path here the way to the m ain gate?

c Is the personnel section i n ............... offices here?

d The accounts departm ent is th ro u g h .....................

door over there.

e W hat's......................... place here?

f

......................... room over there is my office.

g The paint shop is th ro u g h ......................... doors

over there.

I Conference centre 6 Main production building

2 Testing area 7 W orkshops and Maintenance

3 Paint shop 8 W arehouse and Stores

4 Car park (G oods Inwards)

5 Main block 9 Main gate

The layout of your company 19

a Where's the conference centre?

i f [s oy... tk\£..

. WZXt. £<?. ,tk£.. t&shWfyM.zAb

...................................................................................

It's opposite the main gate.

AB

CC

TA

c .......................................................................................

It's next to the warehouse and stores building.

SP

PS

WM

d Where's the workshops and m aintenance block?

e Where's the car park?

W S

f

MG

It's behind the main block. —

g .......................................................................................

It's on the right, next to the testing area.

SR

CP

Prepositions o f direction

5 Complete the examples.

a ^ Drive . ..ffon?:the main gate.

b - —>~ W alk.......................here.

c | G o.............................................. this road.

d

| G o......................the end of the corridor.

e I G o.......................... the stairs - don't use

* the lift.

f

S

__,>• W alk.......................the lift and it's the

‘—' first door on your left.

Q * Go to the third floor. Come

.......................the lift and turn right.

h - g When you g o .......................the

building, you will see a sign in front

of you.

Prepositions o f place

6 A member of staff is showing two visitors round

PAX Ltd.

i Read the text and fill in the prepositions.

ii Make a simple plan and write a text for a visitor

to your company.

AB Main administration CP C ustom er car park

building PS Paint shop

W M W orkshop and SR Showroom

Maintenance block SP Staff car park

TA Testing area CC Conference centre and

W S W arehouse and stores training dept.

MG

(G ood Inwards) PB Production building

Main gate

This is the customer car park, and that's the

showroom over there. This way please - we go

down here. That building on the left, a

the main gate, is the warehouse and stores. And

that's the staff car park b .......................it.

c .......................front of us here is the paint shop.

And this, d .......................the right, is the main

production building. It's this way. The entrance to

the production building is there, on the right, and

that building e .......................is the workshops and

maintenance block. We turn left here. That place

f .......................the maintenance block is the testing

area. The building on the left, g .......................to the

paint shop, is the conference centre. Here's the

entrance. There's a canteen upstairs. Let's have

some coffee.'

20 UNIT 6

UNIT 7

Meeting and welcoming

Some useful phrases


Good morning, my name is Bill Smith,

welcome to KPG.

I would (I'd) like to welcome you to KPG.

Good morning

Good evening

How was your trip?

Good afternoon

trip journey flight

It was fine.

Oh, good.

It was terrible.

Oh, dear.

Was the plane on time?

early late on time

were the arrangements OK?

Yes, they were. No, they were not (weren't).

This is Fran Cotton, our PR Manager.

How do you do?

Pleased to meet you.

Nice to meet you.

Nice to meet you, too.

I am (I'm) from France. I'm French.

I speak a little English.

I know a few words.

Study notes

H ow w as your trip?

It was fine.

See Reference Section 1.1 for examples of the Past tense of to be

(was! were).

H ow do you do?

This phrase is used in formal introductions. You can answer:

How do you do?

(formal)

or Nice/glad/good/pleased to meet you. (informal)

Compare How do you do? with How are you?

How do you do?

How do you do? It's nice to meet you.

How are you?

I ’m fine, thanks. How are you?

N ice to m eet you, too.

= It is nice to meet you, too.

Notice the use of too:

I'm from France. —►

I speak Spanish. —♦

Note that in the negative, we

I don't speak Chinese. —►

I speak a little English.

I k n ow a few words.

A little is used with things you can't count:

a little sugar a little coffee

A few is used with things you can count:

a few people a few shops


I ’m from France, too.

I speak Spanish, too.

use either.

I don't speak Chinese either.

Meeting and welcoming 21

Practice

Greetings and introductions

1 Listen to the people meeting. If it is a greeting, tick /

'Greeting'. If it is an introduction, tick /

'Introduction'.

e.g. - Hello, Maria. How are you?

- Oh, hi. I'm very well. How are you?

Greeting

Introduction

Nationalities and languages

eg- a b c d e f g h

/

2 Fill in the gaps in this table. Then write examples.

Make sure you can say your nationality and

language in English.

a few/a little

3 Fill in the gaps with the words in the box.

Arabic w ords cars in the car park Chinese phrases

coffee dollars / milk

people Spanish cash

e.g. I have a few .....

a She has a little.........................She can pay.

b Yes, I'd like a cup o f .........................please.

c I speak a little.........................

d I learnt a few ................... when I went to Beijing.

e I know a fe w .........................

f There is a little.......................in the bottle.

g There were a few .........................

h A few .......................weren't very friendly.

Country Nationality Language

Brazil a ................... Portuguese

b ..................... British English

China Chinese c .....................

Egypt Egyptian d .....................

e ..................... French French

Hungary f .................... Hungarian

Japan Japanese g .....................

Russia h ................... Russian

i ..................... Spanish Spanish

United States j .................... English

e.g. .id

f itte r Spe-MS. ?ortiA<giA&£&.

S k e ’s.rfro VKBrfKifciL..............................

Simple exchanges

4 Match the responses to the prompts.

a

b

c

d

e

f

Welcome to I<PG.

Do you know any French words?

Good morning.

Do you speak Chinese?

How are you?

It's nice to meet you.

8 How do you do?

h How was your trip?

i How do you do?

ii It was OK.

iii It's nice to meet you, too.

iv Thank you.

V Yes, a few.

vi I'm fine, thanks.

vii Good morning.

viii Yes, a little.

□ □ □ □ □ □ □ a

22 UNIT 7

Meeting an associate o ff a plane

5 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue, using the following

expressions.

yes, it was to o hi / w ere journey

not dear to late terrible

A: Hello, I'm Sandy Atar.

B: a .... BJ.......My name is Max Trompowski.

A: Nice to meet you.

B: Nice to meet you b .........................

A: How was your c ........................ ?

B: It was d .........................

A: Oh e .......................Was the plane f .....................

B: g .........................

A: h .......................the hotel arrangements OK?

B: No, I'm afraid i .........................

A: Anyway, welcome j .......................Brussels.

The Past tense o f to be: was/were

6 Read the sentences used on the mobile phone at the

time. Then change the sentences into what was said

in the office two days later.

On a mobile phone at the time:

e.g. Are you in New York?

a Where are you?

b How are your travel arrangements?

c Are you in your hotel?

d We aren't in the hotel,

e We are in KPG's offices,

f They are interested in our proposals,

g But their purchasing manager is concerned

about delivery times,

h Price isn't an issue.

In the office two days later,

e g

.ôiA m Na-w YprJC?

a ......................................................................................

b ......................................................................................

c ......................................................................................

d ......................................................................................

e

f

g

h

Meeting and welcoming 23

UNIT 8

The first two minutes

Some useful phrases


How are you? How is the family?

Fine. Not too bad.

We are (We're) (all) fine.

How is (How's) business?

Is it going well?

It is (It's) going very well.

is this your first visit to the States?

How do you like New York?

I really like it.

it's very interesting.

How long are you here for?

I am (l'm) here for five days.

When are you leaving?

I hear you are (you're) leaving tomorrow

morning.

No, I'm leaving tomorrow evening,

what are you doing this afternoon?

I'm meeting our distributor.

Are you doing anything on Monday evening?

Yes, I am. No, I'm not.

It's nice to talk to you.

It's nice to talk to you too.

Have a good stay.

Enjoy your stay.

Study notes

H ow long are you here for?

- How long are you staying (here for)?

W hen are you leaving?

Note that the Present Continuous tense is often used for the future

when the action is already planned.

See Reference Section 2.2.-

I hear you are leaving ...

We often use I hear, I understand, I see when we already know

about a plan.

7 hear Sara is leaving the company.

I understand we 're leaving at five o 'clock.

... tom orrow m orning.

The parts of the day: morning, afternoon, evening, night.

Notice these expressions:

This afternoon

Tonight

Tomorrow morning

Monday afternoon

... on M onday evening.

Listen to the days of the week. Notice these common

abbreviations.

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

See Reference Section 20.7 for days of the week.

24 UNIT 8

Practice

A chance meeting in Japan

1 Listen to the dialogue. Are the sentences below

[Tj or false [~Fl?

a The speakers work in the same team,

b The visitor likes Tokyo very much,

c

He knows Tokyo well,

d He is in town for two days,

e He is leaving on Tuesday evening,

f

The speakers are meeting again tomorrow.

Time references: parts o f the day

2 Write the correct prepositions in the gaps. Note that

in some cases, no preposition is needed.

e.g. He is leaving M adrid....Tuesday morning.

a She is visiting her distributor.............. tomorrow

morning.

b They are flying h o m e.............. Saturday

afternoon.

c We are taking the sales team to a restaurant

.............. this evening.

d He's going h o m e ................ Wednesday - his flight

is .............. the morning.

e The design team are w orking...............tonight -

the deadline is ...............tomorrow morning.

f

We're meeting a g ain ..........................the morning.

g The customer is collecting the sam ples..............

this evening.

true

□

Present Continuous used for the future

4 Imagine a colleague is asking about your plans.

Write answers to the questions,

e.g. What are you doing tomorrow?

X.W vjSi.tiHkg'..5pvH,e- C4AsfovK&rs...................

a W hat are you doing later today?

b Are you doing anything tomorrow morning?

c What are you doing tomorrow afternoon?

d Are you doing anything the day after tomorrow?

e What are you doing this weekend?

f

W hat are your plans for next week?

understand/hear/believe, etc.

5 Think of people you work with, and write

examples. Use the table as a guide.

you are leaving in the

hear morning.

I

believe

you speak Chinese.

you know my boss / my

We understand manager.

see

you are visiting Hong Kong

next week.

Days o f the week

3 Write these abbreviations in full.

Mon ...................... Fri ......................

Tue ...................... Sat ......................

Wed ...................... Sun ......................

Thu ......................

I kfiAr yrplA

tomorrow

The first two minutes 25

UNIT 9

Partings and thanks

Some useful phrases


Many thanks for your help.

Thank you for everything.

It is (It's) my pleasure. Not at all.

No problem. You are (You're) welcome.

Call me on Monday.

I will.

Do not (Don't) forget to send those figures.

I (will not) won't.

I will (I'll) email you next week.

week month year

I'll see you in the spring,

spring summer

autumn winter

at Christmas in the New Year

in January in February

We'll see you in February.

Give my regards to your MD.

Say'hello' to your wife.

I will.

You must visit us again soon.

And you must come and see us.

See you soon.

See you. Keep in touch.

Goodbye.

Bye.

Study notes

Call m e on M onday.

We use the imperative form in informal requests.

See Reference Section 5.

Give my regards to ...

Send me an email/text message.

Do n ot forget to send th ose figures.

Note the negative imperative.

Don't worry - it's OK.

Don't tell John.

But be careful - the imperative in English can sound impolite.

I w ill em ail you n ext w eek.

We use will for promises:

I'll see you soon.

I'll call you on Monday.

...in th e spring.

The seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter.

Notice also these prepositions:

in the New Year during Ramadan

at Christmas at Carnival Time

at Easter at Chinese New Year

... in January.

Listen to the m onths of the year. Notice the common

abbreviations. See Reference Section 20.7.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

You m u st visit us ...We use must in invitations.

See Reference Section 7.4.

26 UNIT 9

Practice

Goodbyes and thanks

1 Listen to the dialogue and tick [/] the examples

you hear.

When are you leaving?

Have a good flight.

Thanks for your help.

Thank you for everything.

Sec you next week, then.

I'll email you next week.

Don't forget to call me.

Remember me to your wife.

Give my regards to your MD.

Keep in touch.

Say 'hello' to Maria.

Will in promises

2 Make a dialogue from the sentences below. Then, if

possible, practise the dialogue with a partner.

Visitor

Bye.

I will.

I won't.

And you must visit us.

Thank you for

everything.

e.g. -

_

yplA YoiA V^.M Ve . Op'n ’ f -fo rg e t \o

C ,M 1^5.

□

H ost

Thanks - we will.

You must visit us again

soon.

You're welcome. Don't

forget to call us.

Have a good flight. And

give my regards to your

colleagues.

Prepositions: months and seasons

3 Fill in the gaps with a preposition, if necessary,

e.g. I'll ring y o u .... ......... March.

a

I'll call y o u ..................... next September.

b Come and see u s .......................Carnival time.

c Your next visit will b e .......................Ramadan.

d You must visit u s .........................the spring.

e

f

g

I'll see y o u ......................Easter.

I'll write to y o u ..................................March.

I'll see y o u ......................the New Year.

Imperatives

4 Sort out the jumbled sentences.

e.g. please/me/tomorrow/call/morning

(UKtt vk& fpiKorrow y^pr-ni'n^.

a let/this/please/know/me/evening

b

c

touch/keep/in/please

again/see/soon/you

d forget/don't/send/the report/m e/to

e m e/rem ember/your/secretary/to

f

you/for/everything/thank

g hom e/journey/good/a/have

Partings and thanks 27

UNIT 10

Setting up a meeting

Some useful phrases


What is (What's) the date?

It is (It's) April the 25th.

Are you free today?

How about tomorrow?

Is the morning OK?

Can we meet in the evening?

morning afternoon evening

Can you make Friday?

Can you make the meeting on Friday?

meeting appointment conference

Yes, I can. No, I cannot (can't).

I am (l'm) afraid I can't make it.

I'm afraid I can't make the 26th.

I can't make it till the 27th.

I can't make it till 3.30 on the 27th.

OK, let us (let's) meet on the 27th.

I will (I'll) see you ...

... at four o'clock.

... in the afternoon.

... on Saturday.

... on April the 27th.

That is (That's) fine.

See you then.

Study notes

What is th e date?

April 25th - April the twenty-fifth

25th April ~ the twenty-fifth of April

In emails, the -th is often omitted:

25 April 2007

Can w e m eet in th e evening?

Sec Reference Section 7.1 for examples of can.

Can you m ake Friday?

We often use the verb to make with arrangements:

I can make three o 'clock.

I can 7 make Friday.

Note that when make has an object (the meeting, it, etc.), we use

a preposition:

I can make the meeting at three o 'clock.

She can't make it on April the 25th.

See Reference Section 17.1 for prepositions of time.

No, I cannot.

Notice that cannot is one word.

... till th e 27th.

till = until. See Reference Section 20.2 for ordinal numbers

(26th, 27th etc).

...till 3.3 0 ...

This is: half past three or three thirty.

See Reference Section 20.6 for telling the time.

... let's ...

We use let's in suggestions.


28 UNIT 10

Practice

Two meetings

1 Listen to the phone calls and complete the information below.

Type of meeting

Day/Date

Time

Call 1 Call 2

Call 1: Can Carla make it?.....

C all2: Can Mr Galis make it?.

Arranging a meeting

2 Read the messages, then num ber them in the correct order,

a □ c □

0 0 0 In CD

a o e In

D elete

m. t£

R eply

R eply A ll

a /

F o rw ard

C om pose

t o r j____ ; »

M a ilb o xe s G et M ail

D elete

I S .

Reply

&

R eply A ll

g |

Forw ard

/

C om pose

f 4 • - v

L t - ' i___ 1 »

M a ilb o xe s

G et M ail

Dear Rudi

The meeting is now at 1.30 on the 22nd in DHK's office in

Paris. Hope you can make it.

Regards, Stella

Dear Stella

1.30 on the 22nd is fine. What is DHK's Paris address?

Rudi

b □

t) O O In O l

$ f i ; m m 7 & c z j »

D elete R eply R eply A il F orw ard C om pose M a ilb o xe s G et Mai!

Dear Stella

I'm afraid I can't make it. I have a meeting in Paris in

the morning. But I'm free in the afternoon.

Yours, Rudi

d □

6 0 0 In O

D elete

Dear Rudi

Mfe

Reply

l | |

R eply A ll

a

Forw ard

/

C om pose

fsli

H t f ' :___ 1 »

M a ilb o xe s G et M ai!

Can you come to a meeting with DHK in our Berlin office at

9.30 tomorrow morning?

Regards, Stella

Setting up a meeting 29

Dialogue

3 Put this dialogue in the correct order. Then practise

it with a partner, if possible.

Yes, that's fine.

Are you free on

Thursday?

How about Friday?

OK.

Yes, that suits me

very well.

/ No, I'm sorry, I can't.

y Can you make Wednesday?

Can you make

three o'clock?

Good. See you then.

I'm afraid not.

^

.C rte y*fSY&. W&dw&sdixyr'?

Uo} X vK S o rry jj T .c & ti ! £ ...........

Dates and times

4 Write the following in figures.

e.g. twenty-third

....2..?)T.4..

a the sixteenth of October nineteen

ninety-nine ...............

b May the third tw'o thousand and nine ...............

c six twenty-five ...............

d seven thirty-five ...............

e eleven o'clock ...............

f sixteen hundred ...............

g two thousand and ten ...............

h nineteen sixty-eight ...............

i ninetieth ...............

Now write the following in words.

j 11-30...........................................................................

k 6 .1 5 ..............................................................................

1 17 J u n e .......................................................................

m 21st M arch.................................................................

n 12/9/06 ......................................................................

o 25/2/16 ......................................................................

p 1899 ............................................................................

q 1985 ............................................................................

can/can't; use o f make in arrangements

5 Change the sentences as shown,

e.g. I can't make the 23rd.

(lunch)

.Q - .Q - .'W : ./.'W.'HC-k. o-n fke- 2.3rd.

a We can make eleven o'clock.

(the meeting) ............................................................

b Can he make Wednesday?

(the appointm ent)....................................................

c She can't make June.

(the sales conference) ..............................................

d I can't make the morning.

(the appointm ent)....................................................

e They can make tomorrow.

(the breakfast meeting) ...........................................

f We can't make 4.30 tomorrow afternoon.

(the sales m eeting)...................................................

g Can they make 20..?

(the conference) .......................................................

h He can make the 16th.

(the three o'clock m eeting)....................................

30 UNIT 10

UNIT 11

Confirming arrangements

Some useful phrases


I am (I'm) calling about our arrangement.

I'm calling to confirm Tuesday's meeting,

calling phoning writing

meeting arrangement plan

Can I check the day?

the day the time

the place the details

Can I check the details?

Go ahead.

Is it at 9am or 9pm?

It is (It's) at 9am.

Is that right?

Yes, that is (that's) right.

Are you still OK for Monday?

We are (We're) meeting for lunch.

Is that still OK?

Do you know when it is (yet)?

Do you know where it is (yet)?

Do you know if you can make it (yet)?

Could you let me know?

Thanks for reminding me.

Study notes

I am calling to confirm ...

= I am calling in order to con firm.

Here, to - in order to.

... Tuesday's m eeting.

Compare:

Canyon come to the meeting on Tuesday?

Can you come to Tuesday's meeting?

Sec Reference Section 7.1.

... 9am or 9pm ?

am - ante meridien (Latin) = before 12.00/noon.

pm - post meridien (Latin) = after 12.00/noon.

Are you still OK for M onday?

Do you k n ow w h en it is yet?

Yet normally stands at the end of the sentence.

Still normally stands before the main verb [meet).

Are we still meeting for lunch?

But after the verb to be.

I am still on the phone.


Do you k n ow w h en ...?

Do you k n ow w h ere ...?

Do you k n ow if ...?

Compare these examples:

When is it?

Do you know when it is?

Can you make it?

Do you know if you can make it?

See Reference Section 14.

Confirming arrangements 31

Practice

Confirming time and place

1 Listen to the recording and complete and/or correct

the schedule.

M eetings Tim e Room

Tuesday's meeting

Wednesday's meeting

Embedded/indirect questions

11.00

10.00/11.00 317

2 Change these questions, using the verb in brackets

as shown.

e.g. W here is the meeting?

Do is ? .........

Cft-H ^jp-U fe-M wte- wkere- fk e .

is?

C-ti-14 I cb&cjc wke-re. ! r?^. .!.-??.........

a What time is it? (know)

b Is the meeting going ahead? (tell)

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words in

the box.

ahead check c o n firm «/ details

know make Paul’s right

still w eek’s ten

A: I'm calling to a this b .......................

m anagement meeting. Can you c .....................it?

B: I'm not sure. Can I d .........................the

e ........................ ?

A: Of course. Go f .........................

B: It's in g .....................office. Is that h ..................... ?

A: Yes, that's right.

B: And it's at i .........................?

A: No, it isn't. It's at eleven. Is that j .........................

OK?

B: I don't know at the moment.

A: Could you let me k .........................?

B: Yes, of course.

c W hat day is it? (check)

d Is it on Monday or Tuesday? (knowr)

e Who is coming? (tell)

f Is it in Room 407? (check)

g How many people are coming? (know)

h Can you make it? (know)

still/yet

4 Write the questions using still or yet.

Meetings Time Place

Monday's a 9am b Room 503/509

meeting

Wednesday's c ..................... d Conference room

meeting

Thursday's e 2.00/3.00 f .....................

meeting

Friday's g 12.00 h Boardroom

meeting

Saturday's i 7pm j .....................

meeting

32 UNIT 11

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

I s . i.-n^;. S.tiM..Q-.t. fry*-. ?

Do ."WH4. K ^ W .i£ .j.t.’.S.m .Ropwt

503 or..509..^f.?..................................................

. P.°. wfarZIA. ’s

.VkG-zt.iWff..i$../tt&£.?.........................

Yesterday's conversation,

Tuesday's meeting, etc.

5 Fill in the gaps in the table, then write examples of

your own.

The conversation

yesterday

a ..................................

The conference in July

The arrangements for

Saturday

e ............

= ........Y ..

c.O'HVersA.'f" ion

= Tuesday's meeting

= b .............................

= Tomorrow's

appointment

= d .............................

= 2010's plans

to/in order to

6 Write examples, using the table. Then, think of your work: what are you doing and why?

e.g. .1. ABC fp/i^yi Ord&r fo P /uf. ! .1*^ •

I am calling ABC to have a coffee.

I am flying to Japan in order to tell him the new room number.

He is writing to Maria Bush check the address.

She is emailing John visit a customer.

We are going to Mario's thank her for lunch.

They are going to their website find out the time of the meeting.

Confirming arrangements 33

UNIT 12

Changing plans

Some useful phrases


l am (I'm) afraid, we will (we'll) have to ...

... change the room.

... start earlier.

earlier later

Can we change the time of the meeting?

Can we change it to next week?

this week next week

this month next month

Why? What is (what's) the problem?

Why do you want to change it?

Because the conference room is booked,

booked reserved occupied

Can we have the meeting in your office?

Why don't (do not) we meet in the afternoon?

Will the room be free by two o'clock?

I will (I'll) find out.

I cannot (can't) make it then.

I have to meet a client.

I will not (won't) be back by two.

Will you be back before six?

before six

Yes, I will.

after seven

No, I won't.

Study notes

... w e w ill have to change th e room .

See Reference Section 3.4 for examples of the Future tense

with will.

... earlier/later

These are comparatives forms:

early - earlier

late - later


Why? Because ...

Why - asking for the reason.

Because-giving the reason.

Why don't w e ...?

This is a way of making suggestions.

Why don't we change the room?

I have to m e e t ...

Notice that have+ infinitive (to meet) expresses obligation.

I have to work on Saturday morning.

I don't have to speak English in my job.

... let's m eet at 7.30.

This is another w'ay of making suggestions.

Let's change the time.

Let's change the room.

OK, let us (let's) meet at 7.30.

34 UNIT 12

I

Practice

w h y a n d b e c a u s e

1 Listen and match the questions (a-d) with the

explanations (i-iv).

D ialogue 1

a Why can't they meet on the 16th?

b Why are they meeting after three o'clock

on the 18th?

D ialogue 2

c Why will they have to change the time of

next m onth's finance meeting?

d Why don't they meet in her office?

i Because all the meeting rooms are booked.

ii Because the conference room w on't be

free till then.

iii Because the sales director will be in

the States.

iv Because six people are coming to the

meeting.

Wi I I/Wi 1 n o t

2 Write questions using the table. Then answer the

questions.

□

EH

EH

have to

3 Write true sentences about you and your company

using have to.

e.g. My secretary/speak English/in job.

£&cre-_f.d.o&siA. ’f kMe- fo spfi-flJC

i_.sk m. k& r^Jo b ..................................

a I/read French at work.

b My colleagues/write faxes in Arabic.

c My boss/use English on the phone.

d The sales reps/speak Russian with customers.

e I/write reports in English.

f

My secretary/understand instructions in

Spanish.

§ I/speak to visitors in English.

Will your colleagues check our security passes?

your manager be away next week?

the meeting room be free this evening?

your assistant be in the office tomorrow?

your family be back by 6pm?

Reception be at work on Saturday?

you

be in Tokyo next Monday?

e.g............................................. WiM ,yr01Ar b e -jif i/yvrfc oia

SfofiArdtWt?

Changing plans 35

Dialogue

4 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words and

phrases in the box.

after lunch back booked find out free

at six o'clock then the problem w e’ll / w hy don’t we

A: I'm afraid a ...we,££... have to change the time

of Tuesday's meeting.

B: Why, what's b .........................?

A: The conference room is c ...........................

B: Can we have the meeting d .......................... in

the afternoon?

A: I'll be in Brussels e ...........................

B: Will you be back f .........................?

A: No, I won't. I w on't be g .........................till

Wednesday morning.

B: h .........................meet at ten o'clock on

Wednesday?

A: OK.

B: Will the conference room be i .........................

then?

A: I don't know. Can you j .........................?

B: Yes, OK.

Questions and short answers

5 Write the questions. Then write short answers.

e.g. You'll be back from lunch by 12.30.

\AJi£f y o u be Jbac-K. £row, lu w ak b y . 12.2.0?....

y.fi-.-S;. I . wi 11.. /.. N.°j.. X . .’. t ................................

a You'll be home by 5.00.

d Your colleagues have to speak English on the

phone.

e Your assistant has to be in the office tomorrow.

f

He can change the appointment to Friday.

Suggestions

6 The meetings below have problems (a-f). Make

suggestions that will solve the problems.

Suggestions

Let’s ... W h y don’t w e ... W e c o u ld ...

Could w e ... H ow a b o u t... W h a t a b o u t...

e.g. Jack can't make the meeting at 3.1 5.

(4.15) .........

a Room 203 is occupied.

(Room 204) .........................................................

b I have to see some customers in the morning.

(meet/afternoon) ...............................................

c Three people are away on Tuesday.

(Wednesday) ........................................................

d The room is too small for 15 people.

(change ro o m ).....................................................

e Harry has to leave at 12.30.

(begin earlier) ......................................................

f Their train doesn't arrive till 11.30.

(start later) ...........................................................

b You have to speak English in your job.

c We can change the time to three o'clock.

36 UNIT 12

UNIT 13

Dealing with the

Some useful phrases


I am (I'm) calling about the meeting.

Could we postpone it?

I'm calling to ask if we could put it off.

postpone put off

cancel call off

Why? What is (What's) the problem?

What's wrong?

There is (There's) a security alert.

The airport is closed.

There's a crash. The motorway is blocked.

Our system is down. We cannot (can't) access

the files.

Three members of the team are down with

a virus.

My plane is delayed.

I'm afraid I'm not going to make it.

I'm sorry to hear that.

When do you think you can deliver?

When do you think you can make it?

Could we postpone the meeting till Wednesday?

I think we have to cancel it.

I'm sorry about this.

That's OK. Don't worry.

I can't make it either.

We have a problem too.

I will (i'll) call you when I get back to my office.

Study notes

Could w e p o stp o n e ...?

Could is often used in requests.


... put it off.

Notice: put off - postpone

call off - cancel

You can say:

Could we put off the meeting?

or Could we put the meeting off?

or Could we put it off?

but not Could we put off it?


... I'm not going to m ake it.

See Reference Section 3.3 for examples of going to + infinitive

(to make) used for the future.

I can't m ake it either.


either/too = this is also true for me.

either:

I can't make it.

I can't make it either.

I don't like delays.

I don't like delays either.

too:

We have a problem.


I'm stuck in traffic.

I'm stuck in traffic too.

(Stuck is the past of stick - it is an irregular verb.)

See Reference Section 18.11 and 18.12.

Deaiingwith the unexpected 37

Practice

Cancelling/postponing

1 Listen and match the arrangements with the

reasons for cancelling or postponing.

a Tuesday's meeting

b Wednesday's appointm ent

c Thursday's meeting

d Friday's conference call

i security alert

ii IT problems

iii illness (flu)

iv job not finished

too/either

2 Reply to the examples using too or either.

e.g. We're not ready.

We- V e - n o f e -ifk e -r ..........

a I'm not well,

b I don't like meetings,

c I have a cold,

□

□

□

□

call off/put Off

3 Rewrite these examples using put off or call off.

e.g. Are you going to cancel the meeting?

Are _fo_c.ciJo-f-f fk e vueef m ^ ?

or Are to ;fk e wteef jVng-. ?

a Could we postpone it?

b I can't postpone Tuesday's appointment.

c

He will have to cancel it.

d They can postpone it, if they want,

e You don't have to cancel the conference.

f

Will they postpone the arrangement?

g She w on't postpone Friday's conference.

Dialogue: unexpected problem

4 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words and

phrases in the box.

d We're very busy,

e I can't make Monday's meeting,

f I have a virus,

g I w on't be back by Friday,

h That suits me.

about y dow n everything going to how about

problem postpone put it o ff sorry suits sorry

A: I'm calling a ... k k o w f.... 0ur lunch date.

B: Is b ......................OK?

A: No, I'm afraid not. Could we c ......................?

B: What's the d .....................?

A: I'm afraid I'm not e ......................make it. Two

members of my team are f ............... with a virus.

B: I'm g ....................to hear that.

A: Thanks. I'm calling to ask if we could

h ......................it till next week.

B: No problem. W hen do you think you can

make it?

38 UNIT 13

A: i ......................this time next week?

B: Yes, that's fine.

A: I'm j ......................about this.

B: Don't worry. Next week k ........................ me

better.

A: Thanks - see you next week.

Intentions and plans - going to

6 Write examples from your work.

a Q uestions

What are you going to do?

When are they going to deliver?

could in requests

5 Match the requests (a-g) with the explanations

(i-vii).

a Could we postpone the meeting ? 0

b Could we cancel the conference call? □

c Could we get a lift with you? □

d Could I use your phone? □

e Could I book a meeting room, please? □

f Could you move your chair, please? □

g Could you open the window, please? n

i It is very hot in here.

ii The JKW team are coming at 11.30.

iii We have an IT problem.

iv I'm stuck in traffic.

V I can't see the screen.

vi My mobile isn't working.

vii There are no taxis.

b Statem ents

I'm going to be away next week.

Pedro is going to call you wTien he gets to

the office.

c N egatives

I'm afraid I'm not going to make the meeting.

Eva isn't going to be back in the office till

Tuesday.

Dealing with the unexpected 39

UNIT 14

Explaining and apologising

Some useful phrases


lam (I'm) sorry...

...I'm late.

... I forgot our appointment yesterday.

...I missed the meeting.

I apologise for missing the meeting.

What happened?

I had to see a client.

I had to finish some work.

I had to take my wife to the doctor,

husband

son

wife

daughter

What is (What's) wrong with her?

She is not (isn't) well.

She has a cold.

cold cough sore throat

Did you miss the plane?

Did you have a problem with the train?

Did the meeting finish late?

Did you lose the address?

Yes, I did. No, I did not (didn't).

I wanted to phone, but I didn't have your

number in my address book.

in my mobile in my address book

your number your contact details

Don't worry.

That is (That's) OK.

Study notes

...I forgot our a p p o in tm e n t...

Forget is an irregular verb - the Past tense is forgot.

See Reference Section 19 for a list of common irregular verbs,

e.g. have —* had |

come —►came -:

take —►took $

see —►saw

... I m issed th e m eeting.

Miss is a regular verb - the Past tense is missed.

Most regular verbs take -d or -ed in the Past tense,

e.g. want —►wanted

phone —►phoned

like —►liked

See also Reference Sections 2.1 and 2.5.

I had to see a client.

I had to finish som e w ork.

have + infinitive [to see I to finish) expresses obligation. Had is the

Past tense.

... to take m y w ife to the doctor.

Some family members:

husband/wife son/daughter father/mother

uncle/aunt grandfather /grandmother

She has a cold.

Some common ailments:

a cough/a cold a sore throat/a headache a virus/flu

Notice that we say:

I have a cough/cold

but I have fin (not a flu)

Practice

Explanations and apologies

1 Listen to the conversations. Mark the statements

true [T] or false [T].

She missed the meeting because she

didn't have the address.

11 She forgot about the meeting.

iii There was a problem with a delivery.

11

iii

She forgot the conference call because

she has a bad cough.

She had to take her son to the doctor.

She had to take her son to the hospital.

He didn't contact Mr Zarh because he

was very busy.

li He didn't have the contact details.

iii He had to take someone to the airport.

EH

J

EH

EH

EH

EZ3

EH

EH

EH

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using these words.

did

didn’t have

forget

did you

had

w anted

didn’t

happened

missed /

A: I'm sorry, I a ....JUkiss^d... the meeting.

B: Did you b ......................?

A: No, I c ........................

B: What d ......................?

A: I e ........................ to finish some work.

B: f ................................................ finish it?

A: Yes, I g .........................I h ....................... to phone

you, but I i ......................your num ber in my

address book.

The Past tense

2 Fill in the gaps - affirmative (+) or negative (-).

e.g. + The meeting finished late.

- T ke VK.e:e'. f i.'Hg. did-n ]f. i.-w5k iVf'e-.

a + He lost the phone number.

b + ...........................................................................

- She didn't want to phone,

c + They forgot the meeting.

d + .........................................................

- We didn't miss the appointment,

e + He tried to call.

f +........................................

- 1 didn't have to see a client,

g + We took a client to the airport.

Family members and common ailments

4 Write examples using the table.

e.g..M'g-..k ^ s im W k?LS a .bcud yiriAs., I kad. fo

tM Z hiY* fp. f.h£ doc.for.

My husband / wife has a (bad) cough.

son / daughter a (bad) cold.

father / m other a (bad) sore throat.

brother / sister a (bad) headache.

uncle / aunt

a (bad) virus.

grandfather /

(bad) flu.

grandmother

(bad) toothache.

I had to take him to the doctor.

her to the dentist.

to the hospital.

Explaining and apologising 41

UNIT 15

Making contact by phone

Some useful phrases


Is it possible to speak to Mr Semler?

Can I have extension 123, please?

Could you put me through to Anna Choi, please?

Just a moment, please. Hold on, please.

One moment, please.

You are (You're) through now.

Who is (Who's) calling, please?

Can I have your name, please?

Yes, this is John Brown from CTG.

How do you spell that?

Brown. That is (that's) B-R-O-W-N.

Could you repeat that, please?

Is that Mr Semler?

Speaking.

This is Ed Roza from BRAC.

Good morning, Mr Roza.

Thank you for calling.

I am (I'm) calling about the meeting.

It is (It's) about the review meeting.

Hello, is that Peter?

No, this is Hans.

Hello, Hans. It's John here.

Hello, John.

What can I do for you?

Study notes

Is it possible to speak to ...?

We can also say:

Could/Can I speak to ...?

I would like to speak to ...

Could you put m e through to ...?

Put through = connect

Notice the word order

Put someone through to John.

you extension 101.

me

Hold on, please.

Hold on - wait

Yes, this is John Brow n ...

Is that Mr Sem ler?

Notice the use of this/that in telephoning.

This is John = Iam John (generally not used on the phone).

Is that Mr Kay? - Are you Mr Kay? (generally not used on

the phone).

H ow do you spell that?

See Unit 2 for the pronunciation of the alphabet in English.

See Reference Section 20.4 for telephone alphabets.

Speaking.

Note this reply to the question: Is that Mr Semler?

We can also say:

Mr Semler speaking.

This is Mr Semler.

It's John here.

It's John here. = I am John (generally not used on the phone).

42 UNIT 15

Practice

Getting through

1 i Listen to the phone calls. How do speakers begin

the calls?

a ..................................... in the accounts

department, please?

b ..................................... Bernard Lutz's

secretary, please?

c ..................................... the sales department?

d ..................................... the legal department,

please?

ii Now listen to the calls again. What is the last

sentence?

a One moment, please,

b Hold on, please,

c No, this is the HR department,

d Just a moment, please.

Using a spelling alphabet

2 Read the American telephone alphabet. Then

practise spelling your name and the name of your

company using a telephone alphabet.

e.g. This is Ben Ozikis - that's B for Baker, E for

Easy, N for Nan, etc. (Or: that's B Baker, E Easy,

N Nan, etc.)

THE AMERICAN ALPHABET

A for Able J for Jig S for Sugar

B for Baker I< for King T for Tare

C for Charlie L for Love U for Uncle

D for Dog M for Mike V for Victor

E for Easy N for Nan w for William

F for Fox 0 for Oboe X for X-ray

G for George P for Peter Y for Yoke

H for How Q for Queen z for Zebra

I for Item R for Roger

Dialogue

3 Complete the gaps using the words and phrases in

the box.

is that this is it’s about through

fine can I do can I speak / one m om ent

how are

help you

A: a .... ................................. to Mr Badman please?

B: b , please. You're

c .......................... now.

A: Hello, d ....... ..................Mr Badman?

C: e ................... ...... Jon Gratz.

A: Hello, Jon. f ...........................you?

C: g ................... ...... , thanks. What

h ................... for you?

A: Well, i .......... ............... the Ugandan business.

C: Right. How can I j .......................... ?

Is it possible...?

4 Write examples using the information in the table.

Is it possible

Is it possible for you

Is it possible for me

Is it possible for us

Is it possible for your

assistant

to put me through to Mr

Smith?

to speak to someone in

Sales?

to call again in the

morning?

to give him /her a message?

to give me his/her mobile

num ber?

to have your direct

number?

to email the report?

to hold on?

to m eet later?

e.g. Is it possible to put me through to Mr Smith?

Making contact by phone 43

UNIT 16

Dealing with incoming calls

f t

Some useful phrases


Who is (who's) calling?

It is (It's) Ted Black.

Can I speak to Mrs Martinez, please?

I am (I'm) afraid she is (she's) away from her

desk at the moment.

She's at lunch.

She will (She'll) be away until Tuesday.

She'll be away for a week.

You are (You're) through to the wrong

extension.

You need extension 417.

Hold on, I will (I'll) transfer you.

Can you call back later?

Can he call you back later?

Can I take a message?

No, thank you. I'll call back.

I'm sorry, I cannot (can't) talk now.

I'm with a customer.

I'm driving.

Could you call back ...

... at 3.15 (a quarter past three)?

... at 3.30 (half past three)?

... at 3.45 (a quarter to four)?

Do you have my mobile number?

I'm on extension 3456.

Study notes

Who is calling?

Here who is the subject of the sentence.

But in Who did you speak to? who is the object of the sentence.

See Reference Section 14.1 for wh- questions.

... she is aw ay from her desk ...

Notice the prepositions:

He/She is at lunch.

He/She is in a meeting.

He/She is on holiday.

He/She is out of the office.

He/She is on the phone.

She w ill be aw ay until Tuesday.

- She will be back in the office on Tuesday.

She '11 be away for a week.

= She will be away for a period of a week.

Note that until-till

See Reference Sections 3.4 and 18.6.

... at 3.15 ...

You can say three fifteen or a quarter past three.


... m y m ob ile num ber?

Notice also:

my direct number

our main number

our fax number

my extension number

44 UNIT 16

Practice

Dealing with calls

1 Listen and match the caller's questions with

Sarah's replies.

a Good morning, can I speak to Brenda,

please?

b Can I speak to Mrs Opres, please?

c Do you have her email address?

d W hen do you expect him back?

e Could you transfer me?

f Do you know w'hen she'll be free?

g Do you know how I can contact Jane?

h Hello, is Dave there?

i At about 3.30.

ii I'm sorry, but I'm in a meeting at the moment.

Could you possibly call back in about half an

hour?

iii No, I'm afraid he's out with some customers.

iv I'm sorry, I don't know when the meeting's

going to finish. Can I ask her to call you?

v I think you are through to the wrong

extension.

vi She's out of the office today. Do you have her

mobile number?

vii I'm afraid she's in a meeting at the moment.

viii It's jane.c@lrc.com

Times

2 Write these times in words.

e.g. 5.55

Ojr.fiiv&fp sjX

a 6 .0 0 .......................................................................

b 7 .1 5 .......................................................................

c 8 .3 0 .......................................................................

d 9 .4 5 .......................................................................

e 10.25 ....................................................................

f 11.40....................................................................

g 12.50....................................................................

□

for and until/till


Who

I will be away from m y/his/ fo r...

He her desk u n til...

She out of the office till...

Mary

on holiday

John

at lunch

etc.

in a meeting

w on't be

back at m y/his/her desk

back in the office

back from holiday

back from lunch

out of the meeting

e.g. I will be away from my desk for twenty minutes.

I w on't be back at my desk until 4.30.

4 Make questions beginning with Who ...?

Who is the subject of the sentence,

e.g. Someone is calling.

.....W ko i ?

a Someone is dealing with this.

Who ........................................................................... ?

b Someone took this message from AIT.

Who ........................................................................... ?

c Someone spoke to you when you called?

Who ........................................................................... ?

Who is the object of the sentence,

e.g. She is talking to someone.

......W ko is ske-. i f o ? ................................

d You are calling someone.

Who ............................................................................?

e You want to speak to someone.

W h o ............................................................................?

f She spoke to someone when she called.

Who ............................................................................?

Dealing with incoming calls 45

UNIT 17

Leaving and taking messages

Some useful phrases


Can I leave a message?

Could you say (that) Mrs Gitto phoned?

Yes, of course. I will (i'll) tell him.

Mr Sato is not (isn't) here at the moment.


Could you tell him (that) Mr Gibril called?

Could you say (that) Mr Gibril rang?

Please tell him (that) I rang.

Please tell him (that) the price is $550.

195 euros 4000 yen

786 million dollars 235 billion yuan

Did you get that?

Yes, I did. No, I did not (didn't).

No, I am (I'm) sorry. I didn't catch that.

Could you say that again, please?

Could you ask her to call me back before five?

Could you tell him to bring the report?

I sent her an email.

an email a text

I wanted to check she received it.

Study notes

Could you say (that) Mrs Gitto phoned?

Could you tell him (that) Mr Gibril called?

Notice these examples of say and tell:

Could you say (that) I will call again later.

Could you tell her (that) I will call again later.

Here say and tell introduce information.

Notice that 'that' can be omitted.

See Reference Section 18.2 for more on say and WIT.

... th e price is $550.

See Reference Section 20.10 for notes on money.

195 euros

Notice these numbers:

195 = a hundred and ninty-five

4,000 = four thousand

786m = seven hundred and eighty-six million

235bn = two hundred and thirty-five billion


Did you get that?

= Did you hear that?

I didn't catch that.

= I didn't hear that.

Could you say that again ...?

Notice these examples of say:

Say'hello'to John. Say'goodbye'to Mary. Say something!

Could you ask her to call m e ...?

Could you tell him to bring th e report?

Notice these examples of ask and tell:

Please ask her to come in.

Please tell him to come in.

Here ask and tell are instructions.


46 UNIT 17

Practice

Telephone messages

1 Listen to the phone calls and fill in the message pad.

Call 1

Message fo r

C aller’s name

C om pany

Phone n um ber

PHONE MESSGE

Please ring back □ Will call again D

Return y o u r call O U rg e n t □

Currencies

2 Match the currencies to the countries.

a In d ia --------------- i yuan

b South Africa -----------ii rupee

c Japan iii rouble

d Thailand iv rand

e Brazil V yen

f Russia vi euro

g United States vii dollar

h China viii baht

i United Arab Emirates ix real

j Poland X dirham

M essage..............................................................

D ate I 1 T im e Taken by I____ -1

Call 2

PHO NE MESSGE

Message fo r .........................................................

C aller’s name .........................................................

C om pany .........................................................

Phone num b e r .........................................................

Please ring back □ W ill call again

R eturn y o u r call □ U rg e n t D

M essage......................................................................

D ate 1------------ 1 T im e . . 1 Taken by

D

say, tell, ask

3 Complete the sentences (a-h), using the endings

(i-viii).

a Could you tell

b Please ask

c Please say

d Could you say

e Can I give

f Please thank

g Please tell

h Could you ask

i him to bring the reports

ii that again.

iii I rang.

iv that Maria called.

v her to call me.

vi him for everything.

vii him I called.

viii him a message?

i/v/vii

Leaving and taking messages 47

Dialogue

4 Put this dialogue in the right order. Then, if possible,

practise with a partner.

Writing numbers in full

6 Write the figures and symbols in words.

e.g. €655 ..SiX .a W .£ i .&1Arqs

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

Don Roger, that's R-O-G-E-R.

Hello. Is that Petra?


She's at lunch at the moment.

Yes, please.

I'll tell her.

Sorry, I didn't catch your name.

Could you tell her that Don Roger called?

No, I'm afraid it isn't.

Thank you, Mr Roger.

a SARI 5,000 ................................................................

b $845 ............................................................................

c ¥167m ........................................................................

d 75bn R u b ....................................................................

e £ 1 6 m ...........................................................................

f Chinese ¥1386 ..........................................................

g $8.5 m ..........................................................................

h €325,000....................................................................

Answer: ...I?.;..!

Some language points

5 Choose the most suitable word to complete the

sentences.

e.g. Please.....P......her the price will be $450.

a say b tell c ask

1 Could I ......................a message for Rosa?

a leave b make c say

2 I 'll......................the message to her.

a give b write c tell

3 She isn't a t ......................at the moment.

a here b out c her desk

4 The price is $335. ( ......................)

a three thirty-five dollars

b three hundred thirty-five dollars

c three hundred and thirty-five dollars

5 Could y o u ........................that Mrs Dagmar called.

a ask b say c tell

6 I'll b e ..........................extension 09872 until 4.15.

a in b on c at

48 UNIT 17

UNIT 18

Email and telephone problems

Some useful phrases


I am (I'm) sorry I cannot (can't) hear you.

it is (It's) a bad line.

You are (You're) breaking up.

My battery is low.

I will (i'll) call you on a land line.

I can't access my voicemail.

Could you repeat that, please?

Could you speak up, please?

Can I put you on hold?

Yes, of course.

Certainly.

I could not (couldn't) get through.

I tried to call you at about nine.

Your extension was on voicemail,

at about nine at around ten

just before eleven just after twelve

I can't logon.

My email bounced back.

Can I check your address?

It's not in my inbox.

Can you resend it, please?

Why don't you check your password?

Our phone was out of order.

We had problems with our system ...

... all morning.

... all day.

Study notes

You are breaking up.

= Your voice is unclear.

I w ill call you on a land line.

Notice the use of prepositions:

Can I put you on hold?

It's not in my inbox.

I can'tget through to John.

I could n ot get through.

Could is the Past tense of can.


I tried to call you ...

Tried is the Past tense of try. Notice the construction after try.

I will try to do it. I tried to tell them but...

... at about nine

... at around ten

Notice also these ways of giving approximate times:

between 9 and 10 all morning I all day

just before!after 11 for about two hours


... just before/... just after

here just = a short time

just before = a short time before

just after = a short time after

I can't log on.

= I can't connect with the network/the Internet.

My em ail bounced back.

= it was returned.

Email and telephone problems 49

Practice

Problems

1 Listen to the dialogues a-g and write down the

email and telephone problems.

a ..te r.h&t.t.&cyj.. > . S . ........................................

b ...............................................................................

c ..............................................................................

d ...............................................................................

e ...............................................................................

f ..............................................................................

g ...............................................................................

Exchanges

2 Complete the exchanges by matching a-h with

l-Vlll.

a Is that TK Holdings?

b Can you hear me?

c I can't access my emails; I can't get into

the system,

d I sent you an email but it bounced back,

e We can't open the attachment,

f When did you try to call me?

g Our phone was out of order all morning.

h Did you get my email.

i No, you're breaking up.

ii I'll send it again in a different format.

iii No, I'm afraid you've got the wrong number.

iv There's nothing from you in my inbox.

v Just before eleven. You were on voicemail.

vi I know, I couldn't get through.

vii Are you using the right password?

viii Have you got my new address?

[mj

□

□

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogues with the

missing words.

D ialogue 1

A: Hello, can I speak ..tf?.... Mr Kamen, please?

B: Hello, is that Ms Sookia?

A: Sorry, I can't hear you. Could you speak

a .................. ?

B: You're breaking b .................... I'll call you

c ....................

A: What?

B: I'll call you back!

A: Thanks. I'm d .................. my mobile. Do you

have the number?

B: Yes, it's on the display here.

D ialogue 2

B: Can you hear me now?

A: Yes, that's much better, thank you. I tried to call

you earlier, but I couldn't get e .................... Your

line was f .................. voicemail.

B: W hen did you call?

A: Just g .................. lunch.

B: Yes, I was in a meeting. Can I put you

h .................. hold for a m om ent? I'm going to

transfer this call i .................. my office.

try + infinitive

4 7 tried to is a common way of introducing a

problem. Match the examples (a-h) with some

possible responses (i-viii).

a I tried to call you but I couldn't get

through. 0

b I tried to call your mobile but it went

straight to voicemail,

c I tried to email you but it bounced back,

d I tried to open the attachm ent but I

couldn't.

□

□

50 UNIT 18

□

e I tried to log on but I had the wrong

password.

f I tried to uses a payphone but it was out

of order.

LH

g I tried to get into the system but I couldn't, d l

h I tried to access my voicemails but I

couldn't.

i Did you call the Help Desk?

ii Is there something wrong with your phone?

iii I had to call IT support.

iv Yes it was switched off - 1was in a meeting.

v Was it in a special programme?

vi Did you try my direct number?

vii Yes, we had problems with the system.

viii Didn't you have your mobile with you?

Approximate times

5 Rewrite the sentences using an approximate time,

e.g. I tried to call you (from 9.00 till 5.00

yesterday).

I frie-d. to VjOM.odl d o .....

EH

Making contact

6 Use the words in the box to complete the examples

below.

access deleted dial enter forward

g e t / missed open press

e.g. Did you

......... my voicemail?

a You need t o .....................your password.

b We c a n 't...........................................the attachment.

c

To return the call,.....................the hash key.

d I tried t o ...........................your website from my

mobile.

e You don't need t o .....................the n u m b er-ju st

press star and then 1.

f

Sorry I .......................your call. Call me back when

you are free.

g Could you send the message again. I .....................

it by mistake.

h Could y o u .......................the email to the rest of

the team, please?

a I emailed you (at 2.57).

............................................................................ 3.00.

b Your phone was engaged (from 8.30am till

12.30am).

..................................................................... morning.

c I'll send you a fax (between 11.50 and 12.10).

.......................................................................midday.

d Did you try to call me (between 8.55 and 9.05)?

........................................................................... 9.00?

e Could you call me (at 3.03)?

........................................................................... 3.00?

f Our email was out of order (from 9.00 till 5.00).

.............................................................................. day.

g She was online for (between 28 and 33

minutes).

...............................................................half an hour.

Email and telephone problems 51

UNIT 19

Drinks and snacks

Some useful phrases


What can I get you?

What would you like to have?

to have to drink to have to eat

Coffee or tea?

Do you take milk?

Would you like a cup of coffee?

How do you like it?

Black? White? Milk? Cream?

Do you take sugar?

Whose coffee is this?

Is that your coffee?

I think that one is (one's) mine.

This one's yours.

Can I get you anything else?

Is there any more coffee?

No, I'm afraid there is not (isn't).

Some more coffee? No, thanks.

Another cup? Yes, please.

Try one of these.

Thank you.

a sandwich a biscuit a cake

It is (It's) very good.

It's delicious.

Study notes

Coffee or tea?

Notice this use of short questions. More examples include:

Black? White? Some more coffee? Another cup?

H ow do you like it?

Here this means How do you want it?

How do you like your tea? —►With milk, please, but no sugar.

But the question can also mean Do you like it?

How do you like your job? —*■Very much.

How do you like it here? —►It's great!

W hose coffee is this?

Questions with whose have two possible forms.

Whose coffee is this? Whose is this coffee?

They are both used and they m ean the same.

I thin k th at one is m ine.

Use one tones in place of a noun (or noun phrase).

This coffee is mine, that coffee is yours.

This coffee is mine, that one is yours.

These keys are mine, those keys are yours.

These keys are mine, those ones are yours.


...is m ine

Notice the possessive pronouns:

Singular mine Plural

yours

his/hers

its

Whose is this? —►It's mine.

ours

yours

theirs

theirs

Can I get you anything else?

We can also say:

Can I get you something else?

See also Reference Sections 13.1 for some I any and 13.2 for

something / anything.

52 UNIT 19

Practice

Offering drinks and snacks

1 Listen to the recording and write the replies,

a - Did you have anything to eat on the plane?

- ...M?.;.XjlAsh&1Ap..of;..k c r frfW .......

Well, let me get you something. What about

some sandwiches?

b - So, how do you like your coffee?

- Cream? Milk?

And then sandwiches. I think these m ust be

cheese. These ones are egg, and these are ham.

c - Another cup?

- And you m ust try some of this.

- What is it?

- .......................................................................Try it.

- Mmm. It's delicious.

d - The two black coffees are for Jope and Pieter.

- Thanks.

- Who is having the white coffee?

e I left my sandw iches......................... yesterday.

f Did you see th e m ............................?

g Did you te ll..........................about the contract?

h No, I didn't te ll...........................

i W ell,......................... knows about it.

j Did you tell Ia n .........................about your plans?

k No, I didn't tell h im ............................

1 Can I get y o u ............................ else?

Vocabulary

3 Label the objects using the words in the box. Then

write a sentence using each one.

a jug

a teapot

a coffee pot

a fork

a spoon

A.K.'-ri.’-P1 £.... b

a sandwich

a plate

a roll

a cup

a serviette

a knife S

a mug

With sugar.

Sugar is on the table.

Thanks.

And who is the tea for?

- That's right. So, whose is this one?

something/anything

2 Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the words in

the box.

s o m e th in g ^ anything someone anyone

som ebody anybody somewhere anywhere

e.g. I have

to tell you.

a Don't te ll........................... will you?

b I promise I w on't te ll...........................

c Are you going..........................at the weekend?

d No, I'm not planning to g o ...........................

vk& i C'O 'ultd I kAVfr A ?.

Drinks and snacks 53

Possessive pronouns

4 Complete the answers with a possessive pronoun.

e.g. Is that Rosa's bicycle?

I don't think it's her bicycle. It is n 't....

a Whose pencil is this?

It's my pencil. It's...........................

b Is this Mary's briefcase?

No, it's Anna's briefcase. It's ...........................

c Is that your car?

No, it belongs to the company. It's......................

d Are these your coffees?

Yes, they are. T hey're...........................

e Are these sandwiches for them?

Yes, these sandwiches a re ...........................

f Whose pen is this? Is it Peter Blake's?

No, it isn 't...........................It's mine.

one/ones

5 Write one or ones in the gaps.

e.g. This spoon is dirty. Here's a clean..... ...............

a Which biscuits would you like?

The chocolate.......................... please.

b Would you like a coffee?

Yes, a sm all.........................please.

c Did you eat all the sandwiches?

No, I left the cheese...........................

d W7hose is the coffee?

I don't know - th is .........................is mine.

e These are ham rolls - th e .........................on the

left are tuna fish with salad,

f Are those people in your team?

No, they are in Purchasing. T h e .........................

over there are all in my team,

g Which is your manager?

She's th e .........................near the door.

W hose...?

6 Write the questions, following the examples. Notice that there are two possible forms.

Whose coffee Wktfse- C.O'p-fW ijs "h/vis? Whose coffee \aJ(a.o.sg- i.£ "fU-us

Whose drinks ......................................................... ? Whose d rin k s............................................................. 7

Whose sandw iches................................................ ? Whose sandw iches.................................................... 7

Whose roll ............................................................... 7 Whose ro ll................................................................... 7

Whose change......................................................... ? Whose change ...........................................................

Whose pap ers......................................................... ? Whose papers............................................................. 7

Whose security p a ss.............................................. ? Whose security p ass.................................................. 7

Whose k e y s............................................................. ? Whose key s................................................................. 7

54 UNIT 19

UNIT 20

Eating out

Some useful phrases


Do you like fish?

fish steak chicken vegetarian food

I do not (don't) like steak very much.

I know a very good Chinese restaurant.

Indian Thai French Indonesian

Would you like to go there this evening?

Excuse me, can we have the menu, please?

Could you tell me what this is?

What do you recommend?

I will (I'll) have the beef,

the beef the pork

the veal the salmon

And we would (we'd) like a bottle of house red.

Enjoy your meal!

Cheers!

This food is cold.

I did not (didn't) order this.

I am (I'm) sorry, I'll change it.

Can I have the bill please?

Does the bill include service?

It includes tax at M \p e r cent, but not service.

The starter was better than the main course.

better worse cheaper more expensive

The dessert was not (wasn't) as good as the

main course.

Study notes

vegetarian food

You can also say: French food, Indian food, etc.

Excuse m e ...

Note that we use Excuse me ... to attract attention.

I w ill have th e beef.

the beef - the beef dish on the menu.

Compare this with: 7 don't like beef,

beef (without the) - beef in general.

Note also: steak, chicken, veal, lamb.


... a bottle of house red.

Other quantity expressions include:

a glass of wine a litre of wine a cup of coffee

house red is the standard red wine offered by a restaurant.

See the Reference Section 10.2 for details of countable and

uncountable nouns.

Enjoy your m eal! / Cheers!

These expressions are often used before eating and drinking.

... l l \ per c e n t ...

= seventeen and a half per cent. (% = per cent)

The starter ...

Notice the names of the courses:

starter/first course, main course, dessert/pudding.

... better than ...

The comparative forms of adjectives

Regular adjectives: cheap - cheaper; expensive - more expensive

Irregular adjectives: good - better; bad - worse


... w as not as good as ...

= worse than

Eating out 55

Practice

Booking a table and ordering a meal

1 Listen to the recording.

i Fill in the table booking.

ii Fill in what the diners order.

N am e:.............................

D ate:................................

N um ber:..................... ... Tim e:...............................

Tel:...............................

Starters:

Main courses:

Wine:

Comparatives

2 i Fill in the gaps with a comparative adjective.

com fortable fast cheap

tidy bad / small

good interesting expensive

e.g. The service w a s......................than I expected.

a Their production department is ...........than ours.

b He is a .....................typist than she is.

c Business class tickets a re ......................than Apex.

d This seat is .....................than that one.

e My assistant's desk is m u c h ................. than mine.

f The local wines a re ............than imported wines.

g His presentation w a s.....................than the one

he gave last year,

h - How about the Mayfair Restaurant?

- No, let's go to the Adelphi; the food is much

56 UNIT 20

ii Now rewrite the comparisons using as ... as.

e. g....Ike-. s e -ry 'tC-e- wfKStft. . p is. g'p o d ..............

....als X .eXpec-f & d ............................................

a .....................................................................................

b ................................................................................

c ...............................................................................

d .........................................................................................

e ................................................................................

f ................................................................................

g ...................................................................

h ...............................................................................

Quantity phrases

3 Complete the phrases using words from the box.

bottle box bunch can cup

glass / litre packet piece tin

e.g. A ..... of water.

a A .................... of coffee.

b A .................... of cake.

c A ..................... of coke.

d A ...................... ofwine.

e A ..................... of chocolates.

f A ..................... of petrol.

g A ..................... of flowers.

h A ..................... of biscuits.

Vocabulary

4 Identify the odd word out in these groups.

e.g. pork, beef, veal, chicken ......

a knife, plate, fork, spoon ........................

b prawns, crab, sausages, trout ........................

c potato, tomato, cucumber, ........................

lettuce

d duck, chicken, beef, turkey ........................

e juice, beer, wine, brandy

f starter, main course, dessert, tip ........................

g cooked, boiled, french fries, ........................

mashed

h cabbage, broccoli, green beans,........................

mushrooms

UNIT 21

Outings and sightseein

[ Some useful phrases


Have you been here before?

Yes, I have. No, I have not (haven't).

Have you ever been to Athens?

I haven't been there for many years.

I haven't been there since 2002.

Do you have any free time this afternoon?

Would you like to go for a drive round the city?

the city the village the area

Thanks. I would (I'd) enjoy that.

This is the most interesting part of town.

That building is more than 300 years old.

It is (It's) the oldest building in the town,

oldest most beautiful most unusual

That is (That's) the new leisure centre,

leisure centre town hall

church shopping centre

It's the most modern building here.

I have (I've) got some tickets for the opera,

the opera the cinema

the theatre a football match

Would you like to come?

Study notes

Have you been here before?

Compare the Present Perfect tense ...

Have you ever been to Athens?

Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

... with the Simple Past tense

When did you go to Athens?

I went last year.

See also Reference Sections 2.5 and 2.7.

Have you ever been to A thens?

been to = visited

... for m any years.

... since 2002.

Compare:

I have been in this office since June.

I have been in this office for six months.


Would you like to go for a drive ...?

Notice also:

Would you like to go for a walk/a run?

... th e m ost interesting ...

... th e o ld e s t...

most interesting is the superlative form of interesting,

oldest is the superlative form of old.

See Reference Section 15.2 for superlative adjectives.

Outings and sightsee:ng 57

Practice

A visit to Riga

1 Listen to the recording and answer the questions,

a Has the visitor been to Riga before?

b Have things changed?

c

Has he spent any time in the other Baltic States?

d Does he have any free time this afternoon?

e What are they going to do?

f

W hen is she going to pick the visitor up?

Superlatives

2 Write superlatives (best, worst, etc.) and then

complete the sentences with information about

your company.

e.g. Our

V?r... (expensive) product is

The Present Perfect tense

3 Write examples using the table.

He (John)

She (Mary)

It

I

We

You

They (John

and Mary)

has

has not (hasn't)

have

have not (haven't)

been to ...

seen ...

worked in ...

visited ...

read ...

Has he (John)

she (Mary) been to ...?

it seen ...?

Have I worked in ...?

we visited ...?

you

they (John and Mary)

read ...?

e.g. I have not been to Athens.

Have you seen the new brochure?

a O u r............................................(cheap) product is

b O u r.......................................... (good) customer is

c O u r.......................................... (bad) competitor is

d O u r.......................................... (old) supplier is

e O u r.......................................... (big) market is

since and for

4 Complete the examples by adding since or for.

a I have been in this office ...............................June.

b They have been in R iga........................three days.

c She has been in E stonia.......................we opened

the office there.

d I haven't been to the Baltic S tates................... two

years.

e He has been in the m eetin g ........................10.30.

f I haven't visited our office in Moscow ..................

last year.

g I haven't been to the th e a tre .........................years.

h He has worked in Lithuania ..........................2004.

58 UNIT 21

UNIT 22

Starting a journey

Some useful phrases


Excuse me, which platform do l need

for Avignon?

is this the right platform for Avignon?

You need platform six.

Where can I check in?

Is this the right check-in for Tokyo?

Where is the check-in desk?

Can I see your ticket, please?

Can I see your passport, please?

Can I have an aisle seat?

an aisle seat a window seat

This is your boarding card.

I am (I'm) flying to Los Angeles.

Do I need to clear customs in Dallas?

No, you can clear customs in Los Angeles.

How many pieces of luggage do you have?

Just two pieces.

Is that your hand luggage?

Did you pack your cases yourself?

I think you are (you're) in the wrong seat.

This seat isA5.

I'm sorry.

No problem.

Study notes

... th e right platform for Avignon?

Compare:

the right platform the wrong seat

W here can I check in?

You can also say: Where is the check-in fo r ...?

The verb is to check in. The noun is a check-in.

... your t ic k e t ...

Check you also know' this vocabulary:

a return ticket a passport a boarding card

... an aisle seat

... a w in d ow seat

You could also ask for a seat:

with leg room near the exit

Do I need to clear custom s ...?

Notice the verb after need is in the infinitive (to clear).

Notice also that we clear customs.

H ow m any pieces of luggage ...?

We say many because pieces are countable.

Compare this with: How much luggage ...?

W'e say much because luggage is uncountable.


Did you pack your cases yourself?

yourself is a reflexive pronoun. Here it emphasises that you and

nobody else packed the cases.


Starting a journey 59

Practice

Right and wrong

1 Listen to the recording. Are the speakers in the right

place? Where are they?

a - Is she in the right queue for the Dallas flight?

- No, she's in the queue f o r ....................................

b - Is she at the right bus stop for the city

terminal?

- No, she's a t .............................................................

c - Is he on the right platform for the London

train?

- No, he's o n .............................................................

d - Is he in the right place to meet someone

arriving from Istanbul?

- No..............................................................................

0 0 0 ln

:B: (is a / & c i »

D elete R eply R eply A ll F orw ard C om pose M a ilb o xe s G et M all

Subject: Meeting point

Hello Ravi

I'll meet you at the information desk in the departure

hall. When you come in the main entrance, you'll see

some check-in desks on your left and two car rental

offices on your right. The first one is Hertz and the

second one is Avis. Next to Avis, there is a travel

insurance office. Walk past this office and turn right.

You'll see the information desk in front of you. I'll see

you there.

Regards

Taka

Arranging a meeting point

2 Read the email and label the plan of the airport

departure hall.

DEPARTURE

LO U N G E

Bank

Post Office

how much vs. how many

3 Complete the examples. '

e.g. We need some money.

How do ^piA ,-n ^ d ?.....

£500.

a - We need some more time.

- About two days,

b - We need to buy some envelopes.

D e p a rtu re Hall

M AIN

ENTRANCE

- About 500.

c - I need to know more.

- I need to know everything.

60 UNIT 22

d - I need to find a porter for my luggage.

VOCdbuldry

e -

I've got three suitcases and a box.

5 Write examples using one word from each box.

I w ant some stamps. e.g.......! W e ! (w e. W .M

- Let me check. d e p a rtu re / gate hand boarding air

^ j need some files. departure luggage flight inform ation seat

- Two or three.

T ,

g - I need some paper.

luggage belt tim e / attendant label

desk ticket hall / num ber pass/card

- A couple of sheets.

Short responses

to need (to) , . , u . ...

6 Match a-h with the responses l-vm .

Write sentences using need.

a How many spare —^ i Not at the moment.

e.g. I/not/your passport num ber/your credit card

seats are there?

num ber

X dow }t 'ne-e-d yrOiAr p a ssp o rt 'H'Mncber.

b Do you need your

coat?

Ii Which one do we

need?

X -ne-&d |joiAr c.r&dif c,{\rd -n1AvKb&r. c How much luggage iii Yes, I did.

have you got?

a I/not/find/arrivals hall/departures hall d Did you pack your — iv Not many.

bags yourself?

b She/not/a drink/some food

e This is the wrong v Just two pieces.

gate.

f Am I in your way? vi No, that's OK.

c I/not/speak to Mario/Helena g I think you're in vii An aisle seat, please

my seat.

h Would you like a viii I'm sorry.

d W e/not/stop over in Sao Paulo/Buenos Aires

window seat or an

aisle seat?

e You/not/go to/Gate 13/Gate 14

f

I/not/check in hand luggage/suitcase

g W e/not/know the gate num ber/departure time

h He/not/see your ticket/boarding card

Starting a journey 61

UNIT 23

Travelling

Some useful phrases


What time do we get into Hong Kong?

We are (We're) due in at five.

We expect to land in twenty minutes.

Are we on time?

When do you serve lunch?

in three-quarters of an hour.

in a quarter of an hour

in fifteen minutes

in half an hour

in thirty minutes

Is there a bus service to the centre?

Where can I catch the bus?

There is (There's) a bus stop outside the

terminal.

Just follow the signs.

How much is the fare?

Have you got this month's magazine?

Have you got today's newspaper?

I am (I'm) sorry we have not (haven't).

I will (I'll) try and find one for you.

Can I have a fruit juice, please?

How much is that?

It is (it's) three dollars.

Thank you.

Study notes

What tim e do w e get into H ong Kong?

Notice the use of get here. We could say:

What time do we arrive in Hong Kong?

... get in to Hong Kong?

Notice these prepositions:

We 're due in at five.

We expect to land in twenty minutes.

Are we on time?

... due in a t ...

We 're due in at five - We 're due to arrive at five.

We expect to land in tw en ty m inutes.

We can use the Simple Present tense for timetables

and arrangements.

When does the train leave? It leaves at two o 'clock.

Does the conference start tomorrow? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't.


In three-quarters of an hour.

Look at these periods of time:

quarter of an hour

half an hour

an hour and a quarter an hour and three-quarters

a day and a half

a week and a half

a year and a half

Have you g o t ...?

Have you got ...Pis common in UK English.

Do you have ... ? is more common in US English.


... this m onth's m agazine?

Note use of '5 in these examples:

today's paper

last year's figures

Tuesday's meeting


62 UNIT 23

Practice

In transit

1 Write a conversation between two passengers on a

plane, using the phrases in the two boxes. Then

listen, and compare.

e.g. A: I think that's my seat belt.

B: I'm sorry. This one must be mine.

P assen g erA

P assenger B

A re you going to O slo on And do you know w hen we

business?

are due in?

Have you been before? D o you know when they

H o w do you like it?

serve lunch?

1think th a t’s my seat belt. / Good. I’m very hungry.

1think w e re due in at I’m sorry.This one must be

7.30, in five hours. m in e ./

Q uite soon, 1think.

Very much. W h a t about you?

So am 1.

Yes, 1am. I’m going to a

Yes, 1love Norway.

conference.

Yes, many times.

The Simple Present for the future

2 Write sentences using the verbs in the box. Use each

verb once only.

open leave finish change

arrive start end close /

e.g. Their offices..................................^9.$$:............at 6.00.

a The conference.................................on Tuesday.

b The b a n k ........................ in half an hour.

c The flight from D ubai.................................at 3.30.

d The m eeting.................................at 5.30.

e The next tra in ................................in ten minutes.

f

The tim etable.................................on Saturday.

g W e.................................production next week.

Periods o f time

3 Read the statements and write down how late or

early the travellers are going to be.

e.g. We're due in at 5.00, but we expect to be in at

5.30.

We- Ve- (go\to. be-.. (a.0.1 £ (A-n. Wow / ........

SO yîwlAt&S e- ..........................................

a We're due to arrive at 5.00, but we expect to be

there at 5.15.

b According to the timetable we should be there at

5.00, but we expect to land at 5.10.

c

It says here we're due in at 4.00, but I don't think

we'll be there till 5.30.

d The plane is delayed. It's now due in at 3.30, not

1.30 as in the timetable.

e Flying conditions are excellent. Our estimated

time of arrival is eight o'clock, not 8.30.

Possessive -s

4 Write questions using the prompts.

e.g. . wM .got todoi^’s . yi&wspacers?

(today/French/newspapers)

a .......................................................................................

(yesterday/Japanese/newspapers)

b .......................................................................................

(this week/timetable)

c .......................................................................................

(tomorrow/flight times)

d .......................................................................................

(Tuesday/copy of The Times)

e .......................................................................................

(last week/sales figures)

Travelling 63

UNIT 24

Arriving and meeting contacts

Some useful phrases


Hello, it is (it's) good to see you again.

Did you have a good journey?

Yes, very good, thanks.

How was the journey?

it was not (wasn't) very good.

The flight was delayed.

The plane was late.

We were getting worried about you.

How was the weather when you left?

It was beautiful.

very nice terrible awful

It was 20° (twenty degrees).

It was snowing.

The sun was shining,

was it raining when you left?

Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.

My car is just over there.

Can l take your luggage?

Shall we go through your programme?

programme timetable

itinerary schedule

We had to make some changes.

Your first appointment is now at ten o'clock.

That suits me.

Study notes

We w ere getting w orried .

getting = becoming

H ow w as th e w eather ...?

Talking about the weather:

It was (very) hot/cold.

It was win dy/foggy/sunny.

The sun was shining.

It was (very) wet/dry.

It was raining/snowing.

It w as 20° (tw en ty degrees)

Talking about the temperature:

It was 20°C (twenty degrees centigrade/Celsius).

It was 70°F (seventy degrees Fahrenheit).

Fahrenheit is the standard tem perature m easure in the USA.

0°C = 32°F

It w as snow ing.

Note the examples of the Past Continuous tense:

The sun was shining. Was it raining when you left?

Were you getting worried?

Yes, we were. / No, we were not (weren 't).


Shall w e ... ?

Shall is often used for suggestions:

Shall I call you tomorrow? Shall we have a coffee?

... go through ...

= read/look at/consider

... your program m e?

This is UK English. US English = program

That suits m e.

= That fits my plans.

64 UNIT 24

Practice

Meeting someone at the airport

1 Listen to the dialogue and mark the statements true

T l or false [p] or unclear [lA].

a Jane Riga and Ed Meeks have met before. □ d

b Ed Meeks had a good flight.

c

The flight was delayed because of the

weather conditions.

d They are going to have dinner in the hotel.

e Jane Riga's car is in the car park.

n

□

□

□

b

c

e

f

g

Past Continuous tense

2 Complete the dialogue. Use verbs in the Past

Continuous tense (I was doing, etc.).

A: W hat a ........................(do) when I called this

morning? I couldn't get through.

B: I b ........................(have) a meeting with some

people from our New York sales office. They

c ........................(tell) me about business in the

States.

A: Interesting. I heard you were in New York last

week. What d ........................(do) there?

B: I e ........................(visit) a new customer. It was

an interesting trip.

A: W hat was the w'eather like?

B: It was terrible. It f ........................(rain) when I

arrived, and it g ........................(snow) when I

left! The tem perature was only 3°C.

Past Continuous vs. Simple Past

Make sentences using the Past Continuous (I was

doing) or the Simple Past (Idid). All the sentences

should refer to the visit to the Australian agent in

the example.

e.g. I/visit/our Australian agent last week.

X viS.itzd.oiAr Ai

He/live/in a first class hotel.

h

Weather vocabulary

4 Think about the weather - now, when you were

abroad, in your key markets, etc. Then write true

statements using the words in the box.

rain / su n n y / cold foggy

snow freezing sun w arm

fog cloudy w in d y h o t

e.g......X . .fk'.H-K. ).1 ^j9). . .t?.. ..........

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

Arriving and meeting contacts 65

shall fo r s u g g e s t io n s

5 Write the responses using shall.

U p d a tin g a p ro g ra m m e

6 Read the dialogue and update the programme.

have a d rin k / go hom e open th e w in d o w

upgrade th e m take th e lift call th e waitress

buy one take a ta xi have a cup o f coffee

Programme: Thursday

09.00 V isit to D M B (su p p liers)

e.g. I'm thirsty.

S fo jJ tl.

iA .m . fs. .die. i .'hk.?.................................

12.00 Lunch w ith Tod Small (p ro d u c tio n m anager)

14.00 V isit to R e e f L a b o ra to rie s

20.00 D in n e r at th e R am ada H o te l

a It's getting late.

b I need some fresh air.

c I need a break.

d We need a new dictionary for the office.

e It's raining.

f These PCs are very old.

g I'm ready to order.

h I don't want to walk up the stairs.

A: Your first appointment is at 8.30, not nine

o'clock. The production manager at DMB has to

leave at half past, so we changed your

appointment.

B: Yes, that's fine. Am I still having lunch with him?

What's his name?

A: Tod Small. No, he's cancelled. Tod's very busy at

the moment but he's joining us for dinner, and

dinner will be at the Olympic Hotel, not the

Ramada. It's at eight, as in your programme.

B: OK, so I'm free at lunch time today. W hat about

the visit to Reef Laboratories?

A: That's now at three o'clock.

B: That suits me better.

66 UNIT 24

UNIT 25

Gifts and saying thank you

A

Some useful phrases


Many thanks for showing me round.

It is (It's) my pleasure.

You are (you're) welcome.

I enjoyed it very much.

So did I.

I am (I'm) afraid I did not (didn't) enjoy it

(very much).

Neither did I.

Thank yo u ...

... for everything.

...fo r looking after us.

w e had a very good time.

Please pass on my thanks.

Say 'thank you' to Mary.

Thank you for coming.

We enjoyed having you.

We hope you will come and visit us again.

We look forward to seeing you again soon.

Please accept this gift from all of us.

I hope you like it.

This is for you.

It's wonderful. Thank you.

Thank you very much indeed.

It's very kind of you.

What a surprise!

Study notes

M any thanks for show ing m e round.

When a verb {show) stands after a preposition (for), the verb

is in the -ing form:

Thank you for coming. We look forward to seeing you again.

They are good at organising meetings.

So did I.

You can also say: I did too.

Ways of agreeing include:

I enjoyed the visit. —►So did 1.11 did too.

I like Paris. —►So do I. i I do too.

We are going back tomorrow. —►So are we. / We are too.


N either did I.

You can also say: Nor do I or I didn't either.

Ways of agreeing include:

I didn't enjoy the visit. —►Neither did I. / Nor did 1.11 didn't either.

1 don't like business trips. —►Neither do I. / Nor do 1.11 don't either.

They aren't enjoying it. —►Neither are we. / Nor are we. / We aren't either.


We enjoyed having you.

- having you here/you being here.

Notice that the verb that follows verbs like to enjoy, to love, to hate,

to like, to dislike is often in the -ing form.

I like arranging trips for our visitors.

I love organising people.

I hate writing reports.

Thank you very m uch indeed.

We use indeed to add emphasis.

Gifts and saying thank you 67

Practice

Gifts and thanks

1 Complete the dialogues, then compare what you

have written with the recording.

D ialogue 1: Giving gifts

A: a .....................................

B: Thank you very much. It's beautiful, but can I

ask what it is?

A: Yes, of course. It's a corkscrew.

B: It's very unusual, b .....................................And

now there's something I would like to give you.

D ialogue 2: A fter a sports even t

A: That was a great match, c ...................................it.

B: So did I. You must tell me when you're coming

next time and I'll get some more tickets.

A: Thanks, I'll d ...................................to that.

B: Can I give you a lift back to your hotel?

A: Thanks.

D ialogue 3: Arriving at a party

A: Come in. Thank you for coming.

B: Well, thank you for e .....................................These

are for you. I hope you like Belgian chocolates.

A: I love them. Thank you very much,

f ...................................your coat.

B: Thank you.

D ialogue 4: After a dinner party

A: Thank you very m uch for g ...................................

this evening. I've really enjoyed it.

B: It was our pleasure.

A: And next time you are in Birmingham, you must

come and have dinner with us.

B: Thank you. we'll h ...................................to that.

so/neither (nor)

2 Respond to the statements with So ... or Neither .

N or....

e.g. I play a lot of golf. .....

a I often give pens as presents...............................

b I spend a lot of time in London..........................

c I've never been to India. .......................

d I don't like flying. .......................

e I hate saying goodbye. .......................

f I'm going to retire next year...............................

g I usually drive to work. .......................

h I don't often have lunch out..............................

Short responses

3 Match the statements with the responses.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

J

i

ii

iii

iv

v

vi

vii

viii

ix

x

We don't do m uch business in the States.

Thank you for organising everything.

We had a very good time.

Everything went very well.

I really enjoyed the trip to Versace.

I've never been there before.

Please accept this from us all.

Can I open it?

Please pass on my thanks.

I don't like goodbyes.

Nor have I.

It did.

Yes, of course.

Neither do I.

Not at all.

I will.

We don't either.

Thank you very much.

So did we.

I did too.

m

□ 68 UNIT 25

Verb + -ing


e.g. . ff.PM .£or skew i . _1AS roitoid........

X worj<i wi -fk ....

M|j;. b o s s . kaf;e-s. worJ< e-. ........................

.M'ft a s s i s t i s . . ^ - o o d . a f dejilj.-ng............

wi'f'k s.

Thank you for

xMany thanks for

I/We (really) enjoyed

I/We (very much) appreciated

I/We look forward to

My boss like/loves/hates

My boss doesn't like

My assistant likes/loves/hates

My assistant doesn't like

My boss is (not) good at/bad at

My assistant is good at/bad at

Thanks for a gift

showing us round,

looking after us.

meeting your team,

working with you.

having your input,

seeing you again,

taking us to the airport,

organising everything,

your kindness and

hospitality.

working late,

doing the filing,

writing reports,

dealing with emails,

dealing with people,

organising meetings,

travelling on business,

filling in expense claims,

planning and organising.

5 Organise these sentences into a thank you message.

Dear

Kind regards.

subject: Thanks

Please say 'hello' to Mary.

Thank you for the wonderful gift.

We hope you had a good flight back.

I very m uch enjoyed having you here.

We look forward to seeing you again soon.

It was greatly appreciated by everyone at this end.

Please don't forget to send us the new specification.

It was useful to have your input - particularly to the

MXD project.

Thanks for hospitality

6 Use the verbs in the box to complete this email

message. Then think about hospitality you have

received and write a similar message.

appreciated felt k n o w looking

m ade m e et see send

thank S was w e re w o rk

e o e In CD

©

D eleie

B

j

Reply

i .....

R eply A ll

subject: Visit to Rome

Dear Dimitri

H . /

Forw ard C o m p o se

p

k

M a ilb o xe s

you fo r..................... after us w hen we

..................... in Rome. We very m u c h ......................

your kindness and hospitality.

.

1___ j »

G et M ail

I ..................... w e ...................... good progress. It

..................... good t o .......................your team, and to

..................... how thin g s.......................at your end. Let

m e ..................... how ULK respond. I w ill.......................

you a copy of my report w hen it is ready.

Again many thanks.

Best regards

Ivana

Gifts and saying thank you 69

UNIT 26

Checking facilities and information

Some useful phrases


Can I use your phone?

Is there a phone I can use?

a fax machine

a computer

a scanner

a projector

What kind of system have you got?

Could I borrow a video recorder?

an extension lead a flipchart

Which one can I use?

Could you lend me your pen?

pen hole punch stapler

Yes, of course.

Sorry, I need it at the moment.

Is there a room free?

Is there a room available?

Is there a room I could use?

Is there a place I could work?

have a meeting do some copying

Could you do something for me?

Could you do some typing for me?

Could you do it for me?

Could you have a look at my computer?

There is (There's) something wrong with it.

Study notes

projector

= a digital projector (beamer)

Some office equipment:

a printer a copier a shredder

What k ind of system ... ?

Notice you can use:

What system have you got?

What kind of system do you have?


What have you got?

What sort of system do you have?

Could I borrow ... ?

Note the difference between lend and borrow.

Could I borrow your pen? (I borrow it from you.)

Could you lend me €.10? (you lend the m oney to me.)

W hich on e can I ... ?

Notice we can say:

Which can I use? Which phone can I use? Which one can I use?


Is th ere a room free?

= Is there a room that is free?

Is there a room available?

= Is there a room that is available?

Could you have a look ...?

Have a look = look

There is som ething w rong w ith ...

Notice the preposition with:

There is something wrong with this printer.

What is wrong with the projector?

70 UNIT 26

Practice

Asking about facilities

1 Listen to different people asking about facilities and

equipment. Indicate with a tick / which facilities

are available now, which are available later and

which are not available.

Conference phone

IT Support

Meeting room

Copying

Use of a stapler

Staff security pass

which, what, etc.

Available

now

Available

later

Not

available

2 Complete the dialogue with which, what or who.

A = Sales Account Manager

B = Office Manager

A: Can I borrow one of the beamers for my

presentation on Tuesday?

B: Yes, that's no problem, a .........................time is the

presentation?

A: It's at three o'clock.

B: b ......................room are you going to be in?

A: I haven't booked it yet. c ......................rooms are

free?

B: d ..................... kind of presentation is it?

e ......................are you giving it to?

A: I'm giving it to a small group from Whyco

Chemicals.

B: Rooms 7 or 8 are free, f ..........................would you

prefer?

A: I'll use 7. By the way, there's something wrong

with my laptop. Could someone have a look at it?

B: g ............. ....... kind of laptop have you got?

A: It's an IBIS.

B: h ......................................model is it?

A: The 9000.

B: And i ......................is wrong with it?

Requests

3 Write questions with could, using the prompts.

e.g. (type/this/me)

C ould W M S .1fo r vk& ? ....................

a

(send/'ihis fax/Mehmet)

Could yr01A s&yid tkis £ vl)( f.o . ?

(call/Boris/me)

b (deliver/sample/Anna)

c

(give this/Igor/me)

d (do something/Max)

e

f

(check the facilities/us)

(do some photocopying/the Service Manager)

g (talk to/Jane/m e)

h (get some coffee/the visitors)

Facilities

4 Write the requests using the words in the box.

c o p ie r / fax m achine ro o m

som ew he re video cam era beam er

som eone

e.g. I need to do some photocopying.

.............................................................. i could use.

a I need to do some typing.

.................................................. I could ask for help?

b I need to talk to some visitors.

.................................................................I could use?

Checking facilities and information 71

c I need to record a sales presentation.

..........................................................I could borrow?

d I need to send a fax.

.................................................................I could use?

e I need some background information.

........................................................... I could log on?

f I need to show these photographs.

.................................................................I could use?

borrow and lend

5 Complete the sentences with borrow, lend or use.

Sometimes there is more than one possibility.

a Could I .......................some things for this

afternoon?

b Could y o u .......................me some things for the

afternoon?

c Is there a photocopier I could.......................?

d Can I .......................your pen?

e You c a n ......................... my car if you like.

f I need t o .............................a laptop for my

presentation.

g I'll................... you mine, but please bring it back.

h If y o u ...................... my hole punch, please give it

back to me.

Office equipment

6 A project team leader (PTL) is setting up an office for

a new project. She is talking to the office manager

(OM).

i Read the dialogue and tick / the equipm ent the

project team leader asks for.

ii Think of one of your projects. Tick the

equipment you had.

OM: I'll check if there's a machine available.

PTL: And we'll need a beamer.

OM: Let me check that. I'll get back to you.

PTL: OK. And we will need the basics of course -

staplers, hole punch, scissors ...

OiVL: They're no problem.

PTL: Oh, we'll need a conference phone.

OM: OK - I'll see if one is available.

PTL: And w'e'll need a shredder.

The basics

Calculator

Hole punch

Mouse mat

Scissors

Staplers

Post-it holder

Sticky tape holder

Other equipm ent

Beamer/Projector

Conference phone

Copier

Desktop computer

Flipchart

Fax machine

Laptop docking station

Printer

Scanner

Screen

Shredder

Video camera

W hiteboard

Project

team leader

You

OM: How many desktop computers do you need?

PTL: Four - and they need to be networked to the

system.

OM: That's no problem.

PTL: And we will need copying and printing

facilities in the room.

OM: OK. Do you need fax facilities?

PTL: Yes, we do.

72 UNIT 26

I

UNIT 27

Shopping

Some useful phrases


Can you help me?

I am (I'm) looking for a present...

... for my wife.

...fo r my husband.

... for a six year-old child.

My son is six years old.

Have you got any ideas?

I like this. How much is it?

How much are the shirts?

They are (They're) $55 each.

Do you have any in a size 42?

What is (What's) that in a European size?

Have you got any in blue?

Can I try it on?

It fits me. It suits me.

It does not (doesn't) fit me.

Have you got a bigger size?

This one might be better.

That one may fit better.

I will (I'll) take it.

How would you like to pay?

Can I pay by credit card?

Do you accept American Express?

Sign here, please.

Could you wrap it for me, please?

Study notes

... a six year-old child.

You can say:

My child is six years old - 1 have a six year-old child.

He is 35 years old = He is a 35 year-old man.

Our baby is three months old. - We have a three month-old baby.

Sometimes words that often stand together are hyphenated

(joined by a short line). Usually the hyphen can be omitted,

e.g. a six year-old child or a six year old child.

They are $55 each.

See Reference Section 20.10 for currencies.

Do you have any in size 42?

You can say:

What is that in a European size?

What is that in an American size?

See Reference Section 20.17 for clothing sizes.

Can I try it on?

You can say:

Can I try this jacket on?

Can I try on this jacket?

Can I try it on?

You can't say:

Can I try on it?

This one m ight be better.

That one m ay fit better.

You can use may and might to talk about possibility.

It is going to rain, (we are sure)

It may rain, (we are not sure)


Can I pay by credit card?

We can also pay:

in cash in dollars by (travellers) cheque

Shopping 73

Practice

Buying presents

1 Listen to the recording. Then match the children

with the presents and the prices.

a Five year-old son c A T-shirt e 320 roubles

Shopping and payment

3 Choose the right words from the box to fill the gaps.

suit try size fitting room receipt

accept fit pay / sale sign

b Eight year-old

daughter

d A toy car

f 150 roubles

e.g. Can I ..... P - ff......by credit card?

might/may

2 Complete the sentences. Use might or may and the

comparative form of one of the adjectives in the

box.

expensive

convenient /

g ood

interesting

bad

fast

e.g. The earlier flight...... ....................be

co m fo rta b le

. Let's take that one.

a This jack et.........................be a ..........................fit.

Can I try it on?

b The other p u b .......................... be even

.......................... than this one. Let's stay here.

c The shops in the cen tre.......................... be

............................ Let's buy the presents here. I'm

sure they will cost less,

d Let's go by train. I t .......................... be

e Try these shoes on. T hey.......................... be

f This book is very boring. This o n e ..............

b e ............................

g This T-shirt.......................... fit......................

h Try a blue one - i t .......................... suit you

a Do y o u ....................American Express?

b Can I have a .................... , please?

c Have you got this in a .................... 40, please?

d Are these shirts in th e ....................?

e Could y o u .......................the cheque, please.

f Can I ....................them on?

g W here is th e ................................................... ?

h These are too small. They d o n 't....................me.

i I don't like this colour. It d o esn 't....................me.

Ages and lengths

4 Rewrite the examples as shown,

e.g. A son of tw elve... A.;tyye£v

a A daughter of four.

b A father of forty-nine.

c A colleague of twenty-six.

d A boss of thirty-seven.

e A phone call of fifteen minutes.

f A business trip of ten days.

g A contract of two years.

h A taxi ride of twenty minutes.

74 UNIT 27

UNIT 28

Your colleagues

Some useful phrases


What does your boss look like?

Which is he?

He is (He's) the tall one with glasses.

He has (He's) got black hair.

He is (He's) wearing a grey suit.

How long has he been with the company?

He has (He's) been with the company for ten

years.

Eva has been with us since last month.

She joined the department three weeks ago.

She is (She's) on the admin side.

Tom works in production.

What is (What's) he like?

He is (He's) very nice.

I think Eva has two children.

I do not (don't) think Tom is married,

married single

separated divorced

is he divorced?

I think so.

I don't think so.

Study notes

H ow long has he been w ith th e com pany?

Note these examples of the Present Perfect tense:

He has been here for three years. She has lived in Paris since June.

Has she worked in the States? Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.


... for ten years.

... since last m onth.

Use for with periods of time, and since with days, dates and times:

for five minutes/three days/two weeks

since 3 o 'clock/Monday/July


... three w eeks ago.

Ago stands at the end of the sentence. It is used with the Past tense

- never the Present Perfect.


She joined the department three weeks ago.

He left school ten years ago.

... adm in side.

= administrative side

What is he like?

Talking about the person, not the looks.

He is a good boss. She is very nice. He is very’ interesting.

I don't think Tom is married.

Notice that we say:

I don't think he's married. (not I think he is not married.)

I don't think she has children. (not I think she doesn't have children.)

I think so. / 1 don't think so.

- Is he divorced?

- 1 think so. (= I think he's divorced.)

- Is she married?

- 1 don't think so. (- I don't think she's married.)

Your colleagues 75

Practice

Giving personal details

1 Listen to the recording and answer the questions

with I think so or I don't think so.

Dialogue

3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words in

the box.

a Does her boss wear glasses?

ago

been

d o n ’t

b Is he more than 35?

fo r

s h o rt

hair

w ith

m arrie d

w hich /

c Has he been with the company for six years?

d Is he married?

e Has he got any children?

f

Does he live in a house near the airport?

Describing people

2 Rewrite these sentences.

e.g. (He's a young man. He has a moustache.)

Hft’s (\ 'ôiA'ng w itk t\

a

(She's an attractive woman. She's has long

brown hair.)

b (He's a tall man. He's wearing a grey jacket.)

c

(She's a short woman. She's wearing a red dress.)

d (She's a blonde woman. She's has glasses.)

e (He's a bald man. He's got a beard.)

f

(She's a middle-aged woman. She's got grey

hair.)

A: a .....one is your new assistant?

B: He's the b ......................one c .......................

glasses. He's got black d ........................

A: How long has he e ......................with your

company?

B: He's been with us f .....................three years now.

A: Why do you say he's new?

B: Because he joined my department about thirteen

days g ........................

A: Is he h ......................?

B: Yes, I think so, but I i ......................think he has

any children.

Past tenses

4 Write the questions for these answers.

\aJIa.e-'H d id VrOM l&M e- sc,Wool7

....................•'r a s B ..................... ........ ¥

I left school eleven years ago.

How k/xve. ^ jO lA J V K firr i& d ?

I've been married for eighteen months.

He's been in his job for four years.

She went to college six years ago.

I've been here for 20 minutes.

g

(He's a fat man. He's got curly hair.)

He joined the department five m onths ago.

She's been with the company for many years.

76 UNIT 28

UNIT 29

Your office building

Some useful phrases


Good morning, my name is Nancy Lee.

I have an appointment with Mr Irwin.

Could you sign in, please?

If you take the lift to the second floor, they will

(they'll) meet you.

This is your security pass.

I am (I'm) looking for the training department,

is this the way to the advertising department?

Can you tell me if the boardroom is on

this floor?

When you come out of the lift, turn right.

It is (It's) at the end of the corridor, on the left.

It's the last door on the right.

There is (there's) a card swipe on the left of

the door.

Press the green button.

How far is it?

It's not far.

It's a long way.

You are (You're) on the wrong floor.

It is not (isn't) this way.

I do not (don't) know where it is.

I am (I'm) not sure if it's on the third floor or

the fourth.

Where is (Where's) the lift?

Where are the stairs?

They are (They're) over there.

Study notes

Could you sign in, please?

Sign in = sign the visitor's book

Can you tell m e if th e boardroom is on this floor?

Look at these indirect or embedded questions:

Where is it?

Do you know where it is?

Is it in this building?

Can you tell me if it is in this building?

See also Reference Section 14.2 for more examples.

W hen you com e ou t of th e l i f t ...

Notice these prepositions of direction:

[ > - e m i / h c P

out of into up to down to on to back to


... at th e end of the corridor ...

Notice these examples of at:

at the bus stop at the airport at the station

at home at work at school

Notice these prepositions of place:

•

□

0 0

□

•

in on above below

□ • Q □ .

under by near

See Reference Section 17.2 for prepositions of place.

H ow far is it? It's not far.

Notice these examples:

It's a long way. (affirmative)

Is it far? / Is it a long way? (interrogative)

It isn 'tfar. / It isn't a long way. (negative)

We don't use far in the affirmative.

Your office building 77

Practice

Directions in a building

1 Listen and fill in the gaps in the dialogue.

A: Excuse me, is this the right a ........................for

the training department?

B: I'm afraid you're on the b ........................floor.

A: c ........................floor do I need?

B: I'm not sure d ........................it is. I think it's

e ........................the boardroom. Take the lift

f ........................ the third floor. W hen you come

g ........................the lift, turn left. It's

h .........................................................the corridor, i ............. the

right.

far, a long way, etc.

2 Fill in the gaps in these examples using far or

a long way.

e.g. - How .T&K. is it to the service department?

- It's not .rf'fl-r.; it's just down here on the right.

indirect/embedded questions

3 Rewrite the questions.

e.g. W here is it?

is?

a Which floor is it on?

I wonder if you can tell m e .................................?

b Is this the right floor?

Can I check...............................................................?

c W hen does it open?

Do you k n o w .................................?

d

How far is it?

Can you tell m e ..............................?

e W here is the lift?

Have you any id ea.................................?

f

Is it on the left or the right?

Do you k n o w .................................?

g Is this the quickest way?

Can you tell m e .................................?

a - Is Meeting Room 3 .................... from here?

- No, it's n o t....................; it's just at the end of

the corridor.

b The cafeteria is n 't....................from the reception

area.

c

It's....................from here to the boardroom - it's

on the 27th floor.

d It is n 't....................from here to the railway

station.

e - Is i t .................... to Addis Ababa?

- Yes, it is.

f

- Is i t ...................... from Cape Town to Tunis?

- Yes, it's a long way.

g - Is Nairobi....................from Rabat?

- Yes, it is.

h - H ow .......................is Tripoli from Kinshasa?

- It's ......................

Prepositions

4 Complete the directions below.

a G o j.W.fp...... the building.

b W alk....................the reception a re a .....................

the lift.

c Take the lift.....................the second floor.

d W hen you com e....................... the lift, turn right.

e W alk....................the end of the corridor.

f Turn right and g o .....................the medical unit.

g It's the first.....................your right.

h W alk....................the lift.

i Take the lift....................the first floor.

j G o.....................the corridor a n d ........................the

room opposite. That's the managing director's

office.

78 UNIT 29

UNIT 30

How things work

Some useful phrases


How do you start the video camera?

I do not (don't) know how it works.

Do you know how to use it?

First, switch it on.

Then press the button to start it.

To start it press the green button.

Shall I show you?

You plug it in like this.

You switch it on like this.

You start it like this.

it is not (isn't) working.

I think the battery is flat.

I think the paper is jammed.

Does it usually stop like that?

Does it normally make that noise?

Where are the instructions?

What does it say?

It says, 'If it does not (doesn't) w o rk..

... check that it is (it's) plugged in.'

... check that it's switched on.'

... call Technical Support.'

Thanks for your help.

Study notes

I do n ot k n ow h o w it w orks.

Look at these examples with knowhow.

Do you know how to use it?

Do you know how to type?

I don't know how to drive.

First, sw itch it on.

We often use these verbs with electrical equipment:

it is on it is off

turn on turn off

switch on switch off

Then press th e button to start it.

to start it = in order to start it

... plug it in

... sw itch it on

These are phrasal verbs. You can say:

Plug in the copier.

Plug the copier in.

Plug it in.

But you can't say:

Plug in it.

Switch on the copier.

Switch the copier on.

Switch it on.

Switch on it.

See also Reference Section 8.

D oes it usually stop like that?

D oes it norm ally m ake that noise?

Look at these adverbs of frequency:

normally always sometimes often


... it is plugged in

... it's sw itched on

Note the examples of the Simple Passive:

The paper is jammed.

Is the machine plugged in?


never

How things work 79

Practice

Trouble shooting

1 Listen and mark the statements true [T], talse

don't know [_7J.

a She knows how to use the machine,

b She can't find the instructions,

c The machine is plugged in.

d The machine is switched on.

e The instructions are in English,

f

He has read the instructions,

g He has used the machine before,

or

□ n

□

n

h There is something wrong with the machine. El!

The Simple Passive

2 Rewrite the examples in the passive.

e.g. You do it like this.

I f dong'lijte' fhj.S.r....................................

You don't do it like that.

X f . i d o i t e Jtifc&flMif'r.........................

a You don't start it like that,

b Do you plug it in here?

c You don't clean the screen like that,

d How do you open the windows?

e Do you open them like this?

f

You change the batteries like this,

g You don't switch it on like that,

h You shut it like this.

Adverbs o f frequency

3 Rewrite these sentences.

e.g. Does it make a noise like that?

(normally) ....... .

a It doesn't stop like that.

(usually) ..............................................

b He doesn't wrork in the evening.

(often) .................................................

c Are they late?

(always) ..............................................

d Does he visit the gym?

(ever) ...................................................

e Do you travel first class?

(som etim es)........................................

f I've met the MD.

(never) ................................................

g Have you been in this department?

(always) ..............................................

Phrasal verbs

4 Write the responses.

e.g. The video recorder is plugged in.

Ho w .. d id .^.p.m . p .h ig .. i . t . i.-y-.?.......

a The copier is switched on.

H ow ...................................................

b The lights are switched off.

W h e n ........................................................................ ?

c The fax machine is turned on.

H ow ...........................................................................?

d The computers are turned off.

Why ..........................................................................?

e The machine is plugged in.

W h ere....................................................................... ?

f The TV is switched off.

W h e n ........................................................................?

80 UNIT 30

UNIT 31

Requesting information

Some useful phrases


Could I have some information on

filing cabinets?

I have your brochure here.

Could you give me the reference number,

please?

model number catalogue number

How big is it?

It is (It's) available in three sizes - large, medium

and small.

It's one metre twenty by ninety centimetres.

What colour is it?

What is it made of?

It's available in blue or red.

It comes in wood or metal,

blue red green

wood metal plastic

I would (I'd) like to order a large blue one.

Are they in stock?

When can you deliver?

Delivery takes three days.

Can we order online?

Go to our website.

The address is offquip dot com.

Click on 'buy online'.

Thanks, I will (I'll) get back to you.

Study notes

Could I have som e inform ation on ... ?

Requesting information:

Could I have some information ...?

Can I have some information ...?

Is it possible to have some information ...?


It's one m etre tw en ty by n in ety centim etres.

Measurements:

90cm - ninety centimetres

1.6m = one point six metres (one metre and sixty centimetres)

2.25m = two and a quarter metres; two metres and twenty-five centimetres

In many English-speaking countries, people use imperial

measurements.

inch - inches ( lin - 25.4mm)

yard-yards ( ly d - 91cm)

mile - miles ( lm - 1.609km)

Note the spelling differences:

centimetre (UK) centimeter (US)

metre (UK) meter (US)

kilometre (UI<) kilometer (US)

See Reference Section 20.9 for m easurements.

It's available in blue or red.

Notice the preposition in.

It comes in wood or metal.

... a large blue one.

Notice the order of adjectives: size, colour, composition.

A large white metal chair.


Requesting information 81

Practice

A sales enquiry

1 Listen to the recording and fill in the order form.

O rder form

Product: ....................................................

No. ordered: ....................................................

Model no.: ....................................................

Size: ....................................................

Colour: ....................................................

M aterial: ....................................................

Measurements and dimensions

2 Write the numbers in words, as shown.

e.g. 2.75m .... t.Wp ppi

f Se-Ve.-n -f iV£.VK&tr&s......

tw o y ^ tr e -S ' sey& itt^~-£iye:.............

tw o

tkr&&-QMt\rt&r Y^&tre-s

1.25m a .................................................................

b ....................................................................

c ....................................................................

6.5kg d ..........................................................

e .....................................................................

1.75km f ....................................................................

g ....................................................................

h .....................................................................

1.2m x 37.6cm i ............................................................

7.1cm x 4.8cm x 12.6cm j ...........................................

Adjectives

3 i Complete the sets, using the words in the box.

awful large / expensive e xtra large

green m etal m odel (n um ber) nylon

o u t o f stock

te rrific

e.g. small

a medium

b blue

c wood/wooden

d cotton

e good

f bad

g cheap

h in stock

i catalogue

(number)

ii Now write descriptions of these products, using

the adjectives above.

e.g. a ......................... '^.°pder'ifi desk

standard ..... .................

large .......................

yellow .......................

plastic .......................

wool/woollen .......................

nice .......................

nasty .......................

reasonable .......................

discontinued .......................

invoice (number) .......................

a a /a n ......................................... hole punch

b a /a n ......................................... pen

c a /a n ......................................... filing cabinet

d a /a n .....................................................................chair

e a /a n ......................................................................shirt

82 UNIT 31

Questions

4 Complete the questions in the dialogue using the

phrases in the box.

do you have them in give me some inform ation /

how much is

they available in

is it made o f

w hat kind o f w ood

is there

how big is

w hen could you

A: Can you 9.V-..........

on your New World office desks, please?

B: Certainly. What would you like to know?

A: Are a ................................................ different sizes?

B: Yes, they come in two sizes - standard and large.

A: b .................................................................the large?

B: It's 75 centimetres by one metre thirty.

A: And what c ................................................................?

B: It comes in wood or melamine.

A: Do you know d ..........................................................?

B: It's pine.

A: And e ....................................... a choice of colours?

B: Yes - the pine version is available in green, blue

or natural. The melamine comes in black or

white.

A: f ..........................................................................stock?

B: Let me check. Yes, we do.

A: g .......................................................... the pine one?

B: The large version is £470.

A: And h ...........................................................deliver?

B: It normally takes about three days from when

you order.

A: OK, thanks. I'll get back to you.

Some office furniture

Revise office furniture and equipment by joining a

word from list A with a word from list B. Then

request information about the terms.

B

d e s k /

hole

swivel

bin

diary /

tra y

desk

m eeting

wall

cabinet

lamp

unit

d raw e r

rubbish

wall

chair

planner

unit

filing

shelf

clock

punch

e.g. - Could I have some information

diaries?

- What colour/size is your desk diary?

- Do you have that one in stock?

filing

storage

cupboard

table

Requesting information 83

UNIT 32

Staying in a hotel

Some useful phrases


I would (I'd) like a room.

I'd like to book a room.

to book to reserve

a single room a double room

a room with ...

... a balcony

... a sitting room

... a bathroom

Is it for tonight?

When is it for?

How many nights do you want the room for?

It is (It's) just for tonight.

It's for three nights.

I am (I'm) afraid we are (we're) full.

We have not (haven't) got any vacancies.

What a pity! How disappointing!

We are (We're) so busy at the moment.

It's such a busy time.

Do you have a reservation?

Would you like someone to take your bag?

No, thanks. I can carry it myself.

Can I book online?

Yes, you can make the reservation yourself.

Just go to our website and click on

'reservations'.

Study notes

bathroom

Compare bathroom (bath + room) with sitting-room (sitting +

room). Some compound (two-word) nouns are one word;

some are joined by a dash (-) and some are two words.


Check that you know the main room names and other areas:

sitting-room, living-room, dining-room, kitchen, hall, bedroom,

bathroom, toilet, stairs, landing.

What a pity! H ow disappointing!

Compare what and how in exclamations:

How expensive! What an expensive shop!

How generous! What a generous woman!


We are so busy at th e m om ent.

It's such a busy tim e.

Compare so and such.

It is so big. It is such a big place.

He is so nice. He is such a nice man.


I can carry it m yself.

Listen to these reflexive pronouns, which we can use for

emphasis:

I —►myself we —►ourselves

you —►yourself you —►yourselves

he —►himself they -+ themselves

she —* herself

it —►itself

e.g. He did it himself.

Notice the plural of self is selves.


84 UNIT 32

Practice

Booking a hotel room

1 Listen to the telephone booking, then fill in the gaps

in this email confirmation.

a o e

D elete

ijgj

R eply

H

R eply A ll

subject: a .......................

Dear Sir/Madam

Reflexive pronouns

2 Write replies in answer to the questions.

In

91 / &

Forw ard C om pose

M ailb oxe s

I am writing to confirm the telephone booking we

made earlier today. The booking is for b ...............

arriving c ........................ and departing d ...............

The booking is in the nam e of e ........................

Kind regards

Tina Patel

Asia Travel

e.g. Would you like someone to carry your bag?

(No, th an k s.) .N??;..f . . X.. M

° l

L ~ J »

G et M ail

.............................................................

a Would you like me to post your assistant's

letters?

(No, thanks.) ..........................................................

b Did someone park his car for him?

(N o.).........................................................................

c Would you like someone to clean Mrs Dahabi's

shoes?

(No, thanks.) ..........................................................

d Would you like someone to carry this luggage

upstairs for your party?

(No, thanks.) ..........................................................

e Would you like someone to wash your shirt?

(No, thank you.) ....................................................

how/what (a); so/such

3 Complete the exchanges using what, how, so or such.

e.g. - They're full.

- This is.... ................a busy time for hotels.

a - They don't accept travellers' cheques.

- .............................ridiculous!

b - The hotel hasn't got any vacancies.

- .............................a nuisance!

c - Why don't you stay at the Grand Hotel? It's

very good.

- Yes, but it's ............................. expensive.

d - I can't go to Paris next w'eek - we're too busy.

- .............................a pity!

e I don't know the name of our marketing director

because it's ............................. a big company.

f - We're full all next week.

- ............................. frustrating!

g - I always get lost - it's a big hotel.

- Yes, there a re ................. ........... many floors.

h - She gave the waiter €50.

- .......................... am azing!............................a tip!

Filling in a form for someone

4 Write down the questions you need to ask in order

to fill in this card for someone else.

Room no. Name Cash Lj

Cheque

Arrivai Credit card □

Departure

Voucher

A/C no.

M r______________________ Length o f stay

M rs _____________________ Number in p arty.

Miss____________________

M s_____________________

Address_________________ C ity_____________________

C o u n try________________ C ar registration number

Nationality______________ _______________________

Passport no._____________ W here issued.

Next destination .

(G ive address)

Signature_______

□

Staying in a hotel 85

UNIT 33

Bookins conference facilities

Some useful phrases


We are (We're) looking for a room for

a conference.

How many people is it for?

Between fifty and sixty.

I think Room A is too small.

I do not (don't) think it is (it's) big enough.

Have you got anything bigger?

bigger smaller cheaper

How big is Room B?

It's twenty metres long.

How wide is it?

It's fifteen metres wide.

When do you want it?

We want it on the 26th, all day.

We want it from 9 o'clock to 5 o'clock.

How much do you charge?

It's €2,000 a day.

We charge €500 per hour.

That includes refreshments.

Do you provide AV equipment?

a projector

Yes, we do.

a screen

No we don't.

Thanks, I would (I'd) like to book it.

Thanks, I will (i'll) get back to you.

Study notes

... too sm all.

Note that too stands before small.


... big enough.

Notice that enough stands at the end of the phrase:

It's big enough. It isn 't big enough. Is it big enough?


m etres

UK spelling: metre/kilom etre

US spelling: m eter/kilom eter

It's tw e n ty m etres long.

Note that long, wide, high, tall, etc. stand at the end of the phrase.

It's seven metres high.

He is one metre sixty-eight tall.


H ow w id e is it?

It's fifteen m etres w ide.

Notice the form of the question and answer in dimension

questions:

How long is it? It's 20 metres long.

... on th e 26th ...

= on the twenty-sixth.

See Reference Section 20.2 for more on ordinal numbers.

... €2,000 a day.

Note also:

€ 2,000 per day

€.500 an hour

... AV equipm en t

= audio visual equipment

86 UNIT 33

Practice

Conference arrangements

1 Listen to the enquiry about conference facilities.

The conference manager confirms the discussion by

email. Read the email and fill in the gaps.

eo e In CD

D elete

Reply

H H / 0 £3 »

R eply A ll F o rw ard C o m pose M a ilb o xe s G et M ail

subject: Conference Reservation 7 May

attach: Equipment Hire Price List

Dear Mr Costa

Thank you for your enquiry. It was a pleasure to meet

you again. I feel sure we will be able to meet your

needs. May I confirm the details we discussed?

• You would like to book a ..............................

09.00-18.00. We have made the reservation for you.

Our charges include VAT but not refreshments or

b ...............................

• I attach our price list for c ................................. as

requested.

• W’e discussed your catering needs. You asked me to

quote for d ................................ and a simple buffet

lunch. The attached quotation includes sample

menus and prices.

Please get back to me if you have any queries or further

requests. I look forward to doing business with you.

With best wishes

Pippa Smolek

Conference Manager

Arranging conference facilities

2 Complete the dialogue with the following phrases.

A: a Wfr))rer.. -for a conference room for

the 27th.

B: How many people b ...................................?

A: c .................................. and twenty.

B: Room A is d .....................................What about

Room B?

A: How big is it?

B: It's e ....................................

A: That would be fine.

B: W hen do you want it?

A: f .................................... How much is it?

B: It's g ....................................

A: Does that h ...................................?

B: No, that's i .....................................

too smalt, not big enough

3 Think about the situations below. Are the rooms big

enough? Are they too small? Or are they the right

size? Write a sentence about each situation.

Room A Room B R oom C

8.0m x 15.5m 8.5m x 60m 3.0m x 5.0m

e.g. 50 people-R oom A

T We rooytt is fobo'iAf tWe

a 300 people - Room A ........................

b 3 people - Room B .............................................

c 6 people - Room C .............................................

d 12 people - Room A...........................................

e 25 people - Room B ...........................................

f 30 people - Room C ...........................................

betw een fifteen fro m ten to six include coffee

eleven m etres long and seven m etres w id e

is it fo r e xtra w e ’re looking f o r /

to o big

£850 p e r day

Booking conference facilities 87

UNIT 34

Organising a trip

Some useful phrases


I would (I'd) like a ticket to Bahrain,

a single ticket a return ticket

business class economy class

When do you want to travel?

Tomorrow. On Thursday.

I will (I'll) call you ...

I'll email you...

I'll text y o u ...

... when the tickets are ready.

... when I have the details.

...as soon as I arrive.

You are (You're) flying on Continental Airways.

Your flight number is CL 217.

It leaves at 09.15.

It arrives at 17.30.

How much is it going to cost?

It is (It's) £600 one way.

It's £900 return.

Is there a cheaper way?

You could go by train. That would be cheaper,

by train

by bus

by ferry

by plane

How do you spell Bahrain?

How do you pronounce it?

Study notes

... a tick et to Bahrain.

The English pronunciation of some places is different from the

local pronunciation. Some names are different, e.g.

Nihon - Japan

a single tick et

a return tick et

Note the alternatives:

return - round trip single - one way

These are US English terms that are used in UK English.

I w ill call you w h en th e tickets are ready.

Notice that we say:

... when the tickets are ready. ...as soon as I arrive.

We do not say:

... when the tickets will be ready. ...as soon as I will arrive.


It leaves ... / It arrives ...

Remember the Simple Present tense is used for the Future in

timetable information and for opening hours.

The train leaves at 09.15 on Monday. Flight TZA10 arrives at 16.50.

The shop opens at half past nine. The bank closes at 4.30.


... 09.15 / 17.30 ...

Note how to use the 24-hour clock.

08.00 - oh eight hundred 16.08 -sixteen oh eight

07.40 - oh seven forty 0 5 .1 5 - oh five fifteen

17.2 5 - seventeen twenty-five 2 1 .0 0 - twenty-one hundred

That w ou ld be cheaper.

Note that would is the same for all persons:

1 would, he would, etc.


88 UNIT 34

Practice

Organising a trip

1 A businessman in Istanbul is organising a trip. Listen

and answer these questions,

a Where does the traveller w ant to go?

b What kind of ticket does he want?

c

W hen does he want to travel?

d When does the flight leave?

e What time does it arrive?

f

Is he travelling by Air France?

g Does he get a single or a return?

h How much is it?

Spelling and pronunciation

2 Find out the English and local names for the places

in the table. Talk to colleagues or to friends.

e.g. - How do you say Athens in Greek?

- Athinai.

- How do you spell that?

- A-T-H-I-N-A-I.

- How do you pronounce it?

- Athinai.

24-hour clock


Operator

Destination

Flight

no.

Times

a Silver Arrow Naples SX 216 dep: 12.00

arr: 17.30

b Global Tours Johannesburg GA 708 dep: 07.30

arr: 13.15

c Skyways Moscow ST 309 dep: 19.20

International arr: 12.45

d Euro Cairo EK 114 dep: 11.00

Continental arr: 18.40

e Trans Globe Melbourne TG 588 dep: 08.20

arr: 22.00

f Continental Bombay CA 512 dep: 13.00

Airways arr: 23.50

Note

The information in the table is fictitious.

e.g. a A Silver Arrow £)( 2.16 to

b

c

d

e

f

Naple-s

r.QQ.i.t.

kMwdre-d) UoiArs f\iyd purriv&s _c\t.

(? .30 ( S&y&nfe&jK'.th ir ty - } .............

Cities:

Athens a Athri&M

b ............... Praha

Rome c ...............

Countries:

Ireland d ...............

e ............... Ellas

Russia f ...............

Organising a trip 89

when/as soon as + the Simple Present

4 Write out these sentences in full.

e.g. W hen/docum ents/com e/I/send/text.

1 f(a.& Ao&iAvK&wfs £-pyK&j £UL

. . ^ 0 1 4 b f e x f . ...............................................................................................

a I/contact/you/when/I/have/details.

b I/phone/you/as soon as/tickets/readv.

c As soon as/have/m oney/I/buy/new car.

d W hen/know /price/I/tell/you.

Comparing plane, train, bus

6 Read the dialogue, then rewrite it comparing the

train with the bus. Change the figures so they are

realistic in your area.

A: How much is it by plane?

B: It's €290 one way, €580 return.

A: Is there a cheaper way?

B: You could go by train, but it would be slower.

A: How much is it by train?

B: €310 return.

A: How long does it take?

B: Twelve hours.

A: I'll go by plane.

B: OK. I'll call you when I have the tickets.

e I/visit/m useum /as soon as/I/have/tim e.

f

W hen/can/speak/English/I/visit/New York.

would

5 Assume that you normally drive to work, then

answer these questions.

e.g. Would your journey take longer by bicycle?

ye.£j i f w ould.. i f . would. f lo 'y i^ r ............

or .. No j.t.W U ldv. ’t .•.X.t. woiAldw ’f . . lo.V-ffiX.:.

a Would it be cheaper by bus?

b Would it be possible to go by underground?

c Would it be practical to walk?

d Would you like to have a chauffeur?

e Would you prefer to work at home?

f

Would you prefer to get a lift from a friend?

90 UNIT 34

UNIT 35

Hiringa car

Some useful phrases


Where can I hire a car?

There is (There's) a place inside the airport.

There's a Hertz outside the station.

You can go online.

What size car do you want?

Have you got something like a Ford Focus?

When do you want it?

This Monday. Next Monday.

How long do you want it for?

A week to ten days.

We have an estate that might suit you.

what make is it?

make model colour year

The rental is $450 per week, including tax.

Does that include insurance?

The price includes unlimited mileage.

That seems OK.

That sounds very reasonable.

seems sounds looks

reasonable cheap expensive

Can I see your driving licence, please?

Can you fill in this form, please?

Sign here, please.

Here are the keys.

Study notes

Where can I hire a car?

We can also say: Where can I rent a car?

... som ething like a Ford Focus

You can use like in comparisons.

This car is like that one. It's not like the other one.

This M onday.

N ext M onday.

This Monday = the nearest one.

Next Monday - not this one, the one after.

H ow long do you w ant it for?

Notice that for stands at the end.

For how long do you want it? is unusual.

The rental is $450 per w eek ...

Notice how rent, rental, charge and rate are used.

The charge for photocopying is 5 cents per copy

- the rate is 5 cents per copy.

The rent for this office is $2,500 per month

= the rate is $2,500 per month.

The rental for this car is €500 per week

= the rate is €500 per week.

I ______

That seem s OK.

Some verbs like seem, want, like are not normally used in the

Continuous tense. We do not say That is seeming OK.


Can you fill in this form ... ?

Note the word order after//// in.

Fill in the form. Fill the form in. Fill it in.

(not Fill in it.)

Hiring a car 91

Practice

Hiring a car

1 Listen to the dialogue and mark the statements true

IT], false [F] or not given jw&|.

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

The car hire place is inside the airport.

The customer doesn't know w hat size car he

wants.

He needs a car for next Thursday.

He wants it for five days.

They do not have a Honda.

They have something like a Toyota XL Estate. EU

The car sounds OI< to the customer.

The rate is $120 per day.

That includes insurance, but VAT is extra.

The price seems OK to the customer.

The sales clerk needs to see the customer's

driving licence.

The clerk has to fill in the rental agreement.

Filling in a form

□

□

□

2 Fill in the form. Then write the questions you would

need to ask to fill in the form for someone else.

C A R REN TALS

25 Stigat Road, London SE7 8RZ

Tel: 045 258 777 Fax: 045 258 590 VAT no. 200 3 6 1

N a m e :.................................

A d d re s s :.............................

n o ,:.................................... Licence n o .:.................

Issued by: ..............................E x p ire s :..........................

D ate o f birth:................ Occupation:.............

Accidents in last 3 y e a rs :.......................

C onvictions in last 5 y e a rs :............

Co. Purchase O rd e r r e f:.................

Passport N o .:......................

BILLING IN S T R U C T IO N S

C re d it C ard [ . Travellers cheque □ Cash □

Signed ..................................... Signed .............................

Forthe Hire Company For the Hirer

seem/sound/look

3 xMatch the two parts of the sentences.

a That seems ——^ i it's a bit expensive

b She wants \ x Vv-— ii very reasonable.

c I don't like \ v— iii very good.

d We think \ iv the colour.

e I don't know \ . v the date.

f The car looks vi fine.

g That sounds vii to hire a car.

Comparisons with like

4 Complete these sentences using like or not like.

e.g. The weather in Spain is... ............ the weather

in Italy.

a M ontreal i s ...................................Paris.

b The food in Mexico is ........................... the food in

India.

c A Range Rover is ........................... a Nissan Patrol.

d Japanese is ........................... Russian.

Now make your own examples.

e .................................is lik e ...........................................

f .................................is not lik e ...................................

Car vocabulary

5 Describe your car, a car you hired, etc.

It is a blue three-door Honda estate.

It was a green four-door Fiat hatchback.

red five-door Ford people-carrier.

silver four-wheel Mercedes saloon.

etc. drive Volvo

Peugeot

etc.

etc.

e.g. It was a blue five-door Honda hatchback.

92 UNIT 35

UNIT 36

Returning home

Some useful phrases


Welcome back.

It is (It's) good to have you back.

How was your trip?

It was interesting/useful/tough.

It went well.

It is good to be back.

How was Dick?

He sent you his regards.

He says'hello'.

When did you get back?

I was booked to fly on M onday...

... but my manager wanted me to come

back early.

... but l needed more time in Lima.

I managed to travel on Sunday instead.

I managed to reschedule.

Did you have to pay extra?

I had to upgrade to first class.

I had to pay a small supplement.

The airline was very helpful.

Did you get any firm orders?

I'm afraid not.

Is the problem delivery times?

I'm afraid so.

My report will be ready by tomorrow.

Notice the construction after want (and ask):

want + object (me) + infinitive (toget back).

He wanted me to do it.

He asked me to do it.

...I needed m ore tim e in Lima.

More and less can be used with nouns or adjectives.

Nouns: more time, less money.

Adjectives: more interesting, less expensive.


I m anaged to tr a v e l...

Notice that the verb after manage is in the infinitive:

We managed to change the ticket.

We managed to reschedule.

Pronunciation of reschedule.

US English /ske'uil/; UK English /s'edjuil/

...on Sunday instead.

Compare:

I managed to travel on Sunday instead.

I managed to travel on Sunday, instead of Monday.

I'm afraid not.

I'm afraid so.

Notice how these phrases are used:

Did you get any firm orders? —►I'm afraid not.

Did you have to pay extra? —►I'm afraid so.

Returning home 93

Practice

Back from a trip

1 A sales manager has just arrived back from a trip. He

meets a colleague in the corridor. Listen to the

conversation and answer these questions.

a How was the sales manager's trip?

b W hen did he get back?

c W hat did Ivan want?

d Who is Ivan?

e W hy did the sales manager upgrade to first class?

f

What does Amelia think of the new system?

g W hat is the problem?

h W hen will the sales manager's report be ready?

Changes, instead

3 Notice how the arrangements on this itinerary have

changed. Write sentences using instead.

Destination:

Carrier:

Barcelona

- £ w ^ ir O eAft* A ir

Flight no.: -tX-407 TW-149 R

Booking ref. no.: £0225 fK

Date:

Departure Time:

Terms:

0A2.S12

Id w d a y ^ tl-T ta y T ite s d w

business class

-one way"

r-n

Details: a iolo s e a Se-gif

Price: -£330— £-410

ze-iw mm-

U

I'm afraid so/i'm afraid not

2 Write I'm afraid not or I'm afraid so in responses to

these questions.

e.g. Is it possible to change the booking?

i W frfa riA w p f .....................................................

a Can I change my booking to Wednesday?

b Is Monday's flight fully booked?

c

Is the plane late?

d Is there a flight on Tuesday?

e.g. (Carrier) .....

Air..!wsf&Oid ?.£. t.IsiKf?. Air •

a (Day) He's travelling on ....................................

b (Date) He's travelling o n ...................................

c (Time) His flight is leaving a t ...........................

d (Details) He's sitting i n ......................................

e Can I change to business class?

e

(Price) His ticket c o sts.......................................

f

Do I have to pay a supplement?

g Is the morning flight more expensive?

94 UNIT 36

more, iess

4 Complete the sentences

with less or more, using the

information in the table.

Name Position Salary $ Tax Holiday Hours worked

Lydia Koons Area Manager 78,000 40% 4 weeks 50pw

Ray Jarman Local rep 32,000 30% 3 weeks 40pw

Sue Divoff Lawyer 120,000 45% 6 weeks 45pw

e.g. Ray Jarm an earns . . . money than

Lydia Koons.

a Lydia Koons pays .......... tax that Ray Jarman.

b Lydia Koons has ....... holidav than Sue

Divoff.

c Ray Jarman has free time than Lydia

Koons.

d Sue Divoff earns ........money than Lydia

Koons.

e Lydia Koons pays ..........tax then Sue Divoff.

f Ray Jarm an has , holiday than Lydia

Koons.

g Sue Divoff h a s .......... free time than Ray

Jarman.

Vocabulary

5 Match words in the three columns to make

vocabulary groups.

seat n o .------^ tax month

change )

afternoon return

morning

I

v one way ticket

boarding card flight no. —. postpone

salary passport \ arrival

day week I expenses

check-in cancel ( evening

single departure ’v- booking ref. no.

want + object pronoun + infinitive

6 Write sentences about requests.

e.g. John —►Mike: Could you change the booking?

Mike: ..t.fe .......

bpofCi^n^.

or B.*?: .Q-SKe-.d VkZ. t.0. . f he- boo|J<.

a Clare —►Paul: Could you photocopy this report?

Sarah:.........................................................................

b Martin —►Sue and Jim: Could you come to the

meeting?

Liz: .............................................................................

c Martin —►Sue and Jim: Could you cancel the

arrangements?

S ue:.............................................................................

d Clare —* Paul: Could you postpone the trip?

Sarah —►Paul:..........................................................

e Clare & Mike —►Paul: Could make some coffee?

Paul: ...........................................................................

f John —►Mike: Could you type this letter?

Mike —►Jo h n :..........................................................

g Sue and Jim —►Clare: Could you check if there

are any seats?

John: ..........................................................................

Returning home 95

General note on contractions

In speech and in formal writing, some verb forms are

contracted with:

• personal pronouns: I'm (I am), they've (they have), etc.

• question words: What's (What is), How'll (How will), etc.

• demonstrative pronouns: that's (that is), these're (these are),

etc.

• there: there's (there is), there'd be (there would be), etc.

Contracted forms are not used in affirmative short answers:

Yes, I am. (not Yes, I'm.)

Yes, they have, (not Yes, they've.)

However, they are used in negative short answers:

No, we don't.

No, she can't.

The following contracted forms are used in this book:

is I are

I'm (I am), he/she/it's (he/she/it is), there's (there is), What's

(What is), Where's (Where is), that's (that is), these're (these

are), isn't (is not), we /you/they 're (we/you/they are), there're

(there are), aren't (are not).

was/were

wasn 't (was not), weren 't (were not)

has/have

he/she/it's (he/she/it has), II we /you/they've (I/we/you/they

have), hasn't (has not), haven't (have not)

do/did

don't (do not), didn't (did not)

will/can

I/you!he'll (I/you/he will), won't (will not), can't (cannot)

would/must/could/should

I/we/you/she'd (1/we/you/she would), wouldn't (would not),

couldn't (could not), shouldn't (should not)

General note on capital letters

in business titles

Sometimes job titles and department names have capital

letters, and sometimes they do not. The general 'rule' is that

names have a capital letter.

I am John

I am Sales Manager

Here 'John' and 'Sales Manager' are names. In the following

example 'Sales Manager' is part of a description, so there are

no capital letters.

lam the sales manager.

In the same way we write:

I work in Sales, (a name)

I work in the sales department, (a description)

But business people often break the 'rule'. They use capital

letters to show status and respect. So you will meet:

He/She is the Sales Manager.

He/She works in the Sales Department.

These uses are common and accepted. The 'rule' is applied

96 GENERAL NOTES

Reference section

1 SPECIAL VERBS 10 NOUNS 17 PREPOSITIONS

1.1 be 10.1 Plurals of nouns 17.1 Talking about time

1.2 there is 10.2 Countable and uncountable 17.2 Talking about place

1.3 have and have got nouns 17.3 Talking about direction

10.3 Compound (two-word) nouns 17.4 Other uses of prepositions

2 ORDINARY VERBS 10.4 Possessive nouns

2.1 Simple Present 18 WORDS TO NOTE

2.2 Present Continuous 11 PRONOUNS 18.1 make and do

2.3 Simple Present vs. Present 11.1 Subject and object pronouns 18.2 ask, tell and say

Continuous 11.2 Possessive adjectives and 18.3 let's and shall

2.4 Non-Continuous verbs pronouns 18.4 still, yet and already

2.5 Simple Past 11.3 Reflexive/emphatic pronouns 18.5 since, for and ago

2.6 Past Continuous 18.6 for and untilltill

2.7 Simple Present Perfect 12 DEMONSTRATIVES 18.7 Why? and because

12.1 this, that, these and those 18.8 to and in order to

3 TALKING ABOUT THE 18.9 How and What (a)

FUTURE 13 QUANTIFIERS 18.10 so and such (a)

3.1 Simple Present 13.1 some, any and no 18.11 so and too

3.2 Present Continuous 13.2 something and anything 18.12 either, neither and nor

3.3 be going + infinitive 13.3 much, many, a lot, a little, a few, 18.13 instead and instead of

3.4 will enough and too 18.14 one/ones and other/others

3.5 when for the future 13.4 both, all, neither and one

19 IRREGULAR VERBS

4 THE PASSIVE 14 QUESTIONS

4.1 Simple Present Passive 14.1 Question words 20 USEFUL INFORMATION

4.2 Simple Past Passive 14.2 Direct and embedded questions 20.1

20.2

Cardinal numbers

Ordinal numbers

5 THE IMPERATIVE 15 ADJECTIVES 20.3 Telephone numbers

15.1 The form and position of 20.4 Some telephone alphabets

6 INFINITIVES AND -ING adjectives 20.5 Ages

FORMS 15.2 Comparative and superlative

adjectives

20.6

20.7

Time

Days, months and seasons

7 MODAL VERBS 20.8 Years and dates

7.1 can and could 16 ADVERBS 20.9 Measurements

7.2 may and might 16.1 Adjectives and adverbs 20.10 Money

7.3 would 16.2 Spelling of -ly adverbs 20.11 Countries and nationalities

7.4 must 16.3 Position of adverbs 20.12 Geographical location

16.4 Adverbs of frequency: How 20.13 Parts of the world

8 PHRASAL VERBS often? 20.14 Titles

16.5 Comparative and superlative 20.15 Abbreviations

9 ARTICLES adverbs 20.16 British and American spelling

9.1 a and an 20.17 Clothing sizes

9.2 the


1 SPECIAL VERBS Past tense

1.1 be

Present tense

I am (I'm) I am not (I'm not) am I?

you are (you're) you are not (you're not/ are you?

you aren't)

he is (he's) he is not (he's not/ is he?

he isn't)

she is (she's) she is not (she's not/ is she?

she isn't)

it is (it's) it is not (it's not/ is it?

it isn't)

we are (we're) we are not (we're not/ are we?

we aren't)

you are (you're) you are not (you're not/ are you?

you aren't)

they are (they're) they are not (they're not/

they aren't)

are they?

e.g. I'm from France.

I'm thirty-seven, (not I have thirty-seven.)

She isn't in the sales department.

They aren't in the office.

Are you an engineer? Yes, I am.

Is he a sales rep? No, he isn't.

Past tense

I was I was not (I wasn't) was I?

you were you were not (you weren't) were you?

he, etc. was she, etc. was not (she wasn't) was it, etc.?

we were we were not (we weren't) were we?

you were you were not (you weren't) were you?

they were they were not (they weren't) were they?

e.g. The weather was very nice.

The people were very friendly.

The journey wasn't very long.

The hotels weren't very good.

Were you at the conference?

Were they in the office?

1.2 there is

Present tense

No, I wasn't.

Yes, they were.

there is there is not (there isn't) is there?

there are there are not (there aren't) are there?

e.g. There's a car park in the basement.

There aren't any shops near here.

Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is.

there was there was not (there wasn't) was there?

there were there were not (there weren't) were there?

e.g. There were some shops near the hotel.

There weren't any banks near the hotel.

Were there any problems? No, there weren't.

1.3 have and have got

Present tense of have

I have I do not (don't) have do I have?

you have you do not (don't) have do you have?

he, etc. has she, etc. does not

(doesn't) have

does it, etc. have?

we have we do not (don't) have do we have?

you have you do not (don't) have do you have?

they have they do not (don't) have do they have?

e.g. It has ten floors.

We have a canteen.

He doesn't have a secretary.

They don't have a car park.

Do you have a translation unit?

Does your company have a cafeteria?

Yes, we do.

No, it doesn't.

have got

Have got means the same as have. Have got in the Present tense

is very common in spoken British English. Have is more

common in American English.

Present tense of have got

I have

(I've) got

you have

(you've) got

he, etc. has

(he's) got

we have

(we've) got

you have

(you've) got

they have

(they've) got

I have not

(haven't) got

you have not

(haven't) got

she, etc. has not

(hasn't) got

we have not

(haven't) got

you have not

(haven't) got

they have not

(haven't) got

e.g. I've got a new computer.

They haven't got many orders.

Have you got a fax? Yes, we have.

have I got?

have you got?

has it, etc. got?

have we got?

have you got?

have they got?

98 REFERENCE SECTION

Pa st tense of have an d have got

I had I did not (didn't) have did I have?

you had you did not (didn't) have did you have?

he, etc. had she, etc. did not (didn't) have did it, etc. have?

we had we did not (didn't) have did we have?

you had you did not (didn't) have did you have?

they had they did not (didn't) have did they have?

e.g. We had a lot of problems last year.

They had a working breakfast.

I didn't have all the information.

Did you have a good trip?

Did they have lunch with you?

2 ORDINARY VERBS

2.1 Simple Present

I work

you work

he, etc. works

we work

you work

they work

I do not

(don't) work

you do not

(don't) work

she, etc. does not

(doesn't) work

we do not

(don't) work

you do not

(don't) work

they do not

(don't) work

No, I didn't.

Yes, they did.

do I work?

do you work?

does it, etc. work?

do we work?

do you work?

do they work?

e.g. He works for a bank.

I live in York.

She doesn't like her new job.

We don't work on the manufacturing side.

Does he often go abroad? Yes, he does.

Spelling of he!she!it form s

most verbs: get -+ gets

want —► wants

live “ > lives

verbs ending in consonant + -y: try —► tries

worry worries

verbs ending in -ch, -sh or -5: watch —► watches

wish -► wishes

miss —► misses

irregular: have -> has

do does

go -* goes

2.2 Present Continuous

I am

(I'm) staying

you are

(you're) staying

he, etc. is

(he's) staying

we are

(we're ) staying

you are

(you're) staying

they are

(they're) staying

am I staying?

are you staying?

is it, etc. staying?

are we staying?

are they staying?

I am not

(I'm not) staying

you are not

(you're not/you aren't) staying

she, etc. is not

(we're not/you aren't) staying

we are not

(we're not/we aren't) staying

you are not

(you're not/you aren't) staying

they are not

(they're not/they aren't) staying

e.g. Bill's working in the Middle East.

We're developing a new model.

It isn't photocopying very well.

They aren't having lunch.

Are you waiting for a taxi? No, I'm not.

Is business going well?

Yes, it is.

Spelling of infinitive + -ing forms

most verbs: work —► working

eat eating

verbs ending in -e: write - writing

make —► making

short verbs ending in one stop —► stopping

vowel + one consonant: plan -► planning

fit —► fitting

verbs ending in -e: lie —► lying

die dying

2.3 Simple Present vs. Present Continuous

We use the Simple Present to talk about:

- things that are true all the time

e.g. What does your company do?

The company makes computers.

- things that happen often, usually, sometimes, etc.

e.g. I usually arrive at the office at 9am.

I often work on Saturday.


We use the Present Progressive to talk about:

- things that are happening or changing these days

e.g. What are you working on?

People aren't buying shoes at the moment.

- plans for the future (see also section 3)

e.g. We're going to Geneva next month.

What are you doing on Friday morning?

2.4 Non-Continuous verbs

With some verbs (for example, hear, believe, see, understand)

we usually use only simple tenses, not continuous tenses:

e.g. I believe they're in Rome. (not Iam believing ...)

I hear you're not coming on Friday, (not Iam hearing...)

I understand you're leaving tomorrow afternoon.

(not I am understanding ...)

2.5 Simple Past

I started I did not (didn't) start did I start?

you started you did not (didn't) start did you start?

he, etc. she, etc. did not

did it, etc. start?

started (didn't) start

we started we did not (didn't) start did we start?

you started you did not (didn't) start did you start?

they started they did not (didn't) start did they start?

e.g. Jane went to Paris by plane.

John didn't call me.

(not didn'tcalled...)

Did you like living in London? Yes, I did.

(not Yes, I liked.)

Spelling of regular past tenses

most regular verbs: work —►worked

develop —►developed

verbs ending in -e: like —►liked

phone —►phoned

verbs ending in consonant + -y: try —►tried

marry —►married

short verbs ending in one

vowel + one consonant

stop

plan

fit

—►stopped

—►planned

—►fitted

2.6 Past Continuous

I was writing

you were writing

he, etc. was writing

we were writing

you were writing

they were writing

I was not

(wasn't) writing

you were not

(weren't) writing

she, etc. was not

(weren't) writing

we were not

(weren't) writing

you were not

(weren't) writing

they were not

(weren't) writing

was I writing?

were you writing?

was it, etc. writing?

were we writing?

were you writing?

were they writing?

We use the Past Continuous to talk about:

- the background situation at the moment something

happened

e.g. I was having lunch when you called yesterday.

It was snowing when I left.

- what was happening at a particular time

e.g. What were you doing at 16.30 yesterday?

2.7 Simple Present Perfect

I have

(I've) visited

you have

(you've) visited

he, etc. has

(he's) visited

we have

(we've) visited

you have

(you've) visited

they have

(they've) visited

I have not

(haven't) visited

you have not

(haven't) visited

she, etc. has not

(hasn't) visited

we have not

(haven't) visited

you have not

(haven't) visited

they have not

(haven't) visited

have I visited?

have you visited?

has it, etc. visited?

have we visited?

have you visited?

have they visited?

We use the Simple Perfect to talk about:

- experiences

e.g. Have you ever visited New York?

Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

- developments

e.g. Prices have changed since last year.

They have sold more cars in the last few months.

- news

e.g. They have signed the contract.

I've finished the letter. Would you like to read it?


We do not use the Present Perfect to talk about:

- a finished time

e.g. I changed my job last month.

(not I have changed my job last month.)

I saw Tosca four years ago.

(not I have seen Tosca four years ago.)

I visited Mr Schmidt when I was in Frankfurt,

(not I've visited Mr Schmidt when I was in Frankfurt.)

3 TALKING ABOUT THE FUTURE

We use several different tenses to talk about the future.

3.1 Simple Present (programme, tim etable)

e.g. What time does your plane leave?

We leave Paris at 10.30 on Saturday.

3.2 Present Continuous (plans, arrangements)

e.g. Are you doing anything this evening?

I'm leaving on Tuesday.

I'm staying in Madrid for three days.

3.3 be going + infinitive (intentions, plans)

e.g. What are you going to do in Madrid?

I am going to m eet some important clients.

I'm not going to visit Moscow this year.

3.4 will (promises, predictions, offers)

e.g. I will call you tomorrow.

Will you be free at nine? Yes, I will.

I'll pay the bill.

3.5 when fo r the future

When is followed by the Simple Present tense if it refers

to the future:

e.g. When I have the details, I'll phone you.

(not When I will have the details ...)

I'll call you when the tickets are ready.

(not... when the tickets will be ready.)

4 THE PASSIVE

4.1 Simple Present Passive

subject am/is/are past participle

The printer

The printer

The reports

The reports

is

is not (isn't)

are

are not (aren't)

switched on.

switched on.

written,

written.

e.g. The computer isn't often switched on.

Is the office cleaned in the evening?

4.2 Simple Past Passive

subject was/where past participle

The printer

The printer

The reports

The reports

was

was not (wasn't)

were

were not (weren't)

switched on.

switched on.

written,

written.

e.g. The printer was connected to the wrong computer.

The lights weren't switched on.

5 THE IMPERATIVE

The imperative form is the same as the infinitive form.

We use the same form to talk to one, two or more people.

We use don't in the negative.

Affirmative

Negative

Call me on Monday. Don't call me this evening.

Switch on the printer. Don't switch on the printer.

We use the imperative to:

- make requests

e.g. Give my regards to your boss.

Don't forget to send that email, please.

- offer food and drink

e.g. Have a cup of coffee.

Try these sandwiches. They're delicious.

- tell someone to do something

e.g. Go to the end of the corridor and then turn left.

Don't go that way.

- give orders

e.g. Switch off the lights when you leave.

Don't leave the lights on.

6 INFINITIVES AND -IN G FORMS

We use infinitives with to:

- after some verbs (for example, hope, want, would like,

try, need)

e.g. I hope to see you again.

I want to go to the conference.

I would like to speak to Mr Jannsen.

I tried to call you back.

I need to buy a new suitcase.

I'd prefer to go to the opera.


- after something, anything and nothing

e.g. Would you like something to drink?

Did they have anything new to say?

- after some adjectives

e.g. It's good to meet you.

It's great to be here.

- to say why we do things

e.g. I w ent to Italy to visit some clients.

W hy are you here? To m eet the new director.

We use infinitives w ithout to:

- after do and after modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must)

e.g. Why don't you take a taxi?

Could you tell me how to get to the tow n centre?

I might have a holiday next m onth.

- after let's (let us)

e.g. Let's have a break.

We use -ing forms after some verbs (for example, enjoy, like,

love, hate).

e.g. We enjoyed having you here.

I like playing tennis.

He loves travelling.

I hate waiting for people.

7 M ODAL VERBS

Can, could, may, might, would and must are called 'm odal'

verbs. Modal verbs are the same for all persons.

e.g. I can, you can, he/she can, etc

I could, you could, he/she could, etc.

Modal verbs have no -s in the third person singular Present.

e.g. She can type, (not She cans type.)

It may rain tomorrow, (not It mays rain tomorrow.)

Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive w ithout to.

e.g. We may be late, (not We may to be late.)

Questions and negatives are formed w ithout do.

e.g. Can you speak Italian? (not Do you can speak Italian?)

I can I cannot (can't) can I?

you could you could not (couldn't) could you?

he, etc. may she, etc. may not may it, etc.?

we might we might not might we?

you would you would not

would you?

(you'd) (wouldn't)

they m ust they m ust not (m ustn't) m ust they?

Note that cannot is one word.

Modal verbs have several different meanings and uses.

7.1 can and could

Can and could are used for:

- talking about ability

e.g. Can you make the meeting on Friday?

I'm sorry, I can't.

Could you read my signature? Yes, I could.

- talking about possibility

e.g. Business meetings can be very boring.

That could be a problem.

- asking for and giving permission

e.g. Can I borrow your car?

You can leave early on Friday.

- making requests and offers

e.g. Can I talk to you for a moment?

Could you speak more slowly, please?

Can I help you?

There is little difference between can and could when used for

requests, although could is sometimes considered more polite.

7.2 may and might

May and might are used when talking about possibility,

e.g. I may go to the sales conference.

I may not be in the office tomorrow.

I might go on holiday in September.

I might not see you again before you go.

There is little difference between may and might, although

might is sometimes considered a little less sure.

To ask a question, we use Do you think...? and Will...?

e.g. Do you think you'll go to the sales conference? I may.

Will they agree? They might.

7 .3 would

Would is used for:

- making offers and requests

e.g. Would you like some more coffee?

I'd like a return ticket to Turin.

- talking about hypothetical situations

e.g. It would take a long time.

Would the train be cheaper?

It wouldn't be too expensive.

7.4 must

Must is used when:

- offering hospitality

e.g. You must visit us soon.

We must meet for lunch.


- making deductions

e.g. You must be hungry.

They must be very busy.

8 PHRASAL VERBS

Phrasal verbs are verbs made of two words. Sometimes

phrasal verbs have an object,

e.g. Verb Object

try on a suit

call off the meeting

switch on the machine

You can say:

Try on a suit.

or Try a suit on.

Call off the meeting. or Call the meeting off.

Switch on the machine, or Switch the machine on.

But it, them, me, us (pronouns) always go before off, in, on, etc.

Try it on. Switch it off.

Plug them in. Call it off.

9 ARTICLES

9.1 a and an

We normally use an before a vowel sound - a e i o u:

e.g. an engineer, an office

We also use an before an h when it is silent:

e.g. an hour

We use a before uleu when the sound is like you:

e.g. a union, a university, a European

We normally use a before other letters:

e.g. a salesman, a representative

We use a and an when we talk about the job which we do:

e.g. I'm a sales rep.

He's an accountant.

We use a before common ailments:

e.g. a cold, a cough

We use no article for most other ailments:

e.g. flu, tonsillitis, AIDS

We use a and an in prices and measurements:

e.g. 80 pence a kilo

50 kilometres an hour

Note: In some languages the word for the first number (1) is

the same as the article word. This is not so in English. In

English, the usual word for one is a or an. One is used for

special emphasis.

e.g. I'd like a coffee and two sandwiches.

Did you say two sandwiches and two coffees?

No, two sandwiches and one coffee.

9.2 the

We use the to talk about particular things which the listener

already knows about.

e.g. Did you see the report?

He read the contract.

Department names and job titles can be with or without the.

e.g. I'm in the accounts department.

I'm in Accounts.

Peter Grant is the assistant production manager.

Peter Grant is Assistant Production Manager.

We do not usually use the when we talk about things

in general.

e.g. Oil is getting more expensive.

Experienced engineers are difficult to find.

Note these expressions without articles:

e.g. at home (not at the home)

go home (not go to the home)

at college

at work


10 NOUNS

10.1 Plurals o f nouns

most nouns simply

add -5:

nouns ending in

consonant + -y:

nouns ending in

-ch, -sh, -s or -x:

some nouns ending

in -/and -fe:

some nouns ending

in -/and -fe:

manager

name

secretary

company

box

address

self

shelf

wife

life

half

knife

safe

cliff

roof

handkerchief

radio

photo

managers

names

secretaries

companies

boxes

addresses

selves

shelves

wives

lives

halves

knives

safes

cliffs

roofs

handkerchiefs

radios

photos

most nouns ending

in -o:

irregulars: child —►children

man

woman

potato

tomato

tooth

fish

men

-► women

potatoes

tomatoes

—►teeth

—►fish

10.2 Countable and uncountable nouns

Countable nouns are the names of things that you can count.

We can use atari with countable nouns. Countable nouns

have plurals:

e.g. a letter, one problem, two telephones,

six hundred dollars.

Uncountable nouns are the names of things that you can't

count. Normally, we can't use alan with uncountable nouns,

and they have no plurals:

e.g. milk, sugar, fruit juice.

Compare:

countable - Would you like a sandwich?

uncountable - Would you like some milk? (not a milk)

countable - There's a woman at the reception desk,

uncountable - There's some sugar on the table, (not a sugar)

a/an and some/any

We normally only use a/an with singular countable nouns.

With uncountable nouns, a/an is not possible. We can use

some and any with both countable and uncountable nouns

(see section 13.1 on quantifiers).

Countable - There's a w om an at the reception desk.

Uncountable - I have som e free tim e next week.

(not a free time)

Countable - There are som e books on the table.

Uncountable - There's som e n e w inform ation.

(not a new information)

Countable - Do you have any stam ps?

Uncountable - Do you have any new s?

U ncountables

The following words are uncountable. We do not use them

with alan, and they have no plurals:

- advice, information, news, weather

e.g. I'd like to give you som e advice, (not an advice)

Could you give me som e inform ation?

(not an information’, not informations)

Here is the n ew s, (not a news)

We're having terrible w eather, (not a terrible weather)

- English (and the names of other languages)

e.g. She speaks very good English, (not a very good English)

- medicine, flu, toothache (but headache, cold, cough, etc. are

countable)

e.g. I've got toothache.

I've got flu.

(but I've got a headache.)

Words like euro, dollar, pound, yen, peso and franc are

countable, but the word money is uncountable,

e.g. It cost eight euros.

It cost a lot of m oney, (not a lot of moneys)

10.3 Com pound (tw o-w ord) nouns

Some compound (two-word) nouns are one word.

e.g. bathroom, bedroom, headache

Some compound nouns can be hyphenated.

e.g. sitting-room, dining-room

Some compound nouns are written as two words.

e.g. hotel booking, plane ticket, car park

10.4 Possessive nouns

We usually use -5 (singular -'s, plural -s') for animate/living

things.

e.g. Sam is Mr Veen's assistant, (not the assistant of Mr Veen)

John's surname is Smith, (not surname's John)

That is my boss's office.

The directors' salaries are very high.


Words ending in -s usually add -'s.

e.g. Charles's bag is there.

We usually use of tor inanimate/not living things,

e.g. The end of the week is Friday.

The top of the desk is wet.

But there are exceptions. We use - 's with days and months,

e.g. Did you read yesterday's newspaper?

Last m onth's sales figures were excellent.

For job titles and departments, we can use -'s or of.

e.g. They are waiting for the CEO's arrival.

They're waiting for the arrival of the CEO.

The sales departm ent's number is 223644.

The number of the sales department is 223644.

11 PRONOUNS

11.1 Subject and object pronouns

Subject Object

I me

you you e.g. Are you Bill Smith? Yes, I am.

he him Is John from ICT? No, h e is not (isn't)

she her Do you know the managing director?

it it Yes, I know him very well.

we us I gave th em the information.

you you

they them

With some verbs, the object pronoun can either go before the

verb, or after the verb with to.

e.g. Can you send m e the brochure.

or Can you send the brochure to m e.

11.2 Possessive adjectives and pronouns

A djective Pronoun

my

mine

your yours e.g. That's m y car.

his his That car is m ine.

her hers Are they your customers?

its - They aren't ours.

our

ours

your

yours

their

theirs

11.3 Reflexive/em phatic pronouns

myself ourselves

yourself yourselves

himself themselves

herself itself

e.g. Did you pack your suitcase yourself?

They talked about th em selves.

Each other

e.g. We write to each other once a month, (not We write to

ourselves...)

Somebody else

e.g. I didn't write that letter - it was som ebody else.

Do you usually go on holiday by yourself or with

som eb ody else?

12 DEMONSTRATIVES

12.1 this, that, these and those

This and these are used with people or things that are close to

the speaker.

e.g. This telephone is out of order.

This is my boss.

These books are very interesting.

It's up these stairs.

That and those are both used with people or things that are not

close to the speaker.

e.g. That woman is an accountant.

What's th a t building?

Production is in th o se buildings.

Those books are not mine.

13 QUANTIFIERS

13.1 some, any and no

We usually use some in affirmative ('yes') sentences, and in

negative ('no') sentences.

A ffirm ative

N egative

There's som e coffee. There isn't any coffee.

I've got som e letters. I haven't got any letters.

not any = no

e.g. I'm sorry, there isn't any more chicken.

= There is (There's) no more chicken.

I've got n o free time.

= I h ave n o t (haven't) got any free time.

(not I've got any free time.)

In most questions, we use any.

e.g. Is there any coffee?

Have you got any stamps?

We normally use some when we offer things,

e.g. Would you like som e coffee?

Would you like som e more milk?


We normally use some when we ask for things,

e.g. Can I have som e coffee?

Could you give me som e paper?

13.2 something and anything

We usually use something in affirmative sentences and

anything in negative sentences.

A ffirm ative

N egative

I want som eth in g to read. I don't want anything to read.

I'd like som eth in g to eat. I don't want anything to eat.

not anything = nothing

e.g. I didn't do anything.

I did nothing.

In questions, both something and anything are common,

e.g. Would you like som ething to eat?

Would you like anything to eat?

Are you doing som eth in g this evening?

Are you doing anything this evening?

The difference between something and anything in these

questions is small. Something suggests that you already

have a definite idea in mind. Anything suggests a totally

open question.

Something, anything and nothing can be followed by adjectives,

e.g. Som ething aw ful happened.

Did anything interesting happen?

N othing unusual happened.

Everything and nothing are singular.

e.g. Is everything all right? (not Are everything all right?)

N othing was said. (not Nothing were said.)

13.3 much, many, a lot, a little, a few, enough and too

With uncou n tab les W ith plurals

(not) much

(not) many

how much?

how many?

too much

too many

a little

a few

more

more

enough

enough

a lot of

a lot of

e.g. There isn't m uch rain here in the summer.

Are there m any hotels in the town?

H ow m uch time do you need?

H ow m any people are there in your company?

I've got to o m uch work.

You gave me too m any copies.

A little more potato, sir?

And a fe w more mushrooms, please.

Could I have some m ore bread?

I'm afraid there are no m ore potatoes.

Have you got en ou gh information?

(not information enough)

There aren't en ough car parks in this area.

(not car parks enough)

These printers make a lot of noise.

They have (They've got) a lot o f problems.

We can also use these words and expressions without nouns.

e.g. H ow m uch does it cost?

Do you like that restaurant? N ot m uch.

Do you travel m uch for your job? A lot.

We use much and many mostly in questions and negative

sentences. In affirmative sentences, we more often use

a lot (of).

Compare:

Have you got m any contacts in Korea?

We haven't got m any contacts in America.

They've got a lot of clients in France.

We use too before an adjective or adverb when there is

no noun.

Compare:

Am I to o early? (not too much early)

You've got to o m uch luggage.

Enough comes after an adverb, and after an adjective if there

is no noun.

e.g. You're not speaking loud enough. (after adverb)

Is the beer cold en ough to drink? (after adjective)

We haven't got en ou gh inform ation, (before noun)

13.4 both, all, neither and one

We can use both and all:

- with one-part verbs

e.g. We both read The Nation, (not We read both ...)

They all w e n t by car. (not They went all by car ...)

- with two-part verbs

e.g. We've both got appointments.

(not We both have got...)

They w ill all arrive tomorrow.

(not They all will arrive ...)

- with are and were

e.g. We are both available then.

(not We both are available then.)

They w ere all in the office, (not They all were in the

office.)


B oth/all/ neither/one + of + p ronoun

e.g. B oth o f th em are very busy.

I wish I had time to visit all o f them .

N either of us has seen the contract.

O ne o f us liked the presentation, but the other didn't.

14 QUESTIONS

14.1 Question words

Who

W ho is calling?

Who's coming this evening?

Whose

W hose coffee is this?

W hose is this coffee?

W hose papers are these?

W hose are these papers?

Which

W hich computer would you like to use?

W hich of you is responsible for marketing?

(not Who of you ...?)

W hat

W hat is your name? Liz Sanderson.

W hat does hatchback mean? (not What means hatchback?)

W hat time does the next train leave?

W hat sort of music do you like?

W hat do you do? I'm an engineer.

W hat a nice colour! (not What nice colour!)

How

My name is Ann Carter. H ow do you do?

H ow are you? Very well, thank you. And you?

H ow old are you? I'm 35.

H ow did you travel?

Where

Where's the bank? Next to the bookshop.

W here are you from? Barcelona.

W here was this made? In Japan.

When

W hen do you begin your new job? (not When begins ...?)

W hen is your next appointment?

W hy

W hy did you come to London? To learn English.

W hy is the red light on?

Q uestion w ords as subject and object

When a question word is a subject of a sentence (or with the

subject of a sentence), we form questions without do.

Compare:

W ho is calling?

W ho did you speak to?

W hat is the address?

W hat address do you have?

H ow many people work here?

H ow many people do they employ?

(who is the subject)

(who is the object, you

is the subject)

(what is the subject)

(what is the object,

you is the subject)

(how is the subject)

(how is the object,

they is the subject)

14.2 D irect and em bedded (indirect) questions

Notice the difference in word order between direct and

indirect questions.

When is it?

(direct)

Do you know when it is?

(embedded)

Where is it?

(direct)

Can I ask where it is?

(embedded)

What time is th e ap p o in tm en t

(direct)

Can you check what time th e ap p oin tm en t is? (embedded)

15 ADJECTIVES

15.1 The form and position o f adjectives

B efore n ouns

A fter be

e.g. the man in the b lue suit e.g. The meal was exp en sive.

The order of adjectives is usually:

size colour com p osition

a large blue plastic box

a small black leather bag

The form of adjectives

Adjectives in English have only one form. They have the

same form in the singular and plural.

e.g. an old building

old buildings

They have the same form with the female and male nouns.

e.g. a young woman

a young man


15.2 Comparative and superlative adjectives

Short adjectives

Adjective Comparative Superlative

most short old older oldest

adjectives: young younger youngest

cheap cheaper cheapest

adjectives late later latest

ending in -e: nice nicer nicest

adjectives ending big bigger biggest

in one vowel + hot hotter hottest

one consonant:

adjectives dry drier driest

ending in -y: easy easier easiest

irregular: good better best

bad worse worst

Longer adjectives

A djective C om parative Superlative

interesting

beautiful

expensive

more interesting

more beautiful

more expensive

most interesting

most beautiful

most expensive

Using comparatives and superlatives:

- with than

e.g. Monday is better than Tuesday for me.

Room 102 is bigger th an room 202.

The lamb is m ore ex p en siv e th an the chicken.

- with as

e.g. The meat isn't as good as the fish.

Is the salmon as delicious as the trout?

More can be used with nouns.

e.g. The journey takes m ore tim e by car.

The journey takes less tim e by train.

Superlatives

Who is th e tallest person in the room?

It is th e old est building in town.

16 ADVERBS

16.1 Adjectives and adverbs

We use adjectives before nouns and after be. We use adverbs

to give more information about adverbs and adjectives.

Compare:

The company is efficient. (adjective)

They work efficiently.

(adverb)

It's cold.

It's extrem ely cold.

He was careful.

He drove carefully.

16.2 Spelling o f- ly adverbs

most words simply add -ly:

adjectives ending in -y:

adjectives ending in -able:

(adjective)

(adverb)

(adjective)

(adverb)

A djective

slow

careful

extreme

happy

angry

comfortable

Adverb

slowly

carefully

extremely

happily

angrily

comfortably

16.3 Position o f adverbs

Don't put adverbs between the verb and the object.

He speaks English w ell. (not He speaks well English.)

He n ever watches TV. (not He watches never TV.)

He read the report carefully, (not He read carefully the report.)

16.4 Adverbs o f frequency: How often?

e.g. H ow o ften do you go to the cinema?

Do you ever go to the opera?

From m o st to least often

I alw ays have coffee for breakfast.

I usually have a bath in the morning.

I very o ften go away at weekends.

I o ften go out in the evenings.

I som etim es go to the cinema.

I don't o ften eat fish.

I don't stay at home very often.

I occasionally travel to France.

I n ever play golf.

Position of frequency:

- with one-part verbs

e.g. I alw ays have coffee for breakfast.

(not I have always coffee ...)

I very o ften go abroad for my work.

(not I go very often abroad ...)

- with two-part verbs

e.g. She has alw ays b een helpful.

(not She always has been ...)

We w ere o ften in vited to his house.

(not We often were invited ...)

I can never understand what she says.

(not I never can understand ...)


- with am/are I is I was I were

e.g. She is usually late, (not She usually is late.)

I am n ever at home these days, (not I never am

at home...)

It is also possible for some adverbs of frequency to be at the

beginning of affirmative and negative sentences,

e.g. N orm ally, he won't discuss business.

Usually, I don't travel by train.

Regular frequency

I come here every day.

every three days,

once a day.

twice a week,

three times a year.

16.5 Comparative and superlative adverbs

We usually form comparative and superlative adverbs with

more and most.

e.g. Could you speak m ore slow ly?

She speaks m o st quietly.

Exceptions: faster, fastest; better, best.

e.g. She can type faster than me.

I speak English better than my colleagues.

17 PREPOSITIONS

17.1 Talking about tim e

I will see you at ten o'clock,

in the morning,

on Thursday,

on Thursday morning,

on June 22nd.

at the weekend,

in January,

in (the) spring,

in the new year.

I don't work

on Saturdays,

in January,

at Christmas.

I'll see you

in three days.

(= three days from now)

We will be here for two weeks.

I have been here for six weeks,

since Christmas.

I work

from nine to /u n til six.

I'll be here

un til a quarter to three.

I'll be here

for two hours.

She will be here before lunch.

I'm free

after six o'clock.

It's

Approximate time

I rang you

I was out

N o p rep osition

half p ast nine.

five to ten.

at about three o'clock.

at around three o'clock,

ju st before four.

for m o st o f the afternoon.

W hat tim e do you get up? (not At what time ...?)

I'm meeting John tom orrow .

I'll see you next week.

I saw her last w eek .

I was out all m orning.

She was in meetings m o st of th e day.

17.2 Talking about place

in behind between

on in front of on the left of

next to opposite on the right of

e.g. It is (It's) in that building.

on the fifth floor,

next to the canteen,

behind the main block,

opposite the paint shop,

between the conference centre and

the workshop.

on the left of the testing area.

Usually in or at is possible for a building (hotel, airport, etc.)

e.g. We stay in a nice hotel.

We stayed at a nice hotel,

above at the top of

below at the bottom of

at at the end of

by

near

e.g. It's

It's

over there

above the cafeteria,

at the entrance,

b elo w my office,

by the reception desk,

at the top of the stairs,

at the bottom of the stairs,

at the end of the corridor,

near the stairs.

in his office.

on the second floor,

at no. 53 Park Street,

in London,

in Europe.


He is at the station,

at the airport,

at the bus stop,

at the bank.

at home, (not At the home.)

at work. (not At the work.)

at lunch, (not At the lunch.)

on his way to work.

17.3 Talking about direction

to along

down through

up past

e.g. Go to the end of the corridor,

d ow n those stairs,

up these stairs,

along the main street,

through the car park,

past the bank.

into down to

onto back to

up to out to

e.g. Go in to the lift.

onto the motorway,

up to the fifth floor,

d o w n to the first floor,

back to the reception desk,

o u t o f the building.

17.4 O ther uses o f prepositions

Here is a letter for you.

Here's the woman in the blue suit.

He works in Production.

Here's the man w ith the beard.

She's on the admin side.

What's on the menu?

We are all here excep t Johan.

How old is she? Over 20? U nder 30?

He's good at German.

We're good at tennis.

The highest building in the world (not... of the world.)

We went to Turkey on holiday.

We went there by bus/car/train/air.

I'll think about it.

We were talking about money.

I can't go w ith o u t food for very long.

Look at my new office.

Would you like to listen to the radio?

I'm looking for a T-shirt.

She talking on her mobile.

18 WORDS TO NOTE

18.1 make and do

Make and do are sometimes confused.

Make means to create or construct:

e.g. We m ak e cars. They m ake spare parts.

I'm m aking coffee. Would you like some?

Are you m aking a profit?

Make is also used to talk about arrangements,

e.g. Can you m ake five o'clock? No, but I can m ake

five-thirty.

Do is used to talk about activities, especially work:

e.g. What does your company do?

We do a lot of business in North Africa.

What are you d oing here?

18.2 ask, tell and say

Ask!tell + object + infinitive form of the verb:

e.g. A sk him to call me, please.

Tell John to bring the reports.

Say + (that) or tell + object + (that)

Compare:

Say (that) John Smith phoned.

Tell Alan (that) John Smith phoned.

(Thatcan be omitted in these sentences.)

18.3 let's and shall

Let's (let us) and shall are often used to make suggestions.

e.g. Shall I call for you tomorrow?

Shall w e go through the programme now?

Let's drive there.

Let's have a break.

18.4 still, yet anc/already

Still is used to talk about things which are happening around

now. It is normally:

- before the main verb

e.g. Mr Coots still works for ETP.

- after the verb to be

e.g. Mr Coots is still in Rome.

- before a negative

e.g. Mr Coots has still not answered my letter.

Yet is used to talk about things which we expect. It normally

goes at the end of a sentence,

e.g. The taxi hasn't arrived yet.

Are you ready? Not yet.

11ft RFFFPFNrF SFCTION

Already is used to say that things have happened,

e.g. Mr Smith has already left.

I've already phoned for a taxi.

Compare:

How expensive!

How generous!

What an expensive shop!

What a generous man!

18.5 since, for and ago

Since is used with a point in time and for is used with a

period of time.

Compare:

I've been in this office since June.

I've been in this office for six months.

I haven't been to Estonia since 1991.

I haven't been to Estonia for three years.

Ago stands at the end of a time phrase. It is NEVER used with

the Present Perfect tense.

e.g. I left college ten years ago.

(not I have left college ten years ago.)

Stefan joined us three weeks ago.

(not Stefan has joined us three weeks ago.)

18.6 for and until/till

For is used with a length of time and untill till with a point in

time. Till means exactly the same as until.

e.g. I'll be away for five days.

I'll be away until/till Friday.

18.7 Why? and because

Why is used to ask for a reason. Because is used to give

a reason.

e.g. Can we change the time of the meeting?

Why? (What's the problem?)

Because the conference room is booked.

(That is the reason.)

18.8 toanGfinorderto

To is often used to talk about why someone does something.

In order to has the same meaning, but is more formal and/or

emphatic.

Compare:

I'm sending a fax to reach them today.

I'm sending a fax in order to reach them today.

I went to Paris to see the new factory.

I'm going to Paris in order to see the new factory.

18.9 How and What (a)

We use how before adjectives without nouns. We use what (a)

before adjectives with nouns.

18.10 so and such (a)

We use so before adjectives without nouns.

We use such {a) before adjectives with nouns.

Compare:

It's so expensive! It's such an expensive shop!

He's so generous! He's such a generous man!

18.11 so and too

So and too are used to express agreement with an affirmative

statement. Their position is different,

e.g. I work in an office. So do I.

or I do too.

I have a cold. So do I.

or I have one too.

18.12 either, neither and nor

Either, neither and nor are used to express agreement with a

negative statement. The position of either is different from the

position of neither and nor.

Compare:

I'm not well.

with:

I've never been to Mexico City.

Neither am I.

or Nor am I.

or I'm not either.

Neither have I.

or Nor have I.

or I haven't either.

18.13 instead and instead of

Instead is used at the end of a sentence. Instead of is followed

by a noun.

Compare:

I'm booked on the three o'clock flight. I'd like to travel on the

four o'clock flight instead.

I'd like to travel on the four o'clock flight instead of the

three o'clock one.

18.14 one/ones and other/others

One I ones and other I others can be used as substitutes for words

already mentioned,

e.g. (This plate is dirty.)

Here's a clean one.

(Did you eat all the sandwiches?)

No, I left the cheese ones.


(Where are the offices?)

One is in the centre of the city, the other is to the west.

(Have you answered all the letters?)

No, I answered the urgent ones, but I left the others.

19 IRREGULARVERBS

Infinitive Past tense Past participle

be was been

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bite bit bitten

blow blew blown

break broke broken

bring brought brought

build built built

burn burnt burnt

buy bought bought

can could/was able been able

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

come came come

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

do did done

draw drew drawn

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fly flew flown

forecast forecast forecast

forget forgot forgotten

get got got

give gave given

go went gone

grow grew grown

have had had

hear heard heard

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

know knew known

lay laid laid

Infinitive Past tense Past participle

lead led led

learn learnt/learned learnt/learned

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

pay paid paid

put put put

read read read

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

run ran run

say said said

see saw seen

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

shake shook shaken

shine shone shone

show showed shown

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

smell smelt smelt

speak spoke spoken

spell spelt spelt

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

swim swam swum

take took taken

teach taught taught

tell told told

think thought thought

throw threw throne

understand understood understood

wake up woke up woken up

wear wore worn

win won won

write wrote written

e.g. I see my colleagues almost everyday.

I saw our distributor in Barcelona.

I have never seen our factory in Brazil.


20 USEFUL INFORMATION

20.1 Cardinal num bers

1 one 19 nineteen

2 two 20 twenty

3 three 21 twenty-one

4 four 22 twenty-two

5 five 23 twenty-three

6 six 24 twenty-four

7 seven 25 twenty-five

8 eight 26 twenty-six

9 nine 27 twenty-seven

10 ten 28 twenty-eight

11 eleven 29 twenty-nine

12 twelve 30 thirty

13 thirteen 40 forty

14 fourteen 50 fifty

15 fifteen 60 sixty

16 sixteen 70 seventy

17 seventeen 80 eighty

18 eighteen 90 ninety

0 oh or zero

12 twelve or a dozen

100 one hundred or a hundred

106 one hundred and six or one

hundred six (US)

556 five hundred and fifty-six

1000 or 1,000 one thousand or a thousand

5001 or 5,001 five thousand and one

10 000 or 10,000 ten thousand

1,000,000 or lm one million or a million

200m

two hundred million

1,000,000,000 or lbn one billion or a billion

llObn

a hundred and ten billion

0.4 point four or nought point four

0.5126 nought point five one two six

i

4 one quarter or a quarter (informal)

1

2 one half or a half (informal)

3

4 three-quarters

5_

16 five-sixteenths

25% twenty-five per cent

100% a hundred per cent

12\% twelve and a half per cent

55.5% fifty-five point five per cent

Notes

1 The point (.) is used to show decimals. The comma (,) is

used to show thousands or millions or billions.

2 After the decimal point, you read number by number.

3 The difference between numbers like 13 (thirteen) and

30 (thirty) is sometimes difficult to hear, so it may be

necessary to say one-three, three-oh when repeating.

4 British people normally say and after hundreds. Americans

usually leave and out.

5 There is often no comma in 1000.

20.2 Ordinal num bers

1st first 24th twenty-fourth

2nd second 25 th twenty-fifth

3rd third 26 th twenty-sixth

4th fourth 27th twenty- seventh

5th fifth 28 th twenty-eighth

6th sixth 29th twenty-ninth

7th seventh 30th thirtieth

8th eighth 40th fortieth

9th ninth 50th fiftieth

10th tenth 60th sixtieth

20 th twentieth 70th seventieth

21st twenty-first 80th eightieth

22nd twenty-second 90th ninetieth

23rd twenty-third 100th hundredth

20.3 Telephone num bers

We say each figure separately. When the same figure comes

twice, we can say double. 0 is said as zero or as oh:

e.g. 020 259 366 zero (or oh) two zero, two five nine,

three six six (or three double six)

20.4 Some telephone alphabets

American British International

A Able Andrew Amsterdam

B Baker Benjamin Baltimore

C Charlie Charlie Casablanca

D Dog David Denmark

E Easy Edward Edison

F Fox Frederick Florida

G George George Gallipoli

H How Harry Havana

I Item Isaac Italy

J Jig Jack Jerusalem

I< King King Kilogram

L Love Lucy Liverpool

M Mike Mary Madagascar

N Nan Nelly New York

O Oboe Oliver Oslo

P Peter Peter Paris

Q Queen Queenie Quebec


R Roger Robert Rome 20.7 Days, m onths and seasons

S Sugar Sugar Santiago

T Tare Tommy Tripoli Days Months Seasons

U Uncle Uncle Uppsala Monday January spring

V Victor Victory Valencia Tuesday February summer

W William William Washington Wednesday March autumn (fall US)

X X-ray Xmas Xantippe Thursday April winter

Y Yankee Yellow Yokohama Friday May

Z Zebra /ziibra/ Zulu Zurich Saturday June

Sunday

July

20.5 Ages August

Note the difference in spelling and punctuation.

That man is thirty years old.

He's a thirty year-old man.

The contract is for five years.

It's a five-year contract.

20.6 Time

You can ask the time in two ways:

What is (what's) the time? or What time is it?

A simple way to tell the time is to say the numbers:

8.15 eight fifteen 9.27

11.30 eleven thirty 7.55

You can say the hours in two ways:

nine nine o'clock

To be exact, you can say:

ten am ten in the morning

ten pm ten in the evening

am = midnight to midday

nine twenty-seven

seven fifty-five

pm = midday to midnight

You can also tell the time in this way:

I

12 12 II 12

r ° ! 2 I f 1° / 2 A f 10 2 1

3-1 1-9

i 9

• 3| |9 -- 31

V8 f AJ V b / A J V 8 AJ

six o'clock

five past seven

a quarter past eight 2.1.08

half past nine twenty to ten a quarter to eleven

2.05 = Five past two in British English. Five after two in

American English.

2.55 = Five to three in British English. Five of three in

American English.

September

October

November

December

Expressions with days, months and seasons

on Monday in January in (the) spring

this Tuesday next April last spring

before Friday after July till winter

by Saturday

Festivals

(at) Easter

(at) Christmas

(at) Diwali

(in) Ramadan

(on) Independence Day

(at) Carnival time

20.8 Years and dates

1621 sixteen twenty-one

1905 nineteen five or nineteen hundred and five

or nineteen oh five

2000 the year two thousand

2009 two thousand and nine

You can ask the date in two ways:

What is (What's) the date? What date is it?

3 June 11

3 June 2011

June 3, 2011

3rd June, 201:

the second of January, two thousand and

eight

or January the second, two thousand and

eight

(In American English, this is the first of

February, two thousand and eight.)

the third of June, two thousand and eleven

June the third, two thousand and eleven

(US English) June third, two thousand

and eleven


20.9 Measurem ents

When you describe measurements you say:

The pipe is five metres (5m) long,

or The pipe is five metres in length,

or It is a five-metre (5m) pipe.

You can say:

The cable is two hundred feet (200ft) long,

or It is a two-hundred-foot (200ft) cable.

The most common measurements are given in the

table below.

(In the UK both systems are used. Distances between towns

are given in miles. Lengths of wood are given in metres)

Metric

American

Length

1 millimetre = 0.039 inch

1centimetre

= 0.3937 inch

1 metre = 1.094 yards

1 kilometre = 0.6214 mile

Weight

100 grammes = 3.527 ounces

1 kilogramme = 2.205 pounds

1 tonne (1,000kg) = 0.984 ton

Capacity

1 decilitre = 0.176 pints

1litre

= 1.76 pints

1decalitre

= 2.20 gallons

Area

1 square centimetre = 0.155 sq. inch

1 square metre = 1.196 sq. yards

1 hectare = 2.471 acres

1 square kilometre = 0.386 sq. mile

Volume

1 cubic centimetre = 0.061 cu. inch

1 cubic metre = 1.308 cu. yards

Notes

1 metre, litre, etc. = meter, liter, etc. in American English.

2 informal: kilo (kilo gramme)

20.10 M oney

EU

You write: You say:

1 c one cent

25c twenty-five cents

€ 1 one euro

or a euro

€1.50 one euro fifty

or one euro and fifty cents

€3.75 three euros and seventy-five

three euros and seventy-five cents

€8m eight million euros

American

You write: You say:

lc or $0.01 one cent

56c fifty-six cents

$ 1 a dollar

or one dollar

$ 1.20 one dollar twenty

or one dollar and twenty cents

$3.75 three dollars seventy-five

or three dollars and seventy-five cents

$3bn three billion dollars

Other currencies

British

You write:

IP

56p or 0.56

£1

£ 1.20

£3.75

£5m

£5.5m

You say:

one penny

or one pence

or one p

fifty-six pence

or fifty-six p

one pound

or a pound

one pound twenty

or one pound twenty pence

three pounds seventy-five

or three pounds (and) seventy-five pence

five million pounds

five point five million pounds

or five and a half million pounds

or five million, five hundred thousand pounds

20.11 Countries and nationalities

To talk about people and things from a particular country,

you have to know three words:

- the adjective used to refer to the country

- the word used for a person from the country

- the word used (with the) to refer to the whole nation.

Usually the word used for a person is the same as the

adjective. The word used for the nation is the plural of this.

However, in some cases there is a different form for the

person. Apologies to countries not included in the list on the

next page.


Country Adjective Person Nation

Albania Albanian an Albanian the Albanians

Algeria Algerian an Algerian the Algerians

America American an American the Americans

Argentina Argentinian an Argentinian the Argentinians

Australia Australian an Australian the Australians

Austria Austrian an Austrian the Austrians

Belgium Belgian a Belgian the Belgians

Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian the Brazilians

Britain British a Briton the British

Bulgaria Bulgarian a Bulgarian the Bulgarians

Canada Canadian a Canadian the Canadians

China Chinese a Chinese the Chinese

Czech

Republic Czech a Czech the Czechs

Denmark Danish a Dane the Danes

Egypt Egyptian an Egyptian the Egyptians

England English an Englishman* the English

Finland Finnish a Finn the Finnish

France French a Frenchman* the French

Germany German a German the Germans

Greece Greek a Greek the Greeks

Holland Dutch a Dutchman the Dutch

Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian the Hungarians

India Indian an Indian the Indians

Iran Iranian an Iranian the Iranians

Ireland Irish an Irishman* the Irish

Italy Italian an Italian the Italians

Japan Japanese a Japanese the Japanese

Kenya Kenyan a Kenyan the Kenyans

Korea Korean a Korean the Koreans

Lebanon Lebanese a Lebanese the Lebanese

Libya Libyan a Libyan the Libyans

Malaysia Malaysian a Malaysian the Malaysians

Mexico Mexican a Mexican the Mexicans

Nigeria Nigerian a Nigerian the Nigerians

Norway Norwegian a Norwegian the Norwegians

Poland Polish a Pole the Poles

Oman Omani an Omani the Omanis

Russia Russian a Russian the Russians

Scotland Scottish a Scot the Scottish

Slovakia Slovak a Slovak the Slovaks

Spain Spanish a Spaniard the Spanish

Sweden Swedish a Swede the Swedish

Ukraine Ukrainian a Ukrainian the Ukrainians

Uruguay Uruguayan a Uruguayan the Uruguayans

* When referring to a woman, this becomes: an English

woman; A French woman; an Irish woman.

20.12 Geographical location

west

W

north-west

N W y

north

N

^ *

south-west

SW

north-east

. NE

\^ south-east

SE

r

south

east

E

e.g. Where is your head office?

Eighty kilometres west of Cairo.

Do you have any distribution centres in Egypt?

Yes, in the south-west of the country.

20.13 Parts o f the w orld

12^

1 Western Europe 9 Australia

2 North America 10 South-East Asia

3 Eastern Europe 11 Far East/Asia Pacific

4 North Africa 12 Central America

5 South America 13 East Africa

6 Middle East 14 Scandinavia

7 Southern Africa 15 Asia Pacific

8 India

The names for different regions of the world can vary

depending on where you live.

15

11

10


20.14 Titles

Mr is used for married and unmarried men.

Miss is used for unmarried women.

Mrs is used for married women.

Ms is used for married and unmarried women.

Notes

1 Mr (= Mister) is not usually written in full. The other titles

cannot be written in full.

2 Dear Sir and Dear Madam are ways of beginning letters to

people you don't know. In other situations, Sir and Madam

are unusual.

e.g. Excuse me, could you tell me the time?

(not Excuse me, sir.)

20.15 Abbreviations

The list below shows some of the abbreviations used in

this study guide.

Av. avenue

admin. administration

dept department

etc. etcetera (= and so on

Dr. drive

info information

no. number

PL place

Rd. road

rep representative

Sq. square

St. street

tel. telephone

20.17 Clothing sizes

All the size equivalents are approximate.

Men's suits and coats

British 36 38 40 42 44 46 48

American 36 38 40 42 44 46 48

European 46 48 50 52 54 56 58

Men's shirts

British 14 14 2 15 15i 16 161 17

American 14 I4i 15 151 16 16! 17

European 36 37 38 39/40 41 42 43

Men's shoes

British 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

American 71

‘ 2 »! 10J H i 12! 13!

European 4C>2 42 43 445 45^ 47 48

Men's socks

British 93 10 IO3 11 Hi 12

American 10 ioi 11 Hi 12

European 39 40 41 42 43 44

Women's dresses and suites

British 8 10 12 14 16 18

American - 8 10 12 14 16

European - 38 40 42 44 46

Women's shoes

British 4 4 5 ^2 6 6 ! 7

American 6 65 7 ?! 8 82

European 37 3 7\ 38 39 39! 40 40 3

20.16 British and Am erican spelling

The list below shows some of the words used in this book.

British American

cancelled canceled

centre center

dialled dialed

litre

liter

metre meter

programme program

theatre theater

through thru

travelled traveled


Glossary of business-related terms

a/c: account

accountant: 1 person who keeps a company's accounts

2 person who advises a company on its finances

accounts department: department in a company which

deals with money paid, received, borrowed or owed

admin: administration, (informal) paperwork

administration: organisation or control or management of a

company

administrative assistant: clerical employee who helps with

the paperwork in an office

advertising department: department which deals with

advertising (trying to persuade customers to buy a product

or service)

agent: person who represents a company or a person in an area

agreement: contract between two parties which explains

how they will act

assistant: person who supports, e.g. sales assistant, Assistant

Manager

associate: connected in some way, e.g. an associate

company, a business associate

background: past details, e.g. background information

billing: (US) writing and sending of invoices and bills

boardroom: room where directors of a company meet

booking: act of ordering a room or a seat

boss: employer, person in charge

branch: local office of a bank of large business

brochure: publicity booklet

budget: plan of expected spending and income

business analyst: person who makes a detailed

examination/analysis of a business or market

card: business card showing a person's name and the

company he/she works for

caterer: person who supplies food and drink, e.g. for a

canteen

CEO: chief executive officer

chain: a number of stores belonging to the same company,

e.g. a chain of shoe shops, a hotel chain

chairman or chairperson: 1 head of a company

2 person who is in charge of a meeting

Chamber of Commerce: group of local business people

who meet to discuss problems which they have in

common and to promote commerce in their town/area

chief executive officer: executive in charge of a company

civil servant: person who works in the Civil (government)

Service

Civil Service: organisation and personnel which administer

a country

clerk: person who works in an office, e.g. filing clerk

client: person or company with whom you do business or

who pays for a service

colleague: person who works with you

commission: money paid to a sales person or company,

usually a percentage of the value of sales made

committee: official group that meets regularly, often

responsible for organising a particular area, e.g. the staff

social club committee

computer programmer: person who writes computer

programs

computer software: computer programs (as opposed to

machines)

conference: meeting for people with a common interest,

e.g. sales conference = meeting of sales managers,

representatives, publicity staff, etc.

construction company: company which specialises in

building

contact: person you know or person you can ask for help or

advice

contract: legal agreement between two parties

controller: person who controls an area such as finance,

e.g. financial controller

credit: period of time a customer is allowed before he/she

has to pay a debt for goods or services

credit card: plastic card which allows you to borrow money

and to buy goods without paying immediately

(e.g. American Express, Visa)

credit note: note given to someone showing that an amount

of money is owed to them

customer: person or company that buys goods or services

data processing: organising and analysing computer

information

deadline: date by which something has to be done

debrief: to meet to discuss and review information or a past

event

department: specialised section of a large company

deposit: money given in advance as part-payment to secure

something

dept: department

deputy: person who can take the place of another,

e.g. deputy sales director

118 GLOSSARY

director: senior person who is in charge of a division or

department, e.g. Personnel Director, Finance Director

discount: percentage by which a full price is reduced (to a

buyer) by the seller

distributor: company or person that sells goods for another

company which makes them

division: main section of a large company,

e.g. manufacturing division

draft: preliminary rough version of a document, e.g. draft report

economist: person who specialises in economics

enterprise: a business or company, e.g. Telot Enterprises

executive: person in a business who takes decisions, a

manager or director (NB sales executive = sales rep)

executive vice president: (US) one of the directors of a

company who is in charge of a department or division,

e.g. sales manufacturing

export: to sell goods to buyers in foreign countries

extension: individual telephone linked to the main

switchboard

extension lead: an extra cable for a piece of electrical

equipment

facilities: equipment or buildings which make it possible to

do something, e.g. transport facilities

filing cabinet: metal or wooden box with several drawers

for keeping files

filing system: way of putting documents in order for reference

finance department: department which deals with the

money used by a company

firm: company or business

flipchart: stand with large sheets of paper clipped together,

used in presentations

goods: products

goods inwards: area where deliveries to a company are

received

guarantee: legal document which promises that a machine

will work properly or that an item is of good quality

head office: main office, where the board of directors works

and meets

hire: pay money to use equipment or people (sometimes

property) for a period of time; see also rent

hirer: person who pays money for the use of

equipment/machinery, e.g. a car

human resources department: see personnel department

import: goods bought from foreign suppliers and brought

into a country

Inc: Incorporated, e.g. ABC Inc.

industrial designer: person who designs products

made by machines, e.g. cars

industry: a branch or area of business activity which

includes many companies supplying similar or related

products or services, e.g. the car industry, the tourist

industry

inflation: economic situation where prices rise and the value

of money falls

insurance: agreement that in return for regular payments, a

company will pay compensation for loss, damage, injury, etc.

itinerary: list of places to be visited on a journey or trip

leave: permission to be away from work

legal department: section of a company dealing with

matters relating to the law

lessor: person who rents out property (or equipment) to a

tenant (or hirer)

limited company: company where members/shareholders

are responsible for the company's debts only up to the

value of the shares they hold

line: telephone line (outside line = line that connects to the

system outside the office)

log: book containing an official record, e.g. telephone log

logo: symbol or design used by a company as a mark on its

products and in advertising

Ltd: limited, e.g. Jim Haines Ltd

main market: main area where a product might be sold

maintenance: keeping things going or working

management: directing or running a business

management information systems: equipment and

procedures which provide managers with information,

usually computerised

manager: head of department in a company, e.g. sales

manager, advertising manager

managing director: director who is in charge of a whole

company

manufacturer: person or company that makes machinemade

products

marketing department: department in a company which

specialises in using marketing techniques (e.g. packaging,

advertising) to sell a product

MD: managing director

model number: reference number identifying style or type

of product

multinational (company): company which has branches

or subsidiary companies in several countries

non-executive director: director who attends board

meetings and gives advice, but does not work full-time for

the company

office manager: person responsible for the administration of

an office or group of offices

OHP: overhead projector

paint shop: department or area where products, e.g. cars,

are painted or sprayed

PC: personal computer

personnel: the people employed in an organisation

personnel department: section of the company which

deals with staff matters; also known as the human

resources department

Glossary 119

plant: factory

postroom: room in an office where the post is sorted

PR: public relations

presentation: demonstration or exhibition of a new product

or a proposed plan

production department: section of a company which deals

with the making of the company's products

profit: money gained from a sale which is more than the

money spent

purchase order: official order made out by a purchasing

department for goods or services

purchasing department: section of a company which deals

with buying of stock, raw materials, equipment, etc.

R&D: Research and Development

rates: amount of money charged per hour, day, etc., e.g. car

hire rates

receipt: piece of paper showing that money has been paid or

that something has been received

reception: 1 place (in a hotel or office) where visitors

register or say who they have come to see

2 function arranged to welcome new arrivals or visitors

records: documents and other information kept because

they may be needed in the future

recruitment department: section of a company which

deals with looking for or getting new staff

ref no.: reference number

reference number: number that makes it possible to find a

document which has been filed

refund: money paid back, e.g. for returned goods

rent: to pay money to use property (sometimes equipment)

for a time (see also hire)

rental: money paid to use an office, etc. for a time

rep: representative, e.g. sales rep

Research and Development department: department

which carries out scientific investigation leading to new

products or improvement of existing ones

sack: to dismiss a member of staff

salary: payment for work, usually in the form of a monthly

cheque, made to an employee with a contract

sales department: section of a company which deals in

selling the company's products or services

sales figures: total sales, or sales broken down by category

schedule: timetable or plan made in advance

section: department in a company

security: 1 staff who protect an office or factory, e.g. from

burglars 2 system which protects, e.g. electronic security

system

service: to keep a machine in good working order

service (charge): charge added to a bill in a restaurant to pay

for service

share: official document showing that the holder shares

ownership of a company; shares usually entitle the holder

to receive a dividend (share of the profits) and to vote at

the AGM (Annual General Meeting)

shareholder: person who owns shares in a company

showroom: room where goods are displayed for sale

shredder: machine for cutting documents into thin strips so

they cannot be read

site: place where there are buildings (site plan = plan which

shows where different buildings are)

spare part: piece of machinery used to replace part of a

machine which is broken or worn out

standard: normal or usual, e.g. standard model

sterling: standard currency used in the United Kingdom

stock: quantity of goods for sale or for use in production (out

of stock = there is no stock left)

stock control manager: manager responsible for

controlling stock - movement in and out, levels,

re-ordering, etc.

stockbroker: person who buys and sells shares for clients

store: 1 place where goods are kept

2 quantity of items or materials kept because they will

be needed

subsidiary: company which is owned by a parent company

supplement: thing which is added

supplier: person or company that supplies goods or services

switchboard: central point in a telephone system, where all

lines meet

tariff: 1 tax to be paid for importing or exporting goods

2 rate of charging, e.g. for hotels rooms, car hire

tax: money taken by a government or an official body to pay

for government services

tax lawyer: person who specialises in laws relating to tax

training department: department responsible for staff

training

transport manager: person in charge of transportation,

e.g. delivering goods

travel agent: person who arranges travel for customers

trip: journey (business trip = journey relating to work)

unit: single building or small department, e.g. medical unit,

translation unit

VAT: value-added tax (UK sales tax)

wages: money paid (usually in cash each week) to a worker

for work done

warehouse: large building where goods are stored

workshop: 1 small factory

2 area in a building where mechanical work is done

120 GLOSSARY

Answers

UNIT 1 About you

1 Telephone numbers

See audioscript page 135.

Notes

In telephone numbers:

733 = seven three three (not seven

hundred and thirty-three)

0 = oh or zero

88 = eight eight or double eight (not

eighty-eight)

2 Dialogues

a Excuse me.

b No, I'm not.

c I'm sorry,

d That's OK.

e What's your name?

f It's nice to meet you.

g Where are you from?

h What do you do?

1 I'm a sales rep.

j I'm in the legal department.

3 Vocabulary, a/an

(possible answers)

a Japanese/German

b good

c Italian/international

d international/Italian

e sales manager

f manufacturing

g German/Japanese

4 Simple exchanges

(possible answers)

a Is Lucy Gomme from Fox

Construction, Glasgow?

b Yes, it is.

c Is Fox Construction in London?

d No, it isn't. It's Lucy,

e Are you in the maintenance

department?

f Yes, she is.

g No, I'm not. I'm from Spar

Engineering, Chicago.

Note

Glasgow is a major city in Scotland.

UNIT 2 About your job

1 Listening for key information

a Claude b law firm

c Monaco d manager

e Benedict f Saffer Security

g assistant h department

2 Object pronouns: me, him, etc.

a her b you

c them d him

e us

f them

g me

Notes

don't = do not

doesn't = does not

3 Use of the and -

a the b -

c the/- d the

e the/- f the

g the h the the

5 Identifying yourself

Notes

i An electrical engineer is qualified

in electrical engineering

ii (maintenance) side =

(maintenance) department or

area

iii it's = it is

UNIT 3 About where you work

1 Saying what you do and where

you work

a In an office in the centre of town,

b 97 Morton Street,

c It's on the fourth floor,

d Yes, they have one near the

airport,

e No, there aren't.

2 Cardinal numbers

5 five 25 twenty-five

11 eleven 30 thirty

16 sixteen 70 seventy

22 twenty-two

3 Ordinal numbers

1st first 6th sixth

2nd second 7th seventh

3rd third 8th eighth

4th fourth 9th nineth

5th fifth 10th tenth

4 The verb to have

a has/has

b have

c Does your hotel have

d Do they have

e Doesn't have/has

Notes

it's = it is; doesn't = does not

5 Dialogue

a for b Where

c in

d near

e any f some

g in

h have

i address j on

k basement

Note

Street/Road have capital letters

'S'/'R' when used in addresses.

6 there is!are) some/any

a any/thereare

b there is

c any/there are some

d any

e There aren't any/there are some

f Is there/there is

g Are there any/there aren't

Are there any/there are some

Answers 121

UNIT 4 Your business activities

1 Dialogue

a does your company do

b in the computer business

c import

d do you do most of your business

e eighty per cent of

f in Western Europe

g much business in the Middle East

h not much

i at the moment

j it's going very well

2 The Present Continuous vs. the

Simple Present

a i b ii

c i

d ii

e i f ii

g i

3 Questions

a iv b vii

c ix

d i

e viii f ii

g vi h V

i iii

4 Writing abo ut your company

Note

SA (used in some European

languages) = Ltd. (Limited

Company)

5 a lot of/ much/many; make/do

a do b do, a lot of

c many, many d make

e a lot of f many, a lot

g do, much h making, much

i doing, making j much, much

k much 1 making

UNIT 5 The location of your

company

1 Reading a map; compass points

(possible answers)

Plymouth is two hundred and

fourteen miles south-west of

London; that's about three hundred

and forty kilometres.

Cardiff is to the west of London; it's

about two hundred and forty

kilometres by road.

Birmingham is about one hundred

and ninety kilometres away from

London, to the north-west.

York is three hundred and thirty

kilometres north of London; that's

about two hundred and ten miles.

Notes

that's = that is

Many English speaking countries

use miles.

1 mile = 1.609 kilometres

kilometre (UK spelling) = kilometer

(US spelling)

2 Possessive adjectives and

possessive nouns

(possible answers)

a Its number is 6872 543.

b The Managing Director's name is

Wallace Bright,

c His number is 6871 227.

d The Non-Executive Directors'

names are Ray Bunghi and

Mai Nixon,

e Their numbers are 4002 356 and

3679 901.

f The Sales Manager's secretary's

number is 6871 395.

g Her name is Maria Cobb,

h The Sales Manager's name is

Anne Grundig.

Inc = incorporated

3 Dialogue

a main b place

c that d exactly

e about f far from

g away h to the north

5 N um bers 100-1000; p lu ral nouns

a Three hundred and fifty sales

people

b A hundred and twenty-six bosses

c Two hundred and forty-eight

branches

d Five hundred and eighty shelves

e Eight hundred and seventy

women

f A hundred and twenty-one men

g Six hundred and ninety radios

h Nine hundred and sixteen

companies

i Four hundred and twelve

addresses

UNIT 6 The layout of your

company

1 Identifying building

1 Main gate

2 Administration (admin) block

3 Service Centre and Maintenance

4 Showroom

5 Conference centre

6 Production

7 Car park

8 Testing area

9 Goods Inwards and Stores

2 D em onstrative adjectives:

this/thatr etc.

a These b this

c these d that

e this f That

g those

N ote

What's = What is

122 ANSWERS

3 Dialogue 3 a few!a little

a main b place a cash

c your d block b coffee

e that f behind c Spanish

g How h along d Chinese phrases

i on j entrance e Arabic words

Notes

That's = That is

block = building

admin = administration

4 Giving directions

(possible answers)

a It's on the left, next to the testing

area.

b Where's the main block?

c Where's the main production

building?

d It's on the left here, next to the

car park,

e It's between the conference

centre and the workshops and

maintenance block,

f Where's the testing area?

g Where's the paint shop?

5 Prepositions of direction

a through b along

c up d to

e down f past

g out of h into

6 Prepositions of place

(possible answers)

a next to b behind

c in

d on

e opposite f behind

g next

UNIT 7 Meeting and welcoming

1 Greetings and introductions

e.g. a b c d e f g h

Greeting S / S S

Introduction / / / / /

2 Nationalities and languages

a Brazilian b Britain

c Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese,

etc.)

d Arabic e France

f Hungarian g Japanese

h Russian i Spain

j American

The Past tense of to be: was!were

e.g. Were you in New York?

a Where were you?

b How were your travel

arrangements?

c Were you in your hotel?

d We weren't in the hotel,

e We were in KPG's offices,

f They were interested in our

proposals,

g But their purchasing manager

was concerned about delivery

times.

h Price wasn't an issue.

Notes

weren't = were not

wasn't = was not

UNIT 8 The first two minutes

1 A chance meeting in Japan

a m b [T]

c m d m

e El f m

f milk

2 Time references: parts of the day

g cars in the car park a - b on

h people c - d on, in

Notes e - f in

I'd = I would g -

weren't = were not

3 Days of the week

Simple exchanges Mon = Monday Tue = Tuesday

a iv b v Wed = Wednesday Thu = Thursday

c vii d viii Fri = Friday Sat = Saturday

e vi f iii Sun = Sunday

g i

h i i

4 Present Continuous used for the

Note

future

it's = it is

(possible answers)

Meeting an associate off a plane a I am working at my desk and

a Hi

b too

sending emails, etc.

c journey d terrible

b Yes, I have a production meeting,

e dear f late

c I am driving to our office in

g Yes, it was h Were

[Paris].

i not j to

d Yes, I am leaving for [Korea] in

the morning,

e We are going to visit my wife's

parents.

f I'm not going to be in the office.

I'm on holiday next week.

UNIT 9 Partings and thanks

1 Goodbyes and thanks

When are you leaving? 13

Have a good flight. 0

Thanks for your help. 0

Thank you for everything. LJ

See you next week, then. HI

I'll email you next week. _J

Don't forget to call me. 0

Remember me to your wife. 0

Give my regards to your MD. ,.J

Keep in touch. d!

Say 'hello' to Maria

CD

2 will in promises

(possible answers)

- Thank you for everything.

- You're welcome. Don't forget to

call us.

- I won't.

Answers 123

- Have a good flight. And give my

regards to your colleagues.

- I will.

- You must visit us again soon.

- And you must visit us.

- Thanks - we will.

- Bye.

3 Prepositions: m o n th s and

seasons

a - b at

c during d in

e at f in

g in

4 Im peratives

a Please let me know this evening,

b Please keep in touch,

c See you again soon,

d Don't forget to send me the

report.

e Remember me to your secretary,

f Thank you for everything,

g Have a good journey home.

UNIT 10 Setting up a meeting

1 Two m eetings

Call 1 Call 2

Type of Budget Sales

meeting meeting meeting

Day/Date 12 th Friday

Time 11.30 3.00

Call 1: Can Carla make it? No.

Call 2: Can Mr Galis make it? Yes.

2 A rranging a m eeting

a 3 b 2

c 4 d 1

N ote

Hope you can (an abbreviation used

in informal messages) = I hope you

can

3 D ialogue

- Can you make Wednesday?

- No, I'm sorry, I can't.

- Are you free on Thursday?

- I'm afraid not.

- How about Friday?

- Yes, that suits me very well.

- Can you make three o'clock?

- Yes, that's fine.

- Good. See you then.

- OK.

4 D ates an d tim es

a 16/10/99 b 3/5/09

c 6.25 d 7.35

e 11.00 f 1600

g 2010 h 1968

i 90th j eleven thirty

k six fifteen

1 the seventeenth of June (June

the seventeenth)

m the twenty-first of March (March

the twenty-first)

n The twelfth of

September/September the

twelfth two thousand and six

0 twenty-fifth of

February/February the twentyfifth

two thousand and sixteen

p eighteen ninety-nine

q nineteen eighty-five

Notes

1 May 3rd = May the third

6th June = the sixth of June

In emails the endings -thl-rd are

often omitted: 3 May, 6 June, etc.

ii In US English 12/9/07 = the ninth

of December two thousand and

seven.

In UK English 12/9/07 = the

twelfth of September two

thousand and seven.

5 can/can't; use of make in

arrangem ents

a We can make the meeting at

eleven o'clock,

b Can he make the appointment on

Wednesday?

c She can't make the sales

conference in June,

d I can't make the appointment in

the morning,

e They can make the breakfast

meeting tomorrow,

f We can't make the sales meeting

at 4.30 tomorrow afternoon,

g Can they make the conference in

20..?

h He can make the three o'clock

meeting on the 16th.

U N IT 11 Confirming arrangements

1 C onfirm ing tim e an d place

Tuesday: 11.30 / -

W ednesday: 10.00 / Room 317

2 E m bedded (indirect) questions

a Do you know what time it is?

b Can you tell me if the meeting is

going ahead?

c Can you check what day it is?

d Do you know if it's on Monday or

Tuesday?

e Can you tell me who is coming?

f Can you check if it's in Room 407?

g Do you know how many people

are coming?

h Do you know if you can make it?

N otes

going ahead = happening

it's = it is

3 D ialogue

a

c

e

confirm

make

details

b

d

f

week's

check

ahead

g Paul's h right

i ten j still

k know

N otes

isn't = is not

4 still/yet (possible answers)

d Is Wednesday's meeting still in

the Conference room?

e Do you know if Thursday's

meeting is at two or three yet?

f Do you know where Thursday's

meeting is yet?

g Is Friday's meeting still at twelve?

h Do you know if Friday's meeting

is still in the Boardroom?

i Is Saturday's meeting still at

seven pm?

j Do you know where Saturday's

meeting is yet?

5 Yesterday's conversation, Tuesday's

meeting, etc.

a The meeting on Tuesday

b July's conference

c The appointment (for) tomorrow

d Saturday's arrangements

e The plans for 2010.

124 ANSWERS

6 to I in order to

(possible answers)

I am writing to Maria Bush to/in

order to thank her for lunch.

She is flying to Japan to/in order to

visit a customer.

He is emailing John to/in order to

tell him the new room number.

They are going to Mario's to/in order

to have a coffee.

We are going to their website to/in

order to check the address.

UNIT 12 Changing plans

1 why and because

a iii

b ii

c i

d iv

2 will!will not

(possible answers)

Will your manager be in Tokyo next

Monday?

Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she won't.

Will the meeting room be free this

evening?

Yes, it will. / No, it won't.

Will your assistant be in the office

tomorrow?

Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she won't.

Will your family be away next

week?

Yes, they will. / No, they won't.

Will Reception check our security

passes?

Yes, they will. / No, they won't.

Will you be back by 6pm?

Yes, I will. / No, I won't.

3 have to

(possible answers)

a I have to read French at work,

b My colleagues have to write faxes

in Arabic,

c My boss has to use English on the

phone.

d The sales reps don't have to speak

Russian with customers,

e I don't have to write reports in

English.

f My secretary has to understand

instructions in Spanish.

g I have to speak to visitors in

English.

Dialogue

a we'll b the problem

c booked d after lunch

e then f at six o'clock

g back h Why don't we

i free j find out

5 Questions and short answers

a Will you be home by 5.00?

Yes, I will. / No, I won't,

b Do you have to speak English in

your job?

Yes, I do. / No, I don't,

c Can we change the time to three

o'clock?

Yes, we can. / No, we can't,

d Do your colleagues have to speak

English on the phone?

Yes, they do. / No, they don't,

e Does your assistant have to be in

the office tomorrow?

Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she

doesn't.

f Can he change the appointment

to Friday?

Yes, he can. / No, he can't.

6 Suggestions

(possible answers)

a Why don't we meet in Room

204?

b Could we meet in the afternoon?

c We could meet on Wednesday?

d Why don't we change the room?

e How about beginning earlier?

f What about starting the meeting

later?

UNIT 13 Dealing with the

unexpected

1 Cancelling/postponing

a ii b i c iv d iii

2 too/either

a I'm not well either,

b I don't like meetings either,

c I have a cold too.

d We're very busy too.

e I can't make Monday's meeting

either.

f I'm ill too.

g I won't be back by Friday either,

h That suit's me too.

Notes

we're = we are

either is pronounced /aido/ or /i:6o/

3 call off/put off

a Could we put it off?

b I can't put off Tuesday's

appointment.

I can't put Tuesday's appointment

off.

c He will have to call it off.

d They can put it off, if they want,

e You don't have to call off the

conference

You don't have to call the

conference off.

f Will they put off the

arrangement?

Will they put the arrangement

off?

g She won't put off Friday's

conference.

She won't put Friday's

conference off.

Notes

can't = cannot; don't = do not;

won't = will not.

4 Dialogue: unexpected problem

a about b everything

c put it off d problem

e going to f down

g sorry h postpone

i How about j sorry

k suits

could in requests

a iv b iii

c vii

d vi

e ii f V

g i

6 Intentions and plans - going to

(possible answers)

a Questions

Where is she going to stay?

How much is this going to cost?

Who is going to pay?

b Statements

He called to say he's going to be late.

Answers 125

They are going to be in Cairo next

week.

She is going to send us the web link.

c Negatives

I'm afraid the work isn't going to be

ready.

We aren't going to know till next

week.

I'm not going to tell you.

UNIT 14 Explaining and

apologising

1 Explanations and apologies

a b c

i 0 i m i El

ii m ii CD ii m

iii CD iii iii El

2 The Past tense

a - He didn't lose the phone

number,

b + She wanted to phone,

c - They didn't forget the meeting,

d + We missed the appointment,

e - He didn't try to call,

f + I had Lo see a client,

g - We didn't take a client to the

airport.

3 Dialogue

a missed b forget

c didn't d happened

e had f Did you

g did h wanted

i didn't have

UNIT 15 Making contact by phone

1 Getting through

i a Can I speak to someone

b Could I speak to

c Is that

d Could you put me through to

ii a You're through now.

b I'm putting you through now.

c I'll connect you to Sales,

d I can connect you now.

2 Using a spelling alphabet

Note

If you don't know a telephone

alphabet, use other words, e.g. This is

Ben Ozikis - that's B for Brussels, E for

Egypt, etc.

3 Dialogue

a Can I speak

c through

e This is

g Fine

i it's about

4 Is it possible...?

(possible answers)

Is it possible to speak to someone in

Sales?

Is it possible for you to call again in

the morning?

Is it possible to give her a message?

Is it possible for you to give me his

mobile phone number?

Is it possible for us to have your

direct number?

Is it possible for your assistant to

email the report?

Is it possible for you to hold on?

Is it possible for us to meet later?

UNIT 16 Dealingwith incoming

calls

1 Dealing with calls

a vii b V

c viii d i

e ii f iv

g vi h iii

b One moment

d is that

f how are

h can I do

j help you

2 Times

a Six o'clock

b Seven fifteen/A quarter past

seven

c Eight thirty/Half past eight

d Nine forty-five/A quarter to ten

e Ten twenty-five/Twenty-five past

ten

f Eleven forty/Twenty to twelve

g Twelve fifty/Ten to one

3 for and until/till

(possible answers)

John will be out of the office till

Wednesday.

Mary will be on holiday until 27th

August.

Mr Smith will be in a meeting for

about an hour.

He won't be out of the meeting till

half past eleven.

They won't be back from lunch

till 2 o'clock.

Mrs Jones won't be back at her desk

till after lunch.

4 Who

a Who is dealing with this?

b Who took this message from AIT?

c Who spoke to you when you

called?

d Who are you calling?

e Who do you want to speak to?

f Who did she speak to when she

called?

UNIT 17 Leaving and taking

messages

1 Telephone messages

Call 1

Message for AWr&w

Caller's name Cfivn M o

Company

Phone number ?93I?2_

Please ring back D Will call again D

Return your call 0 Urgent dl

Message We. wi££ be- in town t i l l six.

Date Time Taken by

Call 2

Message for Tania U\n fo s

Caller's name ASK^ C o n tro lle r

Company ASK.

Phone number Sl^-5

Please ring back 13 Will call again D

Returned your call CH Urgent 0

Message ?le.(xse- tail k e - r a.s soon as

014 g e - f i'h .

Date Time Taken by

2 Currencies

a ii b iv

c V d viii

e ix f iii

g vii h i

i X j vi

126 ANSWERS

3 say /tell/ ask

(possible answers)

a i/v/vii b i/v

c ii/iii/iv d ii/iii/iv

e viii f vi

g i/v/vii h i/v

4 Dialogue

b Hello. Is that Petra?

i No, I'm afraid it isn't,

d She's at lunch at the moment.

C Can I take a message?

e Yes, please.

h Could you tell her that Don Roger

called?

g Sorry, I didn't catch your name,

a Don Roger, that's R-O-G-E-R.

j Thank you, Mr Roger,

f I'll tell her.

Notes

she's = she is

I'll = I will

didn't = did not

5 Some language points

l a 2 a

3 c 4 c

5 b 6 b

6 Writing numbers in full

a Fifteen thousand Saudi riyal

b Eight hundred and forty-five

dollars

c One hundred and sixty-seven

million yen

d Seventy-five billion roubles

e Sixteen million pounds

f One thousand three hundred and

eighty-six (Chinese) yuan

g Eight point five million dollars

h Three hundred and twenty-five

thousand euros

U N IT 18 Email and telephone

problems

1 Problems

(possible answers)

a Her battery is low.

b The email address was wrong,

c The number is always engaged,

d The phone is out of order,

e He can't access his mailbox.

f He has the wrong number,

g The report did not arrive.

2 Exchanges

a iii b i

c vii

d viii

e ii f V

g vi

h iv

Notes:

i you're = you are; can't = cannot;

it's = it is; couldn't = could not; I'll

= I will

ii get (a phone call/email) =

receive; get through (on the

phone) = reach/make contact; it

bounced back = it was returned

3 Dialogue

(possible answers)

a up

b up

c back d on

e through f on

g before/after h on

i to

4 try + infinitive

(possible answers)

a vi

b iv

c vii

d v

e i

f viii

g iii

h ii

5 Approximate times

(possible answers)

a I emailed you just before 3.00.

b Your phone was engaged all

morning,

c I'll send you a fax at about

midday.

d Did you try to call me at about

9.00?

e Could you call me just after 3.00?

f Our email was out of order all

day.

g She was on line for about half an

hour.

6 Making contact

a enter b open

c press d access

e dial f missed

g deleted h forward

U N IT 1 9 Drinks and snacks

1 Offering drinks and snacks

a No, I just had a cup of coffee.

Thanks, that would be great,

b White, no sugar, please.

Milk, please.

Thanks. I'll have one of these,

c Yes, please.

It's a kind of pastry,

d That's for Alan.

I think that's mine - with milk.

It must be yours.

2 something/anything

a anyone/anybody

b anyone/anybody

c anywhere/somewhere

d anywhere

e somewhere

f anywhere

g anyone/anybody

h anyone/anybody

i someone/somebody

j anything

k anything

1 anything

Notes

i don't = do not; won't = will not;

didn't = did not

ii Can I get you anything else? =

Can I get anything else for you?

3 Vocabulary

a a knife b a spoon

c a fork d a plate

e a serviette f a sandwich

g a roll h a teapot

i a coffee pot j a cup

k a mug 1 a jug

Examples (possible answers)

a Excuse me, could I have a knife,

please?

b Do you need a spoon?

c Excuse me, where are the forks?

d Excuse me, I need a plate,

e Excuse me, could I have a

serviette, please?

f I'd like a ham sandwich, please,

g Would you like a roll?

h Could we have a pot of tea,

please?

Answers 127

i Could we have a pot of coffee for

three, please?

j Two cups of tea, please.

k Would you like your coffee in

a mug?

1 Could you pass the milk jug,

please?

4 Possessive pronouns

(possible answers)

a mine b hers

c theirs d ours

e theirs f his

Notes: isn't = is not; it's = it is

(its = possessive pronoun);

they're = they are

5 one/ones

a ones b one

c ones d one

e ones f ones

g one

6 Whose...?

Whose coffee is this? Whose is this

coffee?

Whose drinks are these? Whose are

these drinks?

Whose sandwiches are these?

Whose are these sandwiches?

Whose roll is this? Whose is this

roll?

Whose change is this? Whose is this

change?

Whose papers are these? Whose are

these papers?

Whose security pass is this? Whose

is this security pass?

Whose keys are these? Whose are

these keys?

UNIT 20 Eating out

1 Booking a table and ordering

a meal

i Name: Gachot

Number: 2

Tel: 345666

Date: 30th June

Time: 8.30

ii Starters:

Spaghetti

Mushroom soup

Main courses: Salmon (in white

wine)

Wine:

Steak (medium)

vegetables

Half a bottle of dry

white

Half a bottle of

house red

2 Comparatives (possible answers)

i Examples of comparatives

a smaller

b faster

c more expensive

d more comfortable

e tidier

f cheaper

g more interesting

h better

Examples oias... as

a Their production department

isn't as big as ours.

b She isn't as fast as him at

typing.

c Business class tickets aren't as

cheap as Apex.

d That seat isn't as comfortable

as this one.

e My assistant's desk isn't as

untidy as mine.

f The local wines aren't as

expensive as imported wines.

g The presentation he gave last

year wasn't as interesting as

this one.

h The food at the Mayfair

restaurant isn't as good as the

food at the Adelphi.

Notes

isn't = is not

aren't = are not

wasn't = was not

3 Quantity phrases

(possible answers)

a A cup of coffee,

b A piece of cake,

c A can/bottle of coke,

d A glass/bottle of wine,

e A box of chocolates,

f A litre of petrol,

g A bunch of flowers,

h A packet/tin of biscuits.

4 Vocabulary

a plate b sausages

c potato d beef

e juice f tip

g cooked h mushrooms

UNIT 21 Outings and sightseeing

1 A visit to Riga (possible answers)

a Yes, in 2001.

b Yes, they have. (Their business in

Latvia has grown and grown.)

c Yes, he was in Lithuania last year,

d Yes, his last meeting ends at 2.15.

e She is going to take the visitor for

a drive round the city,

f At 2.30.

Notes

i Riga, a major port, is the capital of

Latvia; the Baltic States are the

Republic of Estonia, Latvia and

Lithuania, on the Baltic sea in

northern Europe.

ii Have you been to = have you

visited; it's = it is; didn't = did not;

haven't = have not

2 Superlatives (possible answers)

a cheapest b best

c worst d oldest

e biggest

3 The Perfect Present tense

(possible answers)

Have you worked in Japan?

I haven't visited Calcutta.

I have been to Kuala Lumpur on

business many times.

Have you seen the opera Tosca?

He hasn't been to Athens.

Have you read the contract?

We haven't seen the new

brochure yet.

4 since and for

a since b for

c since d for

e since f since

g for h since

128 ANSWERS

UNIT 22 Starting a journey

1 Right and wrong

a the Toronto flight/check-in.

b the bus stop for the main station,

c the platform for the Manchester

train.

d he's in the departures hall and he

needs the arrivals hall.

Note

right is the opposite of wrong:

the right queue the wrong

queue

the right check-in the wrong

check-in

the right platform the wrong

platform

the right one the wrong one

2 Arranging a meeting point

a Check-in b Check-in

c Check-in d Hertz

e Avis f Travel insurance

g Information desk

3 how much vs. how many

(possible answers)

a How much (time) do you need?

b How many do you need (to buy)?

c How much (more) do you need

to know?

d How much luggage do you have?

e How many do you need?

f How many do you need?

g How much do you want/need?

Notes

i I've got = I have

ii how much luggage = how many

pieces of luggage

4 to need (to)

a I don't need to find the arrivals

hall. I need to find the departures

hall.

b She doesn't need a drink. She

needs some food,

c I don't need to speak to Mario. I

need to speak to Helena,

d We don't need to stop over in Sao

Paulo. We need to stop over in

Buenos Aires,

e You don't need to go to Gate 13.

You need to go to Gate 14.

f I don't need to check in my hand

luggage. I need to check in my

suitcase.

g We don't need to know the gate

number. We need to know the

departure time,

h He doesn't need to see your

ticket. He needs to see your

boarding card.

Notes

i don't = do not; doesn't = does

not; to stop over = to break a

plane journey

ii Sao Paulo is a major city in Brazil;

Buenos Aires is the capital of

Argentina.

5 Vocabulary (possible answers)

departure time

gate number

hand luggage

boarding card

air ticket

departure hall

luggage label

flight attendant

information desk

seat belt

6 Short responses

a iv

b i

c v

d iii

e ii

f vi

g viii h vii

UNIT 23 Travelling

1 In transit

Refer to the audioscript on page 140.

2 The Simple Present for the

future (possible answers)

a ends b opens

c arrives d finishes

e leaves f changes

g start

3 Periods of time

(possible answers)

a We're going to be quarter of an

hour (15 minutes) late,

b We're going to be ten minutes

late.

c We're going to be an hour and a

half (one and a half hours; one

hour 30 minutes) late,

d It's going to be two hours late,

e We're going to be thirty minutes

(half an hour) early.

4 Possessive -s

a Have you got yesterday's

Japanese newspapers?

b Have you got this week's

timetable?

c Have you got tomorrow's flight

times?

d Have you got Tuesday's copy of

The Times?

e Have you got last week's list of

sales figures?

Note

have you got? = do you have?

UNIT 24 Arriving and meeting

contacts

1 Meeting someone at the airport

a IS b 53

c E d El

e E

2 Past Continuous tense

a were you doing

b was having

c were telling

d were you doing

e was visiting

f was raining

g was snowing

Notes

couldn't = could not

3°C = three degrees centigrade

3 Past Continuous vs. Simple Past

a He was living in a first class hotel,

b He wasn't doing any work,

c He wasn't selling anything,

d He was eating and drinking too

much.

e I checked his expense account,

f It was enormous.

Answers 129

g What did you do?

h I sacked him.

Note

wasn't = was not

4 Weather vocabulary

(possible answers)

It was very cold when I left Moscow.

It was foggy last night.

There was snow in Berlin.

It's freezing!

The sun was shining when we left

Buenos Aires.

The weather was very warm.

The plane was delayed because of

fog.

The weather will be cloudy but dry.

It's quite windy.

I think it's going to be hot.

Notes

it's = it is

quite windy = windy but not very

windy

5 shall for suggestions

a Shall we go home?

b Shall I open the window?

c Shall we have a cup of coffee?

d Shall I/we buy one?

e Shall we take a taxi?

f Shall we upgrade them?

g Shall I/we call the waitress?

h Shall we take the lift?

Notes

a break = a short rest

don't = do not

6 Updating a programme

Programme: Thursday

8.30 Visit to DMB (suppliers)

12.00 Free

15.00 Visit to Reef Laboratories

20.00 Dinner at the Olympic Hotel

with Todd Small

UNIT 25 Gifts and saying thank you

1 Gifts and thanks

a This is for you.

b Thank you very much,

c I really enjoyed

d look forward

e inviting me

f Let me take

g inviting me

h look forward

Notes

i there's = there is; I'll = I will

ii Birmingham = large city in

central England

2 so/neither (nor)

a So do I.

b So do I.

c Neither (Nor) have I.

d Neither (Nor) do I.

e So do I.

f So am I.

g So do I.

h Neither (Nor) do I.

3 Short responses

a vii

b v

c ix

d ii

e x f i

g viii h iii

i vi j iv

4 Verb + -ing (possible answers)

Thank you for organising

everything.

Many thanks for looking after us.

We really enjoyed meeting your

team.

I very much appreciated having

your input.

We look forward to seeing you

again.

My boss loves travelling on business.

My boss doesn't like writing reports.

My assistant likes dealing with

people.

My assistant doesn't like doing the

filing.

My boss is not good at filling in

expense claims.

My assistant is good at planning and

organising.

5 Thanks for a gift

(possible answers)

subject: Thanks

Dear

Thank you for the wonderful gift. It

was greatly appreciated by everyone

at this end. I very much enjoyed

having you here. It was useful to

have your input - particularly to the

MXD project. Please don't forget to

send us the new specification.

We hope you had a good flight back.

We look forward to seeing you again

soon.

Please say 'hello' to Mary.

Kind regards

Note:

input = contribution

6 Thanks for hospitality

(possible answers)

Dear Dimitri

Thank you for looking after us when

we were in Rome. We very much

appreciated your kindness and

hospitality.

I felt we made good progress. It

was good to meet your team, and to

see how things work at your end.

Let me know how ULK respond. I

will send you a copy of my report

when it is ready.

Again many thanks.

Best regards

Ivana

UNIT 26 Checking facilities and

information

1 Asking about facilities

Available Available Not

now later available

Conference

phone t/

IT Support /

Meeting

room /

Copying /

Use of a

stapler /

Staff

security

pass /

130 ANSWERS

2 which, what, etc.

a What b Which

c Which d What

e Who f Which

g What h Which

i What

Notes

that's = that is

haven't = have not

there's = there is

3 Requests

a Could you call Boris for me?

b Could you deliver a sample for/to

Anna?

c Could you give this to Igor for

me?

d Could you do something for

Max?

e Could you check the facilities for

us?

f Could you do some photocopying

for the Service Manager?

g Could you talk to Jane for me?

h Could you get some coffee for the

visitors?

4 Facilities

a Is there someone

b Is there a room

c Is there a video camera

d Is there a fax machine

e Is there somewhere

f Is there a beamer

5 borrow and lend

a borrow b

c use d

e use/borrow f

g lend h

Notes

I'll = I will

lend

use/borrow

use/borrow

borrow

6 Office equipment

Project

team

leader

The basics

Calculator

Hole punch /

Mouse mat

Scissors /

Staplers /

Post-it holder

Sticky tape holder

You

Other equipm ent

Beamer/Projector /

Conference phone /

Copier /

Desktop computer / x 4

Flipchart

Fax machine /

Laptop docking station

Printer /

Scanner

Screen

Shredder

S

Video camera

Whiteboard

U N IT 27 Shopping

1 Buying presents

a-d-f

b-c-e

2 might/may (possible answers)

a might/may - better

b might/may-worse

c might/may - more expensive

d might/may-faster

e might/may - more comfortable

f might/may - more interesting

g may/might - better

h may/might - better

Note

let's = let us

3 Shopping and payment

a accept b receipt

c size d sale

e sign f try

g fitting room h fit

i suit

Notes

don't = do not

doesn't = does not

4 Ages and lengths

a A four year-old daughter,

b A forty-nine year-old father,

c A twenty-six year-old colleague,

d A thirty-seven year-old boss,

e A fifteen-minute phone call,

f A ten-day business trip,

g A two-year contract,

h A twenty-minute taxi ride.

U N IT 28 Your colleagues

1 Giving personal details

(possible answers)

a I don't think so.

b I think so.

c I think so.

d I don't think so.

e I don't think so.

f I don't think so.

Describing people

a She's an attractive woman with

long brown hair.

b He's a tall man wearing a grey

jacket.

c

She's a short woman wearing a

red dress.

d She's a blonde woman with

glasses.

e He's a bald man with a beard.

f

She's a middle-aged woman with

grey hair.

g He's a fat man with curly hair.

Notes: She's = She is; He's got =

he has got; She's got = She has got

Dialogue

a Which b short

c with d hair

e been f for

g ago h married

i don't

Notes

don't = do not

he's got = he has got

he's been = he has been

he's new = he is new

4 Past tenses

a How7long has he been in his job

(for)?

b When did she go to college?

c How long have you been here

(for)?

d When did he join the

department?

e How long has she been with the

company (for)?

Note

I've = I have

Answers 131

UNIT 29 Your office building

1 Directions in a building

a way b wrong

c Which d where

e above f down to

g out of h at the end of

i on

2 far, a long way, etc.

(possible answers)

a far/far b far

c a long way d far

e a long way/far f a long way/far

g alongway/far h far/a long way

Notes

Addis Ababa is the capital of

Ethiopia. Cape Town is the capital of

South Africa. Nairobi is the capital of

Kenya. Kinshasa is the capital of the

Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Rabat is the capital of Morocco.

Tripoli is the capital of Libya.

3 Indirect/embedded questions

a ... which floor it's on?

b ... if this is the right floor?

c ... when it opens?

d ... how far it is?

e ... where the lift is?

f ... if it's on the left or the right?

g ... if this is the quickest way?

4 Prepositions

a into b through, to

c up to d out of

e to f into

g on

h back to

i down to j across, into

UNIT 30 How things work

1 Trouble shooting

a m b m

c m dm

e 0 f a

g 0 h m

Note

can't = cannot

2 The Simple Passive

a It isn't started like that,

b Is it plugged in here?

c The screen isn't cleaned like that,

d How are the windows opened?

e Are they opened like this?

f The batteries are changed like

this.

g It isn't switched on like that,

h It's shut like this.

Note

isn't = is not

3 Adverbs of frequency

a It doesn't usually stop like that,

b He doesn't often work in the

evening,

c Are they always late?

d Does he ever visit the gym?

e Do you sometimes travel first

class?

f I've never met the MD.

g Have you always been in this

department?

Notes

doesn't = does not

I've = I have

4 Phrasal verbs

a How did you switch it on?

b When did you switch them off?

c How did you turn it on?

d Why did you turn them off?

e Where did you plug it in?

f When did you switch it off?

UNIT 31 Requesting information

1 A sales enquiry

Order form

Product: fabHe.

No. ordered: cê-

Model no.: FC U-000X

Size: lar&e-

Colour: Mue.

Material: wood

2 Measurements and dimensions

a One point two five metres

b One metre twenty-five

c One and a quarter metres

d Six point five kilos

e Six and a half kilos

f One point seven five kilometres

g One kilometre seventy-five

h One and three-quarter kilometres

i One point two metres by thirtyseven

point six centimetres

j Seven point one centimetres by

four point eight centimetres by

twelve point six centimetres

3 Adjectives (possible answers)

i a extra large

b green

c metal

d nylon

e terrific

f awful

g expensive

h out of stock

i model (number)

ii a a cheap metal hole punch

b a blue plastic pen

c an awful yellow filing cabinet

d a small green wooden chair

e an extra large blue woollen

shirt

4 Questions (possible answers)

a they available in

b How big is

c is it made of

d what kind of wood

e is there

f Do you have them in

g How much is

h when could you

Notes

melamine = synthetic material used

in making furniture

I'll = I will

get back to you = contact you again

5 Some office furniture

(possible answers)

drawer unit filing cabinet

meeting table shelf unit

storage cupboard swivel chair

filing tray hole punch

rubbish bin desk lamp

wall planner wall clock

132 ANSWERS

UNIT 32 Staying in a hotel

1 Booking a hotel room

(possible answers)

subject: Mitropoulis Booking

Dear Sir/Madam

I am writing to confirm the

telephone booking we made earlier

today. The booking is for two double

rooms for next weekend, arriving

Saturday 12 June and departing

Monday 14 June. The booking is in

the name of Mr Mitropoulis.

Kind regards

Tina Patel

Asia Travel

2 Reflexive pronouns

(possible answers)

a No, thanks. I'll post them myself,

b No. He parked it himself,

c No, thanks. She'll clean them

herself,

d No, thanks. We can carry

ourselves,

e No, thank you. I'll wash it myself.

Note

I'll = I will

3 how/what (a); so I such

a How b What

c so d What

e such f How

g so h How, What

4 Filling in a form for someone

(possible answers)

What is your name, please?

How long is your stay?

How many are there in your party?

What is your address?

What is your nationality?

Could you tell me your car

registration number?

Could you give me your passport

number?

Do you know where you are going

next?

Where was it issued?

How do you want to pay?

UNIT 33 Booking conference

facilities

1 Conference arrangements

a Conference Room C for 7 May

b equipment hire

c equipment hire

d tea and coffee

2 Arranging conference facilities

a We're looking for

b is it for

c Between fifteen

d too big

e eleven metres long and seven

metres wide

f From ten to six.

g £850 per day

h include coffee

i extra

Notes

we're = we are

that's = that is

3 too small, not big enough

(possible answers)

a The room isn't big enough. / The

room is too small,

b The room is too big.

c The room is about the right size,

d The room is too big.

e The room is about the right size,

f The room is too small. / The room

isn't big enough.

Note

isn't = is not

UNIT 34 Organising a trip

1 Organising a trip

a Paris.

b Business class return.

c Any time to arrive before twelve

on Thursday.

d At 05.50.

e At 10.50.

f No, Ocean Air.

g Return.

h €850.

2 Spelling and pronunciation

a Athinai b Prague

c Roma

e Greece

d Eire

f Rossiya

3 24-hour clock (possible answers)

b Global Tours flight GA 708 for

Johannesburg departs at 07.30

(seven thirty) and arrives at 13.15

(thirteen fifteen),

c Skyways International flight ST

309 for Moscow departs at 19.20

(nineteen twenty) and arrives at

12.45 (twelve forty-five),

d Euro Continental flight EK 114

for Cairo leaves at 11.00 (eleven

hundred) hours and arrives at

18.40 (eighteen forty),

e Trans Globe flight TG 588 to

Melbourne departs at 08.20

(eight twenty) and arrives at

22.00 (twenty two hundred)

hours.

f Continental Airways flight

number CA 512 for Bombay

leaves at 13.00 (thirteen

hundred) hours and arrives at

23.50 (twenty-three fifty).

4 when!as soon as + the Simple

Present

a I'll contact you when I have the

details.

b I'll phone you as soon as the

tickets are ready,

c As soon as I have the money, I'll

buy a new car.

d When I know the price, I'll tell

you.

e I'll visit the museum as soon as I

have time,

f When I can speak English, I'll

visit New York.

Notes

I'll = I will

5 would (possible answers)

a Yes, it would. It would be

cheaper.

Answers 133

b No, it wouldn't. It wouldn't be

possible to go by underground,

c No, it wouldn't. It wouldn't be

practical to walk,

d No, I wouldn't. I wouldn't like to

have a chauffeur,

e Yes, I would. I would prefer to

work at home sometimes,

f Yes, I would. I would prefer to get

a lift from a friend.

Notes

i underground (UK) = subway

(US); wouldn't = would not

ii Compare: Walking would take

about an hour. / It would take about

an hour to walk.

6 Comparing plane, train, bus

(possible answers)

A: How much is it by train

B: It's €160 one way, €310 return.

A: Is there a cheaper way?

B: You could go by bus, but it would

be slower.

A: How much is it by bus?

B: €105 return.

A: How long does it take?

B: Thirty-six hours.

A: I'll go by train.

B: OK. I'll call you when I have the

tickets.

UNIT 35 Hiring a car

1 Hiring a car

a [NG] b m

c m

d 0

e 0 f 0

g 0 h 0

i m j s

k [N G l 1 E

2 Filling in a form

(possible answers)

What's your name?

What's your address?

What's your telephone number?

What's your licence number?

Who was it issued by?

When does it expire?

What's your date of birth?

What's your occupation?

Have you had any accidents in the

last three years?

Have you had any convictions in the

last five years?

What is your company purchase

order reference?

What is your passport number?

Do you want to pay by credit card,

bu travellers cheque, in cash?

Notes

Tel no. = telephone number;

co = company; Ref = Reference;

Convictions = mistakes punished by

the court; Hire Company = company

hiring out the cart; Hirer = the

person hiring the car

3 seem/sound/look

(possible answers)

a ii/iii/vi b vii

c iv

d i

e V f iii/vi

g ii/iii

4 Comparisons with like

(possible answers)

a not like b not like

c like d not like

UNIT 36 Returning home

1 Back from a trip

(possible answers)

a It was hard work but very

interesting,

b Yesterday evening,

c He wanted the sales manager to

come back for the conference,

d He is the boss.

e He had to upgrade to first class to

get a flight,

f She thinks it's too complicated,

g Deliveries take too long,

h Tomorrow morning.

2 I'm afraid so/I'm afraid not

(possible answers)

a I'm afraid not. b I'm afraid so.

c I'm afraid so. d I'm afraid not.

e I'm afraid not. f I'm afraid so.

g I'm afraid so.

3 Changes, instead

(possible answers)

a He's travelling on Tuesday instead

of Monday,

b He's travelling on 28th May

instead of 27th.

c His flight is leaving at 15.35

instead of 11.15.

d He's sitting in a window seat

instead of an aisle seat,

e His ticket costs £610 instead of

£330.

4 more, less

a more

c more

e less

g less

Notes

tax = income tax

pw = per week

b

d

f

less

more

less

5 Vocabulary

change - cancel - postpone

morning - afternoon - evening

boarding card - passport - ticket

salary - tax - expenses

day - week - month

check-in - departure - arrival

single - one way - return

Note

ref. no. = reference number

6 want + object pronoun +

infinitive

a She wants/asked him to

photocopy the report,

b He wants/asked them to come to

the meeting,

c He wants/asked us to cancel the

arrangements,

d She wants/asked you to postpone

the trip.

e They want/asked me to make

some coffee,

f You want/asked me to type this

letter.

g They want/asked her to check if

there are any seats.

134 ANSWERS

Audioscripts

UNIT 1 About you

1 Telephone numbers

733 046 2100

257 08439

01062 8844

236177

06555291

628 35092

2 Dialogues

Dialogue 1

- Excuse me, are you Eddie Yuna from BIT?

- No, I'm not.

- I'm sorry.

- That's OK. My name's Kurt Jarvis. I'm from

Key Trading in Hong Kong. What's your name?

Dialogue 2

- Hi, I'm Tina Awola.

- It's nice to meet you, Tina. Where are you from?

- I work for the International Credit Bank, in Lagos. -

- What do you do?

- I'm a sales rep. Here's my card. What do you do at the

International Credit Bank?

- I'm in the legal department. I'm a lawyer.

Notes

that's = that is, my name's - my name is

here's = here is

UNIT 2 About your job

1 Listening for key information

Dialogue 1

- Claude Dumas is an accountant, but he works for a law

firm, called Rhodes Associates. It's an American firm,

with European offices in Zurich, Berlin and Monaco.

- Where does Monsieur Dumas work?

- He's an accounts manager at the Monaco office.

Dialogue 2

- Mrs Mila Benedict works for an insurance company

called Saffer Security. It's a multinational company. She

works in Ottawa, where the company has its head

office. She's Canadian.

- What's her position in the company?

- She's assistant head of the legal department. She's

a lawyer.

Notes

Monsieur (French) = Mr

It's = it is

What's - What is

UNIT 3 About where you work

Saying what you do and where you work

I work in an office in the centre of town. I'm the Sales

Manager. Our address is 97 Morton Street - we're on the

fourth floor. We also have a warehouse near the airport.

We don't have a cafeteria and there aren't any restaurants

or cafes in Morton Street, but there are about 15 in River

Street.

Note

don't = do not

2 Cardinal numbers.

1 one

2 two

3 three

4 four

5 five

6 six

7 seven

8 eight

9 nine

10 ten

11 eleven

12 twelve

13 thirteen

14 fourteen

15 fifteen

16 sixteen

17 seventeen

18 eighteen

19 nineteen

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

twenty

twenty-one

twenty-two

twenty-three

twenty-four

twenty-five

twenty-six

twenty-seven

twenty-eight

twenty-nine

thirty

forty

fifty

sixty

seventy

eighty

ninety

a hundred

3 Ordinal numbers

first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth,

ninth, tenth

Audioscripts 135

UNIT 4 Your business activities

1 Dialogue

- What does your company do?

- We're in the computer business. We import

programmes from the States and Japan.

- Where do you do most of your business?

- About eighty per cent of our business is in

Western Europe.

- Do you do much business in the Middle East?

- No, not much.

- How are things going at the moment?

- Very well. We're selling a new programmes for

managers in medium-sized companies, and it's going

very well.

UNIT 5 The location of your company

1 Reading a map: compass points

Manchester is about a hundred and sixty miles north-west

of London - that's about two hundred and sixty

kilometres.

Dover is about sixty-five miles south-east of London -

that's a hundred and five kilometres.

Ipswich is also sixty-five miles away from London, to the

north-east.

Brighton is about sixty miles to the south of London -

ninety-seven kilometres.

Note 1 kilometre = 1.609 miles

UNIT 6 The layout of your company

1 Identifying a building

- What's that place opposite the main gate?

- It's our service centre. Maintenance are on the

first floor.

- Do you have a showroom?

- Yes, that place on the right of the main gate is a

showroom. The one on the left of the gate is the admin

block. And that building past the admin block on the

left is a conference centre.

- Where's your production?

- It's behind that service centre in front of us.

- Oh ... And do you have a car park?

- Yes, it's next to the production building, between the

showroom and Goods Inwards. Goods Inwards and

Stores are in a building just behind the car park.

- Do you test your products on the site?

- Yes, the testing area is down there. Go down there and

it's next to the conference centre.

Note What's = What is

Speaker 2 has a US accent

UNIT 7 Meeting and welcomin

1 Greetings and introductions

e.g. Speaker 1: Hello, Maria. How are you?

Maria: Oh, hi. I'm very well. How are you?

a Walt Simpson: Mekka, this is Walt Simpson.

Mekka: It's nice to meet you.

Walt Simpson: It's nice to meet you, too.

b Angie Blep: Hello, my name is Angie Blep.

Glen Turno: Welcome to KPG. I'm Glen Turno.

c Speaker 1: Good morning.

Speaker 2: Hello, good morning.

Speaker 1: It's a beautiful day.

d John Ginene: Mr Kuomi, this is John Ginene,

the manager.

Mr Kuomi: How do you do?

John Ginene: How do you do, Mr Kuomi?

e Rob: Hi, I'm Rob.

Jan: Hi, I'm Jan.

Rob: Pleased to meet you, Jan.

f Speaker 1: Hello, I'm back.

Speaker 2: It's nice to see you. How was your flight?

g Speaker 1: Mustafa, come and meet Gerry. Gerry, this

is Mustafa.

Gerry: Hi Mustafa. It's nice to meet you.

h Speaker 1: Good afternoon Pierre.

Pierre: Good afternoon.

Speaker 1: How was your trip to Moscow?

UNIT 8 The first two minutes

1 A chance meeting in Japan

- How do you like Tokyo?

- I really like it. It's very interesting.

- Is this your first visit to Japan?

- Yes, it is.

- How long are you here for?

- Three days.

- When are you leaving?

- On Tuesday evening.

- Well, nice talking to you. Enjoy your stay.

- Thanks. Nice talking to you too. Bye.

UNIT 9 Partings and thanks

1 Goodbyes and thanks

- Hi John. I have the documents here, but I need

your signature.

- OK.

- Sign here and here, please.

- Right.

136 AUDIOSCRIPTS

- Thanks, I'll post them today, so I'll have an answer

on Monday.

- I'll be in New York on Monday, but I'll call you

from there.

- When are you leaving?

- Tomorrow afternoon.

- Well, have a good flight and thanks for your help.

- You're welcome.

- Don't forget to call me.

- I won't.

- And remember me to your wife.

- I will. Bye.

UNIT 10 Setting up a meeting

1 Two m eetings

Call 1

- Carla, how are you?

- OK. How are you?

- Not bad. Are you OK for the budget meeting on

the 12 th?

- When is it?

- At 11.30.

- I'm afraid I can't make it. I'm in Geneva on the 11th

and I won't be back in the office on the 12th till 2.30

or 3.00.

- Is Luke free?

I don't know. I'll ask him.

Call 2

- Is that Mr Galis?

Yes, speaking.

- This is Marilyn Vine. I have a message from

Ben Bradley.

- Right.

- Can you make Friday at three o'clock?

- Is that the sales meeting?

- Yes, Mr Bradley wants to know if you can make it.

- Sure. Where are we meeting?

- In the conference room on the third floor.

- OK, thanks. I'll be there.

Notes

i it's = it is; there's = there is; let's = let us; don't = do not;

I'll = I will

ii Note the use of this!that in phone calls:

- Is that Mr Galis (= Are you ...?)

- This is Marilyn Vine (= I am ...)

UNIT 11 Confirming arrangements

1 Confirming tim e and place

C alll

- Can I help you?

- Yes, I'm calling to check the time of Tuesday's meeting.

- It's at 11.30.

- Do you know where it is yet?

- No, I'm afraid we don't.

- Can you let me know?

- Yes, of course.

Call 2

- Hello.

- I'm phoning about Wednesday's meeting.

- Yes, how can I help you?

- Do you know if it's at ten or eleven yet?

- Yes, it's at ten.

- Thanks, and is it still in Room 317?

- Let me check ...Yes, it is.

- Thank you.

- You're welcome.

UNIT 12 Changing plans

1 why and because

Dialogue 1

- We have a problem.

- What's that?

- The sales director can't make the meeting on the 16th.

- Why not?

- He'll be in the States.

- Will he be back on the 17th?

- No. He won't be back until the 18th.

- Why don't we meet on the 18th?

- OK, but we can't meet before lunch.

- Why not?

- The conference room won't be free until three o'clock.

- OK, let's meet after three on the 18th.

Dialogue 2

- Can we change the time of next month's finance

meeting?

- When is it?

- It's on the 12th.

- And what's the problem?

- All the meeting rooms are reserved until lunchtime.

- Can we have the meeting in the boardroom?

- No, it isn't free.

- Why don't we meet in my office?

- But there are six people coming to the meeting.

- Oh - well, we'll have to start later.

- I'm afraid I can't make it later. I have a meeting with

Gark International in the afternoon.

- Can you change it?

- I'll have to find out.

Audioscripts 137

Notes

Dialogue 1: what's = what is; can't = cannot; let's = let us.

Dialogue 2: it's = it is; isn't = is not.

UNIT 13 Dealing with the unexpected

1 Cancelling/postponing

a - I'm calling about Tuesday's meeting.

- Is there a problem?

- Yes, I'm afraid there is. The work isn't going to

be ready.

- What's the problem?

- We're having IT problems. Our email isn't working

and we have no connection to the Internet.

b - I'm afraid I'm not going to make Wednesday's

appointment.

- Where are you?

- I'm still in Sao Paulo. There's a security alert - all

flights are cancelled.

c - Could we put off Thursday's meeting?

- I think that would be OK. What's the problem?

- Well, I promised the sales director that I would finish

an analysis of recent sales. But it's taking me a bit

longer than I expected.

- That's fine. Call me when the job is finished, and

we'll re-arrange the meeting.

d - I'm calling to see if we can postpone Friday's

conference call with Delhi.

- What's the problem?

- I'm afraid I've got flu. The doctor has told me to take

a complete break for the rest of the week. So I won't

be back until next Monday.

UNIT 14 Explaining and apologising

1 Explanations and apologies

a - I'm sorry I missed the meeting.

- Don't worry. Is everything OK?

- No - one of our key customers called. There's a

problem with a delivery. I had to sort it out. I'm

really sorry.

- That's OK.

- I tried to call but I didn't have your number in my

address book.

b - I apologise for forgetting our conference call

yesterday.

- Was there a problem?

- Yes - my son has a bad cough so I had to take him to

the doctor.

- Oh dear...

- The doctor sent us to the hospital. I'm afraid I just

forgot. I am sorry.

- That's OK - don't worry. How is your son now?

c - Did you contact Mr Zarh?

- No, I'm afraid I didn't.

- Oh dear - what happened?

- Well, I was very busy, and then I had to take a client

to the airport. I sent him an email but he didn't reply.

Note

sort it out = sort the problem out, solve the problem.

UNIT 15 Making contact by phone

1 Getting through

a - Can I speak to someone in the accounts department,

please?

- One moment, please. You're through now.

b - Could I speak to Bernard Lutz's secretary, please?

- I'm afraid she's on the phone at the moment.

Hold on, please. I'm putting you through now.

c - Is that the sales department?

- No, this is the HR department. I'll connect you to

Sales.

d - Could you put me through to the legal department,

please?

- I'm sorry, there's no one there at the moment.

- That's OK, I'll call back later.

- Just a moment, please. I can connect you now.

Notes

hold on = wait; put through = connect; call back = try

again later or return a call; HR = human resources

UNIT 16 Dealing with incoming calls

1 Dealing w ith calls

Call 1

Caller 1: Good morning, can I speak to Brenda, please?

Sarah: I'm afraid she's in a meeting at the moment.

Caller 1: Do you know when she'll be free?

Sarah: I'm sorry, I don't know when the meeting's going

to finish. Can I ask her to call you?

Call 2

Caller 2: Hello, is Dave there?

Sarah: No, I'm afraid he's out with some customers.

Caller 2: When do you expect him back?

Sarah: At about 3.30.

Call 3

Caller 3: Do you know how I can contact Jane?

Sarah: She's out of the office today. Do you have her

mobile number?

Caller 3: Yes. I tried it. My calls went through to her mail

box. Do you have her email address?

Sarah: It's jane.c@lrc.com

138 AUDIOSCRIPTS

Call 4

Caller 4: Can I speak to Ms Opres, please?

Sarah: I think you are through to the wrong extension.

Caller 4: Could you transfer me?

Sarah: I'm sorry but I'm in a meeting at the moment.

Could you possibly call back in about half an hour?

Note

she'll = she will; she's = she is

UNIT 17 Leaving and taking messages

1 Telephone messages

Call 1

- Can I speak to Andrew?

- I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. Can I take

a message?

- Thank you. Could you tell him that Jan called.

- Does he have your number?

- I'm on my mobile - the number is 793172.

I'm returning his call.

- Sorry, I didn't catch your name.

- It's Jan, Jan Peto-that's P-E-T-O.

- I'll give him the message.

- Thanks - I'll be in town till about six.

Call 2

- Hello.

- Is that Tania Lantos.

- No, this is Emma Ford speaking. Can I help you?

- Yes, do you know when Tania will be in?

- Well, she should be in later this afternoon. Can I give

her a message?

- Thank you. Could you ask her to call ASK's Controller

on 3245 - as soon as she gets in.

- Yes, of course. Could you give me the number again?

- Yes, it's 3245. OK?

- Yes, I'll ask her to call when she gets in.

- Thanks, bye.

- Bye.

Notes

it's = it is

UNIT 18 Email and telephone problems

1 Problems

a - Hello, is that Claudia. Hello ...

- Yes, can you hear me?

- You're breaking up. Could you speak up, please?

- My battery is low. I'll call you on a land line. I'll find

a payphone.

b - Is there a problem with your email? I sent you a

message and it bounced back.

- I don't think so.

- Can I check your address. I sent it to

schwenck.j@euronic.de

- No, it's 'schwenckj' - one word. There's no dot

before the j.

c - Hello. I'm trying to ring a Madrid number, but it's

always engaged.

- Just a moment. I'll try the number for you. It's

ringing for you now.

- Thank you.

d - I'm trying to get through to a Belfast number but

there's no reply.

- What number are you ringing?

- It's Belfast 126.

- I'm afraid the phone is out of order,

e - Did you get my email?

- We have a problem with our system at the moment. I

can't access my mailbox.

- When did you send it?

- About an hour ago.

f - Imco.

- Oh, hello. Can I speak to Pierre Belon?

- I'm sorry, but we have no Pierre Belon here.

- I'm sorry, I must have the wrong number,

g - Did you send that report.

- Yes - 1 sent it about an hour ago. It went OK.

- It's not in my inbox. Could you resend it, please?

- I'll do it now.

UNIT 19 Drinks and snacks

1 Offering drinks and snacks

a - Did you have anything to eat on the plane?

- No, I just had a cup of coffee.

- Well, let me get you something. What about

some sandwiches?

- Thanks. That would be great.

b - So, how do you like your coffee?

- White, no sugar, please.

- Cream? Milk?

- Milk, please.

- And then sandwiches. I think these must be cheese.

These ones are egg, and these are ham.

- Thanks. I'll have one of these,

c - Another cup?

- Yes, please.

- And you must try some of this.

- What is it.

- It's a kind of pastry. Try it.

- Mmm. It's delicious.

Audioscripts 139

d Speaker 1: The two black coffees are for Jope and

Pieter.

Jope: Thanks

Speaker 1: Who is having the white coffee?

Speaker 2: That's for Alan.

Alan: With sugar.

Speaker 1: Sugar is on the table.

Alan: Thanks.

Speaker 1: And who is the tea for?

Speaker 2:1 think that's mine - with milk.

Speaker 1: That's right. So, whose is this one?

Speaker 2: It must be yours.

UNIT 2 0 Eating out

1 Booking a table and ordering a meal

Dialogue 1

A: Bistrol 20. Can I help you?

B: Yes. Can I book a table for Thursday night - that's June

30th - in the name of Gachot. That's G-A-C-H-O-T.

A: Yes, of course. For how many people?

B: Just two.

A: And when would you like to come?

B: At 8.30?

A: Can I have your telephone number?

B: Yes, it's 345666.

Dialogue 2

C: Right, what shall we have? The steaks are very good

here and I can recommend the pasta. Would you like

a starter?

B: Yes, I think I'll have the spaghetti.

C: I'll have the mushroom soup. And then what would

you like?

B: I'd like some fish. I'll have the salmon.

C: OK, and I'll have the steak.

W: Good evening. Are you ready to order?

C: Yes, we are. Can we start with the spaghetti and the

mushroom soup. Then the salmon in white wine for

my friend and a steak for me.

W: Thank you, sir. And how would you like your steak?

C: Medium, please.

W: And would you like vegetables or salad?

C: Let's have the vegetables.

W: Thank you, and would you like any wine?

C: Yes, please. Half a bottle of dry white wine and half a

bottle of the house red.

Notes

let's = let us

UNIT 21 Outings and sightseeing

1 A visit to Riga

A: Have you been to Riga before?

B: Yes, but not since 2001. That was many years ago.

A: I suppose things have changed a lot since then.

B: They certainly have. Our business in Latvia has grown

and grown. It's now our biggest market in the Baltic

States. Three years ago, we didn't do any business in

Latvia at all.

A: And have you spent any time in the other states?

B: Yes, I was in Lithuania last year, but we haven't done

much business there yet.

A: Do you have any free time this afternoon?

B: Yes, my last meeting ends at 2.15.

A: Would you like to go for a drive around the city?

B: Thanks - I'd enjoy that very much.

A: Where's your meeting?

B: In my hotel.

A: I'll pick you up at 2.30.

B: I'll see you then.

UNIT 22 Starting a journey

1 Right and wrong (possible answers)

a - Am I in the right queue for the Dallas flight?

- No, this is the check-in for Toronto. I think the Dallas

check-in is over there.

b - Is this the right bus stop for the city terminal?

- No, this is for the main station. Buses for the city

terminal go from outside the Terminal 1 building.

c - Excuse me, am I on the right platform for the

London train?

- No, this is for Manchester. You need Platform 2.

It's just over there.

d - Excuse me, am I in the right place? I'm meeting

someone from Istanbul.

- No, this is the departures hall. You need the arrivals

hall. It's at the other end of the building.

Notes

Dallas is a city in Texas; Toronto is a city in Canada;

Manchester is a city in England.

Several speakers in the exercise have non-standard

accents.

UNIT 2 3 Travelling

1 In transit

A: I think that's my seat belt.

B: I'm sorry. This one must be mine.

A: Are you going to Oslo on business?

140 AUDIOSCRIPTS

B: Yes, I am. I'm going to a conference.

A: Have you been before?

B: Yes, many times.

A: How do you like it?

B: Very much. What about you?

A: Yes, I love Norway.

B: Do you know when they serve lunch?

A: Quite soon, I think.

B: Good. I'm very hungry.

A: So am I.

B: And do you know when we are due in?

A: I think we're due in at 7.30, in five hours.

Notes

i that's = that is

ii Speaker A has a slight US accent. Speaker B has a

non-standard accent.

UNIT 24 Arriving and meeting contacts

1 Meeting someone at the airport

E: Hello, Janet. Good to see you again.

J: And you, Ed. How are you?

E: I'm fine.

J: Did you have a good flight?

E: It was OK, but we were delayed for three-quarters of

an hour. There was a lot of snow on the runway.

J: We were getting worried about you.

E: Well, I'm here now! Where are we going?

J: Shall I take you to your hotel first? After that, we could

have dinner.

E: That's a good idea. I didn't eat very much on the plane.

J: So you must be hungry. My car is in the short-stay car

park - this way.

UNIT 25 Gifts and saying thank you

1 Gifts and thanks

Dialogue 1

A: This is for you.

B: Thank you very much. It's beautiful, but can I ask what

it is?

A: Yes, of course. It's a corkscrew.

B: It's very unusual. Thank you very much. And now

there's something I would like to give you.

Dialogue 2

A: That was a great match. I really enjoyed it.

B: So did I. You must tell me when you're coming next

time and I'll get some more tickets.

A: Thanks, I'll look forward to that.

B: Can I give you a lift back to your hotel?

A: Thanks.

Dialogue 3

A: Come in. Thank you for coming.

B: Well, thank you for inviting me. These are for you.

I hope you like Belgian chocolates.

A: I love them. Thank you very much. Let me take

your coat.

B: Thank you.

Dialogue 4

A: Thank you very much for inviting me this evening.

I've really enjoyed it.

B: It was our pleasure.

A: And next time you are in Birmingham, you must come

and have dinner with us.

B: Thank you, we'll look forward to that.

Note

Speaker A in Dialogue 4 has a non-standard accent.

UNIT 26 Checking facilities and information

1 Asking about facilities

a - Is there a conference phone we can use?

- There's one in meeting room four, but I'm not sure

it's available at the moment. I think someone is

using it.

b - Excuse me, this scanner isn't working. There's

something wrong with the reading mechanism.

It's only registering black and white. Who should

I speak to?

- Try calling IT support. They're on 411.

- Thanks.

c - Is there a meeting room on this floor that we

can use?

- There is, but it isn't available till after lunch. Some

people are using it.

- That's fine. Do I have to book it?

- I can do that for you. Who is it for?

- The RNT project team.

d - Could you do something for me? I'm working with

Jareck. He said I should speak to you.

- Sure. How can I help?

- Could you print four copies of this report? It's on

this disc.

- No problem. When do you need it?

- In about half an hour.

- I'll do it now.

e - Excuse me, could I uses your stapler? We're working

in Joanna's office.

- Sure - no problem. Please, bring it back.

f - Excuse me, can I borrow your security pass. I need to

get to the toilets. I've got a day pass, but it won't let

me back in.

Audioscripts 141

- Why don't you call security?

- I did, but they said I can't have a staff pass.

UNIT 27 Shopping

1 Buying presents

- Can you help me? I'd like to buy some presents for

my children.

- How old are they?

- Five and eight.

- Boys or girls.

- One boy and one girl.

- What about T-shirts?

- Yes, my daughter would like one of those ... She is the

elder one. What does it say on the front?

- It says T love Moscow'.

- How much are they?

- They are three hundred and twenty roubles.

- Do you have a medium size?

- Yes, we do. What colour would you like?

- I think she would like a yellow one.

- And what would your son like?

- Have you got any toy cars? He loves cars.

- Yes, they are on the shelf behind you.

- Right. How much is the Porsche?

- A hundred and fifty roubles.

- Yes, I think he'll like th a t...

- Shall I gift wrap them for you?

- Yes, please.

- And how would you like to pay?

- By credit card. Do you accept Diners Club?

- Yes, we do. Could you sign here, please? Thank you.

Your card and your receipt.

UNIT 28 Your colleagues

1 Giving personal details

- Which one is your boss?

- He's the middle-aged one, with grey hair.

- What's his position in the company?

- He's the managing director.

- How long has he been with the company?

- About six years, I think. I'm not sure.

- Is he married?

- No, I don't think so. I think he's divorced.

- Has he got any children?

- I don't think so.

- Where does he live?

- I think he lives in a house near the centre.

Note

what's = what is

UNIT 29 Your office building

1 Directions in a building

- Excuse me, is this the right way for the training

department?

- I'm afraid you're on the wrong floor.

- Which floor do I need?

- I'm not sure where it is. I think it's above the

boardroom. Take the lift down to the third floor. When

you come out of the lift, turn left. It's at the end of the

corridor, on the right. Do you have a swipe card?

- No, I'm a visitor.

- Then, you'll have to press the green button. Are they

expecting you?

- Yes, Reception called them. Thanks for your help.

- That's OK. The lift is that way ...

Notes

you're = you are

UNIT 30 How things work

1 Trouble shooting

- Excuse me, do you know how to use this shredder?

- Where are the instructions?

- Here they are.

- What does it say?

- It says that if the machine doesn't work, check that it's

plugged in and switched on.

- Is it plugged in?

- Yes, it is.

- Is it switched on?

- I think so.

- Ah, no, it isn't. Look. Shall I show you?

- Yes, please.

- You switch it on like this. There, it's working.

- Thanks for your help.

UNIT 31 Requesting information

1 A sales enquiry

(on the telephone)

- I have your brochure here, and I'd like to order a table.

- Is there a reference number?

- Yes, it's FC 4000X.

- Right, how can I help you?

- Well, could you tell me how big they are?

- That model is available in three sizes: large, medium

and small. The medium one is out of stock at the

moment.

- How big is the large one?

- It's two point eight metres by ninety-five centimetres.

- What colour is it?

142 AUDIOSCRIPTS

- It's available in blue and red.

- Have you got it in brown?

- Not at the moment. The brown one is out of stock.

- I see. Are they made of wood?

- At the moment, it's only available in metal or plastic.

The wooden one is out of stock.

- When will you have them in wood?

- Next week.

- OK, I'll order a large wooden one.

- What colour?

- Blue.

- Right, madam.

Note

The customer has a US accent; the sales assistant has a

non-standard accent.

UNIT 32 Staying in a hotel

1 Booking a hotel room

- This is Asia Travel. Have you got four single rooms?

- I'm afraid we only have two single rooms available

tonight.

- It's not for tonight. It's for the weekend.

- This weekend?

- Yes, Saturday the 12th to Monday the 14th of June.

- The single rooms are all booked this weekend.

- What about double rooms?

- Yes, you can have two double rooms - on Saturday and

Sunday night.

- Have they got bathrooms?

- All our rooms have en suite bathrooms.

- Good, can I book them now?

- Yes, what name is it,please?

- Asia Travel. The client is Mr Mitropoulis. That's

M-I-T-R-O-P-O-U-L-I-S. We'll send you confirmation.

UNIT 33 Booking conference facilities

1 Conference arrangements

- I need a room for a meeting. It's not a big meeting,

we're expecting seven or eight people.

- Conference Room C would be fine for your meeting.

- How big is it?

- It's 8.5 metres long. When is the meeting?

- On the 4th of next month.

- Oh, I'm afraid Room C isn't available on the 4th.

Conference Room A is available - it's free from the

4th to the 19th of next month, but it's too big.

- How big is it?

- Oh, it's very big. It's 21 metres long.

- Is Room C free on the 7th?

- Yes, it's free from the 5th to the 15th.

- Right, I'd like to book it for the 7th.

- All day?

- Yes, please.

- Do you supply AV equipment?

- Yes, we do.

- Is that included in the price?

- No, it's extra.

- OK - could you confirm this in writing and attach a list

of your charges?

- Yes, of course. Do you need any refreshments?

- Yes - in your quote could you include coffee and tea

and a simple buffet lunch?

- Right...

UNIT 34 Organising a trip

1 Organising a trip

- I'd like a return ticket to Paris.

- Business class or economy?

- Business class.

- When do you want to travel?

- On Thursday. I need to be there before lunch.

- There's an Ocean Air flight. It leaves at 05.50 from

Istanbul Ataturk airport and arrives at Charles De

Gaulle airport at 10.50.

- How much is the ticket going to cost?

- It's €575 one way and €850 return.

- I'd like a return please, with the return details left open.

Will you let me know when you have the ticket?

- This is a e-ticket. You just shown your passport at the

check-in. We'll email you the itinerary as soon as the

booking is confirmed.

UNIT 35 Hiring a car

1 Hiring a car

- I'd like to hire a car.

- What size car do you want?

- I'd like something like a Honda Civic.

- When do you want it?

- This Thursday.

- And how long do you want it for?

- Five days.

- We have a Toyota that might suit you.

- Which model is it?

- It's a Carina XL Estate.

- That sounds OK. How much is it?

- It's $120 per day.

- Does that include insurance?

- It includes insurance, VAT and unlimited mileage.

Audioscripts 143

- That seems reasonable.

- Can you fill in this form then, please?

- Right.

Notes

I'd = I would

then = in that case

VAT = Value-added Tax (UK sales tax)

UNIT 36 Returning home

1 Back from a trip

- Welcome back! How was your irip?

- It was hard work but very interesting.

- When did you get back?

- Yesterday evening. I was booked to fly back on Friday,

but Ivan wanted me to be here for the conference. So, I

flew back yesterday instead. I managed to reschedule.

- Did you have to pay extra?

- Yes, I had to upgrade to first class to get a flight.

- Well. Ivan's the boss ... How was Amelia?

- She's well - she sends you her regards.

- Thanks. What does she think of the new ordering

system? Does she think it will work?

- I'm afraid not. She says it's too complicated. Deliveries

take too long.

- So the problem is delivery times.

- I'm afraid so.

- We need to debrief. When will your report be ready?

- Tomorrow morning.

Note

to debrief = to meet and discuss the information

144 AUDIOSCRIPTS

Track timings

U nit 1 Track 1 U nit 13 Track 25 U nit 25 Track 49

Track 2 Track 26 Track 50













u n it 8 Track 15 U nit 20 Track 39 U nit 32 Track 63








u n it 12 Track 23 U nit 24 Track 47 u n it 36 I rack 71


E n g lis h fo r BUSINESS LIFE

Elementary

C oursebook 0-462-00755-3

Self Study G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00756-1

Trainer's M anual 0-462-00757-X

A udio CD 0-462-00758-8

Pre-Intermediate


Self S tudy G uide (w ith CD) 0-46200760-X

Trainer's M anual 0-462-00761-8

A udio CD 0-462-00762-6

intermediate


Self S tudy G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00764-2


A udio CD 0-462-00766-9

Upper Intermediate


Self S tudy G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00768-5


A udio CD 0-462-00770-7

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the following for

their great help and advice in the preparation of

English for Business Life: Simon Ross, Lucy Brodie,

Jo Barker, Graham Hart and Teresa Miller.

We would also like to thank our business 'students'

from organisations including UPM-Kymmene Oyj,

Metso Paper, BEMIS, Peterson Packaging, Vattenfall,

the International M aritime Organisation, GE Finance,

ABN Amro (Investment Bank), Dresdner Kleinwort

Wasserstein (UI<), Matsushita Europe and Marketing

Akademie Hamburg for providing the inspiration and

feedback that underpins English for Business Life.

Finally, the authors would like to thank their families

for their support and forbearance during the writing

process! - Gerry, Ollie and Elly Badger; Helen Glavin

for hours of research; Miranda Glavin for her

invaluable input and support.

© M arshall Cavendish Ltd 2005

© ian Badger & Pete M enzies 2005 (Text only)

First published 2005 by M arshall Cavendish Ltd

M arshall Cavendish is a m em ber o f the Tim es Publishing Group

All rights reserved; no part o f this publication m ay be reproduced,

stored in a retrieval system , transm itted in any form , o r by any

means, electronic, m echanical, photocopying, recording, or

otherw ise, w ith o u t th e p rior w ritte n perm ission o f the publishers.

M arshall Cavendish ELT

119 W ardour Street

London W 1F0U W

Designed by Hart McLeod, C am bridge

Printed and bound by Tim es O ffset (M) Sdn. Bhd. Malaysia

Photo acknowledgements

Pg 5 imagelOO / Aiamy, Pg 7 cornstock/ Alamy, Pg 9 freephoto.com,

Pg 12Photonica,Pg 1 5 iconica,Pg 1 8 C o rb is ,P g 2 i B ra n dX P ictures/A lam y,

Pg 24 Bananastock / Alamy, Pg 26 Im agestate, Pg 28 Corbis, Pg 31 Peter

B ow ater / Alamy, Pg 34 Stock im age / Alamy, Pg 37 Jon B ow er / Alamy,

Pg 40 A ndrew Curran / Alamy, Pg 42 iconica, Pg 44 Iconica, Pg 46 Photonica,

Pg 49 FLPA / Alamy, Pg 52 Corbis, Pg 55 Corbis, Pg 57 Corbis, Pg 59 Jackson

Smith / Alamy, Pg 62 Francis Li / Alamy, Pg 64 Rex, Pg 67 Kim Karpeles / Alamy,

Pg 70 Stock Connection / Alamy, Pg 73 Alex Sage / Alamy, Pg 75 Rex,

Pg 77 Uppa, Pg 79 Garry G a y /A la m y, Pg 81 Jeff Morgan / Alamy, Pg 84 Andre

Jenny/'Alam y, Pg 86 Rex, Pg 88 G P B o w a te r/A lam y , P g 9 l Corbis,

Pg 93 Corbis

£V)S'NESS

written by specialists in business English and communication who have

worked in a range of businesses, countries and cultures. English for Business

Life - Self-study guide focuses on the language you really need in your

business life

Specifically designed to be flexible and easy to use for independent

study and to yield the maximum results for the time you spend studying.

Each unit presents essential phrases supported by clear study notes

and practical exercises. The guide also includes:

• An easy to follow language reference section

» A glossary of key business-related terms

I

* An answer key and audioscripts to support the

? I > practice material.

The full course satisfies the requirements o f

the Common European Framework (CEFA2),

BEC and equivalent global testing authorities.

‘i

J Y Y + Marshall Cavendish

• Education

English for Business Life Elementary

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