Year 10 Textbook

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St. Mary’s College Science DepartmentYear 10 ScienceNow try these questions…1. A car travels 800 metres in 40 seconds.a. What is its average speed?b. Why is its actual speed probably different from its average speed?2. A car has a steady speed of 10 m/s.a. How far does it travel in 9 seconds?b. How long would it take this car to travel 220 metres?3. Calculate the average speed of these objects…a. A runner who travels 400 metres in 45 secondsb. A car which travels 175 miles in 3 hoursc. A Space shuttle which travels 45,750 Km in 2.5 hoursd. A snail which slithers 2 metres in 4 hours4. A train sets off from Derry at 9am in the morning. It reaches Belfastwhich is 150 Km away at 12pm (midday). What is the average speed ofthe train?5. Usain Bolt runs 100m in 10 seconds. David Rudisha runs 800m in 110seconds. Who has the faster average speed? Who do you think wouldwin a race over 400 metres? Why?Homework 11. A train has an average speed of 45 Km/h over a three-hour journey.How far is the journey?2. A woman in Derry has three hours to make it to an appointment inDublin. She gets the bus which travels at an average speed of 60 Km/h.The distance from Derry to Dublin is 225 Km. Will she make it to herappointment on time?Extension HomeworkExplain the difference between Distance and Displacement and thedifference between Speed and Velocity?38
St. Mary’s College Science DepartmentYear 10 ScienceAccelerationWhen the velocity of an object changes, we say that the object isaccelerating (even if it is only the direction of its travel that changes andnot the actual speed).Change in VelocityAcceleration =Time Taken to changeAcceleration is a vector quantity which means that it has direction as wellas size.For example:A car travels from rest (its velocity at the start is 0 m/s) andaccelerates until it is travelling at 5 m/s. It takes the car 2 seconds to dothis. What is its acceleration?Change in VelocityUsing the equationNotice the unitsof accelerationare m/s/s orm/s 2Acceleration =Time Taken to change5 –0 m/s 5m/sAcceleration = 2s = 2sAcceleration =2.5 m/s/sAnother way of writing the equation for acceleration is to write the ‘change in velocity’ as thefinal velocity minus the initial velocity.The equation then looks like this…v - uwhere v = final velocityAcceleration = t u = initial velocityandt = time taken for velocity to change 39
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Year 10 Textbook

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