A2 LIOW YUH QING 0344135

ASSIGNMENT 02: DESIGN
AND BUILD USING COMMON
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS
FULL NAME: LIOW YUH QING
STUDENT ID NO: 0344135
SUBJECT: INTERIOR DESIGN TECHNOLOGY I
LECTURER IN CHARGE: MS SHARON

Before I start to build the model structure, I prepared all the materials and tools. The
materials needed include cement, model board, cardboard, wire, wire mesh, clay, PVC
board, balsa stick, and spacer block. The tools I use are super glue, plier, scissors, cutter,
metal ruler and others.
The actual material used is represented and replace with another material to simplify the
process. For example, the model board is used to replace concrete, the cardboard is use to
represent the concrete tile, the clay is used to replace bricks, PVC board is used to replace
glass, screw is used to represent spacer block, wire is used to replace steel, balsa stick is
used to replace wood truss and rafter and wire mesh is used to replace slab.
First of all, measure a 33cm x 33cm square at the model board using metal ruler and cut it
out using a cutter. Following on, four 33cm x 2.5cm model boards were measure and cut.
Then stick the four 33cm x 2.5cm model board to the 33cm x 33cm model board. This is use
as the base of the model structure and it represents the RC floor slab. The base of the model
is shown below.

Secondly, put 8 screws which represent the concrete spacer block at each end of the model
board base. The concrete spacer block are strong and have high load resistance so that they
will use it in foundations, bridges, dam and also slab. This is to separate the slab and the
footing.
Thirdly, put the wire mesh into the square base to represent slabs and tie 4 wires at each
end of the square base. The steel bars are there to support the RC column. The importance
of the steel bars are to improve the ductility of the column so that it will be more stronger
and be able to withstand the earthquake and do not slant easily. Therefore, the steel bars
ned to be join onto the wire mesh to prevent the column from collapsing.

Fourth, measure sixteen 21cm x 5cm model board. Then combine 4 of it together to form a
column. The process is repeated three times to form 4 columns all together. This rectangle
will act as a mole to fix the shape of the RC column when we pour in the cement.
Fifth, the cement is poured into each column and the square base to make the RC floor slab.
Then place it at a space with good ventilation and wait for it to dry. After the cement is dried,
remove the model board from the structure carefully.
Sixth, pour the cement inside the rectangular column with the steel bar and wait for it to dry.
After the cement is dried, remove the model board from the structure carefully.

Seventh, use balsa stick to make the window and door frame and PVC board which
represents glass are used to make a door and window.
Eighth, clay is used to make small rectangles to represent the bricks.
Ninth, stick the wood tiles to the cement floor to improve the beauty of the model house.

Tenth, stack the small rectangles and stick them together to make the four walls of the
model structure.
Eleventh, use the model board to make two 30cm x 5 cm rectangle and two 25cm x 5cm
rectangle to represent the beams. Each rectangle represents a beam. The one circled in red
is represent beams. I’m using model board to represent the RC concrete beams. Beams are
structural elements to connect the columns and also to support the slabs. It will create a
safe load path to transfer the weight of the structure to the foundations and the grounds.
When the beams are here to support the slabs, it will also form a T section beams. Most of
the beams are supported by two columns.

Next, the balsa wood is used to make the wood truss. The type of wood truss is modified
queenpost and I have made five wood trusses. A wood truss is a structural framework to
provide support for the roof. The longitudinal wood stick is known as purlins. The space
between each wood truss is bay. By having a wood truss, its helps to prevent damage and
collapse to the exposed roof. Besides that, the rafters are there to support the roof shingles,
roof deck and also the loads.
Last but not least, stick the brown cardboard which represent the concrete tile.

Close-up view of the model house
Annotated Perspective View of Building

Throughout the whole process of the model making, I have learned a couple of knowledge
on building a model house using common structural elements such as slab, column, beam
and so on. I have learned how to build a house using cement and also the importance of
having a common structural in a building. All of the common structural materials play an
important role in supporting the whole entire building. Without having them in a building,
the construction of the building will be failed and the building might get collapsed. Besides
that, throughout this assignment, I had a clear mindset on the process of building a house
and also know the importance of the roof structure. I get to know different types of wood
truss such as modified queenpost, kingpost, queenpost and so on. I had a better
understanding on the structural common materials in the end.

SKETCHUP DRAWING
AXONOMETRIC VIEW
Front view

AXONOMETRIC VIEW
BACK VIEW
SIDE VIEW (LEFT)
SIDE VIEW (RIGHT)