Assessment of Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services in Romanian

16
Policy
sector
Water
Marine
Forestry
Biodiversity
Natural
Resource
Water
Ecosystem
Typology
(MAES
Level 2)
Rivers and
lakes
Wetlands
Marine
inlets and
transitional
waters
Coastal
(50-70 m)
Shelf (200 m)
Woodland and
forest
ALL –
including
Heathland and
shrub as well
as Sparsely or
unvegetated
land
Pressures from human
activities (Sectoral policy
analysis & State of the
Environment National Report
2013/2014)
Human settlements; industry
(industrial and urban water
treatment stations; facilities for
iron and steel production as well
as production of ferrous and
nonferrous metals; production
of organic/inorganic chemical
substances; oil and gas refineries;
opencast mining and quarrying
- ballast and sand extraction;
production of cellulose from timber,
paper and cardboard); agriculture;
fisheries and aquaculture; forest
exploitations; accidental pollution
sources; hydromorphological
pressures (dams, derivations,
regularizations, damming, shore
defenses) due to hydropower,
navigation or structural measures
for flood protection
Commercial and leisure fishing;
aquaculture; agriculture; nautical
activities; extraction; deposits of
substances from the atmosphere;
thermal stations; marine traffic;
urban expansion
Uncontrolled exploitation of
woodmass and illegal logging,
especially in forests recentrly
returned to original owners and not
currently managed; wood industry;
land use change
Land conversion aimed at
development of urban, industrial,
agriculture, touristic or Transport
and energy infrastructure;
development and expansion of
human settlements; hydraulic
works; over-exploitation of natural
resources (forest management,
grazing, illegal hunting, exploitation
of non-renewable resources);
introduction of invasive species
Type of impact resulting
from pressures (Sectoral
policy analysis & State of
the Environment National
Report 2013/2014)
diffuse and point-source
pollution; hydromor phological
changes of the water
body
Physical damage and loss –
habitats destruction, coastal
erosion; changes in
thermal regime; water pollution
from contamination
with dangerous substances;
depletion of natural resources
– biological disturbances
caused by the introduction of
nutrients and organic matter
habitats fragmentation; soil
erosion or landslides; flooding;
micro-climate modifications
degradation, destruction and
fragmentation of habitats
and implicitely decline in
natural populations; the extensive
modification, sometimes
above the critical
threshold, of the structural
configuration of watersheds
and water courses, associated
with significant reductions
in the resilience of
aquatic ecosystems versus
pressures from human activities;
the excessive simplification
of the structure
and multifunctional capacity
of ecosystems; destructuration
and reduced
pro ductivity of biodiversity
components in agriculture
(increased vulnerability of
the Romanian territory in
front of geomorphological,
hydrological and climate
hazards as a result); pollution
and nutrient loading