WP2 Turkey: Country Report - İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi | AB Enstitüsü

Social Impact of Emigration and Rural-Urban Migration in Central and Eastern Europe
VT/2010/001
Table of Contents
1. Socio-Economic and Political Overview ......................................................................... 3
2. Main Emigration and Internal Migration Trends and Patterns ..................................... 4
2.1. Main Emigration Trends ............................................................................................ 5
2.2. Main Internal Migration Trends ................................................................................. 7
2.3. Main Characteristics of Migrants .............................................................................. 8
3. Nation-wide Labour Market and Social Development Trends under the Influence of
Emigration ........................................................................................................................... 9
3.1. Economic and Labour Market Developments ........................................................ 9
3.2. Social security ........................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Poverty and Social Exclusion ................................................................................. 14
4. Labour Market and Social Development Trends in Net Migration Loss / Gain
Regions ............................................................................................................................. 16
4.1. Identification of Net Migration Loss / Gain Regions ............................................ 16
4.2. Labour Market Development in Net Migration Loss / Gain Regions ................ 16
4.3. Poverty and Social Exclusion in Net Migration Loss / Gain Regions ............... 17
5. Impact of Migration on Vulnerable Groups ................................................................... 18
5.1. Women / Children / Elderly ..................................................................................... 18
5.2. Post-conflict Refugees and IDPs ........................................................................... 19
5.3. Roma .......................................................................................................................... 21
5.4. Other Ethnic and Religious Vulnerable Communities ......................................... 22
6. Policy Responses ............................................................................................................. 25
6.1. Encouragement of Circular Migration .................................................................... 25
6.2. Encouragement of Return Migration and Support of Integration of Returnees26
6.3. Reintegration of IDPs and Refugees ..................................................................... 29
6.4. Development of Net Migration Loss/Gain Regions ............................................. 30
6.5. Support to Vulnerable Groups related to Migration ............................................. 32
6.6. Best Practice Examples of Policy Responses ..................................................... 33
7. Key challenges and policy suggestions ........................................................................ 33
7.1. Key challenges of the social impact of emigration and internal migration ....... 33
7.2. Policies to be taken by different actors ................................................................. 34
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 37
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................. 46
Final Country Report Turkey 2