Jill Gehrig, Rebecca Sroda, Darlene Saccuzzo - Fundamentals of Periodontal Instrumentation and Advanced Root Instrumentation (2016, LWW) - libgen.lc

30 Fundamentals of Periodontal Instrumentation & Advanced Root Instrumentation
MAGNIFICATION LOUPES
1. Magnif cation Loupes: Ergonomically Help ul or Harm ul? Magni cation through
surgical telescopes—known as magnif cation loupes—may be a technological aid
during periodontal instrumentation (Fig. 1-53).
A. Research Evidence Concerning Magnif cation Loupes
1. While the use of loupes is often promoted as an ergonomic intervention, there
is little published research to support this claim (8).
a. A study by Hayes et al. (8) suggests that wearing loupes has both positive
and negative effects on upper extremity MSDs among dental hygienists
(22,50,53). Additional research is needed to assess the long-term e ects o
loupes wear, over an extended period o time.
b. A study by Hoerler et al. (52) shows no statistically signi cant data to
support the use of magni cation loupes to enhance indirect vision skills
among dental hygiene students.
2. Magni cation may reduce the tendency to lean forward in an attempt to obtain
a better view of the treatment area and therefore, reduce musculoskeletal strain
to the clinician’s neck, back, and shoulder muscles.
B. Problems Associated with Loupes
1. As with most equipment, how the loupes are used determines whether this
equipment is bene cial in reducing musculoskeletal strain (Fig. 1-54). A poorly
f tted or incorrectly used magnif cation system is more likely to exacerbate
musculoskeletal problems than to solve them (54–57). It is important to make
sure that the magni cation system is properly tted to the clinician.
2. According to Chang (55), President and Chief Scientist of SurgiTel/General
Scienti c Group, “Many clinicians think loupes solve ergonomic problems, but
loupes can create ergonomic problems. The key is to nd loupes that meet their
ergonomic requirements.”
a. Loupes with improper working distances and declination angles can actually
cause chronic neck and upper back pain (55,57–59).
b. Misalignment of the two oculars can cause eyestrain, double vision, and
headaches. Clinicians should try loupes before they buy and ensure the
loupes are custom- t.
Fig ure 1-53. Flip-Up Style. Flip-up styles have
the magnif cation telescopes attached to the
eyeglasses by a hinged bracket. The bracket
allows the clinician to obtain nonmagnif ed
vision by rotating the telescopes above the
eyewear. (Courtesy o SurgiTel/General Scientif c
Corporation.)