Task 2 introduction to linguistics

Task 2 - The nature of linguistics and
language
Student:
Elker Jesus Agudelo Escalante
Group:
518017_11
Tutor:
Sandra Guerrero
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA – UNAD
ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION – ECEDU
INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTIC
ABRIL 2022

Estudent: Quintero Hidalgo Manlio
Step 2: Answers
What is Linguistics?
INTRODUCCIONS TO SOCIALINGUISTICS
It is the study of signs consisting only of a sentence. These signs of language are
made up of four parts: phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Semantics
deals with meanings (what is meant), while the other three deal with the Exponent.
In this way, everything is made up of sets of sounds, or when we write. A language
is a set of signs. A grammar consists of a set of signs. (called a lexicon) along with
a finite set of functions that operate on signs.
What is the relationship of Linguistics with the object of study of
Sociolinguistics?
The relationship is that Linguistics is the scientific discipline, which investigates the
origin, structure and evolution of language, to differentiate the laws that govern
ancient and modern languages, analyzing their histories and comparing them with
others, and Sociolinguistics is the study of language as it is used, as well as of
society as an entity that communicates: it is the field that studies the relationship
between language and society; between the uses of language and the social
structures in which language users live and develop.
There are several possible relationships between language and society. One is that
social structure may influence or determine linguistic structure or behavior. Some
evidence can be adduced to support this view: age-grading the phenomenon
whereby young children speak differently from older children and, in turn, children
speak differently from mature adults; studies showing that the varieties of language
speakers use reflect such matters as their regional, social or ethnic origin, and
possibly even their gender; and other studies showing that particular ways of
speaking, word choices, and even rules for doing so are very much determined by
certain social demands.
Culture and behavior can influence or determine the social structure of languages,
rather than the speakers of these languages, they can be 'sexist' Another
relationship is that the influence is bidirectional: language and society can influence
each other. A variant of this approach is that this influence is lectical in nature, a
Marxist view put forward by Dittmar (1976), who argues (p. 238) that 'speech
behavior and social behavior are in a state of constant interaction' and that the
“material conditions of life” are an important factor in the relationship.
The relationship between language and society will be quite obvious in doing so
correlational studies should form an important part of sociolinguistic work. Gumperz
(1971, p. 223) has observed that sociolinguistics is an attempt to find correlations
between social structure and linguistic structure and to observe any changes that

occur. Chambers (2002, p. 3) is even more direct: “Sociolinguistics is the study of
the social uses of language, and the most productive studies in the four decades of
sociolinguistic research have emanated from determining the social evaluation of
linguistic variants.
How does language or the use of the “meaning of words” become a tool of
Social and Political Power?
They are converted through an "interventionist" approach to issues that concern
society through politics. using “linguistics with a conscience and cause, one that
seeks to reveal how language is used and abused in the exercise of power and the
suppression of human rights” (Widdowson, 1998, p. 136).
Language is used to exercise and preserve power and privilege in society, in terms
of developing social power relations, reinforcing social institutions, and how even
those who suffer as a result fail to realize how many things that seem being 'natural'
and 'normal' are not at all so. They are not because it is the power relations in society
that determine who can say what and who can write what.
Politics, medicine, religion, education, law, race, gender, and academia can only be
understood for what they really are within the framework of critical discourse
analysis: as systems that maintain an unequal distribution of wealth. , income, status,
group affiliation, education, etc. Fairclough (2001, p. 6) expresses what he sees as
the failure of sociolinguistics to deal with such matters.
Why is it important to study Sociolinguistics?
Sociolinguistics is the study of language variation. It is important since the purpose
of such a study is to discover what variation tells us about language and the
speakers' "knowledge" of language, in this case, their unconscious awareness of
subtle linguistic differences.
However, a worthwhile sociolinguistics must be more than just a mix of linguistics
and sociology that takes concepts and findings from the two disciplines and tries to
relate them in a simple way. Certainly, it must go beyond Horvath's (1998, p. 448)
view that sociolinguists should choose freely from sociology: "Sociolinguists
periodically turn to sociology and to 'social networks' or 'the language market'" .
"...and we find these concepts terribly helpful in understanding the patterns that
emerge from our data.
The new society must give importance to social networks compared to other ways
of dealing with the structure of society and ignore whether or not these models have
become controversial within the discipline of the home.
Specific points of connection between language and society must be discovered,
and these must be related within theories that shed light on how linguistic and social
structures interact, or what is needed, according to Cameron (p. 62), is more
engagement. social for linguistics to deal with issues such as the production and

reproduction of linguistic norms through socializing institutions and practices; how
these norms are apprehended, accepted, resisted and subverted by individual actors
and what is their relationship with the construction of identity.
What is Dialect?
Dialectal varieties (or dialects) are turns or particular idioms that identify different
groups of speakers of a language, without questioning the linguistic unity of their
language. Linguistic varieties in Colombia are Creole, spoken in local and regional
settings, including indigenous ones, and after this, each region has its own dialect
through accent and unique characteristics.
In Colombia there are sixty-six indigenous languages, isolated or grouped in more
than twenty families, to which Spanish is added as the majority language.
The second person plural is exclusively you, with the use of you confined to
ecclesiastical language.
The Colombian of the interior extends the treatment of you beyond situations of
formality. In recent times, tuteo is being openly implemented, especially among
young people.
The speech of the Caribbean coast uses the tuteo in an almost general way and the
túeo is limited to very formal situations.
The voseo is widespread in large areas of the interior of the country, although it
comes to have a certain negative value among some cultured older speakers, so it
tends to be replaced by the treatment of you and to a lesser extent by the you in
those instances.
-Examples:
The diminutive in -ico, -ica extends to words whose last syllable begins with T. For
example: galleta= cracker/ galletica=cookie/ rato= little while /ratico=little bite
Twelve dialects of the Spanish language are spoken in the country:
coastal dialect. It has features similar to the Spanish of Andalusia or the Canary
Islands, and is more or less widespread in the lowlands of America. Its main
characteristics are:
Final consonants are weakened: preconsonantal -s becomes aspirated [h]. For
example: coast > kóhta.
The phenomenon of consonant budding occurs. For example: Cartagena >
Cattagena, truth > veddá.
The pronoun tú is widely used, except in formal language.
The reverential voseo is combined with the tuteo.

Subvariants: Barranquillero, Sabanero, Samario, Valduparense, Guajiro,
Cartagena.
GROUP’S CONTRIBUTIONS.
Estudent: Elker Jesús Agudelo Escalante
Hello classmate Manlio, when you write about the Colombian dialect, it is true that
Colombia is very rich in this field and I was able to experience it when making the
video that I shared in the forum.
REFERENCES
Kracht, M. (2005). Introduction to Linguistics. Department of Linguistics.
UCLA Publishing. https://linguistics.ucla.edu/people/Kracht/courses/ling20-
fall07/ling-intro.pdf
Wardhaugh, R. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Blackwell Publishing.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CwNuSJi913DsSk78cfEehXrMFj4lfyO/view?usp=sharing
video: https://youtu.be/c4AMuunxgu8

INTRODUCCIONS TO SOCIALINGUISTICS
Estudent: Elker Jesús Agudelo Escalante
Step 2: Answers
cordial greetings colleagues and tutor, I share step 2: answers
1. What is linguistics?
according to the text “Introduction to Linguistics” in linguistics is mainly related to
language and the “language signs are constituted of four different levels, not just
two: phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics” (p.4). Semantics deals with
the meanings, the syntaxis deals with how words are put together into sentences,
morphology deals with the study and description of the external forms of an object
and the phonology deals with studies the linguistic organization of the sounds of
the language and its study.
2. What Is the relation between linguistics with the sociolinguistics study
object?
according to the authors cited in the text “An Introduction to Sociolinguistics” we
find to Chambers (2002, p. 3) says that “Sociolinguistics is the study of the social
uses of language” and Holmes (1992, p. 16) argues that “the sociolinguist’s aim is
to move towards a theory which provides a motivated account of the way language
is used in a community, and of the choices people make when they use language”
(p.11)
3. How does language or the use of the “word” become a source of social
and political power?
I think that the "word" can become a source of social and political power, through
social interaction and use of its symbolism and meaning. Also, I consider that it
becomes political power by the speeches that are used
4. why is it important to carry out sociolinguistic studies?
According to Wardhaugh (2006) “the purpose of such study is to find out what
variation tells us about language and speakers’ ‘knowledge’ of language, in this
case their unconscious knowledge of subtle linguistic differences” (p. 12)
References Kracht, M. (2005). Introduction to Linguistics. Department of
Linguistics. UCLA Publishing.

Estudent: Quintero Hidalgo Manlio
GROUP’S CONTRIBUTIONS.
Then I will do the feedback of the partner's answers.
Partner ELKER JESUS AGUDELO:
Although it is true, the set of signs and norms make up linguistics, but each branch
studies a different context to understand its roots, in that order of ideas,
sociolinguistics seeks the appropriate tools in our society to communicate
accurately through a proper motivation. and make the right decisions.
On the other hand, regarding the proper use of words in political speeches, it is
known for certain that these words have a lot of power and influence in the minds
of people in society, so they move masses and execute orders to change the
things in everyone's life.
REFERENCES
Kracht, M. (2005). Introduction to Linguistics. Department of Linguistics.
UCLA Publishing. https://linguistics.ucla.edu/people/Kracht/courses/ling20-
fall07/ling-intro.pdf
Wardhaugh, R. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Blackwell Publishing.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CwNuSJi913DsSk78cfEehXrMFj4lfyO/view?usp=sharing
VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=5&v=chPfq3XLFBk
Reproducir Vídeo