Curaçao & Sint Maarten - UNDP Trinidad and Tobago

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Graph: 1.2.1: Total population by nationality in the former Netherlands Antilles, 2001 Source: CBS, National Census 2001 Graph 1.2.2: Total Population by nationality in Curaçao, 2001 Graph 1.2.3: Total population by nationality in Sint Maarten, 2001 Source: CBS, National Census, 2001 Aging In the past decade the population has been aging25 . The number of people aged 65 and older has increased in the former Netherlands Antilles between 1997 and 2002. This increase may be related to the decrease of the group of young people (0-15), caused by migration. Consequently, the mean age of the population has increased from 31.5% in 1992 to 34.7% in 200126 . Issues faced by the elderly pose a major problem in Curaçao27 with an aging increase from 6.5% in 1997 to 11.4% in 2002 and 12% in 2009, while in Sint Maarten the percentage of people over 65 is relatively low (3.1) due to the balancing factor of young labor-intensive immigrants. The figures still show, albeit a minimal, annual growth in Sint Maarten as seen from 2.9% in 1997 to 3.1% in 2002. Migration impacted the age structure of the population of the former Netherlands Antilles. Another explanation is the lower fertility of the women, causing a diminished natural growth. Furthermore, life expectancy has increased because of the improvement of housing conditions and a better supply of medical, hygienic and social facilities28 . This aging of the population will put pressure on society because of the increased use of public funds and health care to be expected in the future. 29 25 CBS (NA) 2003. 26 CBS (NA) 2001. 27 Reda Sosial (2003). 28 Reda Sosial (2003). 29 CBS (NA) 2001. 48 First National Report | Curaçao and Sint Maarten Millennium Development Goals | 2011 Report
While these ratios are indicative, poverty reduction analyses show that the target priorities for men and women would be different for varying age groups. In the case of males, efforts have to be concentrated among the youth between the ages of 10-19 years of age. This age bracket has the highest population of boys who will become future leaders. Therefore, multidimensional socio economic, educational, social and cultural programs must be designed to keep boys in school and meaningfully engage them in society. For females, attempts need to be made to provide more productive employment opportunities, diversify the job markets available to women as well as create more parity in the income levels between women and men. Health In 2001, ISOG researched the relation between health and determinants such as gender, age, household income, occupational prestige and educational level in Sint Maarten, Saba, Sint Eustatius and Bonaire30 . One of the conclusions indicated a link between health and a lower socioeconomic status (SES) 31 . In Sint Maarten the Antillean part of the population apparently experiences more problems with their health than migrants, who come in rather good health in order to work, the so-called healthy worker effect. Women and the elderly are important risk groups. Women are more often unemployed or working part-time, tend to have lower incomes, have jobs without any prospect, and furthermore accept full responsibility of the care of the children and the household. This is often linked to stress and weak health factors. Another risk group is made up of the elderly who, despite their bad health, still live on their own. Diabetes is a common disease among this group. The deteriorating physical condition, bad infrastructure (transport, roads) and the lack of recreational facilities isolate the elderly from society leading to mental problems. The example of Bonaire can be exemplified where the elderly are doing relatively well, living in safe and quiet conditions with a sense of strong community integration32 . More facilities are provided for the elderly to move around and exercise because of the small distances. The most common (chronic or non-communicable) diseases in the former Netherlands Antilles are, among other things: high blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems, glaucoma and psychological problems. According to data gathered in all the islands, 20-30% of the adults of the former Antillean population have problems with hypertension, 10% have diabetes and 50% suffer from obesity33 . The medical researchers believe that almost all the poverty-related complaints described above are linked to obesity. In Sint Maarten, Saba and Bonaire the percentage of persons with obesity from minimum to severe levels is around 60%. One of the causes of obesity is determined by cultural and socio-economic factors34 . Most people have bad eating habits and exercise too little (table 1.2.8). Table 1.2.8: Lifestyle population (%) in the former Netherlands Antilles in 2002 Habit Population Bonaire Curaçao Saba St. Eustatius Sint Maarten Smoking 20.5 17.0 19.6 14.4 15.6 Alcohol 66.5 69.7 60.8 58.1 69.0 Vegetables 56.5 63.1 46.5 52.4 37.5 Fruit 46.3 50.0 31.3 38.5 33.0 Exercise 40.9 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 Source: Grievink et al. (2002) 30 In 1999 in Curaçao: Alberts, Health Study (1996). 31 SES refers to determinants such as educational level, income, etc. 32 Grievink (2002a). 33 The most important data on health on the former Netherlands Antilles are found in Alberts et al. (1996), Eimers et al. (1997), Lourents et al. (2001), Fuchs et al. (2001), Grievink et al. (2002). 34 Grievink et al. (2002). First National Report | Curaçao and Sint Maarten Millennium Development Goals | 2011 Report 49
Page 1 and 2: First Millennium Development Goals
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents List of tables 4
Page 5 and 6: Table 3.6.1: Average earned monthly
Page 7 and 8: Participants and trainers at the MD
Page 9 and 10: ICT Information and Communication T
Page 11 and 12: Formal employment: Wage and salarie
Page 13 and 14: First National Report | Curaçao an
Page 15 and 16: and Elizabeta Hopic from UNICEF Bos
Page 17 and 18: Foreword: Prime Minister of Sint Ma
Page 19 and 20: The Caribbean Specific Millennium D
Page 21 and 22: Goals Targets Indicators 8. Develop
Page 23 and 24: 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improv
Page 25 and 26: First National Report | Curaçao an
Page 27 and 28: Within the context of this MDG repo
Page 29 and 30: This phenomenon is characterized as
Page 31 and 32: Goal 4. Reduce child mortality Targ
Page 33 and 34: Goal 7. Environmental sustainabilit
Page 35 and 36: Introduction Background of the Mill
Page 37 and 38: Country Profile of Curaçao and Sin
Page 39 and 40: Graph 1: Population of Curaçao and
Page 41 and 42: Graph 1.1.1: GDP by sector and kind
Page 43 and 44: The Millennium Development Goals fo
Page 45 and 46: Table 1.2.3: Persons without income
Page 47: Table 1.2.6: Population former Neth
Page 51 and 52: Table 1.2.10: Cumulative registered
Page 53 and 54: Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty a
Page 55 and 56: Table 1.3: Distribution of equivale
Page 57 and 58: ate with minimal increase in minimu
Page 59 and 60: 34% of the households were headed b
Page 61 and 62: According to the 2001 Census 1.5% o
Page 63 and 64: Goal 2: Achieve universal primary a
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Page 69 and 70: Outlook Disaggregation issues are o
Page 71 and 72: The gender differences in participa
Page 73 and 74: The gender dimensions in education
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.8: Number of women holding
Page 77 and 78: Outlook A range of initiatives rela
Page 79 and 80: Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Targ
Page 81 and 82: Table 4.4: Vital statistics (relati
Page 83 and 84: Maternal mortality ratio Goal 5: Im
Page 85 and 86: Sexually transmitted diseases The o
Page 87 and 88: Graph 6.1: Recorded HIV/AIDS cumula
Page 89 and 90: heterosexual transmission. 19% thro
Page 91 and 92: Indicators Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS,
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Page 95 and 96: Table 7.1: Preliminary quantitative
Page 97 and 98: Target 7.3 Improvement in the lives
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Table 7.6: Impact of hurricanes in
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Outlook Balancing economic, ecologi
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Target 8.1 International trade and
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Table 8.3:Total imports and exports
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The cooperation between the former
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From the ANG 5.7 billion owed ANG 3
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In Curaçao, the creation of a new
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Panama’s conditional cash transfe
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On Capacity gaps Issues of human re
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Department for Development Cooperat
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esults-focused monitoring and advoc
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Contact list MDG’s by goal Curaç
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A Process Driven Exercise Since the
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George H., Kleijer K., De Luca W.,
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First National Millennium Developme
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Curaçao & Sint Maarten - UNDP Trinidad and Tobago

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