The First Crossing of the Blue Mountains

— PRESENTED TO —
THE BOYAL AUSTRALIAN H ISTORICAL SOCIETY
S e p t e m b e r ,1947

m
E.T. No. 1.
Com m on w ealth of A u s t r a lia .
. ' — —■ ' ■■■■" St
| POSTMASTER-G&f EKAL' S DEPARTMENT, HEW SOUTH WALES.
f
TELEGRAM.
n .
t» This message has been received subject to the Post and Telegraph Act and Regulations.
g
S
A ll co.uplainU to be addressed In writing to the Deputy Postmaster-General.
Station from, No. of words, check, and time lodged.
Remarks.
f* Q U s ^ v i^ ~ _____ ____ ___
ty^LchU ^ ‘i « ^ a /Ax ^
/
< ? £ >

LEGRAM.
S t 8481
MEtfT, NEW SOUTH WALES.
This message has been received subject to the Post and Telegraph Act and Regulations.
A ll coaiplainta to be addxe^ned in writing to th» Deputy Postmaster-General. \
Station from, No. of words, c h e c k , and time lodged.
Remarks.
9
w
lr»
O
K

"y g F ': '
J^leWsJ&d p tfr^ rfic le j ^ e p o rP j oj* A^^H'ijggs^.
---------■ \ t ) c o p p c c l l o p vVi*lfj?, —~ — —
T j > e
T F i r s f ( V o c ^ « _ p
V
o r T r i e .
3 1 m e M o u . o f e i a s
1813
C o i r ^ J ^ i l e d b y T r < ^ b K W W l k e r .
I ^ W Q O d i l
— —

y ------ ‘ | (N fO (= X .— f >cu q e& . I 4
Advertisement, Sydney f e t i n g ... ... » 3
,, “ calling for Subscriptions ... 4
Article, Blue Mountain Centenary- (ff#W.4 ... 13,16
Address to School Children,- (F.W.) ... ... 18,21
Account of the Celebrations ... ......... ...26,31
Blaxland's Route Map ... ... ......... 17
,, , Wentworth, & Lawson, Article ... 22,26
,, ’s Journal, Review. ... ... ... 35
Centenary Celebrations ... ... ... ... 2,3,7
,i Preparations ... ... ... ... 4|35
,, Committee Meetings ... ... ... 5,7,8
,, of the Western Plains ... .......... ...38- 54
Cox, Willi am ... ... ... ... ... 41
Evans, George William, portrait ... .......... ...41
,, s Diary ... ... ... ... ... 4I*«46
,, s Map of Route ... ... ... ... 47
"Evans' Crown", Mountain near Parana .......... ...39,40
First Sydney Public Meeting ... ......... 1,2
Government Aid sought ... ... ........ . 8
Junction, Fish, and Campbell Rivers ......... 48
Lecture in Sydney, (F.Walker) ... ... ... 4
,, ,, Bathurst, ,, ,.. ... ... 32
Mount Biaxland located ... ... ........ ....10
,, ,, a Trip to ... ... ... ... XX
,, Correspondence. ... ... 11,12,13
Macquarie Rouse ................................ ...49-52
,, Governor ... ... ... ... ... 41
Meeting, Public, in Sydney ................. ...1,2
Our Benefactors * ... ... ... ......... ...35
08Connell Plains ... ... ... ......... ...48
Photo. B.M.C.C«mmittee .......... ......... ...33
Post-card View, Mt Victoria ... ......... ...34
Precedence, a question of ... ......... ...16
"Rosenthal", Little Hartley .................. 37
Settlers, the first in the W e s t ................. 53-54
•Vestera Road, Little Hartley ................. 37

I N l C l E X 7
I_H_ D B X - P a ges .55_ t o _ 1 0 7
A d d r e s s to s t u d e n t s at B a t h u r s t , F . W a l k e r
A l l Saints' C a t h e d r a l , B a t h u r s t
B i r t h d a y of the D i s c o v e r y of B a t h u r s t ........
" B r u c e d a l e " ,o ld r e s i d e n c e of S u t t o r F a m i l y . ...
Bushy, Mrs, P o r t r a i t .............................
C a s s i d y ,M a j o r , R e m i n i s c e n c e s of . ...
C e n t e n a r y C e l e b r a t i o n s , Bathurst, Hov. 1 5 - 2 2 , 1 5 8 3
, t ,, Documents,
,, ,, Bathurst,
C o a c h i n g Days, The ................... .....
D i s t r i c t of B a t h u r s t ,G r o w t h o f ........
E v a n s , G " ¥ . ,G r a n d s o n of the e xplorer . . .
" E v e n s ' C r o w n ”, Tarana .. .. .........
Evans, G e o r g e W i l l i a m , P o r t r a i t
F i r s t Settlers, The ..........
,, Church, 5 he ... ,Tirnm
G o l d D i s c o v e r y , The ..........
" H e r e f o r d ”,
H o l y T r i n i t y C h u r c h,Kelso,
H i s t o r y o f B a t h u r s t , E a r l y .. . ..
Lee, J o h n ......................
Lee, G e o r g e .................
M a c q u a r i e H o u s e ..........
M e t h o d i s t C h u r c h , B a t h u r s t
O b e l i s k , G e n e r a l Stewart
Old M e m o r i e s , B u i l d i n g of the R a i l w a y
P i o n e e r s , Some of the old ................
R e s i d e n c e of the early days, a ..
R u r a l Scene, B a t h u r s t .......................
R o m a n C a t h o l i c C a t h e d r a l , B a t h u r s t
R u t h e r f o r d , J a m e s , F a m i l y H o m e of ............
,, ,, P o r t r a i t ................
R a i l w a y B u i l d i n g of the l i n e to B a t h u r s t
S u t t o r Family, old r e s i d e n c e of ............
St J o s e p h ' s M o u n t , ...........................
S t e w a r t , J . H . R e s i d e n c e of .................
,, M a j o r General, .......................
,, J . H . ,P o r t r a i t .......................
S u t t o r Family, the . . .
St S t e p h e n ' s P r e s b y t e r i a n Church, B a t h u r s t
Turpin, M r s , D a u g h t e r o f G.7 . E vans
6 3 - 6 6

1
Z r K f
C R O S S IN G T H E MOUN-
.T A M S .
CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS.
S P E E C H B Y T H E GOVEBNOB.
. The proposed celebration ol tie centenary
ot the crossing of the Blue Mountains by Blaxland,
Wentworth, and Lawson, was discussed at
a public meeting in the Sydney Town Hall on
Tuesday alternoon.
The Lord Mayor presided, and amongst those
present were the Governor, Mr. Frank Walker,
(president o f the Celebration committee), Colonel
Rupert Carrington, C.V.O., D.S.O., the
Rev. Archdeacon Gunther, Mr. D. R. Nall,
M.L.C., Mr. J. Dooley, M .L .A ., Messrs. Collett
(Mayor of Parramatta), J. Ryan, J. W .
Eerghofer, H. G. Reinits, J. Bloome, and Captain
Lamb (the organising secretary).
The Lord. Mayor garve a brief histo*ical resume
of tho colony’s history prior to the expedition
of the three explorers, a?d pointed
out the benefits that had resulted to New
South Wales as a result o f the successful
crossing of the hitherto impassable range. He
hoped that a liberal response "•""''I be made
towards subscribing funds ±01 tua . proposedcelebration,
and stated that he had received
a cheque for £50 from Mr. W. Dixon.
Lord Chelmsford moved the following resolution:—That
afrangements be made to celebrate
ihe centenary of the gallant efforts of
Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson In crossing
the then impenetrable and unassailable Blue
Mountains 1n May, 1813, and thus assisting to
develop the present magniflc-nt pastoral and
farming lands.
His Excellency said:—“ We all travel so very
easily nowadays that we hardly reflect on the
difficulties involved in laying down a road or
railway, and moreover, are apt to forget all the
toil, Thought, knowledge, and care that have
to be exercised by the men who had planned
out the particular road or railway. One hundred
years ago the colony of New South Wales was
cribbed, cabined, and confined by an impenetrable
mountain range, over which many attempts
had been made to traverse. All sort*
of legends then prevailed as to the conditions
there prevailing,' and as to those who inhabited
the ranges. About that time the colony experienced
a drought, and Governor Macquari*
felt that the last stage was reached In the
colony’s existence unless something was done
In penetrating the mountains to the north and
West. In consequence thereof the three brave
meu. the centenary of whose success it was
| orop^scd to celebrate next year, set ont, and
a fto r. untold hardships, achieved their goal.
His Excellency reminded his hearers that
| when honoring ihc three explorers, the action
I of Governor Macquarie, in immediately taking
steps r.o have the road surveyed by Surveyor
Evuns. should not be overlooked.
There were certain outstanding features
which marked out the achievement as worthy
; ot commemoration—firstly, because it was the
I first successful attempt of exploration ever
| m rdt in Australia, also it was the first supcet'Sful
crossing o f the Blue Mountains, since
I wlita ini ether road has been followed over
those mountains, except the one travelled by
the explorers. There was, however, even a
sti onger reason. He did not believe in com ­
memorating the centenary of every eveni, and
before doing so, would apply the following
test: Was the event o f such importance that,
without it happening, history would have to
be written another way? .In this case no one
could doubt but that the crossing of the Blue
Mountains exercised a momentous influence on
the very existence of the continent. He had,
therefore, great pleasure In seconding the resolution.
. ■ I ___-------------
Councillor Berghofer (Blaxland Shire), having
f seconded the foregoing, Mr. Frank Walker
moved the second resolution, as follow s:—
"That it bo decided to formulate some practical
and workable schemes by which a consideraible
amount of money may be raised in
thu city, suburbs, and country towns.”
Mr. J. Ryan (Lithgow) in seconding briefly out
lined the proposed programme, which consisted
of (1) permanent improvements, (2) pavilion
Mount York, memorial at Mount Blaxland,
(•>) decoration of ouelisK at Mount York by the
trustees, (4) decoratiun of the marked tree by
the Katoomba Municipality, (5) banquet on the
day of celebration, at which two of the foremost
Australian orators were to make orations,
(G), general celebrations in all mountain cen-
1 tres from Penrith to Orange, (7) bonfires on
the principal peaks of the range.
Mr. Hall, Minister for Justice, in moving the
third resalutlon, stated that he had been asked
by the Premier to attend the meeting that afternoon,
and, to express the entire sympathy of
tiie Government with the movement. He therefore
had great pleasuru in moving that we establish
a permanent record for all time to
those intrepid explorers, Blaxland, Wentworth,
and Lawson. Mr. H. G. Remits, In seconding,
, said that he as treasurer had received the sum
of £125 to date.
Mr. Dooley proposed the last resolution,
which was seconded by the Rev. Archdeacon
Gunther, and was as follow s:—"That a strong
metropolitan and suburban sub-committee be
formed of influential citizens working in conjunction
with the present executive com m ittee."
On the proposal of the Lord Mayor, it was
decided that the Sydney committee should con ­
sist of the District Commander, Colonel W allack,
their W orships the Mayors of Mascot,
Hunters Hill, Botany, W averley, Granville, Balmain,
Glebe, W illoughby, lirumiuoyuc, Reufern,
and Lane Cove. Messrs. C. D. ratterson.
-T
(

I)
F. C. Govers, H. G. Braddon, C. G. Wade,
H. T. M. Badgery. W . Dixcon. S. Jones, S. N.
M'Lennan, R. Venning Thomas, and T. M.
Shakespeare, together with those then p resent,
and with power to add to their number.
It was decided to form a deputation, consisting
of the Presidents and Mayors of the
various shires and municipalities interested,
as well as’ leading citizens of Sydney and the
suburbs a n d . the members of the committee,
who should interview the Government with a
view of obtaining a subsidy
On the propositicm of Alderman Collett
(Mayor of Parramatta), seconded by Mr. J-
Bloome, it was decided to ask the Lord Mayor
to accept the joint treasurership; and also,
on the motion of Mr. Ryan, to ask His Excellency
whether he could see bis way clear to
accept the positipn of chairman ot the Sydney
com m ittee.
The date of the next meeting was left to too
president and the organising secretary to a r­
range.
BLUE MOUNTAIN PIONEERS.
MOVEMENT TO MEMORIALISE
EXPLORERS.
It was not a large gathering, but thorougsly
earnest one, which assembled in the Townhall
yesterday to continue a movement originated
in the Blue Mountain townships to
celebrate the centenary of the Blaxland, Wentworth,
and Lawson expedition to discover a
crossing over the main range.
The Lord Mayor, who presided over the
gathering, proposed the desirability of m aking
arrangements to celebrate the gallant
efforts of Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson
In crossing the then impenetrable and unassailable
Blue Mountains in May, 1813 and thus
assisting to develop t':e present magnificent
pastoral and farming lands.
The State Governor, Lord Chelmsford, cordially
supported the proposal. It was a hundred
years since the colony seemed to be going
to be “ cribbed, cabined, and confined” by the
mountains to the north and west. For 25 years
from the beginning of the settlement attempts
had been made to get through the6e formidable 1
barriers. Eight unsuccessful attempts were
made. At a critical period a severe drought
occurred, and Governor Macquarie realised that
something must be done in the way of opening
new grazing and agricultural land if the colony
were to be rescued from its deplorable condition.
Then, as was well known, three men
set out on a successful attempt to open up the |
back country, which feat it was proposed to
commemorate next year. While they proposed
to commemorate that fine achievement, ho
thought they should not forget that Governor
Macquarie backed up their successful work.
No one who was acquainted with the history I
of the crossing of the Blue Mountains and the
wonderful industrial development which had
followed it could doubt that the enterprise had
had an unusual influence upon the welfare of
the colony of New South Wales. (Applause.)
Mr. J. W. Berghofer supported the motion,
which was unanimously carried.
A large working committee, consisting of all
those present, besides the mayors of several
suburban and country municipalities, was
formed, and a plan of campaign arranged.
F R ID A Y , SE P T E M B E R 1 3 , 1912.
CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS.
If a p rogra m m e such as th a t ou tlin ed a t
K a to o m b a on S a tu rd a y can be ca rried ou t
a t M oj*n t 'Y ork n ext M ay, th e even t w ill b e
u niqu e in A u stra lia n h isto ry . T he p r o ­
gram m e is e q u a lly v a ried and com prehensive.
I t w ill b e sp ecta cu la r on a g rea t
scale, b u t it w ill a ls o com bin e m any item s
ca lcu la ted to p rod u ce perm anent effeet.^JL
m em orial p a v ilio n occu p ies ja—m o miineat
^ S t h t a T l o ^ i t e d in
such a b ea u ty s p o t as M ou nt Y o rk reserve,
w ill be a w ork o f perm anent u tility . X or
is M ou nt B la x la n d t o be fo r g o tte n . S om e­
th in g i n t h e w a y

3 13
w ill be m ustered t o sine A u stralian p a trio
tic son g s. A n effort w ill be m ade to h av e j
every section o f the C om m onw ealth defence
Iforces adequ ately represented, also the Xm- I
perial n av y, t o w hich, b eyon d all oth er
ea rth ly pow er, we ow e the p o s s ib ility of
being able to celebrate a trium ph of peaceful
co lo n iz a tio n achieved 100 years a go.
X o t on ly th rou g h ou t the d a y , but a lso
a t n ight, the celeb ra tion s w ill be con tin u ­
ed, and w hat w ith bonfires and general
illu m in ation s the m ou n tains w ill be a blaze
o f lig h t from P en rith t o ' O range. A lto g e ­
ther the scope o f the program m e is rem arkable,
and its successful rea lisa tion w ill entail
a g rea t expenditure of effort and or- ,
1ganisin g a b ility . There is, how ever, con - |
siderable enthusiasm behind the m o v e ­
m ent, and it is hoped th at this w ill tri ’ p !
the required m om entum . T he crossin g of
the m ou n tains in 1 8 1 3 was a d istin ct landm
ark in A u stra lia n h istory. I t was the
first successful attem p t to penetrate th e inte
r io r of th is S ta te , and its results A a v e a
trem endous stim ulus to settlem ent and p r o ­
d u ction in th ose ea rly days. Few A u stra - •
lian events in the first years o f the nineteenth
century are m ore w o rth y o f com ­
m em ora tion than this achievem ent o f B la x - ,
land, W entw orth, and L a w son , and every
A u stra lia n w ho realises its significance w ill
b e d isp osed t o a ssist in p rom o tin g th e success
o f the centenary celebrations. There
are, o f course, difficulties t o be overcom e,
and th e first o f these is financial. A la rge
sum w ill be required for perm anent mem -
} o ria ls and u n a void able incidental expenses.
I f citizen s gen erally w ill set th e exam ple b v
v o lu n ta rily subscribin g, the G overnm ent
m ay be m ore w illin g to give a su bstan tial
g ra n t in a id, im ost, if n ot all, of w hich j
w ould be spent in perm anent im provem ents
to a p op u la r and b ea u tifu lly situated reserve.
T h e m agnitude o f the celebrations
must depend en tirely on the extent o f the
financial su p p ort accord ed. S y m p a th y is
n a tu ra lly very g ra tify in g , b u t unless it develop
s a cash expression th e anxieties of
the com m ittee entrusted w ith the prepara- I
to r y w ork w ill be in no degree lightened.
CflOSSI{Jq THE BLUE MOUNTAINS.
Ce n t e n a r y c e l e b r a t io n s .
PROGRESS OF ARRANGEMENTS.
LITHGOW, Monday.—At a largely-attended
meeting of the executive of the Crossing of the
Blue Mountains Centenary Committee, on Saturi
day, Mr. Ryan reported that he had interviewed
Col. W allack, D istrict Commandant, during his
recent visit to lathgow. The Commandant
■was sympathetic and promised to give every
assistance towards the success of the proposed
military display at Mount York. Col. W aiiack
had promised to visit the site next month, and
was disposed to sanction the attendance of the
Garrison Band on celebration day.
The matter of arranging for children’ s choirs
was left in the hands of Mr. Laws and the
president (Mr. Frank W alker), the president
of the Historical Society, and Cr. Waterhouse,
who were requested to interview the conductors
of the Sydney Liedertafel. and other musical
societies. It was stated that the Minister for
Works had approved the rendering of assistance
by Mr. C. H. Caswell, C.E., in preparing
a sketch of the site at Mount York, plans for
the necessary road, and other improvements,
and locating the route taken by the explorers
from Mount York to Mount Blaxland. Mr.
Cormack promisad the support of the Tourist
Bureau in securing adequate publicity for the
celebrations.
Mr. Shakespeare, manager of the Country
Press Association, wrote that suitable articles
would be embodied in the literary supplement
Issued by the association, and published in 60
papers. ______________
r-i —-
________Meetings. __________
BOSSING OF THE BLUE MOUNTAINS CENTENARY.
O 4 PUBUC MEETING will be held in the Vestibule
ot the Town-hall, OCTOBER 22, 4 p.m.
BUSINESS: Forming a Sydney Committee to work in
conjunction with the Mountain Committee.
Public cordially invited to attend. The Lord Mayor
will preside. State Governor will be present.
FRAMi WALKER, President,
tnH President Australian Historical Society.
Captain CECIL LAMB,
R.A.G.A. (ret.),
________________Organising Secretary.

4 B
•fF ra sr- c E o ssiiT s b l u e m o u h t a i u s ,
PREPARING FOR THE CENTENARY.
The project ot fittingly celebrating the firs*
crossing qf the Blue Mountains by Messrs*
Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson in May,
1S1J, is being taken up with enthusiasm by
the residents of the various towns on tba
mountains, as well as by a large number

j
I
CROSSING THE BLUE IHOUN-
J ' TAINS.
J r
________ #_______
. ^ e n t h u s ia s t ic m e e t in g a t
y
KATOOMBA.
; BIS PROGRAMME APPROVED.
A t a m eeting o f the C rossing of the Blue
i M ountains C entenary C om m ittee, held a t
IK a to o m b a T o w n H all on S a tu rd a y ev»n-
Iing, the p rogra m m e suggested b y th e execu-
Itiv e w as b ro u g h t forw a rd and explained b y
H r. j . Ryian, one of,th e vice-presidents, d iscussed,
and the fo llo w in g agreed t o :— I
I I t w as resolv ed th at fo r the present the
exact d a te o f th e celebration be left open,
i p r o p o s a ls fo r h old in g it on M ay 24 (E m ­
p ire D ay) and M ay 28 (th e actu al d ate of ,
crossin g ) were defeated.
i
I t w as agreed th at a perm anent p a v ilion
be erected a t M ou nt Y ork , if funds p erm it.
The question o f erecting statues a t v a rious
con sp icu ous sp ots a t M ount Y o rk w as
left fo r futftre con sid era tion .
M r. H ow ell u ndertook , on behalf o f the
trustees o f M ount Y o rk reserve, to see that
the obelisk was re-painted, the letterin g recon
stru cted , and decorated on the day of
celeb ra tion . I t w as also resolved t o ask
the K a to o m b a C ouncil to d ecora te the
1m arked tree.
A m o tio n was carried th a t a su itable inj
expensive m em orial be erected a t M ount
B laxland. i
i T he erection o f a tem p ora rv p la tform for
|the o ra to r s of the dav (M essrs. H olm an
[and De&kin were su g gested) w a s left fo r the
execu tiv e to deal w ith, as w as a lso the
p rovisio n o f stan ds fo r bands and1 ch oirs,
a lso ca terin g a ccom m od a tion , etc., fo r the
(visitors.
! Thff p rop osed a lte ra tio n o f the roa d s g o ­
ing to M ount Y ork , the clea rin g aw ay o f
, trees o b s tru ctin g the view s a lon g the
roa d s, and the preparation o f sufficient
grou n d a t M ou nt Y ork to m eet all needs—
all these th in gs were left in the hands of
the executive.
The recom m en dations o f M r. 0 . 11. C asw
ell, C .E ., fo r the im provem ent o f the
reserve and its p repara tion fo r celebration
d ay, were referred to the executive. A p p lica
tio n is to be m ade, b y th e executive, to
the m ilita ry departm ent, fo r a b ou t 100
ten ts and a cou p le of m arquees.
T h e execu tive will a lso m ake arrangem
ents, if p ossib le, for a m ilita ry and n a v a l i
disp lay, and fo r detachm ents o f b o y scou ts
and sen ior cadets to be in vited .
A s t o the scop e o f the in v ita tio n s, a m o­
tio n w as ca rried th a t th e execu tive take
the m a tter in h an d and rep ort t o the com - •
m ittee at a la te r date^^_
M r. L a w s ’ offer t o con vene a m eetin g ot
s ch o o l teachers t o discuss th e q u estion of
h a v in g s ch o o l ch o irs a t M ou n t Y o r k on ]
ce leb ra tion day w e s a ccep ted. M r. L a w s
w ill r e p o r t the resu lt o f the m eetin g t o th e i
com m ittee. !
The execu tiv e w ill deal w ith the p r o p o s a l )
th at a ssista n ce be sou g h t fro i'll a ll m ou n - ;
ta in ‘ow ners o f veh icles o f every d escrip - ’
tion .
T he p r o p o sa l th a t n ig h t en tertainm ents ‘
be held in th ose m ou n ta in centres w hich
had su ita b le h alls w as referred t o th e ex- i
ecu tive. ,
T h e v a rio u s lo c a l a u th o ritie s w ill b e cojnm
lunicated w ith regarding, th e p r o p o sa l th a t
a line o f bonfires b e ligh ted on p rom in en t
peaks from P a rra m a tta t o O range on celeb
ra tio n n ight. *
it w as resolved th a t a p p lica tio n b e invited
b y a d vertisem en t in v a rio u s papers
t(fT th e p o s itio n o f o rg a n is in g secretary —
each a p p lica n t t o s ta te his ow n t e r m s .
•It w as u n a n im ou sly agreed th a t th e S ta te
G overnm ent be a p p roa ch ed fo r a g ra n t of
£ 1 0 0 0 ; th e tim e and oth er d eta ils o f such
d e p u ta tion
tive.
t o be arran ged b y th e execu­
T h e execu tiv e w ill a lso deal w ith th e p r o ­
p osa l th a t each cen tre be asked t o organ ise
at least one en tertain m en t in aid o f the i,
celeb ra tion s. . ________ -.JP
A register o f a ccom m od a tion on th e '
m ou n tain s w ill be com p iled 1)v the o rg a n ising
secretary', when appoin ted .
The fo llo w in g m a tters were left fo r the
execu tive: C o -op era tion o f clergym en the
preM ous S u nday t o be requested: co -o p e ra -
tion o f E d u ca tion D epartm en t and teach?rs
to be a lso sou g h t in g iv in g lessons on
early e x p lo ra tio n ; flags t o be asked for
d e cora tion o f M ou n t V ic to r ia sta tio n and
streets, th rou ch w hich p rocession w ill pass
a lso fo r M t. \ o r k ; residen ts generally t o be
asked t o d ecora te th eir o w n prem ises
th rou g h ou t the m ou n tain s; R a ilw a y C om ­
m ission ers t o be d ep u tation ised reV arding
special train s and cheap ra tes, a lso re deco
ra tin g engines on celebration d av. In
wj tI3, tl,le last nam ed suggestion ,
the M a yor o f B a th u rst (A id . R ig b v ) said
* at a certain w ell-know n gentlem an ta lk -
he S a Pr Lze' an

IS [blank]

i
i ins: th e com m ittee or in carrying o u t the
[resolutions o f the com m ittee, b u t n o t t o
have the righ t t o v o te a t executive m eetin
g s .
I T his dealt w ith the w hole o f the p ropos-
I als draw n up b y the executive.
O T H E R M A T T E R S .
A t the m eeting on S a tu rd ay M r. F ran k
! W alker, president o f the com m ittee, occu ­
pied the chair, and the fo llo w in g representa
tiv e s were present:—M r. H . G . R ien its
(treasurer o f th e com m ittee), Cr. J . W.
B ergh ofer (vice-presiden t), Alderm en L indeman
and C. L . Dash (K a to o m b a C ou n cil),
M r. L a w s (B lackheath P rogress A ssocia ­
tio n ), M r. L . H . H ow ell (M ount Y ork tru s­
tees), M essrs. P . M ulheran and T. H . B urrell
(W entw orth F alls P .A .), M r. R . B.
P aterson (L eu ra P rogress A ssocia tio n ),
M r. L . S . B ra d ford (L aw son T ou rist A s­
s o c ia tio n ), M r. P . M athew s (M t. V ic to r ia
P .A .), A id. C ollier (Blue M ountains S h ire
C ou n cil), C apt. H udson (K a to o m b a S ch o o l
o f A r ts ), A id . R ig b y (M a yor o f B a th u rst),
Mr. J o b Cum m ens (H a rtley V alley P .A .),
M essrs. PI. O . J oh n ston , J . C obby, and J .
Cliff (M edlow B a th P .A .), M r. W. C. P lu m -
er (M t. V ic to r ia P .A .), A id . Davies (M ayor
of K a to o m b a ), Mr. N. D elaney (B lack ­
heath P .A .), M r. G eorge P h illip s (B la ck ­
heath P .A .), M r. J o h n M cC all (L ith g ow
P A .), Dr. K irk lan d and M r. J . H enderson
(L ith g o w C aledonian S o c ie ty ), M r. .Tas.
P a d ley (L ith g o w P rogress A s s o c ia tio n ),!
M r. J . R yan (vice-p resid en t), Mr. A . E .
P ark er (M ount V icto ria P .A .), M r. Sam .
W ilson (k on . secreta ry ), M r. J o h n N eate
(B lackheath S ch o o l of A r ts ). A p ologies
were received fro m Cr. W aterhouse and the
H a rtley representatives.
T h e president extended a h earty w elcom e
to the delegates. A lready a g o o d deal of
enthusiasm h ad been im parted in to the
m ovem ent, and everyth ing in d ica ted a g r e a t
success fo r the celebration .
C orresp onden ce was received from variou s
quarters, n o tify in g the a ppointm en t o f delegates,
e tc . T he “ D aily T elegraph ” C o. I
w ro te th a t th ey regretted they cou ld n o t
see th eir w a y t o open, a fund through the
colum ns of the paper in aid of th e celeb
ra tio n s , but en closed a cheque fo r five |
guineas to w a rd s the o b ject.
A lo n g letter was read fr o m a com poser. '
ih S yd ney, offering his services in 1con ­
du ctin g a ch o ir o f sch ool children o n cele- ;
b ra tio n day. T h e letter w as received, and j
referred to th e executive.
A letter w as read from a leading p icture
film s com pany in Sydney, offering to
take a m ov in g picture record o f th e p r o ­
ceedings, e tc ., and desired to secure the
so le righ ts.
Cr. B ergh ofer said he had received t h e 1
letter, and had w ritten in reply ask ing the
com p any t o maJre a delinite offer as t o f
w h a t they were prepared to p ay for the
(privilege. T o th a t he had received n o reply.
A fter oth ers had discus:;od the m at-
j
j ter, it was agreed to lea ve it in th e ’
hands o f th e execu tiv e.
A n oth er otter w as t o issue an h isto rica l
b roch u re, w hich w ou ld c o s t a t le a st ,£1000
w ould com p rise 5 0 0 pages, and h ave 3 0 0
illu stra tio n s. JLiie ollieiai p a tro n a g e o f tne
com m ittee wras asked,, a lso a rticles and
oth er m a tte r th a t m igh t be required L e ft
w ith the execu tive.
M r. L a w s p roposed M r. ltedfern, o f M t. ,
V icto ria , as the second jo in t non. secret- [
a ry w ith M r. W ilson. S econ d ed by Cr. C o l­
lier, and carried.
M r. H . G . R ien its, treasu rer, sta te d th a t
the su b scrip tion s s o fa r am ounted t o £ ? 2 .
w hich w as in th e G overn m en t S a v in g s
an(* there
£ 2 0 in prom ises.
w as a lso an a m ou n t oi
I The^ ch airm an sa id M r. J o y n to n S m ith ,
M .L .C ., o f K a to o m b a , w as very sy m p a ­
th etic to w a rd s the m ov em en t, and w ould
j com e d o w n h an d som ely in th e m atter o f a
d o n a tio n la ter on . H e (th e ch a ir m an ) sug-
|gested th a t a circu la r m ig h t be issued to
p rom in ent men, descendants o f the e x p lo r­
ers, and oth ers, ask ing fo r financial assistan
ce, and read o u t a d ra ft of th e p r o -
j posed, circu la r. 4
j M r. R y a n m ov ed th a t 1 0 0 0 circu lars be
[ap p rov ed fo r p r in tin g and d istrib u tion .
S econ ded by M r. B u rrill and carried .
I t w as resolv ed , o n th e .m otion of M essrs.
R u rrill and M athew s, th a t cop ies of the
son g s m entioned b y M r. M cC orm ick be
purchased.
T he ch airm an sa id he h ad delivered a
lectu re a t Law son on th e p reviou s n ig h t t o
a crow d ed audience, and h ad im pressed on
his hearers the im p orta n ce o f the com in g
celeb ra tion s. H e offered t o d eliv er addresses
a t L ith g o w and B a th u rst in a id of
he fund, and sa id he h a d o v er 1 5 0 0
lides illu stra tin g th e lecture.
A le tte r fro m th e O range C ou n cil sta te d
th a t the d e le g a te h a d rep orted th a t he
w as the on ly d eleg a te w est o f the M oun- I
ta in s present a t th e M t. V ic t o r ia m eet- i
ing, and fo r th a t reason the O range C oun :
cil h ad decided t o w ith d raw from repre- I
sen ta tion . In view' o f the statem en t in a.
d a ily p a p er g iv in g an e n tirely different
reason fo r w ith d raw a l, it w'as resolv e d ,
th a t the ch airm an w rite p r iv a te ly t o th e ;
M a yor o f O range o n th e m a tter, and pioint ;
o u t the n a tio n a l sign ifican ce o f th e m o v e ­
m ent.
A t th is sta g e the d eleg a tes adjou rn ed fo r
tea, and resum ed a t 7 p .m ., when, in an
address exten d in g o v e r h alf an h ou r, M r.
R yan ou tlin ed th e p r o p o sa ls of the ex- :
ecu tive fo r the ce le b ra tio n . lie estim a ted
that the c o s t o f th e celeb ra tion w ou ld be
kit the lea st £ 1 5 0 0 to £ 1 6 0 0 . On th e
m o tio n o f M essrs. Dash and I jaw s the rep
ort was received.
T h e fo llo w in g gentlem en w ere added to
the ex ecu tiv e : T h e U n d e r s e c r e ta r y fo r
1- d u ca tio n and the Chief In sp ector. The ,
Iflori. J o v n to n Stniifch and M r. M ark F o y

7 2.
vere adicled. t o the com m ittee.
IM r. P a d ley suggested a ride niatch for
ill places fr o m O range to . S t. M arys. T his
vaa left w ith the executive.
The president suggested th a t a mom her- ■
ship m igh t be obta in ed as a means
o f p op u la risin g the m ovem ent and ra ising
m oney. M em bers thought it a g o o d
p roposa l, and the chairm an, M essrs. R im - ’
its and I>ash were appoin ted a Com m ittee :
to g o in to the m a tte r and rep ort to n ext }
meeting.
i The next m eeting o f the executive w as I
Ifixed fo r L aw son in a fo rtn ig h t's tim e. I
and the n ext m eeting o f the com m ittee w ill
be held, a m on th hwiee at W en tw orth F a lls.
A h sarty v o te o f thanks w as accorded
the M a vor o f K a to o m b a fo r th e us? of the
Council Cham bers. A id. Biavies responded, 1
nr»d said the K a to o m b a C ouncil w ould help
jthe m ovem ent in a^-v w av nossible.
A h eartv v o t e of thanks t o the chairm
an con cluded the proceedings a ’-ou t 9 .1 5 .
l
i
AFTER A
HUNDREB VtfiKS.
--------- *•----------
CROSSING THE MOUNTAINS.
____
CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS IN VIEW.
E arly In May, next year, the Blue M ountains,
at a spot somewhere between Blaxland
and Mount York, w ill undergo a rem arkable
j transform ation, and fo r a whole w eek a vast
;l| enclosure will m erge into a veritable Coney
Island, where everything will be entirely
Australian. A nd all this is to perpetuate the
m em ory o f three great explirers—the three
Australians who were first to cross the p icturesque
ranges, and incidentally the prime
. m overs in the opening up o f the great coun-
, try behind them, Lawson, Blaxland, and
W entw orth.
r W hat is npw wild bush, for 168 hours will
j fairly hum w ith am usem ents—theatres, balls,
1 picture-show s, buckjum ping, and cattle- I
j throw ing contests, boom erang hurling com - !
/ petition, Australian native corroborees, picnic •
excursions, m otor trips, and a host o f other i
0 public enjoym ents.
The new ly-form ed. "T he Crossing o f the
1 Blue M ountains Celebration Com m ittee,” o f
w hich Captain Cecil W alter Lam b (form erly
o f the R oyal Australian Garrison A rtillery)
is organising- secretary, proposes to do all
J this and more. The officials o f the connnit-
1 tee are all energetic people, and the president,
-Mr. Frank W alker, i3 Flso the president
o f the Australian H istorical Society.
] H e 'h a s had large experience in w ork o f the
sort, and lo r years has organised for various
| societies.. ___ _____ U
j
Captaiu Lam b, the organising secretarv, I
has had a, strenuous career. Soon a fter his '
retirem ent from the R oyal A rtillery he raised
£1300 fo r Lho Sydney H ospital Centenary
Fund. H o jo in e d the service on June 21,
JS90. a n d for fourteen years did excellent
work. H e was under fire in the Boer W ar.
and was m entioned in all the despatches for
his m arked adm inistrative ability. H is retirem
ent w as due to a tem porary breakdow n
in health consequent on injuries received in
engagem ents in South A frica. H e becam e
enrolling officer o f the M illions Club.
The com m ittee purposes asking the public
to put its hands in to its pockets and sub- '
I scribe to a schem e which prom ises to re- j
j pay handsom ely. The G overnm ent is to be !
approached regarding a pound for pound :
! subsidy, and the, m iltary and naval authori-
! ties will no doubt assist with bands and
i tents.
"It will be a regular B clhi D urbar,” said
Captain Lam b this m orning. “ It will bo
j m ade historical, instructional, educational,
attractive, and am using. W e w ant to per- 1
petuate the m em ory o f those three gallant
m en—Law son. B laxland, and W en tw orth. It
w ill be a British Em pire affair, and one in ,
which Blue M ountain residents will join in |
with all. A th in g o f the sort has been j
m ooted b y the B lue M ountain foil; fo r a
long time past. T hey are already w orking
j hard in the right direction.”
The first public m eeting will be held in
the Sydney T ow n H all on O ctober 21, when
the L ord M ayor is to be asked to take the
chair.
! |
f
CROSSING THE MOUNTAINS.
MEETING OF CENTENABY
• 12 COMMITTEE.
0 * 3 r ________________
At the Invitation of the president of the Blue
Mountain Shire ihe members of the executive
committee of the Crossing of the Blue Mountains
Centenary Committee, met in the Shire
Chambers, Lawson, on Saturday night.
The president, Mr. Frank Walker, occupied
the chair, and was supported by Messrs. Ryan,
Waterhouse, Cormack (Tourist Bureau), A. W.
Collett (Mayor of Parramatta), and others.
The hon. secretary, Mr. A. S. Redfern, having
read the inward correspondence, and several
matters of detail having been discussed,
the question pf approaching the Government
for financial assistance was dealt with.
Mr. Ryan pointed out that as the estimates
for the coming financial year would soon be in
course of preparation, it behoved them to approach
the Government without delay, otherwise!
they might be informed that as no provision
had been made thereon, the matter
would have to stand over to the following
vear. He. therefore, suggested the formation
of a Sydney committee, whose function would
not consist in formulating the programme, but

8 23
who would co-operate with the present executive,
both in asking the Government lor
assistance, and arranging for the presence on
the day of celebration o f representatives of
the naval and m ilitary forces, the Senior
Cadets, etc.
It was therefore decided to appoint the following
gentlemen (subject to their assent
being obtained) members of such committee:—
The Premier, the Chief Commissioner for
Railways, the Under-Secretary and Chief Inspector
of the Department of Public Instruction.
Colonel W allack, Admiral King-Hall,
the Lord Mayor of Sydney, the Mayors of all
suburban municipalities, the presidents of the
Chambers of Commerce and Manufactures, and
of the Labor Council, the Sydney daily paper
representatives, the Colonial Architect, the
Tourist Bureau, Messrs. J. Cook, Carr, and
Cann, Ms.P., and Brinsley Hall, Miller, and
Dooley, Ms.L.A., the chairman o f the Stock
Exchanges, Messrs. T. Hitchman, Varley,
Southwell. Colonel Lassetter, and the presidents
and cha4rmen of the Commercial Travellers’
Association, Automobile, and Pioneer
Clubs, and the Institute of Architects.
The question of the appointment o f an organising
secretary was left in the hands of a
small sub-committee to interview the applicants
and to report thereon.
BLUE MOUNTAINS CENTENARY.
GOVERNMENT AID SOUGHT.
A meeting of the committee that is making
arrangements for commemorating the
centenary of the first crossing of the Blua
Mountains, which occurs next year, was h eli
at the Town Hall yesterday, Mr. Frank W alker
presiding.
The chairman expressed gratification at ths
prospect of securing a grant from the Federal
Government towards the celebrations. He
thought that they should ascertain as early
as possible the extent to which the State
Government was prepared to assist.
On the motion of Mr. F. A. Artlett (Mayor
of Glebe), it was decided that a deputation
iwait on the Premier, the' arrangements to be
'left in the hands of the president.
The Crossing of the Bine Mountains.
M E E T IN G O F T H E B O A R D O F
C O N T R O L .
A m e e tin g o f th e B o a rd o f C on tro l o f
th e a b o v e C e le b ra tio n s w as h eld in th e
S ch o o l o f A rts, .W e n tw o rth F a lls, o n Satu
rd a y n ig h t last. P resen t— M r F ra n k
W a lk e r , in th e c h a ir , su p p orted b y M es- ,
srs S. W ilso n a n d A . S. R e d fe r n (Join t
hon S e c s .), R e in its (h o n . T r e a s ), J. R y a n ,;
N. B a ssett, T. B u r r ill, A . L a w es, R . M u l- j
h eran, J. P lu m m e r, J. C liff, C. H . L in d e -
m an , J . H . B lo o m e , J. S in cla ir, J. P a a d -
ley, J. T . W a ll, P a rram a tta C o u n cil, I
C ob b , P . M atth ew s and L . S om ers B ra d - j
fo rd .
T h e P resid en t, o n risin g , b rie fly in ­
trod u ce d C aptain C ecil L a m b , th e p r o s ­
p e c tiv e O rg a n isin g S e creta ry , and, in so
d o in g , and in e u lo g is in g th e g a lla n t C aptain
, v en tu red to exp ress th e h o p e th a t
w ith C aptain L a m b a t th e h elm , su ccess
w as assu red .
T h e m in u tes o f th e p rev io u s m eetin g
h a v in g b een d e a lt w ith , th e P re sid e n t
read a c ircu la r, w h ich h e h a d sent o u t
to m any o f th e p r o sp e ctiv e m em b ers o f
th e S yd n ey C om m ittee. T o th is h e sta t­
ed th a t a lre a d y h e h ad re ceiv ed o v e r
fo r ty re p lie s fr o m g e n tle m e n w h o all e x ­
p ressed th e ir m o s t c o r d ia l sy m p a th y and
a ssu ra n ce o f h e a rty co -o p e ra tio n .
In w a rd c o r r e s p o n d e n c e w as n ext d e a lt
w ith , a n d in clu d e d letters fr o m —
T h e T o w n C le rk , K a to o m b a , s t a t ic s th a
his C o u n cil in te n d e d d e c o ra tin g th e “ M ark
ed T r e e ” o n th e d a y o f ce le b ra tio n .
F r o m M r G. J. W a te rh o u s e , re sig n in g
his p o sitio n as V ice P resid e n t on th e
sco re o f ill-h e a lth , and d o n a tin g a h a n d ­
som e su b scrip tio n .
F rom M r R . B. P a te rso n and o th e rs,
a p o lo g isin g fo r n on -a tte n d a n ce .
P r io r to th e te a a d jo u rn m e n t, M r J.
R yan rea d th r o u g h a d r a ft co n stitu tio n
and ru le s, w h ich h e p ropose d . In so
d o in g , h e th o u g h t th a t w h ilst m e m b e rs
w ere ch e w in g th e p h y sica l cu d th y m ig h t
at th e sa m e tim e ch ew t h e 'c u d o f r e fle c ­
tio n th ereon !
A n a d jo u rn m e n t w as th en m a d e to th e
R o sly n tea room s, w h e r e a m ost e x ce lle n t
rep ast h ad been p rovid e d .
T h e in n e r m an h a v in g b een th u s stim ­
u la ted , b u sin ess w as resu m ed s h o rtly a f­
ter sev en o ’c lo c k .
T h e P resid e n t, .a fte r re co u n tin g th e delib
e ra tio n s o f thd s u b -co m m itte e a p p o in t­
ed to d ea l w ith th e a p p lica tio n s f o r th e

2 . 4 [ b U ^ ) < J

post o f O rgan isin g S ecretary, stated th ey
w ere u n anim ou s in th eir decision, and
recom m en d ed th e appoin tm en t o f Captain
C ecil L am b.
M r L aw es, on, b eh a lf o f his fe llo w -co m -
m ittee m en, stated th at Captain L am b
w as head and sh ou ld ers a b o v e th e oth er
a p p licants, and was, in his opin ion , th e
best m an fo r th e p osition .
C aptain L a m b , at the requ est o f the
P resid en t, then read extra cts from a len ­
gth y rep o rt w h ich he had draw n up as to
h ow th e a ffa ir shou ld b e con du cted .
On th e term in a tion o f his address, several
question s w ere p u t to him , all o f
w hich w ere sa tisfa ctorily answ ered.
T h e P resid en t then requ ested him to
w ith d raw , and th e m atter o f his a p p oin t­
m en t w as debated.
F in a lly , it w as m ov ed , secon d ed and
ca rried , th at th e m eetin g approves o f th e
a p p oin tm en t o f C aptain L am b as O rgan ­
isin g S ecreta ry, su b je ct to a satisfagtory
a greem en t b e in g draw n up and sign ed by
both p arties, th e P resid en t to sign on beh
a lf o f th e C om m ittee. T h e sca le o f
rem u n eration w as fix ed a t £3 per w eek,
com m ission on a ten per cen t basis o n ail i
m on ies ob ta in ed by his in d ivid u a l e ffo r ts )
and certa in expenses.
C aptain L a m b h aving retu rn ed thanks,
it w as d ecid ed th a t a fo rm a l d ep utation
sh ou ld w ait on the G overn m en t and try
to ob ta in a p o u n d £pr p ou n d subsidy, and
a lso th a t a m eetin g sh ou ld sh ortly be
h eld in S yd ney u n d er th e ch airm an sh ip
o f the L o r d M ayor.
T h e p rop o sed C on stitu tion and R u les
w ere th en read as fo llo w s :—
( 1 .) T h e o b je c t o f th e con stitu tion is
t o d ev ise m eans fo r e ffe ctu a lly ce l­
e b ra tin g th e cen ten ary o f th e first
cro ssin g o f th e B lu e M ountains by
B la xla n d , W en tw orth and L aw son
in 1813.
( 2 .) T h e w h o le o f th e arran gem en ts to
secu re th is end shall b e co n tr o lle
d b y th e C om m ittee o f C on trol,
co m p o se d o f 3 rep resen ta tives from
each C ou n cil, P rogress A ssocia tion
o r o th er p u b lic o r sem i-p u b lic bod y
p a rticip a tin g in th e m ov em en t. B ut
this com m ittee sh a ll h a v e p ow er
to add to its n u m ber any person
w h o se co -o p e ra tio n m ay be deem ­
ed o f va lu e.
, ( 3 .) T h e C om m ittee o f C on trol shall,
u nless o th erw ise d eterm in ed , m eet
a t least o n c e in each m on th at
such p la ces and o n such dates as
m ay b e a g reed upon.
( 4 .) A n ex ecu tiv e to deal w ith in terim
o r u rg en t b u sin ess shall con sist
o f th e P resid ent, th ree V ice P residen
ts, th e tw o h on . S ecreta ries;
a nd th e h on . T reasu rer. T h e exe
cu tiv e m a y a t any tim e, if its
m em b ers d eem it n ecessa ry , sum ­
m on a sp ecia l m e e tin g o f the. C om ­
m ittee o f C on trol.
( 5 .) S u b -com m ittees m ay be a p p oin ted
to d ea l w ith th e fo llo w in g m atte
r s: ( a ) , fin a n ce ; ( b ) , s ch o o l
d isp la y s; ( c ) , g en era l d isp la y s ;
( d ) , w o r k s and im p ro v e m e n ts; ( e ) ,
m isc e lla n e o u s a rra n g em en ts f o r Cel
e b ra tio n D a y ; ( f ) , o rg a n isin g w ork
in th e m e tro p o lis; ( g ) , p u b licity ;
( h ) , a n d a n y o th e r sp ecia l fu n c­
tio n s as m a y b e d eterm in ed by th e '
C o m m itte e o f C on trol. E a ch su b­
c o m m itte e sh a ll w o rk on th e genera
l lin e s o f th e p rogra m m e a d o p t­
ed , a n d w ill b e exp ected to rep ort
m o n th ly to th e C om m ittee o f C on ­
trol. M em bers o f the ex ecu tiv e
m a y a ct e x -o ffic io as m em b ers o f
a ll su b -com m ittees.
( 6 .) A ll e x p e n d itu re sh a ll b e sa n ction ­
ed , a n d a c-^ u n ts p assed by th e
C om m ittee C C o n tro l, b u t th e hon.
Sec. a n d h on . T reas. m ay to g e th ­
e r a u th o r ise p a y m en t o f petty
cash ite m s o r u rg e n t a cco u n ts incu
rre d in ca rry in g o u t th e a d o p t­
e d p rogra m m e.
( 7 .) T w e lv e m em b ers shall co n sist a
q u o ru m a t m eetin g s o f th e C om ­
m ittee o f C on tro l. T h e q u oru m
at m e e tin g s o f each su b -com m ittee
sh a ll b e th ree.
( 8 .) T h e d e ta il w o rk o f the O rg a n isin g
S ecreta ry sh a ll be d irecte d b y the
ex6cu tive.
( 9 .) A d d itio n a l ru les a n d am en d m en ts
o f th e fo r e g o in g m ay b e a d op ted
a t any m e e tin g o f th e C om m ittee
o f C on tro l w ith o u t p revio u s n o tice .
M r L a w es, in sp ea k in g to th e m to io n ,
w as fe a r fu l o f d ou b le -b a n k in g .
M r B ra d fo rd th o u g h t n o tic e o f m otion
sh o u ld b e g iv en , in asm u ch as a la r g e n um ­
b e r o f co m m itte e m e n w e re absent. In
a d d itio n , a m o tio n rescin d in g th e o r ig in ­
al m o tio n p assed a t M t. V ic to r ia , c o n stitu
tin g th e p r e se n t e x ecu tiv e, w o u ld h iv e
to b e passed.
M r R yan a g re e d to th is, and n o tic e w as
g iv en a cco rd in g ly .
T h is c o n clu d e d th e busin ess.

10 27
a n h i s t o r i c s p o t .
MOUNT BLAXLAND LOCATED.
The disputed point as to the exact location
of Mount Blaxland was definitely settled on
Monday last, when a *arty, representing the
Blue Mountains Centenary Celebration Committee,
including Mr. Frank Walker (president)
and Mr. J. W. Berghoter (vice-president),
visited the locality where the mountain
was supposed to be, and with the help
of some valuable maps, brought by Mr. Caswell,
of Lithgow, the matter was settled.
The mountain is that isolated peak, in the
form of a sugarloaf, which towers up above
the Cox River, and is uistant about eight
miles in a south-westerly direction from the
village of Hartley. On the opposite side of
the stream are two other peaks (locally
known as "The Brothers” ), which are, undoubtedly,
the two named after the other explorers,
Wentworth and Lawson. The party
climbed the almost perpendicular sides of the
first-named peak, which rises to a height of
about 1800 or 2000 feet above the stream,
and having gained the summit were rewarded
by one of the most magnificent views it is
possible to conceive. Here, Blaxland and
his heroic companions stood, and, taking a
final farewell of the rolling country to the
westward, slowly and painfully retraced their
steps to the settlement.
The p.-esident, in a short address, proposed
a toast to the memory of the gallant explorers,
which was duly honoured, and Mr. Berghofer
also added a few remarks. It was decided
to prepare a brass inscription-plate, to
be affixed to a large rock at the summit,
bearing the following words:—
“ This mountain, which marks the terminal
point of Blaxland, Wentworth, and
Lawson’s expedition across vhe Blue
Mountains, was reached on May 31, 1813,
and was named Mount Blaxland, in honour
o f the explorer, by Governor Maci
quarie. Erected by the Blue -Jountains
j Centenary Committee, May 31, ~913.”
It Is intended also to erect a cairn of
stones, with a flagpole in the centre, sufficiently
large, to be visible for miles around.
The party descended the mountain, and, after
arranging for the fixing in position of another
platte on the stump of a tree which formerly
bore the initials of the explorers, bill
was unfortunately destroyed some years ago,
the return journey was commenced, most oi
which lay over the old Bathurst-road, con-
' strutted by William Cox in 1814.
CROSSING OF MOUNTAINS
CENTENARY.
A TBIP TO MOUNT BLAXLAND.
The president, Mr. Prank Walker, accom ­
panied 'by Mr. J. W . Berghofer (vice-pre.si- 1
dent), and Messrs. Badley and Cresswell, from ■
Lithgow, and a number of local residents, paid '
a special visit to Mount Blaxland on Monday '
in connection with the forthcoming centenary.
This cone-shaped mountain, which is about
1600ft high, is distant about six miles from
Hartley. It rises, abruptly from the banks of
the Oox River, and was the terminal point of
Blaxland’s expedition in 1813. Its northern
face is inaccessible to anything without wings,
Irat on the southern side the ascent is more
gradual, becoming steeper as the summit la
neared. Up this historic landmark the party
chambered, and at last reacted its apex, breath
less, but triumphant. The view from this
elevation is beyond description.
W herever ithe eye turned It rested on mountainous
country, range 'beyond range; while the
familiar peaks, such as Mount Walker, Mount
York, Mount Victoria, The Brothers, Mouut
Binda, etc., were easily and quickly identified.
Upon this elevated platform, Blaxland and his
heroic companions took their final glance at
the rolling country westward, ere retracing
th'eir painful steps the way they had come.
T o commemorate ithese pioneers, and the
story o f their achievement, it was decided to
have a brass plate prepared, bearing the fo l­
lowing inscription:—
This mountain marks the terminal point ot
(Blaxland, WentwoTth, and Lawson’s expedition
across the Blue Mountains, May 31,
1813, and was named Mount Blaxland b y
Governor Macquarie. Ereated by the Blue
Mountain Centenary Committee, May 31,
W 3 . "
This will be securely fastened to the rock,
and serve Jor all time to record the fact as
stated aboive.
The president t!Hen addressed a few remarks
to the company, commemorative of the visit
to this historlo spat, and proposed a toast lo
the memory of the explorers, which was honored
in the usual way.
Mr. Bsrghofer expressed the great pleasure
and satisfaction he felt ait being present on
such a memorable occasion.
TKe party was then photographed, and tbe
descent of the mountain was accomplished in
safety.
After arranging for a suitable inscription tJ
be affixed to the stump of a large tree, whi :-h
was originally marked by Blaxland, but which
had been unfortunately cut down and d estroy^ ,
the party separated, well pleased with the day's
outing.
____

1 1
BLUE MOUNTAINS CENTtNAKY.
T R IP T O M O U N T B L A X L A N D .
The president o f the Australian H istorical
Society, Mr. F rank W alker, accom panied by
Mr. J. W . Berghofer (vice-president), and
Messrs. Padley and Cresswell, from Lithgow,
and a num ber o f local residents, paid a
special visit to Mount Blaxland yesterday in
connection w ith the forthcom ing centenary.
This cone-shaped mountain, which is about
1600ft. high, .is distant about six miles from
H artley. It rises abaiptly from the banks
o f the Cox Kilter, and^vas the terminal point
o f Blaxland’ s expedition in 1813. Its northern
face is inaccessible to anything without
wings, but on the southern side the ascent is
more gradual, becom ing steeper as the sum ­
mit is neared. U p this historic landmark the
PWty clam bered, and at last reached its apex,
breathless but triumphant.
The >view from this elevation is beyond description.
W herever the eye turned it rested
on mountainous country, range beyond range,
whilst the farfiiliar peaks, such as Mount
W alker, Mount York, Mount Victoria, Mount
Binda, and The Brothers, were easily and
quickly identified. Upon this elevated platform
Blaxland and his heroic com panions
took their final glance at the rolling country
westward, ere retracing their painful steps
the w ay they had come.
To com m em orate these pioneers and the
story o f their achievement, it was decided to
have a brass plate prepared, bearing the fo l­
low ing inscription: “ This mountain marks
the term inal point of Blaxland, W entworth,
and L aw son’s expedition across the Blue
Mountains, M ay 31, 1813. and was named
M ount Blaxland by Governor M a c q u a r i e .
Erected by the Blue Mountain Centenary
Committee, M ay 31, 1913.” This will be securely
fastened to the rock, and it will serve
for all time to record the fact as stated before.
The president then addressed a few remarks
to the com pany, com m em orative of
the visit to the historic spot, and proposed
a toast to the mem ory of the explorers, which
was honored in the usual way. Mr. B erghofer
also offered some remarks, expressing
the great pleasure and satisfaction he felt at
being present on such a mem orable occasion.
The party was then photographed, and the
descent o f the mountain was accom plished in
, safety.
Arrangem ents were also made for a suitable
inscription to be affixed to the stump of
the tree which was originally marked by
Blaxland, but which som e iconoclast had
w ilfully cut down and removed.
y
r .< * -
V
MOUNT BLAXLAND.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,—There is nothing more definite than
;he date of the naming of Mount Blaxland.
[t was on November 26, 1813, and my father, .
3. W. Evans, was the man who named it, in j
honour of the man who first saw it. T h a t'
was some 17 months before Governor Macquarie
saw it.
In his letter in your paper of the 3rd' Inst
Mr. F. Walker, the president of the Historical
Society, states in reference to Evans’ Journal:
“ His journal, which is an accurate and
faithful record of his adventures, begins from
Blaxland’s furthest point, but makes no mention
of his (Evans’) having named the conical-shaped
m o u n .-n after Blaxland, yet in
Evans’ map, which is appended to the journal,
appears the name Mount Blaxland.”
Now, sir, this is diam etrically opposed to
facts, for the journal states “ I stopped this
evening (November 26, 1813), near the toot
of a very handsome mount, which I have
taken the liberty to call Mount Blaxland,
also two peaks rather north of it, and which
the rivulet separates,
Wentworth and Law-
son sugar loaves.”
Again, at the end of Evans’ report to
Governor Macquarie, is the follow ing: Extent
of survey—From Emu Island to Mount Blaxland,
553 miles* from Mount Blaxland to end
of my journey, 98& m iles; total, 154J miles.
(Signed) G. W . Evans.
My father named many mountains, rivers,
and plains before and after they were seen
by Governor Macquarie, and they still bear
the names.
I note with great satisfaction that Mr. F.
W alker acknowledges that my father, “ G. W.
Evans,” was the first man to accomplish the
complete passage of the mountains.
I am, etc.,
MARY LEMPRIERE TURPIN.
m6 t j x t b la x la js td .
TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,—Mrs. Turpin, in your issue of to-daJS
again takes me to task in respect to th«|
authority for the naming of Mount Blaxland*
"nil gives a quotation from her father’s jour^
nzil, under date November 26, 1813, in whictal
he states: “ . . . \ have taken the liberty;
to call (the mountain before mentioned) Moun*
U’ a.dand, also tvro peaks rather north of it,
ami which the rivulet separates, Wentworthi
slid Lawson's sugar loaves ” This certainlj;
seems conclusive, and as my copy of G. W<
iCvans’s journal begins with the date November
27, 1813, there is evidently a portion
missing- Be this as it may, I would lij#3 t*
ask Mi’s. Turpin, as additional authority foe*
Imy statement that Macquarie bestowed tha
name of Mount Blaxland, how the following!
jean be explained:—In the “ Sydney Gazette” oC
) December 15, 1815, an account is given nt
Governor Macquarie’s first expedition to the
Warrasamba River, which then goes on
~ describe Blaxland's share in this exp edition -

1 2
2C j
'■and how he (Blaxland) proposed to Macquarie*
a plan of crossing the mountains by follow-*
ing the ridge between the two rivers. Thiai
plan, as it turned out, was entirely successful,
and at the end of this account appears
an announcement in Blaxland’s own words:}
‘Mount York is the western summit of the
mountains; the vale Clwyd, the first valley ati
their foot, from which a mountain (afterwards
named Mount Blaxland by his Excellency
Governor Macquarie) is about eight miles,-
which terminated our journey.” This refer**
i ence, combined with the same statement int
- Macquarie’s general order, as detailed in my
previous letter and Evans’s journal, seems to
; point to some uncertainty as to who really;
bestowed the name upon the mountain. Tlyp)
generally accepted theory has been that Macquarie
was responsible fo r the name, an#
' 3 it is necessary, in view of the fixing in
position of the inscription plate on Mount
i Blaxland, to ensure accuracy on the point.
] pcssibly this correspondence may induce
others to shed some additional light on the
mystery, so that the matter may be settled
once and for all.
I am. etc., PRANK WALKER,
Nov. 5. President Aust. Historical Society.
MOUNT BLAXLAND.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,—I noticed in your issue of to-day, re
“ An Historic Spot,’’ that the disputed point
as to the exact position of Mount Blaxland
was definitely fixed on Monday last, when a
party representing the Blue Mountain centenary
celebration committee, including Mr.
Frank Walker, president, visited the locality
where the mountain was supposed to be. Now,
Sir, Mount Blaxland was first named by my
father, George William Evans, late Deputy
Surveyor-General of this colony. It was named
in honour of the leader of the first exploring
party, that being the farthest point
reached by that party; the date of such naming
was November 28. 1813. It was not named
by Governor Macquarie. The Lands Department
in Sydney agrees with this. It is a
great pity that the truth and the whole truth
should not be handed down to posterity. Blaxland,
Lawson, and Wentworth did noble work
in opening up tht; track, but they did not cross
the Blue Mountains. G. W. Evans did—right
over the watershed and on as far as Bathurst.
I am, etc.,
Oct. 30. MARY LEMPRIERE TCRPIN.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,— In Tuesday’s paper I noticed a sta tj- |
ment that Mount Blaxland had been rediscovered.
There must be some misapprehension I
in the matter, as Surveyor Evans, who named
Mount Blaxland, shows the position of the
■mount on his plan, which is dated 1813, and
it lias been recorded on Lands Department
maps ever since. It is, of course, on the
track of the old Bathurst-road, which road
has been frequently deviated since Governor
^iacquarie’s time, and hence it is not so well
known to travellers as it was in the eariy
days.
Mr. R. H. Cambage and I have fo r many
years undertaken the work of going over the
botanical tracks of Allan Cunningham, one of
my early predecessors, and Mount Blaxland
was visited by Cunningham in 1817, 1822, and
on many other occasions. We published notes
on Mount Blaxland in the “ Proceedings of the
Royal Society of New South Wales for 1909,’*
p. 123, with a locality map. On the occasion
of our trip to Mount Blaxland in 1904 we
recorded in our notebooks every plant we
could find on the summit, and amongst others
we found Eucalyptus pulvigera, a rare and
remarkable species only known from two or
three other localities, and a- specimen is growing
in the native plant border in the Botanic
Gardens, alongside Government House Grounds,
from seed we brought down on that occasion.
Mr. Cambage and I have walked over all the
old Bathurst roads and their deviations from
Emu Plains to Bathurst, and we have marvelled
how the old pioneers made their way.
Some day we hope that the Tourist Bureau, or
some other organisation, will personally conduct
parties over at least the old road from
Emu Plains to Bathurst that Governor Macquarie
used, and which probably very few
people in the State have ever traversed.
I am, etc., J. H. MAIDEN,
Botanic Gardens, Oct. 31. Director.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Sir,—I was extremely interested in the
two letters appearing in to-day's paper above
the names of Mrs. M. L. Turpin and Mr. J. H.
Maiden, in connection with the above subject.
and crave the courtesy cf a portion of
your space to reply thereto. It has never
been my intention in any way to seek to
belittle the exploits of our noble pioneers, of
whose work in the past Australia has every
reason to feel proud. George W illiam Evans
accomplished splendid work in the opening
up of the far westward country beyond Blaxiand's
farthest point, and in the coming celebrations
in connection with the centenary of
the first crossing of the Mountains he will be
accorded due recognition. But, placing sentiment
altogether on oqe side, it is absolutely
necessary that references to our past history
should be a3 nearly accurate as circumstances
will permit, and it is with this object that I
am csking your help. Now, as to the matter
of the naming of Mount Blaxland. A b the
m ajority of your readers aro aware, George
W illiam Evans. Deputy Surveyor-Geueral of
the then colony, was instructed by Governor
Macquarie to carry out explorations a? iar as
possible to the westward of Blaxlands
terminal point, and in November, 1813, he left
Sydney for the purpose. His Journal, which
is an accurr.te and faithful record of his
adventures, begins from Blaxland’s fui thest
point, but makes no mention of his (Evans)
having named the conical-shaped mountain
after Blaxland, yet in Evans’s map, which is
appended to the- journal, appears the same.
V.i %
m o u n t b l a x l a n d .

13
iiourit Blaxland. Now, on the other hand,
Governor Macquarie’s general order, dated
Sydney, June 10, 1815, which is a most important
and valuable document, describes in
detail the whole circumstances attending the
first crossing of the Mountains, although the
worthy Governor, whilst making mention of
Bass and Caley, entirely overlooks the several
expeditions undertaken by Dawes, Barallier,
and Hacking. The order then goes on
to describe the tour undertaken by Macquarie
anil party in April, 1815, when the road,
recently constructed under the supervision of
William Cox, was officially opened. All
tntough this document Macquarie gives minute
particulars of the various places upon which
lie bestowed names, such as Spriugwood,
Prince Regent’s Glen, Pitt’s Amphitheatre,
Vale of Clwyd, Mount York, Cox River, etc..
etc., until he comes to the neighbourhood of
Blaxland’s terminal point. The exact wording
then is as follow s:—“ . . . In commemoration
of their” (Blaxland, Wentworth,
and Lawson’s) “ merits, three beautiful high
hills, joining each other at the end of their
touT at this place, have received their names
in the following order, viz.:—Mount Blaxland,
Wentworth’s Sugar Loaf, and Lawson’s Sugar
Loaf. . . .” Your readers will notice, inter
alia, that here we have the best authority for
the order in which the names of the three
. explorers should be mentioned. It seems to
me tla t Governor Macquarie himself gave
these celebrated hills the names they will
bear for all time, as, taking the context of his
general order, it is a record of nomenclature,
,as well as a faithful description of tbo country
passed over, ad Macquarie’s little failing
in regard to names, more particularly where
his own name has been bestowed, is well
known. It is quite probable that wheL Evans
returned from his expedition and submitted
Ills journal and map to Macquarie the former
may have suggested the name to the Governor,
as it is down as such on Evans’s map,
but there is no written recOTd of this sue -
position, whilst, on the other hand, the official
document is unequivocal, and cannot bo put
aside. It is only fair to Evans, who, in the
shade of the limelight thrown upon L-axland,
Wentworth, and Lawson, has not received the
recognition to which he is entitled, that a
couple of lines should be added to the plate,
which it is intended to affix to a rock on the
summit of Mount Blaxland, stating that from
this point George William Evans continued
exploration westward, being the first man to
sccpmplish the complete passage of the
mountains. In regard to Mr. Maiden’s letter,
1 might say that one of the first things to
attract my attention on gaining the summit
i f Mount Blaxland was the peculiar species
of eucalyptus, of which Mr. Maiden gives the (
name (E. pulvigera), of w'hich the leaves j
possess a remarkably pungent odour when (
crushed in the hand. I am, etc.,
FRANK WALKER, ,
President Australian Historical Society.
Nov. 1.
‘'I/.
: 7 3 .
*
“ THE CONQUERED HILLS.”
BLUE MOUNTAIN CENTENARY.
A S S A U L T O N T H E W E S T E R N R A M P A R T S
T H E M E N W H O B L A Z E D T H E T R A IL .
(B y Fran k W alker, President of the A u s ­
tralian H istorical Society.)
(Special to the Sun.”)
1 __________
i
Behind them were the conquer'd hill*; they
faced
The vast green West, with glad, «tr»nge
beauty graced;
And every tone of every cave and tree
Was as a voice of splendid prophecy.
So sang H en ry K endall in his inspiring
poem, “ The Blue M ountain Pioneers,” and
w ithout doubt the “ voice o f splendid proph
ecy” was indeed heard when thfe joyfu l
news o f B laxland, W entw orth, and L a w ­
son's discovery circulated throughout the
in fan t settlem ent. R epsated attem pts to
scale that m ountain barrier w hich for upw
ards o f 25 years resisted every assault, had
alm ost brought about a feeling o f despair
am ongst the colonists, and the m ost op tim ­
istic o f them hardly dared to think that the
secret so carefu lly guarded for all those
years, would ever be w rested from those
frow nin g heights. But fam ine and starvation
reared their ugly crests am ongst the
com m unity, and it becam e absolutely necessary,
if the settlem ent w as to live, that new
territory should be won.
A nd so G regory B laxland, w ho had given
the subject m uch study; at last conceived
a plan of a tta ck which, if feasible in operation,
m ust succeed. A ssociated w ith him
w ere tw o near neighbors and friends, W illiam
Charles W en tw orth —then a youth o f 19
but destined in later years to shine forth
as a bright particular star in the firm am ent
o f colonial politics—and L ieutenant W iiliani
L aw son. M ay 11, 1813, w as the m om entous
date on w hich the expedition set out, and no
doubt m any a hearty prayer and wish from
a section o f the com m unity follow ed !t
that the quest would turn out a successful
one. To the m ajority o f the inhabitants it
would perhaps n ot appeal. The story of the
attem pted conquest o f the m ountains no
doubt was w ell known, and the patriotic end
eavor o f B laxlan d and his oom panions
would be set dow n as only one m ore attem pt
| that w as predestined to failure._______

1 4
G R E G O R Y B L A X L A N D .
D E P A R T U R E OF T H E E X P E D IT IO N .
N o flourish o f trumpets, no shouts and
hurrahs from any acclaim ing crow d accom ­
panied the little party as they turned to the
north and began their rem arkable journey.
The old m aps distinctly show B laxland’s
property on the banks o f South Creek, con ­
sisting only o f a few hundred acres, but no
rem ains o f the buildings that stood on the j
site are preserved to us. The route taken, |
prior to the ascent o f the first range, would j
be parallel to the river, and gradually clos- 1
ing in upon it as the ford was approached. !
The river was reached at 4 o’clock in the j
afternoon, so the actual start would have '
taken place late in the forenoon. Ejnu !
Island, where the old ford existed, has now
disappeared, but originally it occupied that
sem i-circular bend o f the river about one
mile north o f the railw ay bridge. A cJOse
Inspection o f the locality at the present? day
will reveal traces o f the old river course, now
silted up, and between this and the far bank
Of the present stream, where the Em u Gravel
Com pany is procuring its road material, is
about the place where Emu Island form erly
stood. On the island w a s a G overnm ent
stockyard, w ith the necessary buildings.
Instead o f attack ing the range in a direct
w esterly course a fter crossing the stream,
Blaxland and hi3 little com pany turned more
to the south-w est. This was evidently done
with a purpose, as the leader o f the expedition
in his prelim inary exam ination of the
locality had discovered what, to him,
seem ed a more practicable assent o f the first
range, and had a ccord ingly settled upon this
as the route to be follow ed. The direction
would take the party to where the new railw
ay deviation (w hich, singularly enougn.
; was used fo r the first time on M ay 11, the
actual anniversary o f the starting o f the
expedition), is m ade; but, o f course, B la x ­
land’s route' w as som e distance nearer the
river and on a parallel course.
In this connection it is interesting to not>>
that a year later, when W illiam Cox started
the construction o f the first road to Bathurst,
he deviated entirely from B laxland’s original
track, and attacked the range in a direct
w esterly course from the river. The remains
o f this old road, still in a good stats
o f preservation, are visible at the presenc
day at about a m ile and a half from the
existing road.
D IF F IC U L T IE S A N D D A N G E R S.
N ext m orning the real business o f the u n ­
dertaking began, and the explorers’ troubles
were not long in com ing. Deep gullies a n l
gloom y recesses confronted them on every
haad. .Thick brastrarood and ston y ground,
im peded their progress, and the aw fu l solitude
o f these regions depressed thejr spirits.
L urking savages dogged their footsteps night
and day, and m ore than one encounter with
venom ous reptiles is recorded. Still they
struggled on w ith splendid courage, nevfrr
for a m om ent losing-heart, and though som e­
tim es their daily progress was barely a cou p’.e
o f miles, they advanced slow ly, but surely,
tow ards their appointed goal.
F o r 21 days the unequal con test w ent on,
{ and at n ightfall, w hen they m ade their cam p
In the m idst o f som e gloom y, forest, or on the
brink o f som e trem endous precipice whose
dark and dism al depths contained they knew
not what, they closed their eyes iiv the sleep
that w as so m uch needed, never know ing
w hether they would open them again,
am ongst the ob jects that had grow n so dreadfully
fam iliar. W h a t m agnificent courage
w as theirs, and all with no hope o f m aterial
gain, but w ith the simple desire that the
com m unity at large m ight be benefited by
their exertions.
On M ay 28, exactly seventeen days after
their ascent o f the first range, the party
em erged upon the sum m it o f M ount Y ork, and
feasted their delighted eyes upon the vision
o f fresh grass, and pure water, w hich they
could distinctly see in the valley beneath'
them. W ith trem endous difficulty the precipice
was descended, and fo r the first time
; for m any days both men and horses revelled
in the good things which bountiful nature
provided. The m ountains were again
clim bed, and a cam p form ed near the western
edge o f the cliffs. N ext day the jou rn ey

15 35
l- I tU T fc -N A N T W IL L IA M L A W S O N .
was resumed, and three days later the weary
explorers stood at length upon the summit
of that rem arkable mountain, on the banks
o f the Cox River, afterw ards so appropriately
named M ount Blaxland by Surveyor George
W illiam Evans, tw o other conical peaks in
the vicinity being nam ed after Blaxland's
com panions.
A N E W W O RLD .
W hat were Blaxland's feelings as he stood
upon this vantage ground and allow ed his
eyes to roam over the rolling country to
|the westward, which, alas! he was destined
not to set foot upon. Truly, as a conqueror
he m ight regard himself, and the
thought would naturally arisen filling him
with a sense o f awe, that he and his com -
|panions were the first white men who, since
the Creation, were privileged to get this
|glim pse o f a new and wonderful world. If
the spirit o f prophecy imbued him at this
time, what a glorious opportunity was his
to project his vision into the years to com e
and try to foretell what changes a century
would behold. But history is silent on this
point, and Blaxland's thoughts on this m em ­
orable occasion can be naught else than conjecture.
The clothes o f the three men were torn to
rags by the thorny undergrowth which they
had struggled through for so many days, their
boots were alm ost in tatters from the rugged
and stony path they had traversed, and all
werei suffering from bodily ailm ents, brought
on b y exposure and insufficient food. Under
these cc-.ditions it were m adness to proceed
furthc -, and believing that they had
accom plished w hat they had desired to do,
the order was reluctantly given to retrace
their steps. N ot to B laxland was granted
the privilege o f first setting foot in the P romised
Land beyond the ranges. N ot to him
was given the honor o f conquering the full
extent o f m ountainous cou ntry; that w as reserved
fo r his successor, George W illiam
E vans, and B laxland could only look with
longing eyes upon the great heritage that
was so soon to be won. But he and his com -
par»*ms had “ blazed the trail.” They had
made possible the w ork o f those w ho a fterw
ards turned the discovery to practical account,
and to these men the honors that fall
to the pioneers belong.
A nother six days o f hardship and danger
ensued, rendered som ew hat easier now by
reason o f the fa ct that a pathw ay had been
I formed, and on the 6th June, the peaceful w a­
ters o f the Nepean, w inding like a silver ribbon
through the verdant landscape, once
m ore greeted their tired eyes. The joy fu l news
o f the safe return o f the party, and o f the
w onderful discoveries that had been made,
soon spread fa r and wide, and the general rejoicin
gs were m ingled w ith hearty thanksgivings,
that at last the ranges had been
crossed, and the daw n o f a new era had been
ushered in.
M E N W E SH O U LD D E L IG H T TO H ONOR.
In the light o f latter-day knowledge, we
can accurately gauge the far-reach in g e f­
fects that this m em orable exploit had upon
the destiny o f A ustralia. W e are indirectly
reaping the advan tages at the present day
o f B laxland, W entw orth, and L aw son ’s enterprise,
and every acre o f the lim itless west,
in the possession o f thousands o f A ustralia’s
sons, is a g ift at the hands o f these brave
men, w hom it should be our duty to honor.
This glorious cou ntry, with all its w ealth and
possibilities, w ith its m agnificent clim ate and
boundless resources, was fisrt m oulded fo r
our use by the sturdy and faith fu l pioneers
whose sterling w orth and in tegr'ty o f purpose,
and whose unselfish labors in the days
o f the “ long ago,” gave us the heritage that
is ours to-day. L et us see to it that we do
our part in com m em orating the lives and
w orks o f these great men in a w ay that shall
bring credit to ourselves and honor to the m e­
m ories o f those w ho “ blazed the trail.” Surely
it was o f such men as B laxland, W en t­
worth, and Law son, o f George W illiam Evans,
W illiam Cox. and m any others that W ill
O gilvie w as thinking when he w rote:—
They arc sleeping in the graveyards, in their silent graves
apart,
With empty arms and eager, that would hold them, to
their heart,
These statesmen of the buried years, these loyal men
long doad,
' Are they turning in their dreaming, to the dull tramp
overhead?
\Yher they pin the stars and garters, when they write
the titles rare,
|The men who earned the honors, are the men who won’t
be there. ___ __________ ... J ...............

j
16
A QUESTION OF
PRECEDENCE
EXPLORERS AND THEIR STATUS.
W IL L IA M C H A R L E S W E N T W O R T H .
“ W h o was the acknow ledged leader of the
Blue M ountain E xpedition o f 1813?” asks Mr.
Charles W illiam s. Our correspondent e'jes
on to sa y :—
“ One can usually tell from the order in
w hich the nam es are given w ho the principal
m an is in undertakings o f this kind, but
the task is n ot so easy in the present instance.
We seem to hear m ost about B laxland;
but w hile in som e accounts o f the
expedition his nam e is placed first, in others
it is W en tw orth ’s nam e that is given first,
and in others again it is L aw son ’s. A s a
m atter o f fact, it is W en tw orth ’s nam e that
is placed forem ost in m o s t ,o f the accounts
I have read, not in new spaper articles, but
in books, the authors o f which, one would
think, w ould be careful in a m atter o f that
kind. Can you tell me definitely whether
W entw orth w as the leader o f the expedition,
and if he was, w ho cam e next in point o f
im portance? It is certainly strange that
there should be so m uch confusion over this
m atter.”
The m atter is one about w hich there should
really be no confusion at all, not is there
any confusion in the m inds o f tnose fam iliar
w ith the details o f the expedition. The point
raised b y our correspondent, how ever, is an
interesting one.
A s fa r as the leadership o f the expedition
is concerned, that honor unquestionably belonged
to B laxland. It was B laxland, in
fact, w ho organised the expedition, and
when he invited his friends, L aw son and
W entw orth, to accom pany him on the jo u r­
ney he had already com pleted his plans.
L ike m any others, Mr. W illiam s has noted
1 the carelessness shown by various writers
with regard to the order in w hicn th ey have
nam ed the explorers. The point m ay apj>ear
a trifling one, but our correspondent's letter
proves how m isleading so small a m atter
m ay be. It is n ot so long a go since one o f
thT! descendants o f G regory B l:ixland felt
. called upon to protest publicly against the
! w ay in w hich the latter’s nam e ■was subordinated
to those o f L aw son and W entw orth.
A lthough, as already pointed out, there is
no question as to w ho w as the “ ack n ow ­
ledged leader” o f the expedition, there is
considerable difference o f opinion as to who
should rank a fter Blaxland. One set o f
authorities tells us that the nam es, placed
in the order o f their im portance, are B U x-
land, Law son, and W entw orth, while another
group o f historical experts will insist that
the nam es should run B laxland, WTentw orth,
and Law son. The con test fo r second place
is, therefore, betw een L aw son and W en t-
i w orth._________ ■ ______ ________

1 7
Blaxland him self, In his Journal, gives no
Indication as to which o f his com panions he
regarded as his righthand man, but o f the
tw o there m ust have been one upon w hom
he relied m ore than upon the other. In tiie
absence o f any definite inform ation on ‘ he
point, one can on ly surmise what the probabilities
are. The outstanding facr as far as
W entw orth is concerned is that he w as a
m ere youth, a lad of 19. H e was little m ore
than a b oy fresh from school, and could not
have had any practical knowledge o f the
w ork required o f him. Lieutenant Lawson,
on the other hand, was a man o f 38, and
had som e experience o f exploration. H is
qualifications were such that after the e x ­
pedition o f 1S13 he received some im portant
i official appointm ents, one ^ being that as
com m andant in charge o f thff Bathurst district,
in succession to W illiam Cox, the
m aker o f the first W estern road.
A m o n g the historians of Australian exploration
the only one who deals w ith the question
under discussion is the Rev. G eorgs
Grimm, and m ost people will be inclined to
think that Mr. Grimm, in the follow ing extract
from his “ Australian E xplorers,”
clinches the whole argument. R eferring to
the three mem bers o f the expedition, ho
w rites:—
The forem ost o f this m em orable trio was
G regory Blaxland, a native o f Kent, and
born o f an old English fam ily in 1779. The
second on the expedition was W illiam L aw ­
son, w ho was form erly lieutenant in the
102nd Regim ent, but had latterly retired to
“ Veteran H all,” his own country seat near
Prospect. These two leaders, on whom the
w hole responsibility devolved, were joined
b y a third person, then wholly unknown,
but w ho afterw ards made for him self a
name not to be forgotten in New South
W ales. This was the em bryo patriot and
statesm an, W illiam Charles W entw orth.
Blaxland was now in his 35th year, Lawson
about the same age, but W entw orth was
barely out o f his teens, and professedly
joined th

18
tJ/ v i t ■2 £ '- 'J7a3 —
4 /
Centenary of the First Grossing
of the Blue Mountains
rO T H E SCHOOL, CH ILD R EN O F NEW S O U T H W ALES.
ON the 28th of the current
month one of the m ost
notable centenaries connected
w ith the h istory of
New South Wales will
take place a t the
Y ork. The celebrations, which will
com m em orate th at centenary, are designed
t o honor the m em ory of three
of our m ost w orth y pioneers, viz.,
CJregory Blaxland, W illiam Charles
W entw orth, and Lieutenant W illiam
Law son, who a century a go solved
the problem of what lay behind the
G reat D ividing Range, and as the result
of their expendition threw open
to cu ltiv ation and settlem ent m illions
of acres of maguificent country
which had lain fallow since the creation.
Those, o f you who are fam iliar with
som e of the phases of A u stralia* hiito
r y in the year 1813 will remember
th a t a t th is period the then colon y
of New South Wales was em braced in
a mere strip of territory , 40 miles
wide, from east to w est, and barely
one hundred miles in extent from
north t o south. F o r upwards of 25
years no fewer than nine distinct a t­
tem pts were made by various exp lorers
to penetrate the G reat D ividing
Range, t o see what kind of country
■lay beyon d, but all w ithout avail,
j Each expedition returned t o the' *ettlem
ent baffled and beaten, declaring
|th at progress westw ards could never
t be made, and th a t the colon y must
fo r ever be confined w ithin the lim its
of the C ounty of Cum berland.
These are stran ge w ords, viewed
from ou r sta n d p oin t, but they were
believed in, and even prom inent officials
echoed the opin ion th a t further
7 'a"r.rr!]es w ould be useless, and mere
w aste o f tim e. These were the opin ­
ions held up till the close of the
year 1812, when even such courageous
and dauntless explorers as Da wee,
B arralier, i)a.ss, C a le j, H ack in g, and
oth ers had con centrated th eir
energies in to the task of forcin g
passage over the m ountains t o
whole
a
the
cou n try beyond—b u t all In vain.
T hen' cam e the clim ax. The great'
M acquarie ruled the destinies o f the
you ng colon y , and he, t o o , was ae
keen as his predecessors in solvin g
i
the problem . H e u ndertook one o r

1 9
else t o look for it but beyond
those
tantalisin g height* which had so
lon g defied the efforts o f men to surm
ount them ?
I t this crisis appeared the man
who was eventually t o be regarded
as the saviour of his cou ntry—G regory
B laxland. He had conceived a
scheme which he was anxious to put
in to , practice, and that was to follow
Jthe ridge, which he knew m ust ex--
Iist, keeping the eastern and western
1stream s on his right and left, and
neTer crossing them if it could be
avoided. H e confided his idea to
IG overn or M acquarie, w ho prom ised
|every assistance, and having enlisted
the sym p ath y o f tw o friends, W illiam
Charles W entworth and Lieutenant
W illiam L aw son, who consented t o
accom pany him , he made his preparation
s for departure. On the 11th
M ay, 1813, the three friends, in com ­
pany w ith four men servants, horses
and d og s, set out from B la ila n d ’s
farm a t S ou th Creek, and a t 4
o ’clock of the same d ay crossed the
Nepean a t Em u Island, and by sundown
the p a rty made their first cam p
a t th e fo o t o f the first range.
N ext m orning the real business of
the undertaking began, and their
troubles were n ot lon g in com ing.
Deep gullies and gloomy recesses con ­
fronted them on every hand. Thick
brushwood and ston y ground im peded
their progress, and the aw ful s o l­
itude of these regions weighed down
their spirits and depressed them.
Lurking savages dogged their fo o t­
steps night and day, and m ore than
on® encounter with venom ous reptiles
is recorded. : S till they struggled
painfully onward, never for a m om ­
ent losing heart, and though som e­
times their daily progress was bareft/
/"tro o f r t i r e &
a - d a y art lAe.
a tr e r tx ^ e . / A e.y ct-0 ra t* .t£ < ) 'f'7 o rrZ y / l/i/ -
J ’u .reJ y A »r r * r * C i f f o r f
slow ly but p w o l y to w a rd s t h w — r*f*-
ty a eeu yle -o f roiloo th ey—n dfan oed
g o a l. F o r 21 days the un- j
equal co n test w ent on, and a t n ightfall,
when they m ade their csm p in
the m idst of som e g lo o m y fore st, or
on the brink o f som e trem en dou s.raviDo,
none knew, as they closed their
eyes in the sleep th a t was so much
|needed, whether they w ould open j
\them again a m on gst the ob je cts th a t j
Ihad g row n so dreadfully fam ilia r W hat j
I cou rage and heroism are here
dis- '
played, and all fo r n o hope o f reward I
| but o f the sim p le sense of doing I
their duty t o th eir cou n try and
brin ging aid t o their fellow men.
Surely it is ou r privilege t o h onor
these brave men fo r their endurance
and th eir splendid achievem ents
th ose far-off days.
On M ay 28th, cx a ctly seventeen
days after th eir ascent o f the' first
ran ge, the p a rty em erged upon tho
sum m it o f M ount Y ork ,
in
and feasted
their delighted eyes upon the vision
of fresh grass and pure w ater, which
th ey could d istin c tly see in the v a l­
ley beneath them . W ith trem endous
: difficulty the precipice was descended,
and for tho first tim e fo r m any days
b oth men and horses revelled in the
g o o d things w hich bountiful nature
p rovided . The m ountain w as again
clim bed, and a cam p form ed near the
w estern edge o f the cliffs. N ext day
the journey w as resum ed and three
days la ter the w eary exp lorers s to o d
a t length upon the sum m it of th at
rem arkable m ou n tain on the banks of
the C ox R iver, afterw ards a p p ropriately
named M ount B laxland by
S u rveyor G eorge W illiam Evans,
w hilst tw o oth er con ica l peaks in the
| v icin ity received the names of Went-
j w o rth ’s and L a w son s S u garloa vcs rej
sp e ctirrly . With cloth es to r n t o plec-
I es by the sharp rock s w ith b o o ts
in ta tte rs from the rugged and ston y
path they had traversed, and a ll
suffering from ailm ent* b roa g h t on by

exposure and insufficient food, B la x­
land realised that this m ust be his
farthest poin t. N ot t o him was
granted the privilege o f first setting
fo o t on tho rollin g cou ntry to the
westw ard ; tttat was reserved for his
successor, E vans, and he could only
look with lo n g iD g eyes upon the j
heritage th a t was so soon t o be w on.
R eluctantly the order was given to
retrace their steps, and after anoth ­
er six days o f h ardship, rendered
now som ew hat easier by reason of
the fact th a t a “ blazed tra ck ” a w a ited
them , they once m ore reached the
banks of the Nepean, and the joyful
news of the great discovery s o o n ,
spread far and w ide.'
W ithin a few weeks G eorge W illiam
Evans, another w orth y pioneer, fol-
I low ed In tb6 first exp lorers’ fo o t-
! steps, and succeeded in penetrating
over 90 m iles beyond B laxlan d 's furthest
poin t. H e returned, filled with
delighted praise of the beauty and
extent o f the cou ntry, and M acquarie,
now th at his dearest wishes were
accom plished, lo st no tim e in setting |
a b ou t the con stru ction of the great
road which was to open up the rich
cou ntry in the west, and carry upon
Its surface thousands o f eager colon ­
ists anxious t o acquire their share of
the new territory . W illiam Cox was
the fourth a cto r in the dram a o f the
i ''C on q u est o f the M ou ntain?,” and
] righ t welt did he perform his part.
I In the short space of six m onth* a
fine road, w ith bridges, culverts, cmj
bankmentu, and all the details which
j go t o make up an im p ortan t underi
takin g of this nature, extending for
! a distance o f upwards o f 100 miles,
j
j was com pleted and ready for traffic,
and on the 25th A pril, 1815, Governi
o r M acquarie, with a distinguished
com pany of gentlem en, get ou t on his
journey over the new rea d , and offi-
|d a ily opened fo r all tim e the great
trade rou te t o the West.
On the 28th May of th is year the
centenary of the first crossin g o f the
m ountains w ill be celebrated a t M ount
Y ork , th is being th e date, a century
a g o , when G reg ory B laxland and
p a rty first set fo o t on th is rugged
m ou n tain, and cam ped som ewhere
near where the obelisk stands t o ­
day. I t is a gran d privilege th a t we
o f the present gen eration are spared
to w itness and take p a rt In the com ­
m em oration of the greatest event in
A ustralian h istory . N ot on ly can we
rejoice th a t th e prolific w estern country
w as so opportu n ely added to our
te r rito ry , w ith a ll th a t it stands
for. in wealth and influence, but
a b ove a ll, we are h onorin g the m em ­
ory o f the pioneers w ho have helped
t o m ake our cou n try w hat it is t o ­
day. We review their lives and
w orks, p raisin g them for their Indom
ita b le courage and perseverance,
fo r th eir sterlin g w orth and in tegrity
and fo r the n oble sp irit th a t possessed
them in their w illingness t o risk
their lives s o th a t g o o d t o t h e 'c o m ­
m unity m ight result. T heir exam ple
should stir even the least o f us t o renewed
efforts fo r our beloved land,
and a loyal-h ea rted endeavour to
tr y , like the heroes of the past, to
leave the w orld “ a little b etter than
we found i t .” Surely i t was of theee
very men th at W ill O gilvic, one of our
m ost gifted poet*, was thinking when
he w rote :—
"T h e y are sleeping in the graveyards,
in their silen t graves a p a rt.
With em pty arm s, and eager, th a t
w ould h old them t o their heart,
These statesm en o f the buried years,
these lo y a l men lon g dead,
Are they turning in their dream ing,
t o the dull tram p overhead ?
When they pin the sta rs and garters,
when they w rite the title s rare,
The men who earned the h onors are
the men w ho w on ’t be th ere.”
** • * «* ♦* *•
S ch olars ! T he destinies of th is
i g loriou s cou n try are in you r hands.

It rests with you w hat the future
years w ill bring, and you alone have
the m aking o r the m arring of them .
May the lives o f these heroic men.
and the sto ry of their e x p loits,
whose noble work you w ill sh ortly
join in com m em oratin g, give you inspiration
for the years t o com e, and
so aid you in reaching th a t standard
of perfection which w ill com bine in
m aking you good citizen* and faith ­
ful and loyal subjects o f his G racious
M sjesty the K in g.
F R A N K W A L K E R ,
President Australian H isto rica l
fiyuney. May 8, 1913. S ocie ty .
I
I
BLUE MOUNTAIN PIONEERS
-------- 'BY H . C. K E N D A L L .—
The dauntless three ! for tw enty days and nights
These heroes battled w ith the haughty heights ;
F or tw enty spaces of the Btars and sun
These R om ans kept their harness buckled on ;
By gaping gorges, and by cliffs austere,
These fathers struggled in the great old yea r ;
Their feet they set on strange bills scarred by fire,
Their stron g arm s forced a path through brake and b ria r ;
They fough t with Nature till they rcached the throne
Where m orning glittered on the great U nknown !
There, in a tim e with praise and prayer suprem e,
Paused B laxland, Law son, W entw orth, in a dream ;
There, w here the silver a rrow s of the day
Hmote elope and spire, they halted on their w ay.
Behind them were the conquered hills— they faced
The vast green West, with gla d , strange beantv graced ;
And every tone o f every cav« and tree
Was as a voice of splendid prophecy.

22
BLAXLAND,
WENTWORTH
AND
LAWSON.
HE ACHIEVEMENT OF A HUNDRED
YEARS
O N E H U N D R E D Y E A R S AGO.
M en o f n erv e and iron sinew ,
B red o f E n g la n d ’s b lo o d and b on e;
W e ll ye fa ced the desert fastness,
P aths o f w ild u n b rok en stone.
W e, to -d a y , y o u r n am es w ou ld h on ou r,
A n d y o u r n o b le d eed s a ccla im ;
E n g la n d ’s m oth ers b red and b ore ye
F o r th e h o n o u r o f h e r nam e.
M en o f n erve and iron sinew ,
B red o f E n g la n d ’s b lo o d and b o n e ;
Y e a re w ith us still, and livin g
In the h eart w hich d ares alone.
W e , a N a tion ’s praise w ou ld give ye
(M en o f G od and N a tu re’s g r a c e ),
F o r th e sp irit o f o u r F a th ers
A n d th e h o n o u r o f o u r race.
— C lara W eb b er.
O ld Sydney basked lazily in the sun
in th e early part o f th e year 1813. The
p la cid w aters o f th e h arbou r, as g rea t a
haven then as it is to -d a y , ca rried upon
its b ro a d b o som on ly a fe w sm all ships
w h ich it ro ck e d g en tly as th ou gh b ro o d ­
in g in p rophe tic vision u p on th e grow th
o f th e baby flo tilla it n ursed, in to - the
m igh ty m erca n tile n avy o f o u r ow n tim e.
B u ilt upon th e plan o f an old w orld tow n ,
m adg ru d er by the la ck o f sk illed artizans
and the cru d en ess o f e a rly C olon ial m ater
AGO.
ia l, a n cien t S yd n ey stre tch e d i t s 1 quain t
a n d n a rrow streets fr o m th e sparK ling
w a ters o f th e h a r b o u r to th e c lo s e ly env
ir o n in g sh a d es o f th e w o o d la n d s. H ere
an d th ere th e lo n g w h ite line o f c o iw ic t
m ade roa d s sp re a d th e ir slen d er ten ta cle s
to th e g rea t w est, le a d in g to th e h om e­
steads o f th e e a r lie r settlers. T h e g re g -
a rio u sn css o f m an h ad m ade its e lf felt
a m o n g s t th ese p io n e e rs a n d a v illa g e had
sp ru n g in to ox ista n ce , o n ly fo u rte e n m iles
in la n d . T h is w as P a rra m a tta , n ow the
se co n d tow n in th e State. F u r th e r a field
th e in cessa n t a d v a n ce o f th e d a rin g A n g lo
S axon co n tin u e d to w a rd s th e h azy blue o l
th e h ills on th e w estern h orizon a n d the
fla ts w ere cle a re d and cu ltiv a te d and in
th e m ea d ow la n d s th e im p o rte d ca ttle
b ro w se d to fa tn ess. S lo w ly b u t su rely
thp. b lu e o f th e h ills d eep en ed as m en
re cla im e d th e v irg in w ild s to th e brin k
o f th e N epean . B e y o n d , w h ere th e sun
d ip p ed b eh in d th e r o llin g h e ig h ts at
ev e n in g , all w a s m y stery . A t lo n g in tervals,
sm all p a rtie s o f w a y w o rn m en w ou ld
e m e r g e fr o m th e ra v in es in th e h illsid
es, a n d te ll o f jo u r n e y s in to th e ro ck y
fastn esses w h e re solitu d e and m a je sty sat
h an d in h a n l ; te ll o f days o f a w esom e
s o jo u r n a m id st u n sca le a b le c liffs a n d im ­
p e n e tra b le fo r e s ts ; te ll o f p r iv a tio n and
d a n g ers as ro m a n tic as th o se e n co u n te r­
ed in th e jo u r n e y s o f C ortez o r P iz a rro.
T h e sp irit o f a d v e n tu re u rg ed m en on,

an d every su cceed in g fa ilu re added zest
to the c o n flic t betw een m an k ind and the
M ou ntains. A n d so, fo r o v e r a sco r e o f
y ea rs, w h ile this u n eq u a l b a ttle w as bein
g silen tly w aged, the little strip o f
la n d that la y betw ixt th e P a cific and th e
M ou n tain b a rrier w as p eop led , cu ltiv ated
and sto ck e d and p rog ress seem ed to sleep.
GREGORY BLAXLAND.
...... '■ "" 'U ib b s a a H K K n n
G overn or M acquarie knew th at leth a rg y
o f this so rt was fatal. H is desire was
to lift his C olon y ou t o f the dream y langu
or that pervaded the S outhern seas and
fo u n d a v irile o ffs h o o t o f th e stron gest
colo n izin g fo r c e the w orld h as ever k n ow n
H e knew th a t the b u ild in g o f great cities
w as not to be h oped fo r in a la n d -lock ed
con tin en t and that co m m e rce lim ited to
I the p roduct o f fo u r th ou san d square m iles
j o f a gricu ltu ra l land w ou ld never th ron g
|the fin est p ort in the S outhern H em isph
ere w ith m erchantm en. T h e d oin gs o f
D aw es ( 1 7 8 9 ) , P aterson ( 1 7 9 3 ), H osk in g
( 1 7 9 4 ) , B ass (1 7 9 6 ), W ilso n ( 1 7 9 8 ), B ar j
i
ra llie r (1 8 0 2 ) a n d " C ayley ( 1 8 0 4 ) , w ere
w a tch e d w ith th e d eep est in terest. H ope
refu sed to d ie e v en w hen , o n e b y one,
th ese galla n t m en retu rn ed to add a n o th ­
e r fa ilu r e to th e list. T h e fa in t-h e a rte d
p ron o u n ce d th e con q u est o f the ro ck y
b a rrie r as im p o ssib le . It w as fo o lis h ­
n ess akin to m adness, th is s triv in g to
ureak th rou g h an o b sta cle erected b y the
A lm ig h ty to se t a lim it to m a n ’s a m b ition .
B u t h ow m any th in g s are p r o n o u n ce d im ­
p o ssib le u n til th ey h ave been a cco m ­
p lish e d ? G od d oes n o t p u t fe tte rs upon
a m b itio n , n o r say to m an, “ th us far
s b a lt th ou g o , and n o fu r th e r .” A m b ition
is th e P rom eth ea n fir e , th e D ivin e sp a rk ,
w h ich w arm s a n d illu m in a tes the sou ls
o f m en , and g iv e s co u ra g e to en d ea vou rs,
and stren gth to s a crifice , w h ich sets the
Jfe e t o f ea rn est m en firm ly on th e p in ­
n a cles o f the w o rld , sh ield s th em in the
a byss and d isco v e rs to th eir fa ith fu l eyes
the fro z e n se cre ts o f the p oles. W ith
the y ea r 1813 ca m e d isaster to th e C olon
ists. D ro u g h t in its sev erest fo r m fell
u p on them . S tock d ied h elp less, t h e r e 1
w as n o ou tle t— n o re lie f cou n try . A f - '
flu e n c e tu rn ed to in d ig e n ce and the
w o r k o f y ea rs seem ed fa te d to d e stru c­
tion . The h u n g ry eyes o f h ard y m en
tu rn ed to th e H ills. W as th ere n o g a te- 1
w a y ? N o passa ge to fresh fie ld s and
pastu res n ew ? A m orta l n eed w as u pon
th em . A n d lo ! fr o m the m id st o f d ire j
n ecessity ca m e su ccou r, and H e w h o f i r s t 1
let in th e d a y lig h t u pon th e d a rk n ess o f
j this earth e lu cid a te d the th in gs w hich
|w ere o f use to h u m an ity b y the a g e n cy
o f H is servan ts. G regory B la x la n d h ad
j a fa r m at S ou th C reek , n ear W in d sor.
H e w a s a q u ie t m an , b u t u n d e r his quiet
e x te rio r th ere w as th e in d om ita b le c o u r ­
age a n d the re s o lu te p u rp o se o f the l rue
e x p lo re r. H e h ad gain ed th e co n fid e n ce
o f G ov ern or M a cq u a rie, a m an o f s tro n g ­
ly en te rp risin g n a tu re w h o, in 1 8 1 0 , attem
p ted to p e n e tra te th e M ou n tain ra n ge
by th e W a rra n g a m b a river. T h is exp
e d itio n fa ile d , as a ls o did a secon d attem
p t m ade b y B la x la n d , w h o , th is tim e,
essayed to rea ch th e h ig h la n d , w h ich app
ea red to run w estw a rd b etw een th e W a r ­
ra n g a m b a a n d G rose rivers. On th is
o cca sio n , th e a b o rig in a l servants fa ile d
him , and he re s o lv e d n ot to d ep en d on
the n atives in h is n ext tria l. H e w as
ce rta in th e u n d e r ta k in g cou ld be ca rrie d
o u t s u cc e ssfu lly , d esp ite a ll th e p rev iou s
fa ilu re s. W ith th e con sen t o f the G ove
rn o r, w ho a p p ro v e d o f h is plan s to
reach th e m ain ta b lela n d a n d to k e e p to
the sou th o f th e s o u rc e o f a ll tr ib u ta r y J
strea m s ru n n in g in a n o rth e rly d ir e ctio n 1
to th e G rose riv e r, h e again set o u t on j
T u esd a y , M ay 1 1 th , 1 813, a c co m p a n ie d !

W IL L IA M C H A R L E S W E N T W O R T H .
by L ieu ten a n t L aw son and W illia m C h arles
W e n tw o rth , fo u r servan ts and fo u r pack
h orses. E m u F ord w as crossed and th e
dev oted p a rty cam p ed in the sh adow o f
the earth gian ts, w h ich fo r th ou sa n d s o f
years had s to o d gu ard o v er a C on tin en t
and fo r a quarter o f a cen tu ry h ad b a ffled
th e attem p ts o f b ra v e m en to w rest i
th eir secret fro m th em , but w hich n ow j
w ere fated to relin q u ish th e k ey o f the
g o ld e n w est ere the. w axin g and w anin g
o f a n oth er m oon . T h e deta iled h istory
o f th e p orten teou s tw en ty days that
lapsed fr o m the strik in g o f th e cam p at
the fo o t o f M ountains to th e m om en t
w hen , w ith ey es d im m ed by g ra te fu l tears
the v a lia n t tr io gazed fr o m th e n oble pin ­
n a cle o f M ou n t Y o r k in to th e W estern
va le is w ell know n. T h e rou te ch osen j
w as a co n tin u ou s rid g e w in d in g a b ou t
in g rea t ben d s, but b ea rin g a w estern ten ­
den cy. On either h an d w ere p recip itou s
c liffs fa llin g sheer in to the valleys. T h e
p e cu lia r r id g e was co v e re d w ith dense
scru b w h ich had to be hew n th rou g h .
; A ll a ttem p ts to e v a d e its m assed v e g e ­
ta tion e n d ed in fa ilu re , th e party b ein g
b ro u g h t to a halt o n th e b rin k o f vertic
a l ch asm s h undreds o f fe e t deep. H orse
fe e d g o t sca rcer w ith each d a y ’s travel.
On the fir s t Sunday, the party rested ,
and it w as then th a t th e m a rv ellou s solitu
d e b egan to h ave p o w e rfu l e ffe ct, b lc x -
j la n d ’s jo u r n a l n aiv ely sta tes: “ T h e leis-
: u re a ffo r d e d opportu n ity fo r th e m en 10
; ru m in ate u p on th e d a n g er to an extent
|th at at on e tim e m ade fu r t h e r p r o g re ss
j d o u b tfu l.” O f th is p o r tio n o f th e M ou n t-
j ains, H en ry H a c k in g (e x -q u a rte r m a ster
j H .M .S. S iriu s) h a d w ritte n 19 y e a rs bej
fo r e : “ W e saw b u t on e n a tiv e in th is deso
la te re g io n , a n d he fle d a f o u r ap-
! p r o a c h .” G o v e rn o r K in g , co m m e n tin g up
I on G e o rg e C a le y ’s exp e d itio n o f .1804,
w h ich w as u p o n th e rig h t tr a c k , but
o n ly rea ch ed as fa r as L in d e n , says:
“ A s resp ects t b » e x ten sion o f a g ricu ltu re
— th a t id e a m u st b e g iv en up. T h e r o ck s
a re b a rre n and fo r b id d in g , stra n g e to m en
a n im a ls and b ir d s .” T h e re w as a h u m orist
in O aley’s p a rty w h o , u p o n seein g tw o
v e ry s o lita ry lo o k in g crow;*, said, “ The
p o o r b ird s h av e lo s t th e ir w a y .” B la x-
la n d ’s p a rty a d v a n ce d at th e ra te o f a
m ile and a h a lf o n so m e days. On th e sev
en th day ou t, th e h o rse s w e re b ro u g h t alo
n g a cle a re d tr a c k a little o v e r six
m iles, ca rry in g a n a d d itio n a l b u rd en o f
g ra ss fo r th eir o w n fo o d . W ater had
to b e lifte d fr o m a depth o f 600 feet. On
th e e ig h th d a y th e rid g e n a rro w e d to i
a b o u t 60 fee.t w id e, and p r o g re s s w as o b - 1
stru cte d by a p e r p e n d icu la r r o ck a b o u t
30 fe e t h igh. B y r e m o v in g som-3 la rg e
lo o s e portion/?, a p a ssa ge w as e ffe cte d .
T h is sp ot is n o w k n ow n as L in d en . T n o
n ext d a y ’ s p r o g r e s s p u t th e p a rty to the
“ fu rth e s t w e s t” p o in t e v e r reach ed hy
w h ite m an. T h e ten th d a y ’ s jo u r n e y saw
th e ca m p p itch e d m id w a y b e t w e e i ila ;:e l-
b r o o k a n d L a w son . F o u r m iles w a s acco
m p lish e d o n th e fo llo w in g d ay, May
2 1st, w hen th e e x p e d itio n w as on the
spot n o w o c c u p ie d by W e n tw o rth F a lis.
It w as h ere th a t th e p a rty w e re in d a n g er
o f an a tta ck b y th e b la ck s. On th e 2 2nd
o f M a y ’ th ey c o v e r e d 8 % m iles and ret.ched
a p o in t b e tw e e n L eu ra and K a ty om b a ,
o v e r lo o k in g K a n im b la V a lley. A n attem
p t w as m ade to d escen d , but w ith no
su ccess. T h e y n ow to o k a m ore n o rth ­
e rly co u rse, a n d it is p r o b a b le th a t th e
o ld tr e e , b etw een K a to o m b a and M ed low
B a th , w as m a rk e d on th e 2 3 rd o f M ay.
T h e site o f B la ck h e a th w as passed on
th e 2 7 th . N e x t d a y , as th e sun w as
settin g , the n o w w ea ry and ra g g e d baud
h alted o n th e e d g e o f a p recip ice . B e­
lo w th em , in th e sla n tin g g o ld e n ra y s lay
a cres o f w e ll-g ra s s e d land. N ot a ctu a lly !
the. p la in s o f th e in te rio r, b u t th e th resh ­
o ld o f th at m ig h ty re g io n w h ich has
p o u re d its w e a lth a lo n g th e b la zed tra ck
fo r fiv e sco re y e a rs in e v e r in cre a sin g
strea m s. A t th a t m om en t. N ew S ou th
W a le s cea sed to b e a m ere settlem en t, ft
b e ca m e on e o f the. g ra n d est S tates in th e
m ost firm ly fo u n d e d E m p ire th e w o rld l>a ■
seen. T h is ffict w as realized by G o v ern or
I M acqu arie w ith a d m ira b le a la crity . T h e

2 5
[ n o t ca rry much, g rea te r s ig n ific a n ce tlia r
|“ p r o v id in g p a stu ra g e to th e fine: flo ck s
i o f m erin o s h e e p ,” b u t to th e m en o f the
p rese n t d a y , w ho h av e th e a d v a n ta g e o f
ta k in g a re tro s p e ctiv e v ie w , th e a ccom ­
p lish m e n t o f th e c r o s s in g h as a trem e n d ­
o u s p u rp o rt. S u rely it is p a rd o n a b le fo r
us t o ta k e p r id e in aucli a ch ievem en ts
b y o u r co m p a trio ts. B rita in has reared
sp len d id son s and n on e m ore w orth y o f
h o n o r than th ese th ree—
B L A X L A N D , W E N T W O R T H & L A W S O N .
T H E B L U E M O U N T A IN S — 1 8 1 3 -1 9 1 3 .
1813.
WILLIAM LAWSON.
n ew s o f th e a ch ievem en t no soon er rea ch ­
ed h im th an he set in m otion a ll th e
, G overn m en ta l m ach in ery at his disposal.
M r. G eorge VV. E vans, on e o f th e a s s is t -'
. ant land su rv eyors, w as in stru cted to fo l-
i lo w th e tra il o f th e P io n e e r party and to
i ascertain th e gen eral p rop erties o f the
j soil to th e w estw ard o f th e M ountains.
A tten d ed b y fir e m en , E van s retrod the
M ountain pass and, a fte r a seven w eek s’
trip , retu rn ed to rep o rt a jo u rn e y o f 150
m iles in la n d , in w h ich h e h ad fo u n d " an
exten sion o f tilla ge and pasture land su f­
ficie n t fo r a cen tu ry to c o m e ." H e p’.s o
rep o rte d a riv er w h ich G overn or M acq
u a rie, in a desp atch , said, “ w as su p p osed
to em p ty itself in to th e o cea n on th e !
w estern sid e o f N.S. W a les at a d istance
o f fr o m tw o to th ree h u n d red m iles fro m
th « term in a tion o f th e tow n . T his
w ou ld m ean that th e w estern coa st o f i
A u stra lia w as su p p osed at th at tim e to |
be a h u n d red m iles th is sid e o f C on d oblin
R ut. as lim ited as w as the estim ate « f
M acqu arie, the stream o f h um an ity set
tow a rd s th e new la n d s; flo ck s and h erds
w e re soon fa tten in g u p on the n u tritiou s
; grasses, a n d year by year, th rou g h the
! M ou ntain pass, the w ains w ent forth
w ith th e m erch a n d ise fr o m o th er lands,
and retu rn ed to tile sea laden w ith i
' fle e ce s. T h e cra m p in g fetters o f th e |
H ills h ad b een b rok en . F rom an a fe a o f
4000 sq u a re m iles, N ew South W ales had
: spread in a n .om en t to g rea ter diir.enj
sion s than m any o f the E u rop ea n K in g- •
|dom s. T o the sim p le m ind o f B iax-
| land, th e a ch ievem en t o f cro ssin g did
T h e ra n g es r o s e lik e ra m p a rts in their
w a y ;
P r o te c tin g fr o m th e ir a rd en t eyes, the
sigh t
O f secrets h id d e n in a co u n try , g re y
W ith im m e m o ria l a g e s o f th e n igh t.
L o n g , h ad th o se m ou n ta in s tem pted
F a n c y ’s w in gs,
Y e t sn apped th e p a th s o f m a n y darin g
feet.
B u t w h en th e w a rm b lo o d o f th e B ritish
sin g s
In V e n tu re ’ s p a ssion — w h at w ith sta n d s
its h e a t?
E v e r, th e fe w —
T h e fie r y fe w , it is, w h o d riv e
T h e ir fla s h in g so u ls in to th e n earer
N ig h t
A n d w ith th e e v il d a rk n ess striv e ,
T h a t ro u n d th e ir b r o th e r s ’ fe e t there
m a y b e lig h t.
E v e r, th e fe w !
F r o m ten d e r E n g lish la n e and la w n ,
F r o m la n d o l tra n q u il b rea th ,
T h ey cam e to to il w h ere ch a sm s yaw n
W ith r o c k y ja w s o f death.
T h e m o u n ta in th ic k e t’s a rm s w ere w id e,
T h e m ou n ta in g o rg e w as d e e p ;
T h e y th ru st i.he th ic k e t’s a rm s asid e
A n d p a n ted u p th e eteep .
A llu re d by o n e appea l a lon e—
T h e ir s o u ls ’ in siste n t ca ll—
T h e y w restled w ith th e g re a t U n k now n
An,d clu tc h e d th e ir cou rse th ro u g h ail.
A n d w h en , at last, fr o m Y o r k 's stu p en d ­
ou s rise,
T h e b ea m in g m ea d ow s r o lle d beneath
th eir eyes.
H o w lea p ed th e ir v o ice s in th e m ou n ta in
a ir!

H ow leaped th eir hearts to see the
rich n ess th ere!
F o r them , to -d a y , o u r reveren ce app ears—
Tlig. first o f all o u r fearless pion eers.
F o r {'W en tw orth ’s, , B la x la n d ’ s , ' L a w son ’ s
nam es shall sM ne
T h e fore m o st, alw ays, o f th at g lo rio u s
line.
A n d th eir h ig h cou ra g e and th e ir gra n ite
w ill
L iv e in th e hearts o f tru e A u stra l­
ians, still!
1913.
A h u n d red years! N ow , all the w onders
see
W ro u g h t by the fin g ers o f a cen tu ry.
T h e rid g e w h ich , th en , th e stu b b orn bush
b estrod e,
H as lo n g been con q u ered by a cu n n in g
road.
W h e re th en , th e clo a k o f d esola tion lay,
T h e h u m m in g tow n ship s stand and th rive
to-day.
W h ile th rou g h th em rush, in stream s
that n ever cease,
T h e sw ellin g stores o f m etal, grain and
fleece—
A s y ie ld s th e g low in g con tin en ta l heart,
Its treasu res fo r th e roa rin g city m art.
T h e slen d er fewr, u p on a n arrow stran d.
H ave g row n to m illion s in a m igh ty land.
B e-rin g ed it was, w ith vast and sailless
Seas
A n d n ow h e r co m m e rce flo w s th rou g h
cro w d e d quays.
T h e h elots h eld by strip es and anguish ,
then,
H ave g iv en place to fr e e and h appy m en.
* * * *
W ith ea rn est eyes th at fe a r o r th reaten
j none,
1A u stra lia tu rn s to m eet th e risin g sun!
— C .P.
T H E D A Y .
T h e m orn in g o f th e 28th b rok e b ea u tifu
lly clea r, but v e ry co ld . T he early
sun rays s h o t o v er th e h ills w ith th e
b rig h tn ess o f p o lish e d steel, and th e
a cco m p a n y in g gen tle breeze b ore on its
w in gs a ch illn ess th at m igh t have com e
d ir e ct fro m the A n ta rctic. T h e e x p ectant
M ou ntaineers w ere a lert and rea d y
fo r th e g re a t festiv a l at an ea rly h ou r,
1and th e b lu e sm ok e ro se p erp en d icu la rly
fro m every h abitation in p rep aration fo r
I th e m o rn in g m eal. Im m ed iately a fte r
| b rea k fa st th e peop le m ov ed fo rth to view
th e d e cora tion s o f th eir several tow n ­
ships. K a toom b a w as fe sto o n e d w ith
the co lo r s o f the G ov ern or in broa d
bands o f ribbon . Japanese lantern s in
I every co n ce iv a b le c o lo r h u n g a cro ss the
m ain th o ro u g h fa re s , th e G reat W e ste rn
1 ro a d b e in g e x ce e d in g ly lavish in its disp
lay. F r o m a ll p u b lic b u ild in g s a n d the
p rin cip a l b u sin ess h ou ses h u n g b u n tin g
o f a ll so rts ; th e m ost p r e d o m in a n t bein
g th e S ta r-crossed fla g o f A u stra lia ,
th e U nion J a ck and th e S tars and S tripes j
o f th e U n ited States. T h e e ffe c t w as as I
p retty as it w as v a ri-co lo re d , a n d it i s ;
c e rta in K a to o m b a n e v e r lo o k e d g a y e r .1
A t a little b e fo r e 10 a .m ., a co n tin g e n t o f
ch ild re n 300 stron g , fr o m th e K a toom b a*
P u b lic S ch o o l, m a rch ed , u n d er th e co m ­
m and o f M r. M. D unne and his s ta ff, to
th e ra ilw a y sta tio n , th ere to m e e t the
train set a p a rt fo r th e tra n sp o rt o f th e '
1s ch o la r s ea st o f M ou n t V icto ria . A s
K a to o m b a w a s o n e o f th e last le v ie s to
be ta k en u p, th e re w as so m e d iffic u lty in
fin d in g ro o m , b u t b y a p roce ss o f p ack ­
in g , g o o d h u m o re d ly b o rn e by th e happy
ju v e n ile s , th e fe a t w as a cco m p lish e d and
th e train stea m ed ou t to w a rd s M ount
V ic to r ia a v e rita b le fo r e s t o f m in ia tu re
fla g s w a v in g fr o m its w in d o w s a n d lusty
ch eers risin g fr o m its tig h tly -w e d g e d
b u rd en , h e a rd u n til th e fir s t r o ck cu ttin g
w as passed. B y th is tim e, h u n d reds o f
a d u lts had g a th e re d on th e p la tfo r m ,
a w a itin g th e fo llo w in g train s, w h ich cam e
a lo n g w ith a tire d and la ck a d a isica l air
w h ich su g g e ste d a p r o fo u n d a p a th y on
th e p a rt o f th e ra ilw a y d ep a rtm en t as to
w h en and b y w h o m th e M ou n ta in s w ere
fir s t cro sse d . T h e H y d ro M a je stic w as a
b la ze o f c o lo r a n d m ade a p retty p ictu re
in th e m o r n in g lig h t. A lo n g th e G reat
W e ste rn ro a d , w h ich is p r a c tica lly the
old tr a c k o f th e p io n e e rs, v e h icle s o f e v ­
e ry d e scrip tio n fr o m a sp rin g ca rt to a
m o d e rn m o to r ca r, m a d e w e stw a rd in
g rea t n u m bers. M any p e d e stria n s m ade
a p ilg rim a g e to th e M arked T ree, w hich
h ad been d e c o ra te d fo r th e o c c a s io n by
th e M u n icip al C ou n cil. B la ck h e a th w as
a lso in e x ce p tio n a l gala a rra y , its M ain
i Street b e in g p a rt o f th e o rig in a l track.
■T h e sta tion h o u se s a t b o th M ed low B ath
' and B la ck h ea th w e re a rtistica lly trim m ed
j in g re e n e ry and b u n tin g , sh o w in g great
taste o n th e p a rt o f th o se w h o h ad ch a rg e
o f th a t w o rk . A s if to k eep th e tr a v e llin
g p u b lic a liv e to th e m o d e .}f J ravel
u sed b y th e e x p lo re rs, th re e sw agm en
' w ere seen tr u d g in g a lo n g th e o ld road
m a k in g s lo w ly b u t su rely t o w a r is the
p la in s b ey on d . A t M ou n t V icto ria , n ever
w as seen su ch e n e rg e tic bustle. T h e
! q u iet tow n sh ip seem ed to b e su rp rised
fr o m a R ip -V a n -W in k le slu m b e r in to a
w id e -a w a k e h o sp ita lity . F r o m th e ra ilw
a y sta tion to th e Im p e ria l h o te l, the
v is ito rs p o u re d in a c o n tin u ou s stream [

27
Cr. * C. BERGHOFER,
Father of the Celebrations.
u n d er th e D eautnul d ecora tion s. T h e '
Im p eria l v era n d a h g lea m ed w ith n aval j
a nd m ilita ry u n ifo rm and th e sheen o f ]
silk e n top -h a ts, on ly b ro u g h t to lig h t on
State occa sion s. T he M ou ntain w orth ies
fra tern ized w ith th e w orth ies o f the
C ity, th e State, th e C om m on w ealth and
I th e E m p ire. A fte r th e fo rm a litie s o f intr
o d u ctio n , every m an d rop p ed into- that
easy a ssocia tion w hich co m e s n atu rally
w hen m en m eet to d o h o n o r to th e m ei
o ry o f th e n o b le dead. T h e ch oicest bit
o f d e cora tio n in th e w h o le festiv a l was
on th at sh o rt b it o f road fro m th e P ost
O ffic e to th e m ain gate o f th e park. It
w as b ow ered in fern s, and arch ed by tw o
very g ra ce fu l span s o f fo lia g e . A sq u a d ­
ron o f N .S .W . L a n cers p ran ced g a ily a lo n g
th is p o r tio n o f th e road a t 11 o ’clo ck to
ta k e up a p osition as g u a rd o f h o n o r in
th e P a rk and w h a t w ith th e gloss o f the
w e ll-g ro o m e d h orses, th e g litte r o f silver
a ccou tre m e n ts, th e g r a c e fu l disp osition
o f w a v in g fe rn s, th e to u ch e s o f b rig h t
c o lo u r in th e b u n tin g, th e sm art escort
! w ith slen d er la n ces at rest and pennants
|w a vin g in th e crisp b reeze and th e w ell-
! d ressed o n lo o k e rs, th e scen e w as a g or-
|g e o u s and anim ated on e, n ever to be fo r-
1 g o tte n in th e h istory o f M ou nt V ictoria .
In th e p a rk the sch o o l ch ild ren w ere disposed
in square on th e risin g grou n d im ­
m ed ia tely fa c in g th e p la tform . A la rg e
sheet at th e rea r o f th e dais b o re the
n am es o f th e E x p lorers, o v e r an en larged
p ictu re o f K in g G eorg e IV and th e R oyal
C oat o f A rm s. On the le ft o f th ese was
th e n am e o f G overn or M acquarie 1813, i.nd
on th e r ig h t th a t o f L o rd D enm an, 1913.
A fa n fa r e o f b u g le s a n n ou n ced th e ap--
p roach o f th e G o v e rn o r, and th e stra in s
o f “ G od S ave th e K in g ” flo a te d o v e r ilie
vast th r o n g as th e V ice R e g a l p a rty step p
' ed in to v ie w . T h e re w as n ow a co n co u rse
; o f fu lly 8 0 0 0 p e o p le a n d ev e ry p o in t o f
! van ta g e w as ta k en up. T h e s ch o o l ch ild
ren n u m b e red 1 2 0 0 , d r a fte d fr o m P a rra ­
m atta, P r o sp e ct, L a w son , L e u ra , K a to o m ­
ba and B la ck h e a th on th e east, and P o r t­
land, W a lle r a w a n g , M a rra n g a roo, B ow en
fels, L ith g o w , O a k ey P a rk and H a rtle y
V a le on th e w est. T h e y w e re m arsh allet
in to p la ce by th e ir re sp ectiv e teach ers
and e v e ry th in g w o r k e d in p e r fe c t o rd e r.
T h e re ce p tio n g iv e n to the. G o v e rn o r by
th e ch ild re n w as v e ry e ffe c tiv e , th ree
h earty ch e e rs and th e w a v in g o f 1200
fla g s b e in g a w e lco m e th a t any m an
m igh t b e p r o u d o f. A fte r th e banquet,
the e s co rt o f L a n cers fo rm e d up o p p o site
the Im p e ria l h o te l u n d e r th e com m a n d
! o f C aptain H u d son . A s so o n as th e G ove
rn o r and h is p a rty w e re sea ted in th eir
m otor, th e short sh a rp w o rd o f com m a n d
cam e fr o m C aptain H u d son “ A tte n tio n !
F o r m — e s c o r t !” a n d th e L a n cers fe ll in -
kto th e ir p r e scrib e d p la ce s a n d th e h is-
|toric p r o ce ssio n s ta rte d fo r th e scen e o f
the fin ish o f th e jo u r n e y o f 100 y ea rs
a sp ecia l c a r b e in g e n g a g e d fo r th e d escen
d ants o f the E x p lo re rs, a ll o f w hom
w ere ch e e r e d as th e y m o to r e d by. F u lly
5000 p e o p le w en t to M ou n t Y o r k to w itness
th e u n v e ilin g c e r e m o n y ; p r o b a b ly th e
greatest m u ltitu d e th a t th e M ou ntain
spu r w ill see u n til th e y ea r 2 0 1 3 . T h e
g rea t ce re m o n y w as c o m p le te d at a b o u t
th e sam e h o u r (5 .3 0 p .m .) in w h ich th e
E x p lorers a rriv e d a t th e s p o t on e h undred
y ea rs a g o. B e lo w , th e H a rtle y V a l­
ley sp rea d its p e a c e fu l fie ld s , and th e
lo n g W e s te rn ro a d s b ra n ch e d th ro u g h th e
V alley to th e d ista n t h ills. T h e sun wen
dow n b eh in d M ou n t B la x la n d . T h e day
w as d o n e ; a p a ra g ra p h in A u stra lia n
h istory h a d been w ritte n and th e b ra v e
had been h on o re d .
AT MOUNT VICTORIA.
T h e V ic e R e g a l p a rty a rriv e d at M ou n t
V icto ria b y sp ecia l train a t 11 o ’c lo c k ,
a b ou t h a lf-a n -h o u r b e h in d tim e. T h e distin
g u ish ed v isito rs in clu d e d H is E x ce l­
len cy th e State G o v e rn o r, S ir G erald
S trick la n d , a tte n d e r b y Capt. T a lb o t, H is
E x ce lle n cy A d m ira l S ir G eorg e K in g H all,
K .C .B . and sta ff, a n d th ey w e re w e lco m ­
ed on a lig h tin g on th e p la tfo r m by Mr.
F ran k W a lk e r , P r e sid e n t o f th e A u stra l­
ian H isto rica l S o cie ty , th e P r e sid e n t o f
the B lu e M ou n ta in S h ire, Cr. J. T . W a ll, j
j the P r e sid e n t o f th e B la x la n d S h ire, Cr. !
i.___j J- W . B e rg h o fe r, th e M a yor o f K a to o m - j

T h e ch ild re n h a v in g su n g “ L et th e
H ills R e s o u n d ,” H is E x ce lle n cy S ir
G erald S trick la n d a d d ressed th e “ b o y s
and g ir ls .” H e sa id he h ad been h o n ­
o red by an in v ita tio n to a d d ress th em on
th e d ay th e y w e re ce le b ra tin g . H e
w ou ld ta k e th e k e y n o te fr o m th e a p ­
peal m a d e t o th em b y M r. R e a y to d o
h o n o r to th em selv es th at d ay, and n o t
on ly th a t d a y b u t e v e ry day. T h e h istory
o f th o se w h o had don e h o n o r to
th em selv es, th e ir co u n try and th e B ritth
e ir b est to r e fle c t h o n o r o n th em selv es,
th eir te a ch e rs a n d co n d u cto rs.
T h e p r o ce e d in g s co m m e n ce d w ith th e
h ym n o f th a n k sg iv in g , “ T h e O ld H u n ­
d r e d th ,” a fte r w h ich M r. W a lk e r said th ey
w ore a ll d e lig h te d to h ave th e ir E x ce lle n ­
cies w ith th em , as th ey w e re a ssem b led
on w h at w ou ld be a m em o ra b le o cca sio n .
T h e ir fu n c tio n h a d begu n w ell. T h ey
had b een fa v o re d w ith d e lig h tfu l w ea th e r
and he w as su re th a t as th e day h ad b e ­
gu n, so it w ou ld con tin u e to th e en d .
H e n ow h ad m u ch p lea su re in a sk in g H is
E x ce lle n cy th e G o v e rn o r to b e k in d en ­
ou g h to n am e th e p a rk . (C h e e r s ).
H is E x ce lle n cy , S ir G erald S trick la n d ,
w ho w as re ce iv e d w ith ch e e rs, said he
had th e h o n o r, by th e in v ita tion o f th e
I com m itte e , to d e d ica te th e p a rk as “ Mt.
V icto ria P a r k ” in p e rp e tu a l co m m e m o ra ­
tion o f th e day, and o f th e even t o f 100
years ago.
THE OBELISK AT MOUNT YORK.
: ba, A id . G eorg e D avies, th e M ayor o f B at
! u rst, A id . R ig b y and o th er m em bers o f
j the C en ten ary C om m ittee. A gu ard o f
h on or w as d raw n up on th e p la tform and
th e R o y a l A rtille ry Band played th e “ N ation
a l A n th e m .” A fte r m a k in g a b rie f in ­
sp ection o f th e gu ard o f h o n o r and also a
d eta ch m en t o f th e A u stralian L an cers, und
e r Capt. E. A . K . H u d son , w hich fo r m ­
ed th e e scort, th eir E x cellen cies and th e (
oth er v isito rs en tered m otors and w ere
driven to th e Im p eria l h o te l, w h ere th e _
rece p tio n to o k p la ce and w h ere, subsequently’,
a la rg e num ber o f th e d escen d ­
ants o f th e E x p lorers w ere in trod u ced .
P rom in en t a m on g st th ese w ere M r. C.
R. B laxland and his d a u g h ter M iss R u th
B laxlan d , M r. F red B laxlan d o f C oom ber,
Mr. E d w in B laxland and Mrs. R. J. A.
R o b e rts, a g ra n d daughter.
T h ese fo rm a litie s o v e r, a m ove w as
m ade fo r the P ark, w h ere the ch ild ren
w ere a lrea d y m assed, fla n k ed by m ilitary
a nd n a v a l cadets. T h e R oyal A rtille ry
band a n d th e L ith g ow band w ere in a t­
ten d a n ce, and, as the d istin g u ish ed v is ­
ito rs m ou n ted th e g a ily -d ecora ted p la t­
fo rm , played th e “ N ational A n th em .” T h e
scen e fro m the fro n t w as an exceed in g ly
im p ressiv e on e as th e vast assem blage
m u st h a v e n u m bered betw een e ig h t and
ten th ou san d persons.
M r. A . E. R e a y , th e co n d u cto r, sp ok e a
fe w w o rd s o f en cou ra g em en t to the ch ild ­
ren , p o in tin g o u t .to th em th e im p ortan ce
o f th e o cca sio n and u rg in g them to d o
WILLIAM COX— T h e fir s t road-makcr.
C h eers w e re th en g iv e n fo r th e ir E x ­
ce lle n cie s th e G o v e rn o r and th e A d m ira l.

( > 2 { > U l v » k 3

29
ish race fro m w hich they had all sp ru ng,
sh ou ld b e an in cen tiv e to th em to d o
th e ir d u ty w ith the h elp and gu id a n ce o f
P rovid en ce. In lea rn in g th eir lesson s
th ey m ig h t th in k it a m atter o f sm all im ­
porta n ce, w h eth er they passed th eir exa
m in a tion s th is year o r next year. A nd
it m ig h t be rem ark ed th a t it was n o t a
m a tter o f su ch great im p orta n ce if the
M ou ntains h ad been crossed at the b e­
gin n in g o f th is cen tu ry, o r n inety years
a g o, o r la ter. B u t it w as, h ow ev er, a
m a tter o f th e grea test im p ortan ce to each
o f th em , and to a n ation and cou n try , to
d o to -d a y at on ce— and w ell, w h a tever
cou ld he don e and n ot p u t it o f f till to ­
m o rro w o r next year o r later. (A p p la u s e ).
T h a t w as th e grea test fe a tu r e o f th e exa
m p le set by B laxland and his collea g u es
in th eir stren u ou s d eterm in a tion to o v ercom
e every ob sta cle a t a ll cost. I f th e
b o y s and g irls fo llo w e d in th e sam e w ay
|th ey w o u ld m eet w ith th e sam e success and
I rew ards. A lth ou g h the B lue M ountains
j had been crossed th ere w ere still m an y
o th e r th in gs to be a ch ieved in life fo r
th em selv es and th eir fa m ilies, th eir
cou n try and th e B ritish race. (C h e e rs).
“ A d v a n ce, A u stra lia F a ir ” w as co n trib ­
uted b y the ch ild ren and was fo llo w e d by
a sele ctio n b y th e band.
GEORGE WILLIAM EVANS,
Surveyor and Discoverer of Bathurst
Plains.
Merriment at Mediow Bath.
E M P IR E D A Y .
T h o u g h F r id a y w as m a rk ed by e x tra illu
m in a tion s, S a tu rd ay w as th e re c o g n is ­
ed E m p ire D ay. It w as a lso th e o p e n ­
in g d a y o f th e w e e k ’s fe stiv ity in c o m ­
m e m o ra tio n o f th e cro ssin g . A t an ea rly
h o u r, y o u n g M e d io w w as astir. A fte r
b e in g a ssem b led and a d d ressed on th e
s u b je c t o f E m p ire D ay— its m ea n in g and I
its m ora ls— th e . ch ild re n w ere e n terta in ­
ed a t “ G le n a ra ,” each ch ild b e in g p re se n t­
ed w ith s o u v e n ir b o o k s . N eed less to
a d d th e d a y w a s h a p p ily spen t b y th e
y o u n g brigade-
In th e e v e n in g , th e C asino at th e H y ­
d ro M a je stic w as th e scen e o f a fin e en ­
te rta in m e n t, th e fo llo w in g c o n tr ib u tin g to
th e h a rm on y — M isses M a cD on ald , C liffo
rd , M u sg rove, M essrs N eill, M oore and
M aster L oosen .
A b o u t 75 to u rists p u t in a d a y h ere o v e r
th e w eek en d , th e. m a jo r ity g o in g o u t to
J e n ola n C aves.
C E N T E N A R Y C E L E B R A T IO N S .
T h e r e s i d e n t s o f M e d i o w B a t h w o r k e d h a r d
t o f i t t i n g l y c e le b r a t e t h e ir p a r t in t h e C e n t e n ­
a r y , a n d t h e p r e t t y l i t t l e t o w n s h i p w a s o n e o l
t h e m o s t p i c t u r e s q u e o n t h e M o u n t a i n s . T h e
o w n e r o f t h e H y d r o M a j e s t i c , a s w e ll a s v i s i ­
t o r s t o t h a t f a r -f a m e d r e s o r t , e n t e r e d i n t o t h e
p r o je c t o f t h e lo c a l r e s i d e n t s w ith s p i r i t , a n d
m u c h o f t h e s u c c e s s t h a t a t t e n d e d t h e f u n c ­
t i o n s a t M e d i o w B a t h w a s d u e t o M r a n d M r s
M a r k F o y , a b ly a s s i s t e d b y M r G . L o o s e n ,
t h e m a n a g e r . T h e m a i n c e r e m o n y o f t h e d a y
w a s t h e l a y i n g o f t h e f o u n d a t i o n s t o n e o f a
m e m o r i a l d r i n k i n g f o u n t a in s u b s c r ib e d f o r b y
th e p e o p le . T h e S t a t e P r e m ie r , M r J a s . M c ­
G o w a n , p e r f o r m e d t h e c e r e m o n y , a n d in t h e
c o u r s e o f h is r e m a r k s s a id it w a s a v e r y a p p r o
p r ia t e w a y t o h o n o r t h e m e m o r y o f t h e E x ­
p l o r e r s , b e c a u s e it w a s t h r o u g h t h e w a n t o f
w a t e r t h a t t h e y w e r e i n d u c e d t o s e e k t h e r o a d
o v e r t h e M o u n t a i n s a s a n o u t le t fo r t h e s e t t l e
m e n t . T h e e x t e n t o f t h e p e o p l e ’ s o b l i g a t i o n
t o t h e e n t e r p r is e a n d c o u r a g e o f t h e E x p l o r e r s
c o u ld n o t b e o v e r -e s t i m a t e d .
B e n e a t h t h e s t o n e w a s p la c e d a n o r i g i n a l
o d e b y M r G . R y a n , o f M a n l y , a n d a c o p y o f
t h e “ B lu e M o u n t a i n E c h o . ”
a d d r e s s w a s a v e r y f in e o n e .
T h e P r e m i e r 's
T h e s p e c ia l p r iz e f o r t h e d e c o r a t e d m o t o r
c a r w a s w o n b y M r s M a r k F o y , w i t h a. c a r
b e a u t i f u lly f e s t o o n e d w i t h w is te r ia b l o o m s .
T h r o u g h o u t t h e d a y , t h e c a r w a s q u it e a f e a ­
t u r e , a l l a l o n g t h e r o u te .

I n t h e e v e n i n g a g r a n d b a ll w a s h e ld in t h e
C a s in o , t h e g r o u n d s o f t h e H o t e l M a je s t ic
b e i n g a b la z e o f g l o r y w ith c o s t ly c o lo r e d
e le c t r i c i llu m i n a n t s a n d f a n c y fir e w o r k s .
A t t h e s u p p e r , w h ic h w a s s e r v e d in a m a n ­
n e r in k e e p i n g w i t h t h e b e s t tr a d it io n s o f t h e
g r e a t h o u s e , t h e P r e m ie r , M . J . M c G o w a n ,
p r e s id e d . A f t e r t h e l o y a l t o a s t , t h e f o l lo w i n g
w e r e h o n o r e d .— “ T h e d a y w e c e l e b r a t e ,”
p r o p o s e d b y M r D . R . H a l l, M in is t e r fo r J u s ­
t i c e , ” a n d a c k n o w le d g e d b y M r E . S . C a r r ,
M . H . R . “ T h e lo c a l c o m m i t t e e ,’ ’ a b ly p r o ­
p o s e d b y M r C . C a r m ic h a e l, M in is t e r fo r E d u ­
c a t io n . I n d e a li n g g e n e r a lly w ith t h e c e le b r a :
t i o n s , t h e M i n i s t e r p a id a h i g h c o m p li m e n t to
t h e w o r k e r s a l l a l o n g t h e l i n e , a n d t o t h e u n ­
d o u b t e d e n t h u s ia s m d i s p la y e d b y t h e p e o p le .
H e a ls o v o i c e d a d e s e r v i n g e u lo g y t o M r a n d
M r s F o y o n t h e s u c c e s s o f M e d l o w ’ s c e le b r a ­
t i o n s .
M e s s r s W . A . T u c k e r a n d M r W S u t t o n r e ­
s p o n d e d . T h e f o r m e r a p p e a le d fo r a g r a n t
fo r t h e lo c a l m e m o r i a l , a n d M r S u t to n c o n ­
c lu d e d a h a p p y s p e e c h b y p r o p o s i n g t h e t o a s t
o f t h e h o s t, a n d h o s t e s s , M r a n d M r s M a r k
F o y , t h e b u m p e r b e in g a c k n o w le d g e d in a
j o c u l a r v e i n .
Hazelbrook Celebrations.
p re se n te d w ith a to y m em en to. A la rg e
b o n fir e w a s lit a t 6 o ’c lo c k . T h is w as
p repare d b y M r. H a rrison a n d a ffo r d e d
m u ch d e lig h t to th e y o u n g ste rs. T h e fo l
lo w in g w e re th e p rize w in n ers a t th e
r a c e s :—
G irls, 14 yearB a n d o v e r : G. M ood y 1,
L . A d a m s 2.
L a d ies e g g and s p o o n ra ce : M iss H a rris 1,
L . A d a m s 2.
N ail d r iv in g (F ir s t prize o a k tr a y p r e ­
sen ted by M r. G. G a r r e t t ): M iss
C h ap m an 1, M rs. H u n d t 2.
P en n y p o lish in g i M iss P rie stly 1, M iss
M on a gh a n 2. (F ir s t p rize Set o f
ca rv e rs p r e se n te d by L e v e r B r o s ).
|B oy s, 14 y ea rs a n d o v e r : — F in n ey 1, N.
F o y 2.
H o p , step and ju m p : N. F o y 1, L. S teph ­
en s 2.
M ens sa ck ra ce : M. N oon an 1, W . C o lle tt
2.
K ic k in g th e fo o t b a ll: A. S ch o u le r 1.
V e te ra n s ra ce : J. S ch o u le r 1.
T h re a d a n d N eedle ra ce : — C am p bell 1,
— C oh en 2.
75 y a rd s S p rint C h a m p io n sh ip : V . L e v ­
itt 1, M. N o o n a n 2.
H ap py H a z e lb ro o k w as n ot behind hand
in h o n o rin g th e C en ten ary o f th e E x­
p lo r e rs’ g rea t fe a t, and, d esp ite the opp o­
sition o f th e elem ents, th e d isp lay refle
cte d th e h ig h est c re d it on the tow n .
On Saturd ay, M essrs. F in n ey and C larke,
w ith assistants, d ecora ted the sta tion , but
th e d o w n p o u r on S unday d estroyed the
g o o d w ork . On th e fo llo w in g m orn in g the
la d ies to o k a hand in re sto rin g the ru in ­
ed w o rk , and by n ig h tfa ll h ad ev ery th in g
lo o k in g v ery b e a u tifu l. T h e gales o f
T u esd a y w ere to o m uch f o r th e banner erected
by M rs. T u rn er on the B ath urst
ro a d , so it w as rem oved and placed on
th e sta tion lam p room . On T u esday
a fte rn o o n , th e s ch o o l ch ild ren m arch ed
to M rs. A . H . S ch o u le r’s resid en ce,, “ O chil
H ills ,” w h ere th ey w ere treated to re ­
fresh m en ts. G ath ered a rou n d th e U nion
J a ck , th e fla g w as u n fu rle d du rin g the
sin g in g o f “ T h e O ld H u n d re d th .” R a ces
and va riou s o th e r sports w ere then ca r­
ried ou t on a g o o d track m ade fo r th e o c ­
ca sion by M essrs C alder and C ollett. A n
address w as a fte rw a rd s d eliv ered by Mr.
S ch ou ler, a n d tea w as served by a c o m ­
m ittee o f la d ies in ch a rg e o f M esdam es
C ollett, T u rn e r and M orrow . Mr. L ig -
gin s ca te red e ffe c tiv e ly and m et w ith
m u ch praise. A t the co n clu sio n o f the
sp orts p rogra m m e , each little on e w as
ARNOLD RIGBY, Mayor of Bathurst.

Celebrations at Blackheath.
The Chain of Bon Fires,
T h ou g h business at th e ’H eath has n ot been
all that the g o o d people w ou ld have w ished
during the past m onth the slum p in no wav
dam pened either the spirits or the enterprise
o f the tow n sp eop le in their effort to place on
record their honor for the E m pire or their
appreciation o f and gratitude to the E xp lorers.
As allegiance to Mount V ictoria was sw orn, it
was agreed that the local centenary celebrations
be m erged in with E m pire Day festivities.
Consequently the tow n was gay w ith
bunting and evergreens w hen E m pire Day
dawned. H eaded by the Blackheath brass
band, th e schoolch ild ren , under M r. Laws
(h ea d -tea ch er), m arched through the p rin cipal
streets to the public hall, w here they made
a picture that th e M ountains m ight w ell be
proud of.
M r. H . J. C ollier occn p ied the chair and
after a short speech introduced the R ev. M r.
Bowers o f St. A id an 's C hurch w ho addressed
the ch ild ren , en forcin g on them the duty of
loyalty to their K in g and country. H e was
follow ed by M r. G . A. Cow ie (Presbyterian)
and th e R ev. J. M orrison (B aptist) w ho addressed
the ch ildren in m uch the same strain
as also d id the Jhead-master, M r. Laws.
Cheers w ere then given for the K in g and th e
E xp lorers.
An adjourn m en t was then m ade to the
m otor cars in w aiting into w hich the children
clim bed and w ere driven to Little Blackheath
where the picn ic and sports w ere held.
A sp len did program m e had been arranged
for the day and the yuungsters had a rattling
good tim e. T h e tow n speople responded
heartily. L u ncheon was provided and was
follow ed by tea at 5 o ’clo ck , aftei w hich they
were brou ght safely back to Blackheath where
they w ere given a free entertainm ent in
B lack’ s Picture Palace, the accom m odation o f
w hich was taxed to the fullest extent. A p r o ­
gram m e o f pictures in keeping with the o c ­
casion was exhibited, and som e excellen t
m usic o f an appropriate nature was supplied
by the B lackheath Orchestral S ociety. M r.
Black and the orchestra earned the hearty
thanks o f all present for their w ork.
T h e bon-fire and fireworks w hich were post-
[ poned till the n ight o f the Centenary were
very successful, but the beauty from afar was
spoilt by the heavy mist.
T o f u l f i l h e r s h a r e o f M r . P a d l e y ’ s
s c h e m e f o r a c h a i n e f b o n f i r e s o v e r t h e
M o u n t a i n s a n d p l a i n s f r o m P a r r a m a t t a t o
O r a n g e , K a t o o m b a m a d e g r e a t p r e p a r a t i o n
b u t t h e M a i d o f t h e .M i s t s t h r e w h e r
m a n t l e o v e r t h e h i l l s , e f f e c t i v e l y d i m ­
m i n g t h e g l o r y o f t h e f i r e k i n g . A l t h o u g h
t h e d a y h a d b e e n b e a u t i f u l l y c l e a r a n d
b r i g h t , t h e t r a i n s r e t u r n e d f r o m M o u n t
V i c t o r i a t h r o u g h a s l i g h t h a z e w h i c h w i t h
t h e c o m i n g o f n i g h t t h i c k e n e d a n d i n t e n ­
s i f i e d i n t o a t y p i c a l M o u n t a i n m i s t
t h r o u g h w h i c h l o o m e d , l i k e g l o w w o r m s ,
w i t h a h a l o , t h e h u n d r e d s o f C h i n e s e l a n ­
t e r n s h u n g b e f o r e p r i v a t e r e s i d e n c e s a n d
a c r o s s t h e m a i n s t r e e t s . A t a n e a r l y
h o u r o f t h e e v e n i n g , M e s s r s . H u d s o n , P a n -
n e ll a n d H e n d r y s a w t o t h e i g n i t i o n o f
t h e g r e a t p i l e o f t i m b e r w h i c h w a s t o
f o r m o u r l i n k i n t h e g r e a t c h a i n o f b l a z ­
i n g b e a c o n s . F u l l y 2000 p e o p l e w e n t i n ­
t o t h e p a r k t o s e e t h e b o n f i r e a n d t h e
; f i r e w o r k s , b u t s o d e n s e w a s t h e m i s t t h a t
! o n e h a d t o g o w i t h i n t w e n t y y a r d s o f t h e
b u r n i n g p i l e t o b e s u r e i t w a s b u r n i n g .
A t c l o s e q u a r t e r s t h e f i r e w a s m o r e in
e v i d e n c e b y i t s h e a t t h a n b y i t s b r i l l i a n c y .
G r e a t r o c k e t s w e r e s e n t a l o f t , b u t a p a r t
f r o m t h e r o a r a n d h i s s o f t h e d e p a r t i n g
p y r o t e c h n i c t r a v e l l e r s , n o t h i n g w a s s e e n
o f t h e m a f t e r t h e y h a d r i s e n t w e n t y f e e t .
T r u l y t h e y w e r e b o r n t o “ b u s t ” u n s e e n .
A f t e r a n h o u r ’ s a t t e m p t t o l i g h t u p t h e
i n s c r u t a b l e w ith l i m e l i g h t , a n d w h e n
m a n y e y e s h a d p e e r e d i n t o t h e i m p e n d i n g
g l o o m i n s e a r c h o f t h e l i g h t s o n d i s t a n t
h i l l s , t h e p r o j e c t w a s “ g i v e n b e s t ” a n d
t h e r e m a i n s o f a s e l e c t l o t o f s a l t p e t r e
g o o d s s t a c k e d a w a y f o r a f i n e n i g h t . A l l
o t h e r M o u n t a i n t o w n s d i d l i k e w i s e .

32
CROSSING OF THB MOJN-
T A IM
DISC O V ER Y OF BATHURST
PLAINS.
M R . W A L K E R ’ S L E C T U R E .
M r . F r a n k W a l k e r , P r e s id e n t o f th e
H is t o r ic a l S o c ie t y , w a s lis t e n e d to in ­
t e n t ly in t h e M a s o n i c H a ll la s t n i g h t o n
t h e o c c a s io n o f h is le c tu r e o n “ T h r
F i r s t C r o s s i n g o f t h e B lu e M o u n t a i n s .’ ’
M r . W a lk e r i llu s tr a te d h is t h e m e w ith
v a lu a b le la n t e r n s lid e s .
D r . T . A . M a c h a t t i e p r e s id e d in th e
a b s e n c e o f t h e M a y o r .
A f t e r t r a c i n g t h e s t u p e n d o u s w o r k o f
B la x la n d , L a w s o n , a n d W e n t w o r t h , M r .
W a lk e r t o u c h e d u p o n th e s u b s e q u e n t
d is c o v e r y o f th e B a t h u r s t P la i n s a n d th e
fo r m a t io n o f a r o a d o v e r t h e m o u n t a in s
to t h e f u t u r e Q u e e n C ity o f t h e W e s t .
“ S u r v e y o r G e o r g e W i llia m E v a n s , ”
h e r e m a r k e d , “ w a s s e n t o u t w ith in ­
s t r u c t io n s to f o l lo w B la x la n d ’ s tr a il to
its t e r m i n a t i o n o n th e m o u n t a i n t-hat
h e a s c e n d e d , a n d th e n to c o n t in u e e x ­
p lo r a tio n w e s t w a r d a s f a r a s h e p o s s ib ly
c o u ld . W h e n E v a n s r e tu r n e d a n d p r e ­
s e n t e d h i s r e p o r t n o tim e w a s lo s t b y
M a c q u a r i e in f o r m i n g h is p la n s fo r th e
c o n s t r u c t io n o f a r o a d a c r o s s t h e m o u n ­
t a in s . I t w a s h is d a r li n g s c h e m e , a n d ,
e n e r g e t i c a n d r e s o u r c e fu l a s h e w a s
n o t a s k w a s to o b i g fo r h im . I n t h f
n ic k o f t im e c a m e t h e m a g n a n i m o u s o f ­
f e r o f W i ll i a m C o x , o f C la r e n d o n , a
p e r s o n a l fr ie n d o f M a c q u a r i e ’ s , t o s u ­
p e r in t e n d t h e c o n s t r u c t io n o f t h e ro a d
T h e o ffe r w a s a c c e p t e d w ith a la c r it y ,
a n d o n J u ly 1 8 , 1 8 1 4 , t h e w o r k w a s
c o m m e n c e d . T h e p r o g r e s s o f t h is w o n ­
d e r fu l r o a d f r o m d a y to d a y m a y b e
t r a c e d in C o x 's e x c e lle n t jo u r n a l , f a i t h ­
f u l l y a n d m e t h o d i c a lly k e p t f r o m s ta r t
to fin is h . I t r e c o r d s h o w , in t h e s h t r t
s p a c e o f s ix m o n t h s , a c a r r ia g e -r o a d ic o
m ile s in l e n g t h , c o m p le t e w ith b r id g e s ,
c u lv e r t s , e m b a n k m e n t s , a n d a ll th e
lit t le e t c e t e r a s o f s u c h a n u n d e r t a k in g ,
w a s a c c o m p lis h e d , w ith o u t th e l o s s o f a
s i n g l e m a n , o r t h e in flic t io n o f s e r io u s
i n ju r y u p o n a n y o n e o f C o x ’ s n u m e r o u s
w o r k i n g p a r ty . I t w a s w ith o u t d o u b t
th e g r e a t e s t e n g in e e r i n g f e a t , t a k i n g
e v e r y t h i n g in t o a c c o u n t , t h a t h a s e v e r
b e e n a t t e m p t e d in A u s t r a lia , a n d fo r
u p w a r d s o f 2 6 y e a r s it c a r r ie d
t h e v o lu m e o f tr a ffic b e tw e e n
S y d n e y a n d B a t h u r s t . P o r t io n s o f
it s t i ll r e m a in , a n d p r o v e b y th e ir
p r e s e n t c o n d i t io n th e s u b s t a n t i a l n a ­
tu r e o f t h e w o r k .
“ In th e e a r ly t h ir t ie s t h e c o n d it io n o f
th e o ld r o a d c a lle d f o r s o m e d r a s t i c a t ­
t e n t io n , a n d M a j o r (a f t e r w a r d s S ir T h o ­
m a s ) M i t c h e l l w a s e n t r u s t e d w ith t h e
w o r k o f r e f o r m i n g it. H e s u r v e y e d n e w
lin e s , r e d u c e d t h e m a n y s e v e r e g r a d e s ,
c u t t i n g o u t w h o le s e c t io n s o f C o x ’ s o r i g ­
in a l w o r k , a n d s o t h e r e w a s g r a d u a l l y
b u ilt u p t h e p r e s e n t W e s t e r n -r o a d ,
w h ic h e v e r y y e a r is u n d e r g o i n g a l t e r a ­
t io n s a n d r e - g r a d i n g s . P r is o n e r s w o i k -
i n g in c h a in s w e r e e m p l o y e d f o r y e a r s
u p o n M i t c h e l l ’ s -r o a d , a n d th e m any
i g r u e s o m e r e m i n d e r s o f t h e a w f u l ; ' s v b -
! t e m ,” in th e Bhape o f “ d a r k c e l l s ,”
c o n v ic t e n c a m p m e n t s , f l o g g i n g s t o n e s ,
a n d g r i m s t o n e b u i l d i n g s o f a p a s t a g e ,
a re still e x t a n t a l o n g t h e c o u r s e o f t h is
h is t o r ic h i g h w a y . L o n e l y g r a v e s o f th e
u n w illin g la b o r e r s a n d t h e ir g u a r d s ,
a re m e t h e r e a n d t h e r e , r e m i n i s c e n t o f
t h e t im e s w h e n t h e m i li t a r y w e r e c h ie fly
e m p lo y e d in t h e w o r k o f g u a r d i n g th e
p r is o n e r s a t t h e ir w o r k . O ld in n s , s o m e
o f t h e m t r a n s f o r m e d in a p p e a r a n c e , sr.d
d o i n g d u t y a s b o a r d i n g e s t a o h s h n i.’.n i-s,
still lin e th e r o a d , a n d i f s t o n e s < o u ld
s p e a k , w h a t f a s c i n a t i n g t a l e s cr.u ld
t h e y u n f o ld o f t h e c o a c h i n g a n d l -u t h -
r a n g i n g d a y s , o f t h e m o t l e y t h r o n g s
th a t p a s s e d a n d r e p a s s e d t h e m o n th e ir
w a y to th e g o l d f i e l d , a n d o f t h e lo n e ly
d a y s a n d n i g h t s , w h e n t h e p r in c ip a l
a n d o n ly e v e n t w a s t h e a r r iv a l a n d r e -
p a r tu r e o f t h e d a ily c o a c h .
“ T h e c e n t e n a r y c e le b r a t io n s u.re d e ­
s ig n e d to h o n o r t h o s e b r a v e m e n w h o , '
a c e n t u r y a g o , r e lie v e d t h e ir c m n t r y
f r o m its d ir e n e c e s s i t i e s , a n d h v th e ir
c o u r a g e a n d d e t e r m in a t io n s u c c e e d e d
in t h e c o n q u e s t o f th e m o u n t a i n s , w h ic h
f o r s o m a n y y e a r s h a d f o r m e d a n i m ­
p a s s a b le b a r r ie r t o f u r t h e r p r o g .t s s a n d
p r o s p e r it y . T h e i r p a t r i o t i s m a n d d e ­
v o t io n t o w h a t t h e y b e lie v e d to b e t h e ir
d u t y , n o t o n ly s o lv e d a m o m e n t o u s
p r o b le m in t h e ir t i m e , b u t h a s m a l e
p o s s ib le th e m a n y a d v a n t a g e s w e c n j jy
a t t h e p r e s e n t d a y . T h e i r s u c c e s s H e lp ­
e d t h o u s a n d s o f A u s t r a l i a ’ s s o as to
fo u n d h o m e s a n d f a m i li e s a n d f o r t u n e s 1
in t h e n e w E l D o r a d o o f t h e w e s t . I t (
a ls o w a s i n s t r u m e n t a l in c h a n g i n g a ;
s m a ll s t r ip o f t e r r i t o r y i n t o t h e v a s t - '
n e s s o f a c o n t in e n t , a n d in m a k i n g I
a v a ila b le f o r s e t t l e m e n t h u n d r e d s o f
t h o u s a n d s o f a c r e s o f l a n d , w h e r e n o w
a r e t h r i v i n g t o w n s a n d h o m e s t e a d s , a n d
w h e r e s h e e p a n d c a t t le in t h e ir m i llio n f
f in d a b u n d a n t p a s t u r a g e . I t c h a n g e d
A u s t r a l i a ’ s d e s t i n y , a n d le d h e r in t o r
t h e u p w a r d p a t h o f p r o g r e s s a n d p r o s - fc
p e r it y , f r o m w h ic h s h e h a s n e v e r d e - c

33 T\
r t e d .”
At the instance of Dr. M achattie an
clam atory v ote of thanks was carried
lecturer, who briefly responded.
— -
---------------
" ■‘'• '■'I
GROUP OF REPRESENTATIVE MEN AT THE FIRST MEETING

J/te fireur/ent and ^cmnnitfee
t/ ie
72^
^ je .'T ife T b C L 'i'-y - ^ t e / e & w a t i c m
y 7 t/ ie
l / e & / a e ^ / / fo u 'n ta i'M
r e iju e it fA e / ite a te iv e o j?
___________ __________________________ ____
^ c m f i a n y
a / W ov& , i i c t o r i a ,
on,
" f t e d n e i d a i f , t y t f a y 2 8 t / , 4 9 1 3 .
RSV.P. S A M WILSON } Joint
b y io t n m a y . 19 13
A. S. R E D F E R N ) Hon. Secs.

^ //ie 0 v e U ( /e n t a /n d ^ m n /m itfe e
//te
72b
^ / o e 'n t e n c L W 'y w e / e & v a fa m A
Protein

777/j - / % o / o s k m fa A e n < */ > A ff.K c/ona,, o,-* TVed^e-crJay x A / t * y / J / 3
/0r> or /o arr/iS/t? /At, C/oylerno r
y7te./(a*cre< ? />* //u > /o reyro «*u ) a r e -o *
£ 7raZ/&r.-.ffresrtie.
< ?« / A t r t f A S - d ,«* t.c t 77o r X fy . r f& r fk o / e r . C a r t e r o / r fr T e n / e v u ty

CROSSING OF THE MOUNTAINS.
GREGORY BLAXLAND’S JOURNAL.
It is just 100 years ago this month since
Blaxland, Lawson, and W entw orth accom ­
plished the task o f scaling the Blue M ountains,
and thus opened up a w ay to the
interior of the continent. The centenary of
that great event is to be celebrated at
Mount York on the 2Sth inst. G regory
Blaxland was the originator and leader of
the m em orable expedition, and his Journal
o f the tour, which has been issued in book
form , com es as a very seasonable publication.
It has been produced under the editorship
o f Mr. F rank W alker, president of
the Australian H istorical Society, and will
prove an instructive little volum e to those
interested in mountain exploration. A fe a ­
ture o f the work that will be much appreciated
is the m arginal notes with which
num erous passages o f the Journal have been
annotated by Mr. W alker. The book is
liberally supplied with illustrations, including
portraits o f Blaxland, Law son, and
W entw orth, besides a num ber of view s
typical of the rugged nature o f the country
that had to be traversed by the explorers,
and a plan show ing the route which they
follow ed.
Now that the centenary of the crossing of
• h ij.
the Mountains is close upon us, an interesting'
little book, edited by Mr. Frank Walker, pre-,
I U v ro
/ C f/ 3 .
sident of the Australian Historical Society,
makes an opportune appearance. This is “ A
Journal of a Tour of Discovery Across the Blue
Mountains,” by Gregory Blaxland. To the
I >
uninitiated the references and directions of
this journal would convey nothing, but Mr.!
Walker explains them, and gives an account
cf the hardships and struggles which the explorers
endured before they saw from Mount
! York the plains of Hartley spreading below
them. The secret of their success was, of
i course, that they kept to the high ground, and
followed the natural line of the main ridge,;
which still supplies the only practicable
Iroute. Indeed, to this very day, as Mr. W alker
shows by a map, the great Western Road'
^follows substantially the same track as did!
|the expedition, until the “ Marked Tree” was|
; reached. From there they continued almost
due west, straight to Mount York, while the
Iroad and railway line bends southward. Mr.
Walker is to be congratulated on an excellent
-little volume, which acquires additional
■interest since in a few days’ time—May 28,
; to be exact—the centenary of the arrival at
Mount York will be the occasion of a general
i| celebration on the Mountains. fS. T. Leigh.)__),
CROSSING THE MOUNTAINS.
-------- -------------
PREPARING FOR CELEBRATIONS
GREAT CHAIN OF BONFIRES.
KATO O M BA, M onday.
A m eeting of the board o f control was held,
at K atoom ba on Saturday, Mr. F rank W alk er
presiding. Progress reports were read, sh ow ­
ing that m atters in connection with the celebrations
on the 28th inst. were in a forw ard
state, and the m eeting was advised o f the
various arrangem ents that had been m ade
for the reception and entertainm ent o f visitors.
Transit m atters were exhaustively
dealt with, and the executive w as em pow ered
to make final arrangem ents w ith regard to
motor and vehicle traffic.
The architect reported that the pavilion
was in a forw ard state, and he anticipated
that the building would be com pleted su f­
ficiently to admit o f the cerem ony of dedication
and unveiling on the day oif the celebrations.
The organising secretary gave details
o f the program m e arranged fo r the d a y ’s
ceremonies, which were approved. M atters in
connection with children's dem onstration
also were dealt with.
All the mountain towns will be decorates
by day and illuminated at night on the 2Sth.
It was reported that the proposed chain o f
bonfires, from Em u Plains to Bathurst, was
well advanced in detail-, the w ork h aving
been taken up in the various centres w ith
great enthusiasm. The next m eeting o f the
com m ittee will be held at Mt. V ictoria on
Saturday, when the opportunity will be taken
to inspect the various w orks in progress at
Mt. York.
OUR BENEFACTORS.
TO THE EDITOR.
Sir,—Referring to a recently mooted proposition to
erect a suitable memorial of the great services of Governor
Macquarie to Australia, your recent article would,
no doubt, be welcome to many of your readers. It
should be welcome to every patriotic Australian.
Going back to a still earlier period than that of Macquarie,
there stands out the great name of Sir Joseph
Banks, the companion of the world-famous navigator,
Cook, and himself a world-famous botanist, whose
private wealth enabled him to exercise his natural generosity
in furtherance of the science to which he devoted
a long life. He it was who first interested the people of
the Mother-country in a then unknown land, i.r.d, beyond
dout*, materially hastened the coming of the first settlement
in Australia—a settlement in which he took a warm
and active interest to his latest days.
Why have we no worthy monuments to those distinguished
men? We have statues of Cook, of Phillip, first
Governor of New South Wales; of the “ Good Governor,”
Bourke; of the admirable Dailey, and of that distini
I

7 - 6 £ > I a a |

guished statesman, Sir John Kobertson; brat where is any
statue of Wentworth, who devoted so much of a strenuous
life, and gained for his native land the freedom we
now enjoy; and where any memorial to Sir Henrv Parkes,
the greatest, perhaps, of Australian statesmen?
Let us begin the good work. Let us in the first plane
set up amidst suitable surroundings worthy memorials
of Banks and Macquarie, and, ere long, also of those distinguished
Australians who lived and labored in later
years, so that generations yet unborn may see and learn.
Surely of the irrmense wealth of the Mother-State, a
very minute fraction might be readily devoted to such
purpose.—Yours, etc.,
J.Y.G.
October 18.
(Our correspondent is evidently not aware that a movement
for a memorial to Sir Joseph Banks was started in
Sydney some time ago.. Mr. Maiden, the secretary, informs
us that the sum in hand is now about £300, and
that he will be glad to acknowledge any donations to
increase this.—Ed. “ D.T.” )

a *7

38
T H E people o]
the Central - n>est
are about to celebrate
at Bathurst
t h e hundredth
anniversary of the
discovery
by George William
Evans of the rich
lands which he
named the O ’Connell,
Macquarie,
a n d Bathurst
Plains. Evans, who
Was Deputy Surveyor
- General of
the Colony, had
been instructed by
Governor M acquarie
to follow up
the discoveries of
Blaxland's expedition,
which had
turned back on
|reaching the summit
of the mountain
named after the
|leader. Evans (who
Was accompanied
by two free men
and three prisoner5)
started out
°n November 20,
1813, and accomplished
h i s
t a s l( admirably.
Penetrating the unknown
country to
o point 98 J miles
from Mount Blaxand.
His experi-
|ences are recounted
The
Centenary
of the
Western Plains.
1813 = 1913.
in his Diary, which
we publish on another
page. In
that journal he expresses
his surprise
and delight as mile
after mile o f magnificent
country
continues to unfold
itself before his
eyes. H e realises
that no longer need
the infant settlement
fear starvation,
and indulges
in prophetic visions
of what the future
has in store for the
young colony as a
result of the conquering
of t h e
mountains and the
discovery of a vast
area of fertile
land. From a formerly
narrow iirip
of territory,
bounded on the one
side by the waters
of the Pacific, and
on the other
j by a hitherto un-
I approachable rangz
of lofty mountains,
the colony
suddenly expanded
into greatness,
and the western
boundary w a s
pushed backward
to what seemed an
incredible extent.
(^ S y c Z ls t C y J W Z u / T ’ . * /y 'o n / 2 / p / 3j

E V A N S ’S C R O W N , N E A R T A R A N A .
On December 1st, 1813, Evans stood on this remarkable outcrop of rock, and got his first glimpse of the plains on the distant edge
of which the City of Bathurst was eventually to stand.

'r / a / ^ e / P e s / c & r t r / s u ?
[n connection with the forthcoming celebrations to mark the 100th anniversary
of the settlement of the Bathurst district, the Diary of George William Evans,
Deputy Surveyor-General, who discovered the fertile plains in 1813, is of especial
interest. The Diary is addressed to Governor Macquarie, who had directed Evans
to explore the unknown country west of Mount Blaxland—the terminal point of
the expedition of Blaxland, Lawson, and Wentworth.
/JL. //. /3
GOVERNOR MACQUARIE,
I Lnder whose instructions'Evans fol
|Wed up the discoveries of lilaxland.
WILLIAM COX,
Who supervised the construction of
the first road over the Blue Mountains.
George William Evans,
To whom Is due the credit for the discovery of the Western Plains 100 years ago. He was the first
white man to make the entire passage from east to west of the Blue Mountains.

4 2 8?
C e r t / c n a r / 0/ ? t i e ? fe < r / a r /7 7 y < T / fts
Centenary of the Western
Plains.------- ^ n tn s 'JPcar/- .
Friday, November 19, 1813.
DIRECTED the provisions and other necessaries to be
conveyed across the Nepean to the NE pointt of Forest
Land, commonly called Emu Island, which was done,
[tiid by the time that everything was arranged evening approached.
Saturday. November 20.
^HE night was most uncomfortable, and the morning
being wet prevented our departing so early as I
lieant. Feeling anxious to proceed, I made up my mind
lo make the best of our way to the end of the mountains,
|nd on my return to measure the distance of Messrs.
ittaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson’s Teeeut excursion,
appeared to me that while the horses were fresh it was
plan likely to meet with your approbation, as I could
lien refresh them on good grass, and take my time in
Ixploring to the westward, which I conceived the object
If the greatest importance. On returning, should I not
l^ve sufficient provisions to subsist on, to complete
Measuring the track of the above-named gentleman, I
j°uld send in a man and horse to meet me with a small
p p ly . On halting this day I was happy I arranged it
my labour would have been lost, in consequence of
lames Burns having several times mistaken his former
Tack. I cannot make any estimate of the distance, therefre
shall defer entering into particulars with respect to
nature of the country, except that the two last miles,
as near as I can form an idea, was through
a ridge of forest land, good grass, and found
some water, where I mean to remain tha
night. All much fatigued.
T
Sunday, November 21.
HE morning very much overcast, with a
thick fog. However, I had the horses
loaded, and travelled on, mostly on ridges
overrun with brush. At about 11 o’clock 1
passed the pile of stones alluded to by the
former party. Soon after we were on a very
high hill, which was clear of mist, but to
my great disappointment the country to the
eastward being covered with vapour, I could
not be satisfied with the prospect which must
have presented .itself had the weather been
clear. We made the best of our way on, and
halted at 2 o’clock.
Monday, November 22.
HE weather bad. Determined to proceed.
T We loaded the horses, when one of them
turned stubborn, having lain down and rolled
several times over his load. He at length
became steady. Our track was through a
thick brush. At 9 o’clock we were on a very
high mountain, but could not see any of the
low country. It is now disagreeable travelling.
The brush is so very thick, and the
surface of the ridges is covered with pieces
of sharp granite, intermixed with quartz.
The horses seemed to step with caution. We
. stopped at 1 o’clock where there was a spacious
valley, covered with grass and rushes,
a stream of water running through it. On
opening our baggage I found the bottles of
medicines broken.
T
Tuesday, November 23.
HE night was excessively wet, and continues
so. I was necessitated to move,
as we could not keep in a fire or get bark
to make a hut. It rained hard most of th•»
day. Am much afraid some of our bread will
! be spoiled. The track is still through a
brush, much the same as yesterday. The v a l­
leys on my right, which are numerous, lead
to ravines. They are clear of trees and
covered with rushes. The holes or drains in
the centre are full of good water. At 3
o’clock we halted, the weather rather clear.
No sooner were we comfortable and dry than
one of the severest storms came on I ever
witnessed. It put out our fire in an instant,
and beat in our hut upon us. At 5 o’clock
the wind became strong and cleared the elements.
Wednesday, November 24.
E all rested well, which was a preservation to us,
W not having done so since our departure, and which
we felt the effects of, as nothing could be procured for
shelter but green boughs that were not sufficient to screen
us from rain. We start quite refreshed. At 9 o’clock
came to the end of the range, from which the prospect is
extensive and gives me sanguine hopes. The descent is
rugged and steep. I stowed away here a week’s provisions
in some hollow cliffs in hopes of it being sufficient
for our use back from this place. It was 12 o’clock when
we got into a valley of good feed, and appears a fine part
of the country. I have no doubt but the points of the
ridges or bluffs to the NW and S (the country seems to
open in the form of this angle) are the termination of
what is called the Blue Mountains, and that we are now
over them. At 10 o’clock I stopped on the bank of a
riverlett,* which is a rapid stream from the north-east,
its course springing from the very high mountains. Tho
two dogs went off after game without success, and came
to us severely cut.
* Evans intended to wnte “ rivulet,” hence the name “ River Lett”
has been retained to the present day. In the day’s record for November
26 he drops into another form in describing this stream, and here
calls it River Lett.
Thursday, November 25.
HE horses appeared fatigued, therefore determined on
T remaining this day where we are, being abundance
ex- T r 'a r u T a r y C r A e n
& S T 'a Z S ifer'.

J 2 7 / a r r/ C / ir o r t? * , / '/ / / / ta / rt f r a n c s .
C

q o C M a w k ]

J27c*t7y 7f/77ta>tf £/&su£ °[ I ^ JL
£ e * i / u i / i r y e f / f i e / / < * j/ < r r > r
came to a very high mount, whence I was much pleased
with the sight westward. I think I can see 40 miles
which had the look of an open country. To the south o?
me there are large hills, much higher than the one I am
cn, with pasture to their tops. This range is rathe*’
overrun with underwood and larger timber growing thereon,
but the sides are as green as possible. In descending
for two miles the verdure is good; the descent then becomes
steep for a quarter of a mile leading into a fine
valley. At the end I met a large rivulet arising from
the southern hills. We shot ducks, and caught several
trout weighing at least 51b or 61b each. Distance travelled,
5£ miles.
M
Wednesday, December 1.
Y course is down the rivulet. It appears to lead me
north of west. On the north side of it at this
place is a remarkable sugarloaf hill,* having a stone on
the peak of it, which I have named after myself. I am
more pleased with the country every day. It is a great
extent of grazing land, without being divided by barren
spaces, as on the east side of the mountains, and well
watered by running streams in almost every valley. I
took a walk to the top of a very high mount, where I can
see at least 50 miles west, which gives me great spirits.
Distance travelled, miles.
* This lofty peak. 3200ft above sea-level, is now known as Evans’s
Crown, in the neighbourhood of Tarana. It is plainly visible from
the railway line. From this elevation Evans obtained his first glimpse
o j the locality where the future city of Bathurst was to stand.
B
Thursday, December 2.
EING a wet morning, it was late before I could go
forward. One of the horses having a sore back, we
were necessitated to put more weight on the others. In
consequence thereof our progress is trifling. On considering
the fine country we have passed through this day,
I think it equal to Van Diemen’s Land, the river winding
through fine, fiats and round the points of small ridges
that gradually descend to it, covered with the finest grass
and intermixed with the white daisy, as in England. I
shall not name the river until I am certain of its real
course. Distance, 4| miles.
I
Friday, December 3.
NOW find the mimosa in clusters on the banks of the
river. I am happy to think it favours me so much
as to run the course I wish it. The country continues
sood, particularly for grazing. Yet it has not been altogether
so pleasing to the eye as before, being in some
places overrun with a shrub among the grass, somewhat
the same as on the Cowpastures, near the Stone Quarry
Creek. The land is still of a light sandy nature, thinly
wooded with small gums. We have not yet seen any
natives, but can see their late tracks. Distance, 5| miles.
M
Saturday, December 4.
Y progress is through an exceeding good tract of
country. It is the handsomest I have yet seen,
with gentle rising hills and dales well watered. The
distant hills, which are about five miles south, appear as
grounds laid out, divided into fields by hedges. There
,’fio+o. ^./Y aZ H er.
A Portion of the First Western Road beyond
Mount Blaxland.
Deviations have altered the road as originally planned.
are few trees on them, and the grass quite green. I still
keep the river, and at times I walk a few miles south or
north, as seems to me most requisite. The dogs killed a
Jtangaroo, and the river supplies us with an abundance of
fish.*
T
* No distance travelled recorded this day. (Dec. 4.)
Sunday, December 5.
HE night was very wet. We were uncomfortable, having
no means to shelter ourselves from it, as the
trees will not bark. It has rained most of the day. About
4 p.m. a violent thunderstorm came on. since the clouds
seem to disperse; wind blowing fresh from the west. We
remained near the river, as it is Sunday. The horses are
getting fat, but I am sorry to observe their backs are
getting sore. The saddles should have been lined. Straw
stuffing is too hard to render it easy. We put our blankets
under them. I walked out this evening some miles.
I cannot speak too highly of the country; indeed, Tam
now at a lo ss what to say, as it exceeds my expectations,
and daily ^ets better. We are on an allowance of bread,
having los so much by the bad weather on the mountains.
W e require little pork in these parts. A kangaroo can
be procured at any time; there are also emus. We killed
some ducks this day.
T
Monday, December 6
HEJj,night was very bad. I was greatly afraid the
weather would continue so. This morning it had a
better appearance. The river now forms large ponds

q z Q > h / ) l c ]

o / ’t / e o r 'y e 7 f/ 7 7 ^ n *
^3 45
C e t i f e *
>/ f c j/ e / j t t / % * / * ts ’
[at the space of a mile or thereabouts. I came upon a fine
■ plain of rich land, the handsomest country I ever saw—
lit surpasses Port Dalrymple. This place is worth speakling
of as good and beautiful. The tract of clear land
[occupies about a mile on each side of the river. I have
[named it after the Lieutenant-Governor “ O’Connell Plains,”
Ion which we saw a number of wild geese, but too shy
■to let us near them. The timber around is thinly scatt
e r e d . I do not suppose there are more than 10 gum-
I trees on an acre. Their bark is amazingly thick, at least
12 inches. At 3 o’clock I stopped a t the commencement
■of a plain, still more pleasing and very extensive. 3
I cannot see the termination of it north of me. The soL
1 is exceedingly rich, and produces the finest grass, inter-
I mixed with a variety of herbs. The hills have the look
I of a park and grounds laid out. I am at a loss for
|language to describe the country. I named this part
“Macquarie Plains.” * I have walked till I am quite
I fatigued, being so anxious to look about me. There is
Igarae in abundance. If we want a fish, it is caught im-
| m ed ia tely—they seem to bite at any time. Had I brought
quantity of salt we could cure some 1001b of them. I
|am quite astonished at the number the men catch every
■ evening. The dogs thrive on them. I shall bring one
|home with me. Distance travelled, 6 miles.
"Lieutenant Lawson received a grant of 1000 acres at Macquarie
I Plains, and shortly afterwards erected Macquarie House. «t.ill standing,
and in possession of the family for 36 years.
I
Tuesday, December 7.
PROCEEDED over the plains, following the water, which
I have named “ Fish River.” At about foiy miles I
■ was brought up by a stream, nearly as large, from the
■ southward. I imagine I shall be necessitated to travel
|UP it some distance to find a ford. I determined upon
I so doing, and traced it about two miles, when we stopped
I to secure ourselves from an approaching thunderstorm
I that came on most severely, and threatens a wet night.
|Distance travelled, 51 miles.
W
Wednesday, December 8.
E are in spirits from the good appearance of the
morning. We hope it will be fine, as none of us
■ have been thoroughly dry these three days and nights, i
I ste no signs of a ford at present, therefore am obliged tc
[continue tracing up the stream. At two miles begins
|a Plain of rich land, which I call “ Mitchell Plains.” Observing
from a hill that the course of the water springs
I from the SE, I made up my mind to contrive a bridge to
I convey our luggage over. It was done in the following
I banner:—By driving two forked logs in the mud as far in
I the water as we dare venture, and by laying a piece of
l wood in the forks, forming a gallows; a party swam across
l and did the same on the other side. We then felled trees,
|as large as six of us could carry, and rolled them down
I the bank. As soon as one end was carried into the water,
■ the stream sent it round, and the ropes secured round th«?
lend prevented it being carried too far. We lifted two
|°f these up, which reached from one gallows to the other,
land two from each bank to a gallows, over which we
■Passed our necessaries, and swam the horses, first eon-
I ''eying to the other side a rope that held them, otherwise
force of the water would have carried them a great
distance, as it did the men who swam across.* I am
much pleased with our exertions, which took some hours,
and enabled us to reach the junction of the rivers by
sunset. The country is beautiful; no mountains to be
seen. There are high hills at great distances, but can
observe them green to their tops.
of water “ Campbell River.” t
Y1
I named the last run
* This was the first bridge built in the western district,
t No record of distance travelled this day, beyond that undertaken
in following up the river to find a ford (four miles). This had
to be retraced, rr, rather, two miles of it, to the camp, on the
previous evening.
Thursday, December 9.
IHAVE called the main stream “ Macquarie River.” At
21 miles commenced a most extensive plain. The
|hills around are fine indeed. It requires a clever person
to describe this country properly. I never saw anything
to equal it. The soil is good. I think the lower parts
o f the plains are overflowed at times, but do not see marks
to any height. The small trees on the lower banks of
tb > river stand straight, not lying down, as you see them
or the banks of the river and creeks at the Hawkesbury.
The grass here might be mowed, it is so thick and long,
particularly on the flat lands. Distance travelled, 8J
miles.
Friday, December 10.
ESTERDAY’S track left me much north
of west. To-day it is south of it.
The extent of the plain following the
river is 11 miles, and about two wide on
each side, the whole excellent good land,
and the best grass I have seen in any part
of New South Wales. The hills are also
covered with fine pasture, the trees being
so far apart must be an acquisition to its
growth. At the termination of the plain
is a very handsome mount. I named it
i “ Mount Pleasant," from the prospect It
commands to the NE.* The river now winds
itself round the points of forest hills,
nearly the same as described some days
since. Emus are numerous. The dogs
will not give chase. I imagine they are
bad ones. We have not been able to get a
shot at any of the geese; although plentiful,
they are so shy; but we frequently shoot
ducks. Nothing astonishes me more than the
amazing large fish that are caught. One
is now brought in that weighs at least
151b. They are all of the same species.
I call the plains last passed over “ Bathurst
Plains.” Distance travelled, 7J miles.
"This plain was destined in later years to form the
site whereon the city of Bathurst was built.
Saturday, December 1 1.
HE fine pasture continues, but there is a
T great alteration in the look of the
country. The river leads me among hills,
the points of which end in rocky bluffs near
the water. At about four miles I was
brought up by one of them, which appears
to be the termination of a range of high
hills from the south, and is the only mass
of rocks I have met with since leaving the

q + f H a n f c ]
<
i '
■
*

Blue Mountains. I determined on halting
for a few hours, that I may be enabled
to look about me. I ascended a peak and
found that the river turned about NW
around the points of stupendous green hills
to the south and south-west. I cannot discern
their end. The tops of the distant
ones sfy)w themselves for a great extent.
On the north side of the river is also a ridge
of pasture hills that range westward, to
the east appears the fine country I came
over. I am pleased to find the large hills
are covered with grass, nor can I discern
any rocky ranges with pine trees, except
the one I am on. The pines have a very
romantic appearance—so very different from
any other part. The largest of them is
about 4ft in circumference. I am fearful
of bad travelling for a few miles. It is
not so inconvenient to ourselves as to the
horses with their sore backs. The north
side looks well, but we cannot cross the
water. I have found a pass for the horses
and gone forward. It is not quite so bad
travelling as I expected. There are many
rocks, but the pasture is good. Distance
travelled 6£ miles.
Sunday, December 12.
E stopped this day. I took a walk
W for a few iniles to the SW, and found
it a fine country for pasture, being steep,
healthy hills thickly covered with grass.
Water in almost every valley.
Monday, December 13.
HE hills are still steep, and not quite
T so fine as those we have passed. They
are rather rough with rocks, yet the pasture
is good. The gums are much larger,
and intermixed with the box-tree. The soil
is of a stiffer nature, having pieces of alabaster
rock among it. The highlands in
general throughout have a great deal about
them. That on the surface is quite white
in some places, and of a yellow cast in
others. I do not know what to make of the
river, its course seems so irregular. The
direction to-day has been from SW to NE.
The hills are so very high and close that
from any one of them its run cannot be distinguished.
I have hopes of coming to
their end and being able to judge what part
the river leads to.*
*No record of distance travelled this day.
Wednesday, December 15.
UR road is very rugged, and the
O hills increase in size, but covered with
fine grass. I was upon a very high one, but
could not determine their end; from the b
to W they are stupendous. The only °P®P
country to be observed is from NW to E.
These hills surpass any grazing tract on the
east side of the mountain. In the valleys
the grass is long and thick, which makes it
fatiguing to pass over them. I begin to
think of returning. The dogs not Tienig
good there is no certainty of obtaining
skins for our feet. The stones and grass
have cut our shoes to pieces. Distance
travelled, 7 miles.
Thursday, December 16.
IMADE up my mind to return in the morning,
seeing no hope of approaching the
end of the high range of hills. I would most
willingly proceed further, but the horses'
backs are so bad, and no idea can be formed
of the situation we are in with respect to
our feet. With patching and mending we
may manage to reach home. I am now 98£
measured miles from the limitation of Mr.
Blaxland’s excursion. Most part of the
distance is through a finer country than I
can describe, not being able, for want of
language, to dwell on the subject, or explain
its real and good appearance with pen and
ink.
(These extracts take us to the end ol
Evans's journey. The remainder of the diary
describes the return journey, which was
completed on Saturday, January 8, 1814.)
Tuesday, December 14.
HE country is much about the same for
T two miles. The hills then get steeper
and not so good; indeed, it is the worst part
I have been over since leaving the Blue
Mountains. This place resembles the hills
about Mount Hunter at the Cowpastures. I
hope we shall soon be through these high
lands, being bad travelling, and I am afraid
we shall soon feel the need of shoes. The (
river still winds much, and forms some very
curious bends. Killed a kangaroo and two

To the Bathurst Plains.
« T 7 ELSO” asks what route Surveyor Evans tra-
I V versed in his memorable journey to the
Bathurst Plains.—He followed the tracks of
Blaxland, Wentworth, and Lawson to their final
camping place beyond the mountains, then took the
Fish River as a guide, crossing it near its junction
with the Campbell River. He never left the
watercourse except for an occasional excursion into
the bush. On the return journey a wider area was
covered some distance from the stream, the outward
track being entirely ignored. The above
sketch of the route is taken from the explorer’s
diary. (The original map is now in the British
Museum.) The outward journey is marked by small
dashes, the homeward by longer dashes and dots.
Excerpts from the diary are published in another
portion of this issue.

A I V / L i O v / #
A Historic H om e
in the
W estern District. ei/A/fat %
BY FRANK WALKER
/ 2 .. r f . t f .
HE exact date of the erection of Macquarie
House is uncertain-—probably
about 1820, as William Lawson was
appointed Comman^jpit and Justice
of the Peace at Bathurst towards
the end of the previous year, and
would in all probability see to the
erection of his house on the land he
owned as soon as possible after his
official appointment was made. In
1832 his son William acquired the
property, and ^resided there for upwards of twenty
years. During his father’s occupation the old home
must have had, on certain occasions, Governor Maejuarie
as an inmate, and in all probability the great man
uring his visits to Bathurst was a welcome guest at the?
ospitable home of his friend and brother officer. The
ost interesting account of the old residence, as it apeared
nearly 70 years ago, is to be found in Lieutenantolonel
Mundy’s entertaining work, “ Our Antipodes.” This
lallant officer was A.D.C. to Governor Pitzroy, and in
$46 accompanied him on a tour across the mountains to
athurst. The description is so entertaining, and affords
uch an excellent idea of the general aspect of the dis*
'ict in those days, that it is worth reproducing. Tha
arty consisted of his Excellency Sir Charles and Lady
itzroy, Mr. George Fitzroy (the private secretary), Mr.
!, Deas Thomson, the Colonial Secretary, and the narator.
They left Sydney on November 9, 1846, and were
ccompanied by two mounted police as escort and five
ervants. The narrative of the journey is brim full of
nteresting anecdotes and shrewd observations on the
ppearance of the country and its inhabitants, whilst it
s not wanting in humour. In due time the neighbourhood
of Bathurst was reached, and now the gallant Colonel
ay be allowed to speak for himself:—
fr F ,ROTTING with a free rein along the natural road,
1 smooth as a racecourse—no little treat, after three
days of cautious driving—a few miles brought us to Macquarie
^Plains, the seat (as the guide-books say) of ' Mr.
William Lawson, where we were most kindly received and
comfortably accommodated. The house looks over a wide
extent of the plains. In its rear are extensive offices,
farm buildings, stockyards, stables, etc., requisite for one
of the largest grazing and breeding ^establishments in Australia.
i Detached, at a sliort distance, is a ' garden, useful
and ornamental, a mixture of the flower and kitchen garden.
full of English productions—roses, and other old floral
friends!in great profusion, cherries, peaches, apples, pears,
and grapes, abundance of fine vegetables, not one of which
plants, ■ornate or esculent—or, indeed, any that I know
of—is indigenous to this originally outlandish and unproductive.
country. . . . Besides Mr." Lawson’s family,
there were several guests at Macquarie Plains, and the
house was stretched, by the hospitality of its owners, large
enough to contain the whole of the Governor’s party, a
spacious additional room having been, however, tem porarily
erected for purposes of refection. In this same
room there dined, to meet his Excellency, no fewer than
35 ladies and gentlemen, whom the provincial journal
described as a ‘select- party of the elite of Bathurst,’ a
phrase conveying the idea of an extraordinary degree of
social sifting. Yes, at this Australian country seat, 150
miles from Sydney, at which emporium European’supplies
arrive, after four or five months’ voyage, enhanced nearly
double in price, and with the superadded risk, difficulty,
and expense consequent on a dray journey of another halfmonth
across almost impassable mountains, we found a welldamasked
table for thirty or forty persons, handsome china
and plate, excellent cookery, a profusion of hock, claret,
and champagne, a beautiful dessert of European fruits—
in short, a really capital English dinner. . . One of the
delicacies at Mr. Lawson’s table on this occasion was the
freshwater cod-perch, or Grystes peelli, only found on
this side of the mountains. One fish was more than sufficient
for the whole party.”
ACQUARIE HOUSE was reached on November 14, the
M journey thither having occupied exactly five days.
The party remained several days under Mr. Lawson’s hospitable
roof, and further on in the narrative we get another
glimpse of the old home. Says the Colonel:—“ This |
was a day of excessive sultriness, a day on which Diogenes
would have desired Alexander to ‘stand fast’ between him
and the sun, instead of countermarching the king to the
rear of his tent. The plains were burnt brown and hard
as a brick; the sky, from zenith to horizon, was one
unveiled glare. The fervour of the atmosphere was visible
in the hollow, quivering in the misty wreaths. But the
grain fields were full of quail, so with two brother-sportsmen
I sailed out for their destruction in what might
appropriately have been called the warm’ of the evening.
Upwards of thirty couple were soon bagged, the son of
Nimrod,*'with his twenty years of Indian experience, fo l­
lowing up the sport with untiring vigour, while Fitzroy
and myself, Stumbling upon a small branch of the nearly
dry Macquarie, deposited our guns and raiment on th? bank I
of a waterhole, and hastening into the 'stream remained^
* Mr. Apperley, the great sporting writer.

some time, wallowing, with our noses above the
V like a couple of Mr. Gordon Cummins’s hippo-
. . . If the weather was unsuitable to outdoor
, neither did it better accord with a drawing-room
s day by Lady Mary Fitzroy at Bathurst, nor with
-party of forty or fifty persons, followed by a ball
larie Plains. I did not attend the former of these
>ns, but rumour whispered—untruly, of course—
ous discord had arisen, owing to certain fair ones,
g, it was thought, too strongly of ‘the shop,’ hav-
^cured to mingle with the local aristocracy in offer-
>eir devoirs to the Governor's much-respected lady,
ause of this not uncommon jealousy of position in
; 'ncial and colonial circles is obvious enough—where
! iries are ill-marked, trespasses are common. Apropos
j is subject, at later date I had the pleasure of making
f r acquaintance with a lady in a neighbouring colony
on some question of female precedence, did undoubt-
{ assert that she was ‘the rankest lady present.’ As
the ball, the thermometer stood steadily at 92deg.,
le we. on the contrary, danced furiously on the brick
r..of-the verandah f-rom 9 o’clock till daylight. Patent
her boots and white satin shoes soon became like the
titudinous sea, ‘one red’ ; the air we breathed was like
Sydney brickfielder in hue; the music, or rather the
d, was excruciating—I can find no milder term for it.
imly reminded me—especially after I had retired to
and it came o’ er my soul in dreams—of a description
ome old book where a company of musicians, playing
laricorns, dulcimers, and such-like instruments of tor-
, are described as causing ‘so delectable a noise, the
was never before heard.’ . . . . Everyonfc danced
l his or her, might, from the veteran captain who
grated fif*y years ago| and who led the dancers all
it, to his well-grown and handsome granddaughters,
T h a t a delightful peep this is into the pastimes of
' the long ago! The very bricks on the verandah,
r whose surface the flying feet of youth and age chased
y the glowing hours, are still there, somewhat rough
t uneven now; but what stories they could tell were they
owed with speech! The long, creeper-covered verandah
■i looks out oyer the plains, and the remains of the
i. English garden, so eloquently referred to by the facile
of this observant soldier, may yet be traced, and
tless many of the existing sturdy plants, long ago
{ ft of all semblance of blooms, are the reiics of some
miliar shrub which formerly delighted English eyes.
iere are queer, crooked staircases and long low rooms in
interior of the old house, which once echoed to the
>yous songs and laughter of that gay company, assembled
there well on to seventy years ago. Flocks of quail
till haunt the quiet fields, probably the very descendants
ihose which escaped the gallant Colonel’s gun, and the
Id stables on the rise yonder are exactly the same, save
>r plainly visible signs of the strain and stress of the
Massing years. Away in the distance, when the setting
fun lights up the windows and roofs of Bathurst, marking
(he spot where a big city now covers the plains, the prospect
from the old home in the days of Fitzroy was a far
lifferent one, and the rolling plains and gently swelling
lills were but sparsely populated, the ultimate destiny
of this region being closely wrapped up in the mists of
the future years.
HERE is something infinitely pathetic about this old
T homestead, now hastening on to a time when its
walls cannot longer hold together. The crumbling plaster
in many places has fallen away, and the red bricks in all
their nakedness stand revealed to the eye. The woodwork'
of the verandah is seamed and cracked, and the
silent though deadly work of the white ant is apparent
where cedar is not used. And what wonderful preservation
this splendid timber shows, where all around is
decay! The great doors, four or five inches through; the
solid and substantial casements and wainscoting; the
sturdy balustrades encircling the old staircase—all these
seem proof against time itself, and are apparently indestructible.
Here is a trapdoor—where does it lead to?
Descend the steep flight of stairs at the rear of the building,
leading to regions unknown, below the floor of the
house, and a sinister-looking apartment, measuring aboui
five feet square, with an arched roof, is revealed by. the
light of the candle. Here* in utter darkness, devoid of
air or ventilation of any sort, the delinquent servant of
that unfortunate class so numerous in the days the Colonel
writes about, spent many a miserable hour ruminating
on his painful lot. The remains of a solid and substantial
door, once no doubt firmly fixed into position by iron bolts
and bars, is further evidence of the former use to which
this grim apartment was put, and it is not without some
feeling of relief that the old dungeon is left once more
Ito its cobwebs and dust. Macquarie House will eventually
pass away and become but a memory; but the district
it has seen emerge into a strong and4usty manhood
will continue to thrive and prosper, and the story of its
progress can never be dissociated from the strong human
|element which in the early stages of its career helped
so largely to direct its infant steps.
A s a reward for their heroic undertaking in
discovering a route over the Blue Mountains,
Blaxland, Lawson, and Wentworth were
each granted 1000 acres of land in the
territory discovered soon afterwards hy
Deputy Surveyor-General Evans, and named
by him O ’ Connell, Macquarie, and Bathurst
Plains. Lawson chose his grant on M acquarie
Plains (Bathurst), and erected a substantial
residence, which he called
Macquarie, or, as it is generally
spolfen of, Macquarie House.
This old building, dating from
about 1820, is still in existence.

53 ,0?
___ /e u n r V &/■'f i e /P e e /fcr v r /^ /tr r n i’
r r ./ 3.
The First Settlers
This interesting sketch of the men who were
connected with the first settlement of the
Bathurst district a hundred years ago is from
the pen of a descendant of one of the pioneers.
in The West.
It reminds us of the difficulties that
had to be faced, and of the energy and
enthusiasm with which these were overcome.
BY “ PIONEER.’
HUNDRED YEARS ! How things
have changed in that time! If those
first ten pioneers who followed so
quickly in the footsteps of Blaxland,
Wentworth, Lawson, and
Evans over the wild Blue Mountain
ranges to accept the Government’s-offer
of .free grants of land
at Kelso and Bathurst could return
to-day, what would be ttieir feelings?
Would they recognise in 'th e .
wide, well-kept’, tree-lined streets’, with their beautiful
parks and lofty buildings, and their throngs of gay humanity,
with all the modern conveniences of travel, the silent
scene, peopled only with dusky aboriginals and wild animals,
that, greeted them o n . their arrival with camping
outfit to form the nucleus of this now flourishing city?
T
First Ten Settlers.
HE first 'ten settlers were,- I believe, Messrs. James
Vincent, John Nevell, Richard Mills, Thomas Kite,
Joseph Moulder, George Kable, William Lee, Thomas
Cheshire, John. Dargin, and.rApplett, and they were men
who wrote their names indelibly on the’ pages of the early
history of the colony. Some of the younger branches of
these old families still reside within the Bathurst districts—notably
the Lees, Kites, and Kables. The Moulder
family is well known about Orange and Condobolin.
Amongst the best known of the Mills family is Dr. Arthur
Mills, of Sydney, whose uncle, George Mills, was the first
white child born in Bathurst, and to whom the Government
offered a grant of 100 acres of land. The Nevells
are now resident in the Mudgee and Rylstone districts of
New South Wales and in Western Queensland. In their
identity is sunk that of James Vincent, whose only surviving
child became the wife of John Nevell, and they still
hold the Vincent grant of land, the Nevell grant, on part
of which the Kelso railway station now stands, having
been sold within the last few years. The whereabouts
of the descendants of the Cheshires, Appletts, and Dargins
have passed from the writer's knowledge.
Farming with Garden Hoes.
OR years the pioneers’ holdings were unfenced, land-
F marks at first, and later a ploughed furrow, being used
to define the boundaries of each farm. The Government
supplied the seed wheat, which was put in by means of
a garden hoe, and when the crops were harvested each
farmer had to return to the Government as much seed
grain as he had been supplied with. This rule assured
a plentiful supply of seed always in the Government stores.
A great, improvement in farming came when wooden
ploughs were obtainable Mr. James Rankin was one of
the first to own one in Bathurst. He offered to giv';
the plough to Mr. Nevell if he would carry it home on
his back. The distance was about a couple .of miles, and
the plough was heavy; but it was a great prize, so the
hardy pioneer accepted the offer and carried it home.
Hand Mills for Grinding Flour.
HE wheat was reaped by hand and bound in sheaves,
T then stacked, thatch for covering being made from
rushes from the river-banks. It was afterwards threshed
with a flail and ground into flour with steel hand-mills.
In the early days the assigned servants (convicts) were
each given seven quarts of wheat on Saturday, and that
afternoon they ground their weekly supply of flour from
it. Tools were, of course, rare, and there is still in
existence a very roughly made hammer that twro of the
old Bathurst neighbours went into partnership to share
the expense of buying.
T
Kite’ s Cabbage Garden.
HEN there was K ite’s cabbage garden. There were
numerous inquiries about this when it became known
that Mr. Kite had announced that he would give a cabbage
garden to any man who was capable of minding “ his
own business.” Each applicant for it was subjected to
a rigorous cross-examination by Mr. Kite on his ability
to mind ,his own business, and the conversation generally
ended by Mr. Kite saying: “ Well, this cabbage garden is
my business. May I ask what you have to do with It?”

J f/ 3 -, ■ ~ j% e -/ 7 K r fJ c / / / e .r s / * * r f e / P e e / . C c A i/ftttr r r /r f /%'e Jfe*?/?/?/ /% t/,r tv
5 4
The c, tbbage garden, of course, never found another
owner, and became the joke of the district.
The First Church.
HE first free settlers lived in Kelso, the penal settlement
being ^at Bathurst, a mile distant, the Mac­
T
quarie River flowing between. The first church built
over tfte Blue Mountains was the Church of England at
Kelso, and the Bible used at the opening service in the
present building, which succeeded a small wooden one, is
now in the possession of Mrs. H. W. Nevell, Chinchilla,
Queensland, her father, the late Mr. W. E. Sampson, having
exchanged his pocket Bible for the large church Bible
with the Rev. Keane when he (Mr. Keane) was returning
to England. This Bible is in an excellent state of preservation,
and is bound in dark red calf with gold letter-
, ing. It was printed in 1772 in the old English type,
making it somewhat difficult for the present-day student
to read. It also contains the 14 books of the Apocrypha,
which are not usually bound in the Bibles of to-day. Upon
its pages are many marginal notes and marked texts of
the preachers who have passed from us. I will quote a
few:—22nd chapter Proverbs, 6th verse (the Bishop’s sermon
at Thorpe, August 9, 1816); 7th chapter Hebrews,
25th verse (Mr. Scott, November 26, 1815); 2nd chapter
Exodus, 8, 9, 10 verses (Mr. Jefferson’s charity sermon
at Ramsay, December 1, 1816). Then there are the names
of the Revs. Whinfield. Harrison, Scott (the younger)—
entries that have stood the test of time for nearly a
hundred years, for I fancy these were all English clergymen.
who used the book before it was brought to help
in Divine worship in our southern clime. This Bible
was also used at the opening of the first churches at
Bathurst and Mudgee.
An Interesting Book.
OOKS were rare when Parson Keane (as he was known
B by his flock) lived in Bathurst, and interest attaches
also to a small book, “ Rise and Progress of Religion
in the Soul,” bearing in his handwriting the inscription,
“ From Mr. Keane to Mr. Vincent and Mr. and
Mrs. Nevell, for their joint use. May God’s blessing
attend that use. Parsonage, January 1st, 1835.” Though
the writing has not faded on the leaf, yellow with age,
no doubt the giver, as well as the recipients, has long
since joined the great majority, leaving perhaps but few
such silent witnesses of his great life-work amongst the
early settlers of the mother State of Australia.
A
Other Early Settlers.
MONGST other early settlers at Bathurst were Messrs.
Richard Lewis, George Cox, and W illiam Lawson
(commandant at Bathurst, and discoverer of the Mudgee
country). These three men finally established their
homes at Mudgee in 1821. There are also included in
the old Bathurst days the familiar names of MacPhillamy,
Suttor, Gorman, Rotton, Charlton, Langley, Dr. Cluett,
Jack Tye, and many others, who added their quota to the
records of the western district close on a century ago.
OldWesternRoadCentenary.
K in d ly G iv e T h is to C a te re r.
Another Relic.
—I_ ------------------ MOTHER — relic „ of _______ the — old _____________ Bathurst ____ Says „ sm
a
Is aall
I wooden cask, seven inch^g high, four and a half
j inches in diameter (outside measurements), holding ono
quart, with four iron hoops around it. that contained tin;
only spirits that were used at the twenty-first birthday
Party of William Lee, mentioned before as one of the
first settlers. It was a present from the late Mr. John
Nevell, on condition that the cask was returned to him
as a memento of the occasion, and, though it bears the
signs of age, it has only one broken stave, and three of
the hoops are quite firm.

MAJOR CASSIDY
BATHURST’S CRAND OLD
MAN.
HIS EXPERIENCES IN
BATHURST.
I N T E R E S T I N G L I F E S T O R Y .
P e r h a p s th e r e is n o p u b lic m a n
Setter k n o w n t h i o u g h o u t t h e l e n g t h
.1 nd b r e a d t h o f th e W e s t e r n d is t r ic t
i lan M a j o r C a s s id y .
C e r t a in ly th e r e
> n o n e m o r e p o p u la r . “ O ld M a j o r , 1’
as he is c a lle d b y t h o s e w h o k n o w h im
b est, is th e old es't n a tiv e o f b a -
'h u rst a t p r e s e n t liv i n g in t h e d i s ­
trict.
A n d it is q u e s t io n a b le w h e th e r
I here is a n o ld e r n a t iv e o f B a t h u r s t |
liv in g o u ts id e t h e d i s t r i c t . H e .vas |
born a t K e ls o in 1 8 3 1 , b u t 18 y e a r s '
after S u r v e y o r E v a n s f ir s t s a w th e
P la in s , a n d 16 y e a r s a f t e r t h e fir s t
s e ttle m e n t w a s f o r m e d .
M a j o r ’ s lif e
story w o u ld t a k e u p p a g e s , a n d w h a t
he. k n o w s a b o u t B a t h u r s t , b o t h in t h e
dark a n d its m o d e r n d a y s , w o u ld t a k e
up e v e n m o r e . F r o m c h ild h o o d h e ,
has le d a s t r e n u o u s l i f e , a n d h a s b e ^ n i
one o f th e g r e a t e s t s p o r t i n g m e n > >
this o r a n y o th e r p a r t o f t h e w o r ld . (
E ven t o - d a y h e n e v e r m i s s e s a r a c e 1
m e e tin g . D u r i n g h is l o n g c a r . ; ? "
M a jo r C a s s id y h a s b e e n a m o n g s t "n e
S ta te’ s c h a m p io n c r i c k e t e r s , r u n n e r s ,
qu oit p la y e r s , a n d p i g e o n s h o t s . B e -
sid es3 h e h a s a lw a y s — a n d s t i ll d o e s —
take a g r e a t in t e r e s t in h o r s e r a c i n g
and s p o r t o f a l! d e s c r i p t io n s . H e
has s e e n w h a t n o o t h e r liv in g m a n
has s e e n . H e s a w B a t h u r s t fir s t
settled u p o n , a f t e r K e l s o h a d b e e n th e
P rin cip a l p la c e o f r e s i d e n c e ; s a w U
Place u n d e r th e m ilit a r y r e g i m e , c o n ­
victs m a k i n g th e r o a d s , e v e r y p u b ­
lic b u ild i n g e r e c te d , v o te d at
every e le c t io n , s a w e v e r y im p o r t - {
r a c e
m e e t i n g a n d c r i c k e t r;t t.1' ~.h,
t h e f ir s t t r a in a r r iv e in B a t h u r s t } e v e r /
a g r i c u lt u r a l s h o w , tw o p e r s o n s p la c e d
I N T H E T H I R T I E S .
“1 w a s b o r n a t K e l s o in 1 8 3 1 ,” s a id
in t h e s t o c k s w h e n s u c h a p u n is h m e n t
M a j o r . “ B a t h u r s t w a s th e n : ; " o w n
w a s in v o g u e , a n d w a s a m e m b e r o f
a s the. .s e t tle m e n t . I w e n t to J r-
th e f ir s t v o lu n t e e r c o r p s f o r m e d in
n e y ’ s S c h o o l i t K e l s o , a n d a m o n g i .
B a t h u r s t . I n f a c t , M a j o r C a s - |
m y s c h o o l m a t e s w e r e J o h n F o r d , M ‘ -
s id y h a s s e e n e v e r y t h in g w o r th
G o w e n (w h o a f t e r w a r d s b e c a m e a
s e e i n g in B a t h u r s t f o r t h e p a s t
n o te d c o m i c a c t o r ) , J o h n C a s e y , a n d
6 0 o r 7 0 y e a r s . T o -d a y , t h o u g h Z;
T h o m a s S lo a n e (fa t h e r o f T o m S l o a n e ) . '
y e a r s o f a g e , h e is b y n o m e a n s plat’
w h o is th e o n ly o n e I k n o w o f l i v i n g , j
e d o u t. T h o u g h n o t in t h e s a m e s ta te
T h e fir s t m e n o f t h e W e s t a t t h a t
o f h e a lth a s o f a fe w s h o r t y e a r s a g O j {
t i m e w e r e O ld W i l l i a m K i t e , W i l l i a m j
M A J O R C A S S I D Y .
t h e M a j o r s t ill c a r r ie s h is g r e a t ng

m a n a p ip e t o s m o k e . H e "had lo t
h a d it in h is m o u th l o n g b e f o r e a c o n ­
sta b le c a m e u p a n d s n a t c h e d i t , b r o k e
it t o p ie c e s , a n d c h a s e d u s a w a y .
P U B L I C E X E C U T I O N S .
T h o u g h I d id n o t a c t u a lly s e e t h e m
h a n g e d , I r e m e m b e r s e e i n g a b la -k -
fe llo w a n d a >vhite m a n h a n g i n g o u t ­
side t h e o ld g a o l , w h ic h w a s s it u a t e d
w here th e C o u r t H o u s e n o w s t a n d s .
I a ls o r e m e m b e r s e e i n g a y o u n g f e l ­
a t b u r n t F l a t , n e a r M i . T a n a r . A t
•t h a t m e e t i n g , h o rs os o w n e d b y J o h n
| T a .it a n d D e M e s t i ■?, a n d o t h e r s to o k
p a » t . J a m e s H o './a e s w a s t h e b e s t
j o c k e y o f t h o s ° d a y s . F r o m th e r e
t h e c o u r s e w s s h ifte d to
P o o r M a n ’ s
H o llo w , w h e r e th e r e s id e n c e o f M r .
T a g o S m ith n o w s t a n d s .
T w o o f th e
b e s t h o r s e s e v e r I s a w w e re D e C lo u e t ’ s
J o h n a n d T a i t ’ s C o s s a c k . In
fa c t . ’ ‘ h in k C o s s a c k w a s t h e b e s t
l is h m e n a r r iv e d b y C o b b a n d C o . ’ s
c o a c h e s , a n d th e r o a d f r o m B a t h u r s t i
to R y d a l w a s lin e d w i t h t h o u s a n d s
s p e c t a t o r s . 411 B a t h u r s t w e n t o u t t o !
m e e t t h e m . N o f e w e r th a n 21 b o o t h s ;
w ere s o ld .
low h a n g e d fo r a c r i m i n a l a s s a u lt o n j h o r s e I h a v e e v e r s e e n . T h e p a ir h a d T h e o n ly tw o o th e r p l a y e r s t h a t I r e ­
a g ir l. H e w a s f r o m B l a c k m a n ’ s ! ’ r ? a t c h f o r , £ i c o a s id e , t h e b e s t tw o m e m b e r p la y e d f o r B aJth u rst w e r e
S w a m p ( O r a n g e ) , a n d I k n e w h im I o u t v £ th r e e , tw o m i le s . C o s s a c k J o h n D a r g i n a n d R e v . T r e s s . T h e
w ell.
i w o n . T h e b e s t jo c k e y s o f t h o s e d a y s la t t e r w a s a t h o r o u g h srood b o w le r ,
E A R L Y R A C I N G .
w e r e J o e M a t h e w s (a n a m a t e u r r id e r ) a n d t o o k fiv e o f t h e E n g l i s h m e n ’ ? w ic ­
T h e fir s t r a c e m e e t i n g I r e m e m b e r a n d C u t t s . H e r e fo r d w a s t h e s c e n e k e ts — a f e a t t h a t h a d n o t b e e n d o n e in
was h e ld a t A llo w a y B a n k , n o w o w n - ^ o f t h e n e xt r a c e s , a n d it w a s h e r e th a t A u s t r a l ia u p t o t h a t t i m e . I a ls o
t'd b y M r . S . W i llia m s . T h e m e e t i n g P a s h a , o w n e d b y J o h n D e C lo u e t , p r o v ­ p la y e d in t h e fir s t m a t c h e v e r p la y e d
e x te n d e d o v e r th r e e d a y s . N o c h a r g e ed h i m s e lf t o b e th e b e s t h o r s e o f t h e o n th e S n o r t s G r o u n d .
w as m a d e f o r a d m i s s i o n , a n d t'he p r iz e - d a y . A ft e r t h a t r a c i n g w a s c o n d u c te d
H I S M I L I T A R Y C A R E E R .
m o n e y r a n g e d f r o m .£ 3 0 to £ 1 5 0 . A on t h e old B a t h u r s t c o u r s e , w h e r e th e
I w a s a m e m b e r o f t h e fir s t v o lu n t e e r
n u m b e r o f h o r s e s w h ic h t r a v e lle d o v e r M o d e l F a r m n o w s t a n d s . T h e n th e c o m n a n v f o r m e d in B a t h u r s t . I w a s
the, M o u n t a in s to o k p a r t , i n c l u d in g B a t h u r s t C u p w a s w o r th £ 3 0 0 a n d
t h e n in t h m a n to g i v e in m y n a m e .
J o r r o c k s , B e s s ie B e d la m , P lo v e r , a n d “h e M a c q u a r ie P la t e £200. T h e b i g g e s t
T h e n o n - c o m m i s s i o n e d o ffic e r s w ere
H o n ih e k i. T h e s e w e r e t h e g r e a t e s t U 'O w d I h a v e s e e n at a m e e t i n g in
e le c t e d b y a b a l l o t o f t h e c o m p a n y in ;
h o rse s o f th e d a y . T h e r e w e r e n o s ix B a t h u r s t w a s w h e n S ir H e r c u le s R o b ­
th o s e d a y s . M a j o r H a l e s , t h e c a p ­
f u r lo n g s r a c e s in th o se , d a y s . T h e in s o n w a s in a t t e n d a n c e . T h e c r o w d
t a in , w a s t h e fir s t m a n e le c t e d in c o m - ;
p rin c ip a l e v e n ts w e r e o v e r t w o m i le s , • lu m b e red a b o u t 5 0 0 0 .
m a n d . T h a t w a s a b o u t 6 0 y e a r s a g o . i
th e b e s t tw o o u t o f t h r e e , a n d v e r y
E A R L Y C R I C K E T .
I h a v e b e e n th oro u g h t h e r a n k s f r o m |
often a h o r s e h a o to r u n s ix m i le s in G e o r g e B o n n o r w a s o n ly a b o y w h e n
p r i v a t e t o M a j o r , b u t h a v e a s y o u
an a fte r n o o n to w in . J o r r o c k s w a s I w a s a t m y b e s t a t c r ic k e t. W e h a d
k n o w r e t ir e d . T h e l a s t t i m e I w o r e
■e c h a m p io n . T h e r e w e r e s e v e r a l th e b e s t c r ic k e t e r s in N e w S o u th
m y u n i f o r m w a s w h e n K i t c h e n e r w a s
bootu s o n t h e c o u r s e , a t e a c h o f w h ic h W a l e s a r o u n d B a t h u r s t . C h a r lie W e s t
h e r e . I d o n ’ t t h in k I •..dll e v e r w e a r it
a fid d le r w a s e n g a g e d , a n d a p la c e fo r w a s a g r e a t b o w le r , a n d w o n m a n y
a g a i n .
t h n c in g e r e c te d . T h e b o o t h s w e r e j t r o p h ie s . I, m y s e l f , w a s c o n s id e r e d
A O N E - M A T C H F O O T B A L L E R .
■ : ill n i g h t , a n d p e o p le c a m e m ile I s to b e o n e o f t h e b e s t b a t s m e n in t h o s e
“ I o n ly p l a y e t f ift* m
the c o u r s e a ll n i g h t . I h a v e s e e n JC a r m e n , w h o s till o w n s - p r o p e r t y in
S y d n e y to p l a y a g a i n s t t h e U n iv e r s it y ,
b e tw e e n 15 a n d 2 0 fir e s g o i n g . S i n g ­ ! B a t h u r s t , w a s a ls o g o o d . H e w a s
I n e v e r b o t h e r e d a b o u t f o o t b a l l a lV -r
in g w a s i n d u lg e d in n e a r ly a ll n i g h t , j - *>e o f th e b e s t fie ld s e v e r I s a w . C h a r -
t h a t ,” tlhe M a j o r a d d e d .
t he p r ic e p a id f o r t h e b o o t h s w a s ,£ 1 0 . i i i N a y lo r w a s a f a ir p la y e r , a n d w a s
R A I L W A Y , S H O W S , A N D . T H E R
A n y p u b lic a n c o u ld p u r c h a s e a b o o t h , ■ ’ c r e i a r y fo r m a n y y e a r s o f t h e B a t h -
M A T T E R S .
and e a c h d re w lo ts f o r p o s it i o n s . A t u i . .: C lu b . I r e m e m b e r th e fir s t E n g -
“ I w e ll r e m e m b e r t h e fir s t t r a in to
the fir s t m e e t i n g I t h in k I a m r i g h t in ' lis h e le v e n th a t co m e , o v e r th e M o u n ­
a r r iv e in B a t h u r s t . I a t s o i :- i n f m b e r
s a y in g t h a t T o m W h i b o n , w h o k e p t t a i n s . I t w a s S t e p h e n s o n ’ s t e a m ,
th e f i r s t m u n ic ip a l e l e c t i o n . I t n i r k
a p u b lic h o u s e at E s r o m , a c te d a s j T h e y p la y e d 2 2 o f B a t h u r s t . N o , d o n 't
t h a t M r . R . J. C o u s i n s w a s o n e o f th e
ste w a rd . I d o n ’ t r e m e m b e r a n y o f ; a s k m e w h o w o n . T h e m a t c h w a s
b i g m e n t h a n . I w a s a ls o p r e s e n t
he o th e r o ffic ia ls . A b o u t 8 0 0 a t ­ p la y e d ju s t o v e r th e D e n i s o n B r id g e ,
a t t h e f ir s t s h o w , w h i c h w a s h e ld a t ;
te n d e d o n e a c h d a y .
>in L e e ’ s p a d d o c k . T h e e v e n t c a u s e d i
O ’ C o n n e ll P l a i n s . I h a v e nev..*r s e e n |
T h e n e x t m e e t i n g , I t h in k , w a s h e ld St h e g r e a t e s ’ e x c it e m e n t . T h e , E n g - j
o f
T h e m a t c h w a s s u p p o s e d
to e x t e n d o v e r t w o d a y s , b u t w a s i n - ;
J e r ru p te d b y a t e r r ific s t o r m . T h e 1
E n g l i s h m e n w o n e a s i l y . I t h in k th e I
m a t c h w a s
w i t n e s s e d b y t h e g r e a t e s t j
c r o w d in t h e h i s t o r y o f W e s t e r n c r ic k e t . '

s o muclh, fig h tin g -, a n d i t w a s r t e . e I
i c k -s t r e e t w a s b e i n g f o r m e d , a n d k e r ’ s j u s t a s t h e s u n w a s r i s i n g , I
sa w f o r t h e fir s t t i m e s t u m p ir o n s
t h e r e w a s a q u a n t i t y o f m e t a l in th e w a s to ld t h a t th e r e w a s a g e n t le m a n
u se d in a r o w . T h a t w a s a f i g h t ,
m i d d l e o f th e r o a d . O n e o f t h e b u s h - h a v i n g b r e a k f a s t , a n d if I didln t m .n d
a n d t h e r e w a s skin, a n d ih air f l y n g in
r a r a g e r s ’ h o r s e s b lu n d e r e d (over th e I c o u ld j o i n h i m . I w e n t i n , and
all d i r e c t i o n s . I h a v e b e e n i n c s e .i t a t
m e t a j , a n d a y o u n g fe llo w wlho w a s t h e r e w a s a f i n e - l o o k i n g m a n s e a t e d a t
e v e r y s h o w , a t A l l o w a y B a n k , R a g ­
s t a n d i n g w ith m e s a i d , ‘ T h e y m u s t b e th e r a b le . I n r e p ly t o m y g r e e t i n g , h e
la n , a n d o n th e p r e s e n t s i t e , a n d h a v e b u s b i e s .1 T h e b u s h r a n g e r s a f t e r w a r d s [s a id , ‘ G o o d m o r n i n g , ’ a n d a ls o t h a t h o
b ee n a m e m b e r o f t h e c o m m i t t e e s in c e
w e n t u p t o D e C lo u e t , w h e r e it w a s [fo r y e a r s a f t e r w a r d s , and I s u p p o s e
th e in c e p t io n o f t h e A s s o c i a t i o n . In s a id t h e y w e n t to g e t h is r a c e h o r s e , . d id n o t m i n d m e b r e a k f a s t i n g w ith
th e e a r ly d a y s I u s e d t o j u d g e boirs-®^
P a s h a . I t w a s o n ly a j o k e , h o w e v e r , h i m , a s t h e r e w a s p l e n t y foT t w o . I n
and f a t c a t t le ait a l l s h e w e s te r n s h o w s . a® o n e o f t h e m to ld m e a f t e r w a r d s . (j th e c o u r s e o f c o n v e r s a t i o n , I f o u n d
I h a v e o f t e n b e e n a s k e d to p ’ it u p G ilb e r t w ae a t o n e t im e e m p lo y e d b y t h a t h e k n e w a g r e a t d e a l a b o u t F o r ­
fo r a l d e r m a n , b u t n e v e r w c u ld d o s o . ! J a c k D e C lo u e t a s a s t a b le b o y , amd b e s , w h ic h w a s t h e n c a l l e d t h e L a c h ­
I w a s p r e s e n t ait t h e fir s t e le c t io n ' it w a s h e w h o t o ld m e . W h e n J a c k D e l a n . A f t e r b r e a k f a s t , w e g o t o u r
ever h e ld in B a t h u r s t . N o , I d o n ’ t r e - .C lo u e t h e a r d th e b u s h r a n g e r s w e r e h o r s e s o u t a n d r o d e t o w a r d s B la y n e y
m e m b e r t h e c a n d id a t e s . I w a s a lw a y s
a b o u t to taike P a s h a , h e s a i d , ‘ O h ,
a s t r o n g P r o t e c t io n i s t , a n d a g r e a t
f o r t h e Jove o f G o d , t a k e m y m o n e y ,
s u p p o r te r o f F r a n k S u t t o r , a n d h e lp ­
t a k e m y w ife , t a k e m y l i f e , b u t d o n ’ t
ed t o g e t h i m r e t u r n e d o n m a n y o c c a ­
t a k e P a s h a .’ T h e b u s h r a n g e r s c a u s ­
s io n s . T h e s e p o li t i c s , h o w e v e r , a re
e d a g r e a t s e n s a t io n . A l l t h e r e s id e n t s
no g o o d . I t h o u g h t I w a s a le v e l­
r u s h e d o u t w ith g u n s , e t c ., b u t th e y
h e a d e d f e llo w , a n d w o u ld n o v m a k e
o o k fin e c a r e not to go p a s t t h e R o y a l
e n e m ie s , b u t I m a d e a n y q u a n t it y . N o
H o t e l c e x n a r . T h e y d i d n ’ t w a n t to
m a n c a n t a k e p a r t in p o li t i c s m d n o t j m e e t ' ^ b u s h r a n g e r s .'
N e i t h e r d id
h a ve ,’e am e n e m y ,. I t ’ s n o g o o d to th e I!
o r d in a r y m a n , b u t I s u p p o s e it is f o r
“ O n, o n e o c c a s io n w h ils t o n m y w a y
the m a n w h o is e le c t e d . T h a t 's a ll,
fo T u e n a ~ t o b u y h o r s e s I m e t t w o m e n
th o u g h .
r i d i n g . T h e y g o t o n e it h e r s id e o f
T H E G R E A T R I D E F R O M B A T H ­
m e a n d r o d e a l o n g . I t s t r u c k m e at
U R S T T O S Y D N E Y .
u e t i m e t h a t t h e y w e r e b u s h r a n g e r s .
" I w e ll r e m e m b e r t h e t r e a t i v i e ;.f
O n e m a n a s k e d m e w h e r e I c a m e
Phil S k e llic o r n , f r o m B a t h u r s t to
f r o m , a n d I s a i d B a t h u r s t . I w a s r i-
S y d n e y , o n h o r s e b a c k , f o r a s id e
d im g a r a c e ih o rse , a n d th e o t h e r c o v e ,
w a g e r o f .£ 1 0 0 . H e d id i t , b u t n e v e r
a f t e r l o o k i n g ait h is b r a n d , s a i d , ‘ I s
g o t th e m o n e y . S k e llic o r n g o t off b is
y o u r n a m e J im C a s s i d y ? ’ I s a id ,
h o rse a t Poor M a n ’ s F r ie m d , t h e o t h e r
‘ Y e s . ’ ‘ W e l l ,’ h e s a i d , ‘ M c G u i n e s s ’
side of P e n r it h , to h a v e s o m e r e f r e s h ­
■is e x p e c t i n g y o u ..’ A s I w a s a n x io u s
m e n ts , a n d in s t e a d o f g e t t i n g o n i m ­
to g e t a w a y , I s a id , ‘ O h , w e ll, I h a d
m e d ia te ly , h e w a lk e d fcr a b o u t 13 o r
14 y a r d s a l o n g s id e h i s h o r s e . W h e n
he g o t t o S y d n e y h e w a s p r e t t y w e ll
druTiik, a n d h a d to b e h e ld u p . T h e
b e t t e r p u s h o n . ’ A f t e r I 'h ad g o n e
a b o u t 5 0 y a r d s t h e y c a lle d m e , a n d I
t lh o u g h t, ‘ H a r e ’ s a g o . T h e y w ill t a k e
m y h o r s e .’ H o w e v e r , th e y w a n te d
man with whom he had the wager to fcnQw .f j had seen anybody cojn_
took exception to him walking his •
t o g e t h e r . W e h a d n ’ t g o n e v e r y far
w h e n 'I n o t i c e d th a t m y f r ie n d h a d a
c o u p le o f r e v o lv e r s in h i s b e lt . H u l ­
l o , ’ I t h o u g h t , ‘ I a m in v e r y b a d c o m ­
p a n y .’ I s a i d , ‘ A r e y o u g o i n g t o B l a y ­
n e y ? ’ H e s a i d , ‘ Y e s ; i s n ’ t y o u r a a m e
T im G a s s i d y ? ’ I r e p li e d t h a t it w a s ,
| w h e r e u p o n h e r e p lie d t h a t ibis b r o ­
t h e r k n e w m e w e l l , a n d t h a t I w a s a
ig r e a t q u o it p la y e r . I t h e n a s k e d I.: m
Iw h at h is b r o t h e r ’ s n a m e w a s , a n d h e
r e p li e d , ‘ B i l l y H a l l .’ ‘ T h e n y o u a re
B e n H a ll ? ’ I i n q u ir e d . W h e n h e s a id
‘ Y e s , ” I s a i d , ‘ M y G o d ! I a m g o i n g
t o le a v e y o u . ’ H e l a u g h e d h e a r t ily ,
a n d s a i d , ‘ C o m e o n .; w e w ill g o to
R u s s a r t ’ s a n d h a v e a d r i n k . ’ I w a s
n o t h a v i n g a n y , a n d t u r n e d o f f a t m e
n e x t t u r n . H a l l h a d n o t b e e n o u t
l o n g t h e n . H e w a s a f t e r w a r d s r id d le d
w ith b u lle t s a f e w m l ie s f r o m F o r b e s .
I h a v e o f t e n s e e n t h e t r e e w h ic h h e
c l u n g t o w h ile tihe p o l i c e - w e r e f i r in g
a t h im . - T h e b u ll e t m a r k s w e r e th e r e
fth ey a r e s t ill.
' “I s a w P e i s l e y t r ie d a n d s e n t e n c e d
to d e a t h a t t h e B a t h u r s t C o u r t H o u s e
E v e r y p e r s o n in c o u r t w a s t r e m b l i n g ,
i n g o n th e r o a d f r o m B a t h u r s t , a n d m y s e l f i n c lu d e d . P e i s l e y , h o w e re r ,
horse fo r a fe w y a r d s , a n d w o u ld n o t
w h e n I to ld t h e m th a t t h r e e t r o o p e r s n e v e r m o v e d . H e s t o o d u p a n d g r a s ­
Pay.
h a d c o m e w ith m e a n d h a d o n ly le ft p e d th e r a i ls o f t h e d o c k , a n d n e v e r
B U S H R A N G I N G d a y s .
a b o u t h a lf a m i l e b a c k , t h e y t u r n e d m o v e d a m u s c l e . H e w a s a ^ e r y d e ­
Y e s I w e ll r e m e m b e r th e r a id b y o f f T h e m e Q w e r e Q am dine.r
a n d t e r m in e d m a m . T h e l a s t b u s h r a n g e r
:B e n H a l l ’ s g a n g o f b u s h r a n g e r s in
P e is l e y .
I r e m e m b e r , i f h e c o u ld b e c a l l e d s u n h ,
I B a th u r s t. I w a s s t a n d i n g o n th e
O n a n o t n e r o c c a s io n , I h a d b r e a k - J " as a 111:111 w h o f r e q u e n t e d t h e P h
D u 'k e’ s Cc o r n e r , in W l lila m -s t r e e t , r , ■,, t, it ,
, r , l a s t w ith B e n H a l l , a t W h i t t a k e r ’ s , at R iv e r . I d o n ’ t r e m e m b e r h i s .ia>r.e.
w hen t h e y c a m e o u t o f P ewd rio itmt a ’ ts tKa i' ns g i ,- s p- - L a.
in ^
A r i r v i n g a t W h i t t a- H e w a s o n l y a h o r s e s t e a l e r , a n d I
sh o p . A t th a t t i m e , th e r o a d in H o w -

eally; f o r g e t w h a t h a p p e n e d h im .
B u s h r a n g e r s n o w w o u ld h a v e n o
c h a n c e , a n d i t i s j u s t a s w e ll t h a t s v c h
is th e c a s e , a s n o p e r s o n ; c a n r e a lis e
V b a t it W a s lik e t r a v e l l i n g a b o u t th e
d is t r ic t W h e n t h e y w e r e in fu ll fo r c e .
I d o n ’ t W a n t t o s a y a n y m o r e .’ *
TO-DAY’S PROGRAMME.
VISIT OF THE STATE COVERNOR.
M E M O R I E S R E C A L L E D .
T h e B a t h u r s t c e n t e n a r y c e le b r a tio n s
w ill b e o f f ic ia lly o p e n e d i n B a t h u r s t t o ­
d a y . H i s E x c e lle n c y t h e S t a t e G o v e r n o r
a n d L a d y S t r ic k la n d a n d s u it e , a n d
t h e M in i s t e r f o r E d u c a t i o n ( M r . A . C .
C a r m ic h a e l) w ill b e a m o n g s t t h e d i s ­
t i n g u i s h e d v i s i t o r s . T h e p r o g r a m m e fo r
t h e d a y is a s f o llo w s : —
1 0 .3 0 a . m ., G r a n d C e n t e n a r y P r o c e s ­
s io n .
1 1 .3 0 a .m ., C iv i c R e c e p t io n to h is
E x c e l le n c y t h e G o v e r n o r a n d O p e n in g o f
K i n g ’ s P a r a d e .
N o o n , L a y i n g o f t h e C o m m e m o r a t i o n 1
M e m o r i a l F o u n d a t io n S t o n e .
1 2 .3 0 p . m ., C h i ld r e n ’ s L u n c h c n S h o w
G r o u n d .
1 p . m ., O ffic ia l L u n c h e o n o n S h o w
G r o u n d . !
: 2 p . m ., G r a n d S p e c t a c u la r D r ill |
a n d M a y p o le D is p la y s b y S c h o o l i
C h ild r e n o n t h e S h o w G r o u n d , t o b e \
f o llo w e d b y S p o r t s .
3 - 3 0 p . m ., V i c e - R e g a l R e c e p tio n in
C o u r t -H o u s e a n d G a r d e n P a r t y in M a -
c h a t tie P a r k .
7 p . m .. B a n q u e t t o h is E x c e lle n c y th e
G o v e r n o r ( b y t h e c i t iz e n s ) .
9 p . m .. Grand C e n t e n a r y C o s t u m e B a ll
. in t h e M a s o n ic H a ll.
U p o n th e ir a r r iv a l in B a t h u r s t t h is
m o r n in g t h e G o v e r n o r a n d p a r ty w ill
j b e m e t a t t h e r a ilw a y s t a t i o n , a n 1 a f t e r ­
w a r d s d r iv e n t o “ K i l r u s h ,'’ th e rcs'ti
e n c e o f M r . J o h n M e a g h e r , M L . C . ,
; w h e r e th e y w ill b e e n te r ta in e d a t b r e a k -
1 f a s t .
THE ro u te a n d o r d e r .
T h e g r a n d p r o c e s s io n t o -d a ;- p r t m i f c s
i to b e m o s t i n t e r e s t i n g . T h e' h i s t o i k a l
a n d h u m o r o u s t a b le a u w ill b e p i o i n i n e n t j
fe a t u r e s . T h e v a r i o u s i n s t i t u t io n s h a .o
e a c h f o r m e d s e p a r a t e t a b le a u , a n d k e e n •
c o m p e t it io n f o r s u p r e m a c y i s a n t ic ip a t e d .
T h e p r o c e s s io n w ill f o r m u p o>i t h e t a . l -
w a y , l e a v i n g a t 1 0 .3 0 s h a r p , a n d w ill
p r o c e e d u p K e p p e l-s t r e e t , t o W i 'l i a m , to
P ip e r , to G e o r g e , t o D u r h a m , to W illi i n . ,
to H o w ic k . t o G e o r g e , p a s t th e C o u r t
H o u s e t o William, t o C h u r ; ’i s t r e e t , e n d
to G e o r g e , t h u s s u r r o u a i i i g th e K i n g s
P a r a d e . After the laying of th e f o a i v ’ a
tio n s t o n e , c o m p e t it i v e s e c t io n s o f t h e
p r o c e s s io n will p r o c e e d b y w a y o f G e o r g e
a n d D u r h a m s t r e e t s to t h e S h o w ' G r o u n d
to b e j u d g e d .
T h e o r d e r o f t h e p r o c e s s io n i s : —
M o u n t e d P o li c e , M i li t a r y B a n d , m ilit a r y ',
c a d e t s , M o d e l B a n d , f r i e n d ly s o c i e t i e s 1
a n d tr a d e u n io n s , a ld e r m a n a n d v i s i t o r s ,
h is to r ic a l d i s p la y , d e c o r a t e d m o t o r c a r s , !
d e c o r a te d b i c y c le s , B a t h u r s t C i t y L a n d , ;
tr a d e d i s p la y s , g i r l s ’ p o n y t u r n o u t (in j
s a d d le , b o y s ’ p o n y t u r n o u t (in s a d d l e ) , 1
b u s in e s s t u r n o u t s , s p e c t a c u la r d i s p l a y s , j
h u m o r o u s d i s p l a y s , d e c o r a t e d s u lk y , o n e I
a n d t w o h o r s e t r o lly t u r n o u t s .
T h e c a r a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m th e f o u n ­
d a t io n s to n e to t h e S h o w G r o u n d a r e : —
N o . 1 c a r — S i r F r a n c i s S u t t o r , h i s E x c e l ­
le n c y , a n d t h e M a y o r ; N o , 2 c a r — C a p t .
T a lb o t , M i s s S t r i c k l a n d , H o n . J o h n
M e a g h e r , a n d th e M a y o r e s s ; N o . 3 ca r'—
M r . A . C. C a r m ic h a e l, M i s s C . S t r i c k ­
la n d , M r s . C a r m ic h a e l, a n d M i s s S u t t o r -
N o . 4 c a r — H o n . F . J a g o S m i t h , L i e u t .-
C o lo n e l D u d l e y W T iite , M i s s B ir c h M r s
J a g o S m i t h ; N o . 5 c a r — M r . J o a n M i ll e r ,
M r s . E - S . C a r r , M r . E . S . C a r r , ivnsa
M i lle r ; N o . 6 c a r — O ffic ia ls a n d c o m m i t ­
t e e ; N o . 7 c a r — M e s s r s . L . S u t t o i a n d
H e r b e r t C . S u t to r , M r s . N . L . S u t t o r
a n d M r s . H . C . S u t to r .
T H E S P O R T S .
T h o s e w h o p a tr o n is e t h e s p o r t s m e e t
i n g o n t h e S h o w G r o u n d t o -d a v w ill h a v e ,
a n o p p o r t u n it y o f s e e i n g o iie o f f e
fin e s t s p e c t a c u la r d r ill a n d m a y p o le d i s ­
p la y s e v e r p r e s e n t e d to t h e B a t h u r s t , u h -
lic . A b o u t 2 0 0 0 s c h o o l c h ild r e n a r e to
t a k e p a r t. L a r g e e n t r ie s h a v e b e e n
r e c e iv e d in a ll t h e e v e n t s f o r t h e c h ild
r e n ’ s s p o r ts . H i s E x c e l le n c y th e
G o v e r n o r a n d s u it , t h e M i n i s t e r f o r E d u ­
c a t io n , a n d s e v e r a l m e m b e r s o f f a i l i a -
m e n t w ill b e p r e s e n t , a n d w ill v ie w t n e
s p e c t a c u la r d r ill a n d m a y p o le d i s p l a y .
A f e a t u r e o f th e a f t e r n o o n ’ s s p o r t s w ill
b e r a c e s d e v o te d to c h ild r e n u n d e r i>

y e a r s o r a g e ., m e s u m o t £ 5 h a s b ee n
se t a p a r t f o r t h is p u r p o s e , a n d a U .rge
n u m b e r o f t o y s p u r c h a s e d , a n d th e s e
w ill b e c o m p e t e d f o r in a s e r ie s o f n i c t s
f o r t h e lit t le t o t s , c o m m e n c i n g a t 4
p .m . o n t h e w e s t e r n e n d o f t h e e n .lo -
su re .
S I L v £,k XKOWr-L.
A b e a u t i fu l s ilv e r tr o w e l, t o b e u se d
b y a n d p r e s e n t e d to S ir G e r a ld S t r ic k ­
la n d in l a y i n g t h e f o u n d a t i o n s to n e o f
t h e E v a n s ’ M e m o r i a l t o - d a y , w a s o n vie w
a t M r . L . W i n t e r ’ s e s t a b lis h m e n t d u r in g
t h e w e e k . I t b e a r s th e f o llo w i n g in - j
s c r i p t i o n , f in e ly e x e c u te d a t M r . W i n ­
t e r ’ s : — “ T h i s tr o w e l w a s u s e d b y iiis
E x c e lle n c y S ir G e r a ld S t r ic k la n d ,
K . C . M . G . , G o v e r n o r o f N e w S o u th
W a l e s , t o l a y t h e fo u n d a t io n s t o n e o f
th e C e n t e n a r y M e m o r i a l in c o m m e m o r a ­
tio n o f t h e d is c o v e r y o f th e B a th u r s t
P la in s in 1 8 1 3 b y D e p u t y -S u r v e y o r -
G e n e r a l G . M . E v a n s . B a t h u r s t , N o v .
19, 1 9 1 3 .”
G R A N D C E N T E N A R Y B A L L .
T h e g r a n d c e n t e n a r y b a ll w i ll b e h e ld
> in th e M a s o n ic H a ll t o - n i g h t a t 9 o ’ c lo c k .
H is E x c e l le n c y t h e G o v e r n o r a n d s u ite j
w ill b e p r e s e n t , a n d w ill d a n c e in th e
o p e n d a n c e * . T h e l a d i e s ’ c o m m it t e e ;
h a s l e f t n o s t o n e u n t u r n e d t o m a k e
] e v e r y t h i n g a s p le a s a n t a s p o s s ib le .
I S p e c t a t o r s w ill b e w e ll c a t e r e d fo r . A
I re c o r d a t t e n d a n c e s h o u ld r e s u lt.
j T H E C O N T I N E N T A L .
; T h e B a t h u r s t D is t r i c t B a n d , 1 n d er
I th e c o n d u c to r s h ip o f M r . S . L e w i n s , w ill
r e n d e r th e f o l lo w i n g p r o g r a m m e in
, M a c h a t t i e P a r k a t t o - n i g h t ’s c o n t in e n ­
t a l : — M a r c h , “ C o n q u e r o r ” ; w a ltz ,
“ W i llo w d e n ” ; d e s c r ip t iv e fa n t a s ia ,
“ A b y s s i n i a n E x p e d i t i o n ” ; s e le c t io n ,
j “ S o u v e n ir d e R u s s e ” ; s o n g , “ M a is ie
M i n n i e ” ; i n t e r m e z z o . “ D a n c i n g in th e
M o o n ” ; s e le c t io n , “ E n g l i s h S o n g s ” ;
o v e r tu r e , “ V i l l a g e B r id e ” ; m a r c h , “ I m -
p e r a t o r .”
T I M E - T A B L E O F S P O R T S .
2 p . m . — D i s p la y s o f d r ill, m a y p o le s ,
k in d e r g a r t e n , g a m e s ; 3 .3 0 — T u g -o f -w a r .
g i r l s ’ r a c e s , b o y s ’ h a n d i c a p ; 4 — 100
y a r ^ s ( 1 4 -1 6 , 1 6 -1 8 y e a r s ) ; 4 .3 0 — 100
; y a r d s c h a m p io n s h ip , s a c k r a c e [12-14
y e a r s ); 4 . 4 o - - r e l a y r a c e ; 4 .5 0 — m i le h a n ­
d ic a p ; 5 .5 — ju n i o r o b s t a c le r a c e (u n d e r
1 5 ), s a c k r a c e ( 1 6 - 1 8 ) ; 5 .3 0 — s e n io r o b - i
s ta c le r a c e (o v e r 1 5 ) ; 5 .4 0 , s a c k r a c e j
( 1 4 -1 6 y e a r s ) .
SURVEYOR EVANS’ ACHIEVEMENT.
M R .
W A L K E R ’ S A D D R E S S T O
S T U D E N T S .
“ I t is a n i n s p i r i n g t h i n g to s e e t h e s e
y o u n g p e o p le p r e s e n t t o - d a y , a n d t h i n k ,
t h a t in th e ir h a n d s l ie s t h e f u t u r e o f
■ th is g r e a t a n d g lo r i o u s c o u n t r y ,” w a s
. M r . F . W a l k e r ’ s p r e fa t o r y r e m a r k in t h e
S c h o o l o f A r t s y e s t e r d a y a f t e r n o o n , w h e n
h e d e liv e r e d a le c t u r e o n t h e h is t o r ic a l
p h a s e o f t h e c e n t e n a r y c e le b r a t io n s . T h e
| M a y o r (A ld e r m a n A . R i g b y ) p r e s id e d ,
j a n d a m o n g t h o s e o n t h e p l a t f o r m w e r e
M r . P o w e ll ( M a y o r o f W a t e r l o o ) , M a j o r
j L o n g m u i r , C a p t a in P r i n g l e , a n d M e s s r s ,'
, W . S . S m i t h a n d F e r g u s o n . T h e h a ll
! w a s w e ll fille d .
I T h e le c t u r e r u r g e d t h e c h ild r e n to
e m u la t e t h e e x a m p le o f t h e g r e a t m e n
o f th e p a s t. H e a p p r e c ia t e d t h e fa c t
th a t A u s t r a lia n h is t o r y n o w o c c u p ie d a
p r o m in e n t p la c e in t h e e d u c a t io n s y l l a ­
b u s o f t h e s c h o o ls . T h e r e w a s a g r e a t
d e a l o f i n t e r e s t a n d a t t r a c t io n in A u s ­
tr a lia n h i s t o r y , m o r e s o to t h e m , a s A u s ­
t r a lia n s .
M r . W a l k e r s k e tc h e d t h e f u t i le e ffo r t s
o f G o v e r n o r P h i llip to p ie r c e t h e b a r r ie r
o f t h e u n k n o w n , a n d , c o m i n g tj^ "t h e
. s u c c e s s fu l " a c h ie v e m e n t o-f: B la x la n d ,
W e n t w o r t h , a n d L a w s o n , e m p h a s i s e d t h e
g r e a t i m p o r t a n c e o f t h e ir g r e a t a n d
c o u r a g e o u s w o r k . I t w a s o n e f r a u g h t
; w ith g r e a t p e r il, a n d on o n e o c c a s io n
in th e s ile n t f a s t n e s s e s Qf _ t h e Blue
M o u n t a i n s t h e y w e r e s u r r o u n d e d b y
b la c k s , b u t f o r t u n a t e l y f o r t h e m th e ir
d o g s k e p t o ff a n a t t a c k . I n t h e m o r n ­
i n g t h e y r e a lis e d h o w n a r r o w ' t h e ir
e s c a p e h a d b e e n . T h e n c a m e t h e g r e a t
E v a n s , w h o , f r o m t h e fin a l p o in t o f B la x -
la n d ’ s j o u r n e y , s a w t h e w id e a n d s w e e p ­
i n g p la in s o f t h e w e s t . I n d o m it a b le
c o u r a g e b r o u g h t s u c c e s s t o h is e f f o r t s ,
a n d h is d ia r y e v id e n c e d h o w i m p r e s s e d
h e h a d b e e n w ith t h e b e a u t i fu l c o u n t r y
h e h a d d is c o v e r e d . H e h a d n a m e d
M o u n t P le a s a n t s o o n a c c o u n t o f its
p le a s a n t v ie w . H e f o llo w e d t h e c o u r s e
o f t h e r iv e r a s f a r a s E v a n s ’ P l a i n s ,
b u t o n h i s r e tu r n jo u r n e y w e n t w 'ide o f
t h e b a n k s . G o v e r n o r M a c q u a r i e w a s
j u b i la n t a t t h e a c h ie v e m e n t o f E v a n s ,:
a n d C o x , w ith 3 0 c o n v i c t s , s t a r t e d o n t h e
c o n s t r u c t io n o f t h e w e s t e r n r o a d . T h is
fe a t w a s a c c o m p lis h e d in s ix m o n t h s .
I n c o n c lu s io n , M r . W a l k e r p a id a t r i ­
b u t e t o t h e b e a u t y o f B a t h u r s t , a f a i r e r
to w n th a n w h ic h h e h a d n o t s e e n . T h e
t o w n w a s fir s t f o u n d e d a t K e l s o , b u t
i o w i n g t o flo o d s it w a s r e m o v e d a c r o s s

t h e r iv e r , a n d w a s n o w t h e B a t h u r s t o f
th e p r e s e n t d a y . ( A p p l a u s e .)
R e lic s o f th e e a r ly d a y s w e r e s h o w n ,
in c lu d in g d u e l l i n g p i s t o l s , d r e s s sw o r d s^
a n d lo a d e d w a l k i n g s t i c k s . T h e la tte r
1 w e r e v e r y h a n d y in m e e t i n g w ith b u s h -
I r a n g e r s .
T h e M a y o r r e fe r r e d t o t h e e d u c a tio n a l
v a lu e o f t h e le c t u r e , a n d in a s k i n g tw o
s t u d e n t s t o p r o p o s e a n d s e c o n d a v o te
■ o f t h a n k s t o M r . W a l k e r , m e n t io n e d th at
t h e y w e r e tw o o f t h e y o u n g e s t p e o p le
w h o h a d e v e r b e e n c a lle d u p o n t o p e r ­
fo r m t h a t d u ty .
M a s t e r J a c k W i l l i a m s , o f t h e B a t h u r s t
H ig h S c h o o l, s a id t h e y s h o u ld fe e l t h a n k ­
fu l to M r . W a lk e r f o r h is a b le a d d r e s s .
S u c h a s u b je c t m u s t a lw a y s b e o f in ­
te r e s t to t h e p e o p le o f B a t h u r s t — th e
p r e m ie r c i t y o f t h e P l a i n s . T h e s u b ­
je c t w a s a ll t h e m o r e in t e r e s t in g a t the
p r e s e n t t i m e o n a c c o u n t o f th e c e n te n a r y
c e le b r a t io n s . ( A p p l a u s e .)
M a s t e r E d w a r d C u r r a n , o f th e P a tr i­
cia n B r o s .’ S c h o o l, in s e c o n d i n g th e
V o te o f t h a n k s , s a id t h e y h a d all g r e a t ly
b e n e fit t e d b y t h e v e r y in s t r u c tiv e le c tu r e .
T h e v o t e w a s c a r r ie d b y a c c la m a tio n .
M r . W a lk e r r e s p o n d e d .
( C h e e r s w e r e t h e n g i v e n f o r t h e le c ­
tu r e r , th e K i n g , a n d t h e M a y o r .
RIFLE MEETINC.
A t la s t, t h e B a t h u r s t C a d e t C h a lle n g e
S h ie ld , t h e s p le n d id g i f t o f th e B a t h ­
u r s t p e o p le , is to b e c o m p e t e d f o r o n c e
m o r e . T h e o ld j u n i o r c a d e t s h a v e p a s s ­
ed a w a y , a n d , P h o e n ix -lik e , th e p r e s e n t
s e n io r c a d e t s h a v e t a k e n th e ir p la c e .
D u r i n g th e p e r io d o f c h a n g e th e m a g n i ­
fic e n t s h ie ld h a s a d o r n e d t h e w a lls o f
th e B a t h u r s t D i s t r i c t S c h o o l, w h o se
; r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s w o n it s o m e f o u r y e a r s
i a g o . T h e d e s ir e o f th e d o n o r s w a s to
e n c o u r a g e r ifle s h o o t i n g a m o n g t h e r is -
j i n g g e n e r a t i o n 'l— '1 h a t th e s e sh ie ld
m a t c h e s d id so in p a s t i s p r o v e d b y th e
i w o n d e r f u lly k e e n c o n t e s t s , e x t e n d in g
o v e r m a n y y e a r s ,A e t w e e n B a t h u r s t an d
; O r a n g e f o r t h e s h ie ld , w h ic h w a s w on
: o u t r ig h t b y t h e © r a n g e ju n i o r c a d e t s in
1906 . T h e in t e r e s t in t h e n e w sh ie ld
' c o m p e t it io n is b r i n g i n g t e a m s f r o m
M u d g e e , L i t h g o w , a n d P e n r i t h , I t is a
' p i t y o u r o ld r iv a ls — O r a n g e — a r e n o t re-
, p r e s e n te d . N e v e r t h e le s s t h e e n tr ie s — 8
■ t e a m s f o r t h e s h ie ld a n d 8 0 f o r t h e in d i­
v id u a l m a t c h e s — c o n s t it u t e a r e c o r d e n ­
try . T h e s h ie ld is o n e x h ib it io n ir. M r .
S h u lz e ’ s w in d o w , n e x t t h e R o v a l H o te l.
T h e v i s i t i n g c a d e ts a r e : — W i n d s o r 3 5 ,
M u d g e e 2 7 , P e n r it h 3 0 , a n d L i t h g o w 30.
T h e tw o f i r s t -n a m e d c o m p a n i e s a r e p a y ­
i n g t h e i r o w n e x p e n s e s .
OLD MEMORIES
A PIONEER POLITICIAN.
W H O F O U G H T F O R T H E
R A I L W A Y .
W E S T E R N
A m o n g s t th e l a r g e c o n c o u r s e o f v is it-
1 o rs t o B a t h u r s t f o r t h e C e n t e n a r y c e le -
I b r a t io n s is a la d y w h o s e p r e s e n c e w ill
I r e k in d le t h e e m b e r s o f m e m o r v w ith in
th e m i n d s o f th e o ld e r p o r tio n o f B a t h ­
u r s t ’ s c itiz e n s . T h is is M r s . E l l e n D o n ­
n e lly , o f M i l s o n ’ s P o in t . M r s . D o n ­
n e lly i s o n e o f t h e s u r v iv in g , d a u g h t e r s
o f t h e l a t e M r . W i ll i a m C u m r n in g s , o n e
o f th e p io n e e r p o li t i c ia n s w h o r e p r e s e n t ­
e d t h e o ld E a s t M a c q u a r i e e le c t o r a t e in
P a r li a m e n t , b a c k in th e d a y s w h ic h aro
; n o w o n ly a m e m o r y .
I M r s . D o n n e ll y s p e n t m a n y y e a r s o f
j h e r l i f e in th e w e s t, a n d . w ith in th e
! v ic in it y o f B a t h u r s t , a n d s h e n a t u r a l ly
| c h e r is h e s a k e e n in t e r e s t in t h i s , th e
1 p r e m ie r c i t y o f t h e w e s t e r n p l a i n s .
! M r . C u m m i n g s w a s f o r a . p e r io d o f
18 y e a r s o n e o f t h e m e m b e r s f o r th e
! o ld E a s t M a c q u a r i e e le c t o r a te . M r .
W illia m S u t t o r w a s , d u r i n g t h e g r e a t e r
; p o r tio n o f t h a t t i m e , t h e o t h e r m e m b e r .
; M r . C u m m i n g s w a s a lw a y s r e g a r d e d a s
■ th e r e p r e s e n t a t iv e , n o t o n ly o f E a s t
M a c q u a r ie , b u t o f t h e g r e a t w e s t e r n i n ­
te rio r. H e c o n t in u o u s ly u r g e d u p o n
P a r l i a m e n t . th e c la im s o f t h i s g r e a t
a r e a , s o r ic h i n i t s p o te n t ia lit ie s . T h e
m a k i n g a n d r e p a ir in g o f r o a d s , b r i d g e s ,
a n d p u b lic b u ild i n g s t h r o u g h o u t t h e
w e s t, w e n t o n w ith a n e n e r g y w h ic h
d e r iv e d i t s s p r i n g f r o m t h e P a r li a m e n t ­
a r y e f f o r t s o f M r . C u m m i n g s .
M r . C u m m i n g s ’ g r e a t e s t a c h ie v e - :
m e n t, h o w e v e r , w a s t h e s t r e n u o u s f i g h t
w h ic h h e p u t u p i n P a r li a m e n t in
th e d ir e c tio n o f c o m m e n c i n g t h e c o n ­
s tr u c tio n o f t h e ^ r e a t w e s t e r n r a ilw a y .
F o r u p w a r d s o f T o u r y e a r s , in t h e f a c e
o f s t r o n g o p o p s i t io n , M r . C u m m i n g s
b a ttle d b r a v e ly f o r a g r a n t o f £ 5 5 , 0 0 0
fo r th e c o m m e n c e m e n t o f t h is g r e a t
u n d e r t a k in g . H e p o in t e d oU t to h is
fe llo w p a r lia m e n t a r ia n s t h a t u n t il th e
“ I r o n H o r s e w e n t o v e r t h e m o u n t a i n s ,
th e g r e a t w e s t e r n c o u n t r y w o u l d n e v e r
b e o p e n e d u p .” A t la s t h e r e a c h e d t h e
g o a l o f h is a m b i t i o n , a n d t h e g r a n t
i o f £ 5 5 , 0 0 0 w a s s a n c t io n e d b v th e
H o u s e . T h u s it w ill b e s e e n M r . ' C u m -
f ; m i n g s p la y e d a g r e a t p a r t in t h e o p e n ­
i n g u p o f o u r g r e a t w e s t e r n c o u n t r y .
W e o f th e p r e s e n t d a y . w h o t r a v e l in a
fa s t , w e ll-e q u ip p e d m a i l t r a in , s h o u ld j
k e e p g r e e n in o u r m e m o r ie s t h is p io - ]
;____ ; n e e r p o litic ia n w h o f o u g h t s o s t r e n u - h i ' - ~

12-4 Q.Uk]

o u s ly m t h e d ir e c tio n o f s ta r tin g - o u r
p r e s e n t w e s t e r n r a ilw a y s y s t e m .
M r . C u m m i n g s , in a d d r e s s i n g th e
A s s e m b l y o f t h e d a y s o f o ld , h a d c e rta in
p e c u lia r itie s o f p r o n u n c ia t io n w h ic h
w o u ld h a v e s u b je c t e d h im t o a c e r ta in
a m o u n t o f r id ic u le , b u t f o r t h e s t r o n g
1 t h r e a d o f c o m m o n s e n s e a n d c o r r e c t r e a ­
s o n in g w h ic h r a n t h r o u g h t h e w h o le o f
h is s p e e c h e s . B u t h e w a s a p a s t -m a s t e r
in th e a rt o f r e p a r t e e H e h a d th e
I r is h m a n ’ s g i f t o f m a k i n g a r e a d y a n ­
sw e r , a n d it w e n t h a r d w ith t h o s e w-ho i
e s s a y e d to c r it ic is e t h e s a y i n g s o r d o -
m g s o f t h e m e m b e r f o r E a s t M a c q u a r ie .
T h e r e w a s b u t o n e m a n in t h e H o u s e ,
| t h e s m a lle s t c h a n c e of c o m in g
j o ff s c a t h e le s s in a c o n flic t o f w it, a n d
; th a t w a s M r . D a i le y . M r . C u m m i n g s ’
( s u c c e s s in g e t t i n g w h a t h e d e m a n d e d
fo r h i s c o n s t it u e n t s w a s d u e in a g r e a t
m e a s u r e t o h is im p o r t u n ity . H e p le a d ­
e d h is c la im s in a lo u d v o ic e , a n d w ith
a n a lm o s t p e r p e t u a l r e it e r a t io n , u n til
th e y w e r e s u b s t a n t i a lly a c k n o w le d g e d .
P r o b a b ly n o m a n o f h i s d a y d id s o m u c h
m P a r li a m e n t t o w a r d s t h e b u ild i n g u p i
o f th e w e s te r n d i s t r i c t , th a n th e -la t e M r . i
C u m m in g s . A s a p r iv a te m e m b e r o f i
s o c ie t y , a s a h u s b a n d , a s a fa t h e r , a n d !
a s a f r i e n d , M r . C u m m i n g s w a s tr u ly i
e s t im a b le . H e le d a u s e fu l lif e a n d
g r e w g r e y in t h e d i lig e n t d is c h a r g e o f
h is dutie.s.
M r . C u m m i n g s m e t a n u n t im e l y d e a th
Upwards o f 4 2 years ago. H e was
th r o w n f r o m h i s b u g g y in t h e v ic in ity
° f . P e e l, a n d d ie d a s a r e s u lt o f th e
in ju r ie s w h ic h h e r e c e iv e d .
M r . C u m m i n g s , w a s a l a r g e h e a r te d
a n d h o n e s t m e m b e r o f th e L e g i s la t u r e
a n d o n e o f t h e m o s t p r a c t ic a l m e n w h o
; e v e r s a t w ith in i t s w a lls .
I t is p a s s i n g s t r a n g e t h a t s o m e e ffo r t
h a s n o t b e e n m a d e in t h is d is tr ic t to
m e m o r ia lis e t h e a c h ie v e m e n t s o f th e
la te M r . C u m m i n g s . S u r e ly , h i s s t r e n ­
u o u s f i g h t f o r t h e g o o d o f o u r g r e a t
w e s t la n d i s w o r t h y o f s o m e r e c o g n i-
t i o n .........................
( A s s i s i *
FIRST SETTLERS.
OLD NAMES RECALLED.
K E L S O C H U R C H .
(B y “ P i o n e e r ” in t h e “ S y d n e y M a i l . ” )
A H u n d r e d y e a r s ! H o w t h i n g s h a v e
c h a n g e d in t h a t t i m e ; I f t h o s e fir s t
te n p io n e e r s w h o f o llo w e d s o q u ic k l y in
th e f o o t s t e p s o f B la x la n d , W e n t w o r t h ,
L a w s o n , a n d E v a n s o v e r t h e w ild B lu e
M o u n t a in s r a n g e s to a c c e p t t h e G o v ­
e r n m e n t ’ s o f f e r o f f r e e g r a n t s o f la n d
a t K e l s o a n d B a t h u r s t c o u ld r e t u r n t o ­
d a y , w h a t w o u ld b e t h e i r f e e l i n g s ?
W o u ld th e y r e c o g n i s e in t h e w id e , w e llk
e p t , t r e e -lin e d s t r e e t s , w ith t h e ir b e a u ­
t ifu l p a r k s a n d lo f t y b u i l d i n g s , a n d t h e ir
t h r o n g s o f g a y h u m a n i t y , w ith a ll t h e
m o d e r n c o n v e n ie n c e s o f t r a v e l, t h e s ile n t
s c e n e , p e o p le d o n ly w ith d u s k y a b o r i g i ­
n a ls a n d w ild a n im a l s , th iit g r e e t e d
th e m o n th e ir a r r iv a l w i t h c a m p i n g
o u tfit t o f o r m th e n u c le u s o f t h i s n o w
f lo u r is h in g c i t v ?
F I R S T T E N S E T T L E R S .
T h e f ir s t te n s e t t le r s w e r e , I b e l i e v e ,
M e s s r s . J a m e s V i n c e n t . J o h n N e v e l l ,
R ic h a r d M i l l s , T h o m a s K i t e , J o s e p h
M o u ld e r . G e o r g e K a b l e , W i ll i a m L e e ,
T h o m a s C h e s h ir e , J o h n D a r g i n . a n d Ar>p
le t t , a n d th e v w 'ere m e n w h o w r o t e t h e ir
-n a m e s i n d e lib ly o n t h e p a g e s o f t h e
e a r ly H is to r y o f th e c o lo n y . S o m e o f th e
y o u n g e r b r a n c h e s o f t h e s e o l d f a m i li e s
s till r e s id e w ith in th e B a t h u r s t d is t r ic t s —
n o ta h lv t h e L e e s . K it e s , a n d K a b l e s .
T h e M o u l d e r f a m i 'v is w e ll k n o w n a b o u t
O r a n g e a n d C o n d o b o lin . A m o n g s t t h e
b e s t k n o w n o f th e M i ll s f a m i l y is D r .
A r th u r M i l 's , o f S v d n e v , w h o s e u n c le .
G e o r g e M i l l s , w a s t h e ftr s t w h it e c h ild
b o r n in B a t h u r s t , a n d t o w h o m th e G o v ­
e r n m e n t o ffe r e d a g r a n t o f 1 0 0 a c r e s o f
la n d . T h e N e v e lls a r e n o w r e s id e n t in
t h e M u d g e e a n d R y l s t o n e d i s t r ic t s o f
N e w S o u t h W’ a le s a n d in W e s t e r n
Q u e e n s la n d . I n th e ir i d e n t i t y is s u n k
th a t o f J a m e s V i n c e n t , w h o s e o n l y s u r ­
v i v i n g c h ild b e c a m e t h e w ife o f J o h n
N e v e l l , a n d t h e y s till h o ld t h e V i n c e n t
g r a n t o f la n d , t h e N e v e l l g r a n t , o n p a r t
o f w h ic h t h e K e l s o r a i lw a y s t a t io n n o w
s ta n d s , h a v in g b e e n s o ld w ith in th e la s t
fe w y e a r s . T h e w h e r e a b o u t s o f t h e d e ­
s c e n d a n t s o f t h e C h e s h i r e , A p p l e t t s ,
a n d D a r g i n s h a v e p a s s e d f r o m t h e
w r ite r ’ s k n o w le d g e .

F o r y e a r s th e p i o n e e r s ’ h o ld in g s w e re
u n fe n c e d , la n d -m a r k s a t fir s t , a n d la te r
a p lo u g h e d f u r r o w , b e i n g u s e d to d e fin e
‘ h e b o u n d a r ie s o f e a c h fa r m . T h e G o v ­
e r n m e n t s u p p lie d t h e se e d w h e a t, w h ic h
w a s p u t in b y m e a n s o f a g a r d e n h o e ,
a n d w h e n ’ h e c r o p s w e r e h a r v e s te d e a c h
fa r m e r h a d t o r e tu r n to th e G o v e r n m e n t
as m u c h s e e d g r a i n a s h e h a d b e e n s u p ­
p lie d w ith . T h is r u le a s s u r e d a p le n t i­
fu l s u p p ly o f s e e d a lw a y s in th e G o v ­
e r n m e n t s to r e s . A g r e a t im p r o v e m e n t
m f a r m i n g c a m e w h e n w o o d e n p lo u g h s ,
w e r e o b t a in a b le . M r . J a m e s R a n k in
w a s o n e o f th e fir s t to o w n o n e in B a t h ­
u r s t. H e o ffe r e d t o g i v e t h e p lo u g h to
M r . N e v e l l if h e w o u ld c a r r y it h o m e
on h is b a c k . T h e d is t a n c e w a s a b o u t a
c o u p le o f m i le s , a n d t h e p lo u g h w a s
h e a v y ; b u t it w a s a g r e a t p r iz e , s o th e '
h a r d y p io n e e r a c c e p t e d th e o ffe r a n d
c a r r ie d it h o m e .
T h e w h e a t w a s r e a p e d b y h a n d a n d
b o u n d in s h e a v e s ; t h e n s t a c k e d , th a t c h
f o r c o v e r i n g b e i n g m a d e f r o m r u s h e s
f r o m t h e r i v e r -b a n k s . I t w a s a fte r w a r d s
th r e s h e d w i t h a fla il a n d g r o u n d in t o
flo u r w ith s t e e l h a n d -m i lls . I n th e e a r ly
d a y s th e a s s i g n e d s e r v a n t s (c o n v ic ts )
w e r e e a c h g i v e n s e v e n q u a r t s o f w h e a t
•on S a t u r d a y , a n d t h a t a ft e r n o o n th e y
g r o u n d t h e ir w e e k ly s u p p ly o f flo u r f r o m
it. T o o ls w e r e , o f c o u r s e , r a r e , a n d
th e r e is s t i ll in e x is t e n c e a v e r y r o u g n lv
m a d e h a m m e r t h a t t w o o f t h e o ld B a ­
th u r s t n e ig h b o r s w e n t in to p a r tn e r s h ip
to s h a r e t h e e x p e n s e o f b u y i n g .
T h e n t h e r e w a s K i t e ’ s c a b b a g e g a r d e n , i
T h e r e w e r e n u m e r o u s in q u ir ie s a b o u t
t h i s w h e n it b e c a m e k n o w n t h a t M r .
K it e h a d a n n o u n c e d t h a t h e w o u ld
g i v e a c a b b a g e g a r d e n to a n y m a n w h o
w a s c a p a b le o f m i n d i n g “ h i s ow n b u s i -
|n e s s .” E a c h a p p lic a n t f o r it w a s s u b -
|je c t e d t o a r i g o r o u s c r o s s -e x a m in a t io n
b y M r . K i t e o n h i s a b ility e n d e d b y
M r . K it e s a y i n g : “ W e l l , t h is c a b b a g e
g a r d e n is m y b u s in e s s . M a y I a s k w h a t
y o u h a v e t o d o w i t h i t ? ” T h e c a b b a g e
g a r d e n , o f c o u r s e , n e v e r f o u n d a n o t h e r
o w n e r , a n d b e c a m e th e j o k e o f th e d i s ­
t r ic t.
T H E F I R S T C H U R C H .
T h e f ir s t fr e e s e t t le r s liv e d in K e l s o ,
th e p e n a l s e t t le m e n t b e i n g a t B a t h u r s t ,
a m i le d i s t a n t , t h o M a c q u a r ie R iv e r
f lo w in g b e t w e e n . T h e fir s t c h u r c h b u ilt
o v e r th e B lu e M o u n t a i n s w a s th e
C h u r c h o f E n g l a n d a t K e l s o , a n d th e
B ib le u s e d at t h e o p e n i n g s e r v ic e in th e
p r e s e n t b u ild i n g , w h i c h s u c c e e d e d a
s m a ll w o o d e n o n e , i s n o w in p o s s e s s io n
o f M r s . H . W . N e v e l l , C h in c h illa ( Q .)
h e r fa t h e r , t h e la te M r . W . E . S a m p s o n ,
| h a v in g e x c h a n g e d h is p o c k e t B ib le f o r
) t h e la r g e c h u r c h B i b le w ith t h e R e v .
K e a n e w h e n h e ( M r . K e a n e ) wra s r e t u r n ­
i n g t o E n g l a n d . T h i s B i b le i s in a n
e x c e lle n t s t a t e o f p r e s e r v a t io n , a n d is
b o u n d in d a r k r e d c a l f w ith g o l d le t t e r -
I t w a s p r in te d in 1 7 7 2 in t h e o ld
h -n g lis h t y p e , m a k i n g it s o m e w h a t d iffic
u lt f o r t h e p r e s e n t - d a y s t u d e n t to
re a d . I t a ls o c o n t a in s t h e 14 b o o k s o f
th e A p o c r y p h a , w h ic h a r e n o t u s u a llv
b o u n d in th e B i b le s o f t o -d a y . U p o n its
p a g e s a re m a n y m a r g i n a l n o te s a n d
m a r k e d t e x t s o f t h e p r e a c h e r s w h o h a v e
p a s s e d f r o m u s . I w ill q u o t e a f e w —
2 2 n d c h a p t e r P r o v e r b s , 6 t h v e r s e ( t h r
B i s h o p ’ s s e r m o n a t T h o r p e , A u g u s t q ,
1 8 1 6 ); 7 th c h a p t e r . H e b r e w s , 2 5 t h v e r s e
(M r . S c o t t , N o v e m b e r 2 6 , 1 8 1 5 ); 2 n d
c h a n t e r E x c d u s . 8 . o 1 0 v e r s e s ( M r .
T"ffprsor>’ s c h a r itv s e r m o n a t R a m s a v
'V r e m h - 'r i , 1 8 1 6 ) T ^ n t h e r e a r e t h e
" s m e s o f 'he R e v s W h i n f i e l d , H a r r i s o n .
co tt (th e v o u n g e r ) — e n t r ie s t h a t h a v e
s t o o d th e te s t o f t im e f o r n e a r ly a
’’ U n d r e d e v a r s , f o r I f a n c y th e s e w e r e
M E n g l is h c l e r g y m e n , w h o u s e d th e
° k b e f o r e it w a s b r o u g h t t o h e lp in
r h y m e w o r s h ip in o u r s o u th e r n c lim e .
T S is B ib le wra s a ls o u s e d a t t h e o p e n i n g
o f t h e first c h u r c h e s a t B a t h u r s t a n d
M u d eree.
B o o k s wre r e r a r e w h e n P a r s o n K e a n e
'a s h e w a s k n o w n b v h is flo c k ) liv e d ip
B a t h u r s t , a n d i n t e r e s t a t t a c h e s a ls o t o a
s m a ll b o o k . " R i ^ e a n d P r o g r e s s o f R e -
licrion in t h e S o u l .” b e a r i n g in h is h a ^ d
w r itin g th e in s c r ip t io n , “ F r o m M r
K e a n * t0 M r . V i n c e n t a n d M r . a n d M r *
N e v e ll. f o r t h e : r j o i n t u s e . M a v G o d ’ s
M e s s i n g a t t e n d t h a t u s e . P a r s o n a g e
J a n u a r y 1 st 1 8 3 5 .” T h o u g h t h e w r itin tr
h a s n o t fa d e d o n th e l e a f , y e l l o w w ith
asre, n o d o u b t th e g i v e r , a s w e ll a s th e
r e c ip ie n t s , h a s lon g - s i n c e jo i n e d th e
e r e a t m a jo r i t y , l e a v i n g p e r h a p s b u t fe w
s u c h s i le n t w itn e s s e s o f h i s g r e a t lif e -
w o rk a m o n g s t th e e a r lv s e t t le r s o f th e
m o t h e r S t a t e o f A u s t r a lia .
A n o t h e r r e lic o f t h e o ld B a t h u r s t d a y s
, is a s m a l l w o o d e n c a s k , s e v e n in c h e s
h i g h , f o u r a n d a h a lf i n c h e s in . d i a ­
m e t e r ( o u t s id e m e a s u r e m e n t s ) , h o ld i n g
1 o n e q u a r t , w ith f o u r ir o n h o o p s a r o u n d
it, th a t c o n t a in e d t h e o n lv s p ir it s t h a t
w e r e u s e d a t t h e t w e n t y -f ir s t b ir t h d a y
p a r ty o f W i llia m L e e , m e n t io n e d b e f o r e
a s o n e o f t h e fir s t s e t t le r s . I t w a s a
p r e s e p t f r o m t h e la te M r . J o h n N e v e l l ,
O n condition t h a t t h e cask was returned
to h im a s a m e m e n to o f th e o c c a s io n ,
a n d , t h o u g h it b e a r s t h e s i g n s o f a g e ,
j it h a s o n ly o n e b r o k e n s t a v e , a n d t h r e e
j

o f th e h o o p s a r e q u it e n r m .
A m o n g s t o t h e r e a r ly s e t t l e r s a t B a t h ­
u rst w e re M e s s r s . R ic h a r d L e w i s . G e e .
C o x , a n d W i llia m L a w s o n c o m m a n d a n t
j a t B a t h u r s t , a n d d is c o v e r e r o f t h e M u d
! g e e c o u n t r y ) . T h e s e t h r e e m e n fin a ll>
e s t a b lis h e d t h e ir h o m e s a t M u d g e e in
1.821. T h e r e a r e a ls o in c lu d e d in th e
o ld B a t h u r s t d a y s th e f a m i li a r n a m e s o f
M c P h i lla m y , S u t t o r . G o r m a n , R o t t o n ,
C h a r lt o n , L a n g l e y , D r . C lu e t t , J a c k T y e ,
1 a n d m a n y o t h e r s , w h o a d d e d th e ir q u o t a
j to t h e r e c o r d s o f t h e w e s t e r n d is t r ic t
1 c lo s e o n a c e n t u r y a g o .
CITY OF
THE WEST.
THE BIRTHDAY OF
BATHURST.
CENTENARY OF EVANS’
DISCOVERY.
P R E S E N T C I T Y O F T H E
P L A I N S .
Tbis is the centenary of the birthday of :
Bathurst. One hundred years ago Surveyor
George William Evans and his party of discoverers
stood on Evans’ Crown, a remarkable
rocky outcrop near Tarana, and looking before
him caught the first glimpse of the locality
where th« future city of Bathurst was to
stand. Yesterday in that city the Governor,
Sir Gerald Strickland, laid the foundation-
Btone of a memorial to the explorer—the man
who had forced an entrance through the Blue
Mountains, and discovered the remarkably rich

SURVEYOB GEOEGE WILLIAM
EVANS.
f f h e G o v e r n o r la id t h e f o u n d a t io n -s t o n e o f
a m e m o r ia l t o t h e e x p lo r e r a t B a t h u r s t
, y e s t e r d a y .
plains beyond. One hundred years ago the
place where Bathurst stands had been untrodden
by the foot o[ white man—being the haunt
of the aboriginal and of kangaroos and emus, j
Indeed, it was a magnificent hunting-ground. !
Now there stands on that site a prosperous
city—the largest inland city in New South
Waies—with a population of over 10,000, while
the population of the district is over 25,080.
Bathurst's prosperity was in its early days
due to agriculture and pastoral resources. Then
In the ’ fifties it was the centre of a big gold
rush. Later on, as the terminus of the railway,
it flourished as the distributing centre for the
fine district to the southward. Now, though
robbed of much of this incentive to growth, it
has discovered another—fruit cultivation.
Around Bathurst there sre some o f the largest
orchards to be found in New South Wales, and
recent years have seen a very large increase
in the area devoted to apple-growing. As a
result the city is still forging ahead. The fact
that the city is actually 2333 feet above the
sea level makes it one of the healthiest places
in which to reside. It is generally recogniscd
as a sanatorium for pulmonary patients, as it
possesses a fine salubrious climate. Ihe city
is distant 145 miles by rail from Sydney, and
yet, such is the enterprise of its people, that
its public buildings and its park3 surpass those
of any municipality outside of Sydney, t o r
aesthetic beauty and charm this city, viewed
from an elevation, is superb. It is a garden
city—the houses being interspersed in a field
of verdure. It is perhaps the most beautiful
city in the State. It has certainly the right to
the title of “ The Queen City of the W est.”
DISCOVERY BY EVANS.
I It is strange that, although Bathurst has
j erected a fine South African Soldiers’ Memorial
! and other monuments, this is the first occasion
j on which it has thought of perpetuating the ,
j name of the explorer to whom it owes its I
existence. Evans’s Crown, at Tarana, and
Evans’s Lookout, near Blackheath, are named
after him, but in Bathurst City there is up to
the present no permanent memorial. And yet
the people of Bathurst are not slow. They
have anticipated even the present centenary
by a fortnight. It will be remembered that
a few months ago the centenary of the Crossing
of the Blue Mountains was celebrated
with due pomp and enthusiasm at Mount V ictoria,
when the names of Bl&xland, Lawson,
and Wentworth were honored. Their success
was attained in June, 1813. At the time the |
young colony hitherto hemmed in by what j
was regarded as impassable mountains, was ,
prospecting around for more territory—good j
land for flocks, herds, and agriculture. Con- j
sequently, when it was found that the mountain
barrier could be crossed Governor Macquarie
lost no time in despatching an expedition
to spy out the land to the westward. Surveyor
George W illiam Evans was given the
honor of leading the party, which started on
November 20, 1913, from Emu Island (now
known as Emu Plains), distant about 36 miles
from Sydney, carrying with them the Governor's
instructions as follow :— “ You are to
proceed in as nearly a west direction as the
nature of the country you have to explore
will admit, and you are to continue this
journey as far as your means will enable
you."
In five days Evans and hi* five men, equipped
with horses, ammunition, and ample stores
for a two months' trip, had crossed the Blue
Mountains and arrived at the commencement ,

HOLY TRINITY CHURCH AT KELSO,
W h ic h i s t lie o l d e s t c h u r c h w e s t o f t h e B l u e M o u n t a i n s . A w o o d e n c h u r c h w a s e r e e le d in 1826, a n d (h e p r e s e n t b u iid in -
,was substituted on the site la 18S5.

of a valley on the western side of them, having
passed over several tracts of tolerably
good soil, but also over much rugged and
very difficult mountainous country. Proceeding
through this valley, which Evans
described as “ beautiful and fertile,’*
with a rapid stream running through
it, he arrived at the termination of
the tour made by Blaxland, Wentworth,
and Lawson. Continuing westward, he crossed
a well-grassed but rugged and broken country,
which was subsequently called the Clarence
Hilly Ranges.
ALMOST DISHEARTENED.
After that, Evans endured some of the anxieties
inseparable from the work of an explorer.
His diary shows that he made the following
record on November 29:—“ I stopped in very
bad spirits, not being able to get on. We are
completely entangled among the hills, and we
are able to make very little westing in our
course. W ere it not for the horses, the difficulty
to ourselves would be nothing. They are
sometimes difficult to manage, and soon tire
among the highlands. When so they wrill not
move. After travelling 2% miles we are on a
lofty hill from whence the country north-west
is all forest hills as far as I could see, which
was about 15 miles. Every other direction was
obscured by high ranges. It is impossible
there can be a better grazing track of land with
the same good appearance, as far as I have
been able to get a sight of it to the westward.”
As indicating the slow progress ihat was
made by Evans and his men it may be mentioned
that on that day they only‘ travelled 3^
miles. On the following day (November 30),
Evans was able to write in a more hopeful
j strain. His entry in the diary w7as as follows:—
“ I have at length reached the ridge I so much
wished to after walking about two miles, where
I had a prospect to the north for a great distance.
A mist arises from a part I suppose to
bo a river or a large lagoon about 20 miles off.
The country in this direction has a fine appearance,
the trees being thin and the hills covered
with grass. A quarter of a mile further along
the range I came to a very high mount, whence
I was much pleased with the sight westward.
I think I can see 40 miles, which had the look
of an open country. To the south of me there are
large hills, much higher than the one I am
on, with pasture to their tops. This range is
rather overrun wTith underwood and larger timber
growing thereon, but the sides are as green
as possible. In descending for two miles the
Tverdure is gooa; the descent then becomes steep
for a quarter of a mile leading into a fine valley.
At the end I met a large rivulet arising
from the southern hills. We shot ducks, and
caught several trout weighing at least 51b. or
61b. each. Distance travelled. 5% miles.”
FINDING THE BATHURST PLAINS.
He followed the course of the rivulet. On
the north side of it wras a remarkable sugarloaf
hill, having a stone on the peak of it. He
writes:—“ I have named this hill after myself.”
The lofty peak he speaks of is actually 3200ft.
above sea level, and is now known as Evans’s
Crown. It is not far from Tarana, and plainly
visible from the railway line. Standing on the
top of this peak on Wednesday, December 1,
Evans obtained his first glimpse of the Bathurst
Plains, and, in the far distance, the site where
the future Queen City of the W est wfas to stand.
At this stage he writes in his diary:—“ I am
more pleased with the country every day. It is
a great extent of grazing land, without being
divided by barren spaces, as on the east side
of the mountains. It is well watered by running
streams, in almost every valley.” Next
day his language was even more eulogistic.
“ On considering the fine country we have passed
through this day,” he wrote, “ I think it equal
to Van Diemen’s Land. The river winds through
! fine flats and round the points of small ridges
\that gradually descend to it, covered with the
finest grass, and intermixed with the white '
daisy, as in England.”
This river he named the Fish River, as it
supplied an abundance of fish. He followed it
until it junctioned with another stream, which
he called Campbell River, after Mrs. Macquarie’s
maiden name. He then discovered and
named the Macquarie Plains, on w’hich Lawson’s
house was subsequently erected, Lawson having
received a grant of 1000 acres of land as a reward
for his w'ork. Subsequently he came t
the main river, which he promptly named M acquarie
River.
It was on Friday, December 10, that Evans
reached what he described as “ a very handsome
mount.” To this he gave the name Mount
Pleasant—which it retains to this day, Mount i
Pleasant being the home of the Stewart family, I
descendants of Major-General Stewart. From
Mount Pleasant Evans writes that he saw a
very fine plain. It is on that plain that the
stately city of Bathurst stands to-day.
BLACKS FLEE FROM THEM.
Although, when settlement took place, the
blacks, by their thieving propensities, caused
considerable annoyance, they did not attack the
Evans expedition. Traces of them were discovered
by Evans, but only six were observed
by the party, and these were frightened by the
presence of the white -men, and made oft into

[the bush.
EVANS REWARDED.
When Evans returned to Sydney and reported
to the Governor his discovery of the Bathurst
Plains—named after the Principal Secretary for
the Colonies, Lord Bathurst—the latter immediately
set Captain William Cox to work to
build a road to Bathurst. The convicts engaged
on the work were urged to strenuous efforts by
the promis of remissions of sentences and par
dons. As a result of this “ speeding-up process,
the road to Bathurst was completed in
1S13, when the Governor and Mrs. Macquarie
visited the Bathurst Plains. As a reward for
his discovery, Evans was granted 1000 acres of
lanu in Tasmania, in addition to a small pecuniary
payment. Evans died in Hobart, at Warwick
Lodge, in 1852, at the age of 74 years—
just when the plains he had discofered were
i in the first convulsions of the gold rush. His
j tomb in the old neglected cemetery in Hobart
; bears the inscription:—“ Here is resting the
Iremains of the father of Australian explorers.”
LOOKING BACKWARD.
SOME OF THE OLD PIOXEEES.
It is a peculiar fact that Bathurst, unlike
j most of the important towns of New South
Wales, has never had its history properly *
compiled. There is no question that its history
if properly written would make most interesting
reading, for it would treat of the early
convict settlement, then of the pastoral and
agricultural industry, of the gold discoveries,
and then of the thrilling encounters with bushrangers.
But of the early days it is exceedingly
difficult to gather authentic information.
Traditions abound, but when carefully sifted
they are found to be very far from actual
facts.
It is undisputed that Bathurst was originally
a convict settlement, the free settlers at Kelso,
which is about two miles distant, being pro-
J hibited from entering the area. It was not
more than a few years however before this
ban was removed and free settlers soon were
found scattered over the Bathurst Plains. The
first ten settlers according to the descendant
of one of the pioneers were Messrs. James Vincent.
Thomas Kite, John Nevell, W illiam Lee,
Joseph Moulder, John Dargrin, George Kable,
I Richard Mills, Thomas Cheshire, and T. Ap-
|plett. Some of the descendants of these fine
old pioneers are still to be found in the Bathurst
district, though many have wandered to
the most distant parts of Australia. Residents
in the Bathurst districts point out the younger
branches of the Lees, the Kites, and the Kables.
Amongst tile best known of the Mills family is
Dr. Arthur Mills, of Sydney, whose uncle, Mr.
George Mills was the first white child born
in Bathurst, and to whom the Government
offered a grant of 100 acres of land. The
Moulder family is well known in the Orange
and Condobolin districts. The Nevells have
migrated to Mudgee, and Rylstone, in Queensland.
Mr James Vincent’s only surviving child
became the wife of Mr John Nevell, and they]
still hold the original Vincent grant of land, \
011 part of which the Kelso railway station j
now stands, that portion having been sold a ;
few years ago Among other early settlers at [
Bathurst was Messrs George Cox, Richard j
Lewis, and W illiam Lawson These three :
men finally established their homes at Muagee
in 1821 There are also included in those very I j
early days the familiar names of MacPhillamy,
Webb, Suttor, Gorman, Rotton, Charlton Langley,
Jack Tye, and many others.
Among the original settlers at Bathurst was
Mr. George Ranken. He was the first of the
name to come to Australia, early in last century,
and both he and his wife were most enterprising
people. He built the bridge that enabled >
the people to get their produce to market. It
was carried away after long years by a great
flood. He planted a vineyard, of which the
wfne, if it had been kept, would have been
priceless now. and Mrs. Ranken was famous for
her dairy and her cheeses. Besides, they
brought out a number of German immigrants,
who have done well in this country. Mr. George
Ranken left four properties to his surviving
soils, Saltram, Sheet of Bark. Killoshiels, and
Eglington, but no Ranken owns an acre in the
Bathurst district now. It is remembered that
Mr. George Ranken was one of the first of the
pioneers to own a plough—and a wooden one
at that. Previously, wheat and all other crops
had been put in by means of a garden hoe.
THE SUTTOR FAMILY.
The best-known family in the Bathurst district
is probably the descendants of that sturdy
representative colonist, Mr. George Suttor—
the grandfather of Sir Francis Suttor. President
of the Legislative Council. He took an im ­
portant part in the founding of the Bathurst
settlement, and his family has ever since been
prominent in the records of the State. Mr.
George Suttor was born at Chelsea, in 1776, and •

sailed with his wife to Australia, in 1799, arri\-
ing in the following year. After an interesting
career during which he held several Government
appointments, he obtained Governor Brisbane’s
permission to take up land in the Bathurst
district. Then prosperity smiled on his
efforts. In a few years under his son’s management
his sheep were numbered by thousands,
( t
and his cattle bv hundreds.
His son, Mr. William Henry Suttor, was 16
years old when he went with his father to tbs
Bathurst district, taking less than 400 sheep, a
few cattle, one horse, and the promise of a
grant of land. He settled at Brucedale, on the
. Winburndale Rivulet, about eight miles northerly
from Bathurst. Here the sheep and cattle
increased very quickly, and large farming operations
were carried on. Unlike many of his
neighbors, he never had any trouble with the
aborigines, who, under the leadership of their
; chief, Windradine, or Saturday, committed ravages
upon the settlers’ flocks and herds around
the early settlement at Bathurst. He attributed
his immunity from their attacks to his
treatment of them, and the kindly interest he
took in their welfare. He had learned to
ppeak their language. His favorite black boy,
Pen-nee-grah, was his guide in many excursions
among the hills and valleys of the generally
rough country over which his flocks and
herds afterwards roamed. On one occasion
only did they show any hostility. His hut was
; suddenly and silently surrounded by a trible of
sable warriors, all prepared for war. He
courageously, met them in the door, addressed
them in their own language in jovial and
friendly terms. For a moment or two they
listened to him with lowering brows; then consulted
in an undertone, and suddenly left. Withing
24 hours they killed several men at Millahmurrah
and W attle Flat. His cheerful courage
at that time saved his life.
The only servants the settlers had in those
days were the assigned convicts. Many of theSe
were wonderfully devoted and faithful to the
interests of their masters when they were well
treated. As a rule, Mr. Suttor never
had any trouble with his men. On
one occasion he tried the power of
superstition upon the minds of them to
discover a thief. Many petty thefts had occasioned
a good deal of annoyance on the farm;
so he ranged all the men up in line. “ Now,”
he said, “ I shall read a few verses from the
Bible, and give each of you a piece of straw,
and the man who has the longest piece will be
the thief.** The verses were read, and the
straws distributed. The men’s backs were
ii towards him, with one hand behind, into which
the straw was placed. He watched them narrowly,
and presently he detected one glancing
furtively at his hand to discover what sort of
straw he had. “ You are the thief!” said the
, master. The man was so taken aback that he
there and then confessed the fact.
So his life passed somewhat uneventfully until
the year 1830. In this year there was a very
serious outbreak of prisoners at Bathurst,
headed by one Ralph Entwistle. The tyranny
and oppression of the times was the cause of
this. At one time as many as 80 men, all
armed, formed Entwistle’s gang. At length
these men deliberately and in cold blood shot
an overseer of Mr. Evernden’s, the police
magistrate, at his farm at Bartlett’s, near
George's Plains. On the news of this outrage
reaching Bathurst, Major Macpherson, the officer
in charge of the soldiers stationed there,
called a meeting of the inhabitants. Twelve
volunteered to follow the gang. W illiam Suttor
was chosen leader, and his brother Charles
second in command. They started the same
evening for Charlton, Mr. ArkelVs station on
Campbell’s River, at which place news had come
that the men had lately jeen seen. The volunteers
stopped there that night. The next day,
by the aid of two blacks, they succeeded iiw
tracking and overtaking the gang—now reduced
to about 20 men—near sundown, among the
Abercrombie Ranges. This place is a few milet*
from the. Trunkey goldfield. The bushranger#
were alarmed by the noise made by the approaching
party, and at once commenced to fire
upon them. The fire was briskly returned, and
after some 300 rounds on both sides had been
expended, the leader o f the volunteers ordered
a charge. The pursued were dislodged from
their camp, but, the day being too far advanced
to follow up the advantage, the volunteers
fell back upon Mulgunnia, an out-station
of Arkell’s. During the engagement the leader
of the convicts urged his men to make sure of
Suttor, whom he mistook for the police magistrate.
One bullet did pass through Suttor’s
hat, and many bullets struck a small tree behind
which he had ensconsed himself. That
night their horses strayed away, and the pursuit
was followed up by Lieutenant Brown with
mounted police from Bathurst. Having defeated
the police under Lieutenant Brown, who
lost two men and five horses killed, the gang
surrendered at the Lachlan River to combined
forces of Lieutenant Macalister with police
from Goulbum, and Captain W alpole with soldiers
from Sydney. Macalister the day before
had been, if not defeated, at least wounded and
worsted by them. Ten of the. men were tried at
-JLipecial assize court held at Bathurst, and were J

f'Xecuteri. On several other occasions Mr. Suttor 1
distinguished himself in capturing men of this
class—men who were robbing his own stations
—and delivering them up to justice.
In 1833 he married the daughter of Mr. Henry
Francis, who, with his family, had recently arrived
in the colony. In the conduct of his
business he was always ready to adopt new
and progressive Ideas; so, in 1838, in order to ‘
provide the necessary provisions for his establishment,
he brought over the mountains the
first steam flour mill erected in the west. Before
this the employees had to grind theii* own
wheat with small steel mills.
Mr. Suttor was a member of the first Parliament
in Australia, and was prominent in the
matter of stopping the transportation of convicts.
For many years—until 1872, with only
short periods of intermission—he remained a
legislator, retiring after nearly 30 years of
political work. As a squatter he was very
successful, and established stations on the Macquarie,
the Bogan, the Lachlan, and the Darling
Rivers. His son, Sir Francis Suttor, is at
present President of the Legislative Cpuncil and j
of the Royal Agricultural Society, and oiie of [
teh most popular and respected men through- j
out the Bathurst district.
THE STEWART FAMILY.
Mount Pleasant, so named by the discoverer,
Surveyor Evans, was taken up originally by
Major-General "William Stewart, who was at
ore time in the Horse Guards. As a reward for
nls Peninsula services—he fought under W ellington
right through the campaign—he w m |
given permission to select. 30C0 acres in any [
part of Australia. Ho arrived in Australia
with his regiment in 1825. At that time Bath- ]
urst was a Government settlement—chiefly
sheep and cattle—conducted by convict labor, j
No one was allowed to cross the river without
an order from the magistrate. Major-general
Stewart was. however, promised the first selection
as soc n as the land was thrown open. His
son now possesses a letter from the Governor
saying tia t he would take it as a personal
favor if the major-general would as speedily as j
possible txtrcise his right. This he did. He j
selected 3000 acres at the junction of the Mac- I
quarle River and the Evans Plains Creek. He
afterwards bought the remainder of the Mount
Pleasant parish, making his e3iate altogether
15,000 acres of the best land in tho district.
The Government upset price at the time that
the original grant was made was 5s per acre.
Major-general Stewart died at the homestead,
now a fine palatial residence, in 1SS4, and was
buried in the vault on the hill from whic’j
Evans viewed the plain. A monument marks
the location of the vault. His son, Mr. J. H.
Stewart, has resided on the property all his
life, and took a great interest in farming operations.
The estate was worked by tenants,
no less than 28 families occupying the farms.
Last year Mr. Stewart sold about 11,000 acres
of the estate to Mr. A. C. Reed.
HACQUAKIE HOUSE.
THE HOME OF THE LAWSONS.
As a reward for his diligent services in finding
a passage over the Blue Mountains, the
Government gave William Lawson a grant of
1000 acres of land. This he took up on the
Macquarie Plains, and erected a substantial
residence, which was known as Macquarie
House. The exact date of the erection of Macquarie
House is uncertain—probably about 1820,
as William Lawson was appointed commandant
and justice of the peace at Bathurst towards
the end of the previous year, and would in all
probability see to the erection of his house on
the land he owned as soon as possible after his
official appointment was made. In 1832 his son
W illiam acquired the property, and resided
there for upwards of 20 years. During his
father's occupation the old home must have
had, on certain occasions, Governor Macquarie
as an inmate, and in all probability the great
man during his visits to Bathurst was a wel- j
come guest at the hospitable home of his
friend and brother officer. The photograph 1
published in this issue shows the old building
in a very fair state of repair.
IN THE COACHING DAYS.
C O B B A N D C O .’ S C O A C H E S .
When tho gold fever broken out in the Bathurst
district there was a big demand for conveyances.
It was not, however, until Mr. James
Rutherford, in 1861, introduced Cobb and Co.’b
coaches that anything like regularity could be
depended upon. He settled at Bathurst, and as ;
a managing pairtner of the big firm estab- 1
iished the coaching business on a good foot- !
ing. Mr. E. W. Webb recalls the fact that
in those days it was thought a great perform ­
ance to journey from Bathurst to Sydney in
24 hours by coach. The horses were changed
every 12 or 15 miles. On many occasions the
bushrangers held the coach up and looted the
luggage of the passengers. Mr. Rutherford also

gave a fair share of his attention to squatting
pursuits and mining. He spent a fortune
in endeavoring to establish .the iron industry
in the State but want of adequate encouragement
from the Government and the high cost
of labor crippled his effort. His descendants
are to be found in the district at the present
time.
THE GOLD DISCOVERY.
It was not until the settlement was about 40
years old that gold was discovered in the district.
The question as to who found the gold
forms an interesting subject for discussion, but
it is generally admitted throughout the district
that although Mr. Hargraves got tho
credit of the discovery It was John Lister, together
with James and William Tom, who were
the rightful claimants. It was in 1851 that Mr.
E. H. Hargjaves, a geologist, happened to be
staying at Springfield, the home of the Toms
family. In conversation the lads mentioned
that ihey had seen yellow metal, and Hargraves
took two of them, James and William,
?nd John Lister into partnership, under a verbal
agreement to divide the Government reward
of £20,000 should they find payable gold. Under
Hargiaves’s directions they built a cradle
for washing for gold. This identical cradle is
still in the possession of William Tom, though
much decayed. After several unsuccessful attempts
Hargraves returned to Sydney, leaving
the three lads to go on prospecting. They
found a nice lot of gold in xfae Summer-bill
Creek, and in accordance with their arrangement
sent it on to Mr. Hargraves in Sydney.
This gentleman took it to headquarters, and
with the very same gold set the country on
fire, and afterwards received the handsome reward.
The Government some years later
gave the two young Toms and John Lister
a sum of about £2000 between them. Mr.
W. H. Webb, of Bathurst, is a nephew of the
brothers Tom, who discovered the gold. The
rush to the alluvial field caused Bathurst to
boom for a time. Mr. Webb recalls the fact
that the Chinese eventually were allowed a
footing, when the white man could no longer
make the game profitable. The yellow men
came up in long strings, and the money they
Bent home to China in those days ran into big
sums. Although the alluvial was largely worked
out at that time, there has ever since been
considerable mining In the district. On the
Upper Turon, at Palmer’s Oakey, there are
hundreds of praspqeting holes where they
cradled in the old days. Even at the present
time 300 or 400 men are engaged in alluvial
mining in the locality, but the sensational finds
of the early days are few and far between.
In the “ boom” days a man who did not make
£30 a week at Green Swamp thought he was
very unlucky.
A RED-LETTER DAY.
HISTORICAL PROCESSION.
SOME ALLEGORICAL DISPLAYS.
BATHURST, Wednesday.—To-day was a redletter
day in the history of Bathurst. It was
the big day of the celebrations in commemoration
of the hundredth anniversary of the discovery
of Bathurst Plains by Surveyor-General
Evans, and, under weather conditions which
were ideal, was given over to ono long round of
festivities and epoch-making functions, in
which the Governor, Sir Gerald Strickland, was
the principal participant. His Excellency was
accompanied by two of his daughters and attended
by Captain Talbot, A.D.C. In the party
were Miss Suttor, Mr. Carmichael (the Minister
for Education), and Lieutenant-Colonel
White. They arrived in Bathurst by the mail
train this morning. His Excellency and
party, together with several representative
Pathurst citizens, were the guests of Mr. John
Meagher, M.L.C., at breakfast at "Kilrush.’’
O P E N I N G P R O C E E D I N G S .
The day’s proceedings opened with an historical
procession through the principal streets
of the city. The line of route, which was gaily
decorated with bunting, was thronged with
thousands of spectators, including visitors from
all parts of the State. The processioD, which
was a picturesque affair, was made up chiefly
of decorated vehicles and allegorical displays.
The latter Included a representation of the
Garden of Eden, by the Bathurst branch of the
Grand United Order of Free Gardeners; a representation
of an alluvial gold-m iner; a family
of early settlers, and a tribe of blacks, by the
students of the Bathurst Experiment Farm; and
a model city beautification garden plot by Mr.
L. Giddey, of the Bathurst Technical College.
The local militia and cadets and three local
j bands also took part.

_
I
i
MEMORIAL TO EVANS.
AUSTRALIA’S DEBT TO SURVEYORS
AND ENGINEERS.
SIR GERALD STRICKLAND’ S
TRIBUTE.
After its progress through the city, the procession
drew up in a cordon around the north- *
ern end ot King’s Parade— a recently-created
beauty spot in the heart of the city—where, in^
the presence of an immense crowd, the Governor
was accorded a welcome by the Mayor
and citizens, and presented with an illuminated
address, after which he formally opened the
parade and laid the foundation-stone of the
memorial to Surveyor-General Evans, the discoverer
of Bathurst Plains.
Amongst those present, besides the Mayor
(Aid. Rigby) and aldermen of Bathurst, were:
Mr. Carmichael (Minister for Education) and
Mrs. Carmichael, Mr. E. S. Carr, M.H.R., and
Mrs. Carr, Sir Francis Suttor (president of the
Legislative Council), Mr. John Meagher, M.L.C.,
Mr. P. Jago Smith, M.L.C., Mr. John Miller,
M.L.A., Mr. Frank Walker (president of the
Historical Society of New South Wales), Mr.
Turpin and Mrs. Turpin (only surviving daughter
of Surveyor-General Evans), Mr. Ernest
Evans of Temora (grandson), and Miss Evans
(great-granddaughter), Mrs. Rigby (Mayoress),
and Mrs. W. H. Suttor (widow of the late W. H. ,
Suttor) and he* daughter, Mrs, UaUii;u.u..
His Excellency, after returning thanks for the
addreBS, and for the expressions of loyalty to
the King contained therein, performed the ceremony
of declaring the King’s Parade open and
of laying the foundation-stone of a memorial to
Surveyor-General Evans. In the course of his
remarks he congratulated the Mayor and those
who had been associated with him for their
forethought and enterprise in making Bathurst
so beautiful a city, and adding to its attractions
by this parade. Speaking with reference to the j
projected memorial to Evans, Sir Gerald said]
that this was an occasion for calling to mind j
the great services due to Australia by the profession
to which Surveyor Evans belonged.
(Hear, hear.) Surveyors and civil engineers had
done more to make Australia the Australia that
we know than we were prone to recognise without
reflection. It was really the work of the
surveyors and the engineers which formed the j
greatest contrast between the occupation of
these plains by the black men and the occupation
of these plains by the Anglo-Saxon race. !
(Hear, hear.) Much had been done to Australia I
by education, much had been done by constitutional
government, and the understanding ot
our liberty in the great Empire of King George
V .: but when it came to the bedrock of the primary
industries from which we lived, and from
which the towns had their prosperity, we must
look to the work of the engineers. (Cheers.)
D E S C E N D A N T O F P I O N E E R S .
Sir Francis Suttor, President of the Legislative
Council, and a member of one of the Bathurst
pioneer families, who was introduced as
"the originator of the centenary celebration
movement.” delivered a brief address. Whether
or not he was the originator of the movement,
he said, did not matter. He was delighted to
be there to see the success of the celebrations. ■
Proceeding in reminiscent vein, Sir Francis said
that 100 years ago there were not as many people
in the whole of the mainland of Australia as
there were in Bathurst to-day. Surveyor-General
Evans, by his discovery of the Bathurst
Plains, not only showed that there was a magnificent
future before the whole of Australia,
but opened up the whole of the western country
easy of acceS3 after breaking over the Blue
Mountains.
T R I B U T E T O T H E E X P L O R E R S . 1
Referring to the achievement of Blaxland,
Wentworth, and Lawson, Sir Francis said th a t'
on many occasions he felt ths-.t full credit was
not given to the leader of that part^, who was
unquestionably Blaxland. A short time ago he
was at a demonstration when Wentworth was
put before Blaxland by an eminent statesman.
He afterwards asked this gentleman why he did
this, and he replied, "Because Wentworth had
such a magnificent career afterwards.” (Laughter.)
This struck him (Sir Francis) as a good
reason why the credit should not be taken away
from Blaxland. Wentworth was a boy, and afterwards
went to a university in England, and subsequently
became one of our greatest orators
and statesmen. This, however, was no reason
why the credit should not be given to Blaxland.
Evans also deserved a great deal more
credit than he got for his magnificent work !n
opening up this magnificent western country.
It wp.s left to Evans to complete the crossin?
of the mountains, and to discover these mag- !
nificent plains, after much trouble and labor,
and they could readily understand his feelings
as the first whit'e man to see such a magnificent
panorama unfolded before him. Evans
had no idea of the great prosperity of Bathurst

72
to come, and at the time whoa he wrote about
these plains, and when from the top of Mount
Pleasant (which he named) he saw the magnificence
of the plains, he said that there was
enough country to keep all the animals that
were bred in Australia for 100 years. Sir Francis
was glad to say that Evans was very much j
mistaken. It was quite proper, said Sir Fran- j
cis, in conclusion, that they should place upon
this site a memorial to Evans, who was the |
discoverer not only of the Bathurst Plains, but j
of the Lachlan River, the Macquarie River, and'
the beautiful valley of Wellington, and Oastlereagh
River. Evans was also more than an
explorer. Married twice, he was the father of
19 children, and It w&B gratifying that that
day they had amongst them a daughter, grandson
and great-granddaughter of the man who
100 years ago, discovered the plains upon which
they now stoua (Cheurs). Amidst renewed
cheering the Governor led forward these three
descendants of Evans—Mrs. Turpin and Mr.
Ernest Evans and daughter, of Temora—on to
the open space In front of the foundation stone,
where they could be seen by the vast crowd.
Cheers for the King, the Governor, the Mayor,
Sir Francis Suttor, and the descendants of
j Evans concluded this portion of the festivities.
OFFICIAL LUNCHEON.
TH E SPEECHES.
BATHURST, Wednesday.—The Governor, in
responding to the toast of his health, said
that it was interesting to see such a well-laidout
city as Bathurst, with its architectural
beauty, the trees and streets and the good ordpr
in which they were kept. Opportunities for
energy and enterprise were not limited to these
places. He hoped that they would all unite
in honoring the memory of Surveyor-General
Evans, the discoverer of the finest district in
New South Wales.
Mr. W. H. Webb proposed the toast of “ Ministers
and Parliam ent/’
Sir Francis Suttor, in responding, referred
to some remarks made by Mr. Webb concerning
the ladies’ vote, and said it reminded
him of an incident. A short time ago he
entertained four ladies at Parliament House,
and the discussion turned on this subject. He
asked w'ho was to battle for them? ftot one
of them could tell him, but he was the unfortunate
one. (Laughter.) Referring to early
Bathurst. Sir Francis said that he was one of
the few who remembered the name of Bathurst
as “ the settlement.’ * That was some time back
in the history of the place. The Macquarie
River was once a magnificent stream of deep
waterholes, and people crossed it in boats,
or swam their horses across, from Kelso to
Bathurst. He recollected, too, when a school- |
boy, the executions which took place outside
the old gaol door, on the site of the present
j court-house. After Kerr discovered gold—the
famous “ Hundredweight” —he (Sir Francis),
with others, rode in from Brucedale to Bathurst
in a tandem, carrying the gold in their
hands. It created a great sensation. They
stopped outside the old “ Free Press” office,
and, in the words of the paper at the time,
“ were greeted by a large crowd.” There were
only 150 present. Compare that incident with
to-day, and they would see what progress had
been made. (Cheers.)
Mr. E. H. Carr, JM.H.R.. also responded.
: The Governor subsequently addressed a large
gathering of children from the local public
and priyate schools, and concluded by granting
them holidays for the remainder of the week.
V IC E -R E G A L R E C E P T IO N
G A R D E N P A R T Y .
A N D
During the afternoon the Governor held a
reception at the Court-house, and later on, to ­
gether with the other members of the vicej
regal party, attended a garden party held in
i his honor in Machattie Park. Both functions
Iwere very largely attended. The male members
of the party were subsequently shown over the
Experimental Farm. During the day Sir Fran-
' cis Suttor presented Miss Strickland with some
1gold specimens from Rowley’s Reef, Hawkins
hill, Hill End, encased in a silver casket.
C H IL D R E N S SP O R T S A N D
S P E C T A C U L A R D IS P L A Y .
Children’s sports were held on the Showground.
A feature of the afternoon was a
grand spectacular display by 2000 children from
the local public and denominational schools.
The youngsters, who were clad in white, and
carried Australian flags, were mustered into
groups forming the letters of the name Evans.
Then, to the accompaniment of music by the
Bathurst District Band, the white figures moved
in flag drill. The display was witnessed by the
Governor, who warmly congratulated the children
on their performance.

EARLY HISTORY OF
BATHURST
S T O R Y O F T H E D I S C O V E R Y .
W h e n D e p u t y -S u r v e y o r o f L a n d s
G e o r g e W i ll i a m E v a n s w a s d ir e c t e d to
m a k e a s u r v e y o f t h e t r a c k o v e r th e
B lu e M o u n t a i n s , f o l lo w i n g o n th e d i s ­
c o v e r ie s o f B la x la n d , L a w s o n , a n a
W e n t w o r t h , h e f o u n d t h e ir fu r th e s t
c a m p t h r e e m ile s w e s t o f th e V a lle y o f
C lw y d d .
H e p u s h e d o n 9 8 m i le s fr c r a
q u a r ie '.h e n o r d e r e d t h e r o a d to b e
[ m a d e . I t w a s c o m m e n c e d in J u ly ,
1 8 1 4 , a n d f in is h e d in J a n u a r y , 1 8 1 5 .
; L ie u t e n a n t C o x , c h i e f m a g i s t r a t e , a t
W i n d s o r , s u p e r v i s e d t h e w o r k , w h ic h
I w a s c a r r ie d f o r w a r d in s t a g e s , t o e a c h
o f w h ic h M a c q u a r i e g a v e n a m e s —
' S p r i n g w o o d , J a m i e s o n . V a l l e y , B la c k -
j h e a t h , C o x R iv e r , F i s h R iv e r , S i d -
I m o u t h V a l l e y , C a m p b e ll R i v e r , a n d
J B a t h u r s t — t h e l a s t a f t e r L o r d B a t h ­
u r s t , S e c r e t a r y o f S t a t e f o r t h e C o l o ­
n ie s .
I n M a y , 1 8 1 5 , a n o ffic ia l p a r t y s e t
o u t f r o m t h e c o a s t t o c r o s s t h e m o u n ­
t a i n s , a n d f o r m a l l y o p e n t h e n e w r o a d .
T h e G o v e r n o r h a d in h i s e n t o u r a g e
M r s . M a c q u a r i e , h is s e c r e t a r y , M r .
R t . R e v . D R . Q U I N N
F ir s t C a t h o l i c B is h o p o f B a t h u r s t .
R t . R e v . D R . D U N N E .
P r e s e n t C a t h o lic B is h o p o f B a t h u r s t .
th a t p o i n t , a n d d is c o v e r e d B a t h u r s t
P la in s .
T h i s w a s in 1 8 1 3 . G o v e r n o r M a c
C a m p b e l l ; C a p t a i n A n t i l l , o f t h e 7 3 r d
R e g i m e n t ; L i e u t e n a n t W a t t s , o f tlhe
1 4 6 t h ; M r . R e d f e r n ( s u r g e o n ) , S u r ­
v e y o r -G e n e r a l O x l e y , M r . L e w i n , a
j p a in t e r a n d n a t u r a lis t , a n d a t B a t h -

74
15
u r s t P l a i n s lie w a s j o i n e d b y E v a n s .
T h e y a r r iv e d a t t h e p la i n s o n M a y 4.
a n d s t a y e d f o r a w e e k . M a c q u a r ie
fix e d th e s ite f o r t h e t o w n s h ip , a n d
o n S u n d a y , M a y 7 , 1 8 1 5 , t h e o ffic ia l
o p e n in g ' o f t h e r o a d , a n d p r a c t ic a lly
t h e f o u n d a t i o n o f B a t h u r s t , t o o k p la c e
I n t h e f o l lo w i n g m o n t h tihe G o v e r
n o r i s s u e d a “ G a z e t t e ” n o t i c e , c o m ­
m a n d i n g t h o s e w h o h a d a s is t e d in
m a k i n g t h e r o a d t o “ a p p e a r b e fo r e
h i m ” a t E a s t e r n G r e e k s t o c k y a r d , a n d
g r a n t s o f h o r n e d c a t t l e w e r e m a d e to
T h o m a s H o b b y ,
R ic h a r d L e w i s , J o h n
T y e , T h o m a s G o r m a n , W i l l i a m D y e ,
i S a m u e l F r e e m a n , D a n i e l E y r e s , Jaim es
I K e l l y , W i l l i a m ' M a r t i n , M a t t h e w
M u c k l o w , a n d M r s . G r e e n , w id o w o f
T h o m a s G r e e n . E a c h w a s o rd e re d
to b r i n g h is o w n b r a n d i n g ir o n , as
tn e c a t t l e w e r e t o c o m e o u t o f th e
G o v e r n m e n t h e r d .
T h e fir s t g r a n t o f la n d g i v e n in t h e
B a t h u r s t d i s t r i c t w a s to M a u r i c e C h a r ­
le s O ’ C o n n e ll, o f t h e 7 3 r d R e g i m e n t
— 1 0 0 0 a c r e s , M a r c h 2 2 . 1 8 1 4 .
O n J u n e 1 0 , 1 8 1 5 , W i l l i a m H e n r y
A k o c k w a s g r a n t e d 4 0 0 a c r e s , J o s e p h
B i g g 2 0 0 a c r e s , J a m e s G h i s h o l m e 1 5 °
a c r e s , R o b e r t J o b 2 0 0 a c r e s . O n O c ­
t o b e r 3 1 , 1 8 1 5 , J. L id d e a x d N 'ic h o ls
w a s g r a n t e d 7 0 0 a c r e s ; o n O c t o b e r 8 ,
1 8 1 6 , J o h n M a r t i n , 5 3 0 a c r e s ; a n d j
R ic h a r d R o u s e , 4 5 0 a c r e s . O n J a n u -|
a r y 1 3 , 1 8 1 8 , R ic h a r d R o u s e r e c e iv e d
a n o t h e r 1 5 0 a c r e s , T h o m a s S . A m o s
8 0 0 a c r e s ; J o h n P a lm e r 1 5 5 ° a c r e s , 1
J o h n P y e 3 0 0 a c r e s , a n d o n S e p t e m ­
b e r 2 0 , 1 8 1 8 , W a lt e r L a n g 7 0 0 a c r e s .
I n 1 8 2 0 t h o s e w h o h a d s e :t :e d in
th e d i s t r i c t w e r e L o w e , o f S i d m o u t h ,
o n t h e F islh R i v e r ; H a s s a l l , o f O ’ C o n ­
n e ll’ s P l a i n s ; a n d L a w s o n a n d J o h n
S t r e e t , o f M c q u a r ie P l a i n s . T h e r e
w e r e a f e w s m a l l f a r m s c l o s e to t h e
t o w n s h ip , a n d t h e l a r g e e s t a t e k n o w n
a s M o u n t P l e a s a n t , b e l o n g i n g to
C o lo n e l S t e w a r t , o f t h e 3 r d R e g i m e n t ,
w h o r e t ir e d w ith t h e r a n k o f g e n e r a l,
w a s s e t t le d o n a t E v a n s ’ P la in s .
C o lo n e l S t e w a r t d ie d t h e r e in 1854-
O n t h e o t h e r b a n k o f t h e r iv e r
w e r e s e t t le d C a p t a in H a w k i n s , C a p ­
t a i n P i p e r , t h e R a n k i n b r o t h e r s , K i t e
o f K e l s o , L e e a n d S m i t h , t h e W e s t
b r o t h e r s , a n d S t u a r t M a c k e n z i e C o x ,
o f t h e H e r e f o r d E s t a t e . A t W A m b u r n -
d a le C r e e k G e o r g e S u t t o r h a d a g r a n t .
W i llia m C o x h a d a g r a n t o n t h e r i g h t
b a n k o f th e M a c q u a r i e R i v e r , a n d in
1 8 1 7 w a s in c h a r g e o f t h e d is t r ic t .
H e e s t a b lis h e d a s t a t i o n , w h ic h h e
c a l l e d B u r r e n d o n g , n e a r t h e j u n c t i o n
o f t h e C u d g e g o n g a n d t h e M a c q u a r i e .
I I n 1815 R ic h a r d L e w i s w a s a p p o in t e d
s u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f t h e d i s t r i c t u n d e r
C o x ’ s o r d e r s , at a s a l a r y o f £$o p e r
a n n u m . I n 1 8 2 2 G e o r g e S u t t o r w a s
m a d e s u p e r i n t e n d e n t , 's u c c e e d i n g !
J azn e s B la c k m a n . O n A u g u s t 2 3 , |
1 8 1 9 , L i e u t . W i l l i a m L a w s o n , o f t h e
R o y a l V e t e r a n C o m p a n y , w a s a p p o i n t ­
e d c o m m a n d a n t a n d j u s t i c e o f th e
P e a c e a t B a t h u r s t in s u c c e s s i o n to
W i ll i a m C o x .
T h e e r e c tio n o f th e f ir s t w i n d m i l l o n
th e o t h e r s i d e o f t h e B lu e M o u n t a i n s
w a s , o f c o u r s e , a n e v e n t i n t h e h i s ­
t o r y o f B ia th u r st. T h i s p r i m i t iv e a p ­
p lia n c e w a s p u t u p in 1 8 2 4 b y H a w ­
k i n s , t h e fir s t c o r o n e r . I t w a s n o t
t ill 17 y e a r s l a t e r t h a t t h e f ir s t s t e a m
g r i n d i n g m i ll w a s c o n v e y e d to th e
t o w n s h ip . T h e f i r s t m a i l c o a c h r a n
in 1 8 2 4 , w h e n J a m e s S m i t h a n d T h o ­
m a s F u l'la r , o f P a r r a m a t t a , m a d e a
s t a r t , a n d u n d e r t o o k t o c a r r y p a s s e n ­
g e r s t h e r e in f o u r d a y s a t £\ p e r h e a d .
L e t t e r s w e r e t a k e n f o r i s e a c h . A t
t h i s t i m e t h e d i s t r i c t w a s f l o u r i s h i n g
I n 1 8 2 6 it w a s e s t i m a t e d t h a t 2 5 ,0 0 0
h e a d o f c a t t le a n d a b o u t 7 0 ,0 0 0 s h e e p
w e r e o w n e d b y t h e s e t t l e r s . N e v e r ­
t h e l e s s , c o n d i t io n s w e r e s t i ll p r i m i t iv e
a m o n g t h e l a n d h o l d e r s . M a n y w h o
c o u ld r e c k o n t h e m s e l v e s w o r t h u p to
,£ 1 0 ,0 0 0 in s t o c k w e r e y e t l i v i n g in
h u t s t h e y h a d r u n u p t o s e r v e a s
t h e ir fir s t h o m e s . B a t h u r s t w a s f a m ­
o u s a b o u t t h a t t i m e ; f o r i t s c h e e s e ,
t h e R a n k i n c h e e s e ( c a lle d a f t e r a M r s .
R a n k i n , i t s p r o d u c e r ) b e i n g s o ld u p
to a s h i l l i n g a p o u n d w h o l e s a l e . A s
la t e a.s 1 8 2 7 th e t o w n s h ip v.'r.a d e s o r i b -

i
l
e d a s a G o v e r n m e n t s e t t l e m e n t , e v e r y j
h o u s e in t h e p l a c e b e i n g G o v e r n m e n t . I
U p t i ll 1 8 3 0 n o m o r e th a n o n e h o te l
h a d m a d e i t s a p p e a r a n c e , t h e m o n o p o ­
lis t b e i n g o n e K i t e , o f t h e “ D u n C o w .”
T h e n c a m e t h e “ G o ld e n F l e e c e ,”
k e p t b y a n e x - b a n d m a s t e r o f t h e 4 0 th
R e g i m e n t , W i l l i a m B l i z a i d , a r.d tihe
“ K i n g W i l l i a m , ” b y R ic h a r d M i ll.
I n 1 8 2 4 t h e s e t t le r s w e r e g r e a tly
t r o u b le d b y t h e n a t i v e s , a n d th e r e is
o n r e c o r d a p u n i t iv e e x p e d i t i o n , u n ­
d e r t h e le a d e r s h i p o f M a j o r M o r r is e f,, !
c o n s i s t i n g o f f o u r m a g i s t r a t e s , 4 0 p o ­
lic e , a n d s o m e s e u l e r s , w h o m a d e o v e r
t o w a r d s M u d g e e , a n d in a n e n c o u n te r
th a t t o o k p la c e m a n y . n a t i v e s w ere
. k ille d .
T h e s e t t le r s o f 1825 s t i ll h a d th e
m e m o r i e s o f A e o ld la n d s t r o n g in
th e ir m i n d s . O n e i n c id e n t o f th e
t im e s s h o w e d h o w t h e e a r l y . c o lo n ists,
s t ill c l u n g t o E n g l i s h t r a d i t i o n s o f c li
j m a t e a n d s u r r o u n d i n g s . Ic w a s thi,
e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f th e B a t h u r s t H u n t ,
M u c h w e i g h t y c o n s id e r a t i o n w a s g iv e n
to t h e p r o p r i e t i e s , s p e c ia lly t h e u n i­
f o r m . T h e c lu b h a d f o r i t s q u a r r y |
a t t h e m e e t s o n ly t h e d i n g o , b u t i t (
w o u ld a p p e a r t h a t th e a n im a l h a d th e
s a t i s f a c t io n o f k n o w in g t h a t h e w a s
I b e i n g p u r s u e d b y g e n t le m e n p r o p e r ly
a t t ir e d a c c o r d i n g to b o o k . T h e u n i­
fo r m w a s a g r e e n j a c k e t , t u r n e d u p
j w ith v e lv e t , t h e s e m b l a n c e o f a d i n g o
b e i n g o n t h e c o lla r , t h e b u t t o n s b e in g
o f b r a s s , w ith “ B a t h u r s t H u n ';” s t a m p ­
e d u p o n t h e m . In t h e h is t o r i c a l r e ­
c o r d s w e h a v e to n o te t h a t a m e e t i n g ,
as w h ic h th e q u e s t io n o f d r e s s w a s d is
c u s s e d , w a s a s t o r m y o n e , a n d s e e m ­
i n g l y th e c l i n c h i n g a r g u m e n t w a s t h e
g r a v e a n d e m p h a t i c s t a t e m e n t o f o n e
m e m b e r t h a t “ h e w o u ld r a t h e r g o to
th e d e v il in a f r o c k -c o a t t h a n t o h e a v e n
in a j a c k e t . ”
I n 1 8 2 8 t h e o ffic e r in c o m m a n d 01
t h e d i s t r i c t w a s L i e u t e n a n t J a m e s
H o n . S e c r e t a r y C e n t e n a r y C e l'o b r a tic n .s.
B r o w n , o t t n e 5 7 tn R e g i m e n t ; th e
| s u p e r i n t e n d e n t , A . M ‘ L e o d , la t e 5 7 th
| R e g i m e n t ; t h e s u p e r i n t e n d e n t o f t h e
G o v e r n m e n t s t o c k , J o h n M a x w e l l ; a n a
th e c h ie f c o n s t a b le , J a m e s B la c k m a n .
' T h e C h u r c h o f E n g l a n d c l e r g y m a n
- w a s t h e R e v . J o h n E b p y K e a n e .
T h e B a t h u r s t B a n k w a s o p e n e d in
1 8 3 5 — th e f i r s t c o u n t r y b a n k in the?
c o l o n y .
B a t h u r s t w a s t h e n n o t d o i n g
m u c h in t h e w a y o f a g r i c u lt u r e , b e i n g
a l m o s t e n t ir e ly e n g a g e d in sh e w o o l-
g r o w i n g .
Q u a r t e r S e s s i o n s w e r e h e ld
in t h a t y e a r , D i l l o n ’ s I n n b e i n g t h t
c o u r t -h o u s e . M a j o r C r o k e r , o f ih e
1 7 th R e g i m e n t , t o o k u p h i s q u a r t e r s
a t B a t h u r s t G o v e r n m e n t H o u s e in
1 8 3 2 . T h e f i is t p u b l ic c e l e b r a t io n o t
D i v i n e w o r s h ip w a s h e ld o n F e b r u a r y
12 o f t h a t y e a r . I t w a s in th e P r e s - j
b y t e r ia n f o r m . T h e C h u r c h o f E n g - ;
la n d h a d its h o u s e in B a t h u r s t in 1 8 3 7 . |
I n 1 8 4 2 t h e r e w e r e W e s l e y a n a n d P r e s - :
b y t e r ia n c h u r c h e s , t h e t o w n s h ip s t ill
j b e i n g u n d e r m i li t a r y r u le .
(H . C . B e a v i s , P h o t o .)
M R . J. B A I N .

THE PIONEERS
O L D B A T H U R S T F A M I L I E S .
W i t h t i e e a r ly h i s t o r y o f B a t h u r s t
m u s t a lw a y s b e a s s o c ia t e d t h e o r i g i n a l
C o x e s , L e e s , H a w k i n s , R a n k i n s , S u i­
to r s , S t e w a r t s , R u t h e r f o r d s , a n d o th e r
fo u n d e r s o f n o w w e ll-k n o w n B a t h u r s t
f a m ilie s .
T h e c o n s t r u c t i o n b y W i ll i a m C o x
o f t h e r o a d o v e r t h e B lu e M o u n t a i n s
in 1 8 x 4 a t th e o r d e r s o f G o v e r n o r M a c ­
q u a r ie w a s 'th e fir s t r e a l e v e n t in t h e
h is t o r y o f t h e t o w n s h ip . M r . C o x in
r e tu r n r e c e iv e d a g r a n t o f la n d .on th e
r ig h t b a n k o f t h e M a c q u a r i e R iv e r , a n d
w a s o n e o f t h e fir s t t o p u r c h a s e a s h ip -
in t h e d i s t r i c t w e r e t h e H a w k i n s , w l o ,
in d e e d , c l a i m t o h a v e b e e n l i v i n g o n
th e p l a i n s p r i o r to a n y ' g r a n t s b e i n g
m a d e . I n 1 8 2 0 , a t l e a s t , T . F i t z h e r -
b e r t H a w k i n s , a n e x -n a v a l c a p t a i n ,
f o r m e r ly o f t h e C o m m i s s a r i a t D e p a r t ­
m e n t , w a s a w a r d e d a g r a n t n e a r K e l s o ,
k n o w n a s B la c k d o w n , a n d n o w o w n e d
b v M r . R o b e r t G ih n o u r . H i s s o n ,
h o w e v e r , T . J. H a w k i n s ,- o b t a in e d
W a l m e r e s t a t e , o n t h e o p p o s i t e b a n k
o f th e r iv e r , w h ic h is s t i ll in th e p o s ­
s e s s i o n o f th e f a m i ly .
A n o ld f a m i ly w h o s t i ll r e s id e in
B a t h u r s t a r e t h e R a n k i n s , o r i g i n a l l y
la n d e d p r o p r ie t o r s in S c o t la n d . ivjr.
G e o r g e R a n k i n , h o w e v e r , e m i g r a t e d to
A u s t r a lia in 1 8 2 1 , s e t t l i n g f ir s t in V a n
S t e w a r t , o f th e B u f f s , c a m e f r o m S c o t ­
la n d to A u s t r a l i a w ith h i s r e g i m e n t ,
a n d t o o k u p t h e e s t a t e o f M o u n t P l e a ­
s a n t, n e a r B a t h u r s t , w h ic h w a s g i v e n
its n a m e b y t h e e x p lo r e r E v a n s , o n
a c c o u n t o f th e m a g n if i c e n t
it's s u m m i t .
v ie w f r o m
I t is c u r io u s to n o te how-
m a n y o f th e o r i g i n a l s e t t le r s in 'th e
B a t h u r s t P l a i n s w e r e f r o m t h e L a n d
o f C a k e s .
T h e . S u t to r f a m i ly a f f o r d a n o t h e r i n ­
s t a n c e o f t h e f a c t . W i l l i a m H e n r y
S u .'t o r , g r a n d f a t h e r o f t h e p r e s e n t h e a d
o f t h e f a m i ly , S ir F r a n c i s S u t t o r , w a s
16 y e a r s o ld w h e n in 1 8 2 1 h e a c c o m ­
p a n ie d h i s f a t h e r , G e o r g e S u t t o r , to
t a k e u p a g r a n t o n t h e B a t h u r s t j
P l a i n s . S o m u c h o f t h e la n d h a d , !
h o w e v e r , -a lr e a d y b e e n a lllo fte d t h a t ,
th e S u t t o r s t o o k u p a g r a n t a b o u t e i g h t |
j D i e m a n ’ s L a n d , w h ic h h e s o o n a b a n - |
^d o n e d fo r N e w S o u t h W a l e s , o b t a i n i n g
ja g r a n t n e a r B a t h u r s t in 1 8 2 2 .
H O X . J O H N M E A G H E R , M . L . C .
m e n t o f m e r in o s h e e p f r o m t h e C a p e ,
w h o s e d e s c e n d a n t s n o w f o r m t h e C eleb
r a te d i M u d g e e f lo c k s . E a r ly s e ttle r s
T h e M 'P h i l l a m y s a r e a n o t h e r i n ­
s t a n c e o f a S o t t i s h f a m i l y w h ic h s e t - !
tie d in B a t h u r s t a t a n e a r ly d a t e , a n d '
a r e n o w in p o s s e s s i o n o f t h r e e l a r g e
e s t a t e s a t C h a r l t o n , O r t o n P a r k , a n d
G o r m a n ’ s H ill. A b o u t 1 8 2 0 C o lo n e l
m ile s n o r th o f B a t h u r s t , w h i c h , u n d e r
th e n a m e o f B r u c e d a l e , i s o n e o f t h e
i f £ w g r a n t s , lik e W a l m e r a n d M o u n t

Bathurst’s 100th
^Birthday
HOW THE DISTRICT HAS CROWN.
L A T E J A M E S R U T H E R F O R D .
Pleasant,
grantees.
O n e o f t h e P io n e e r s .
s t ill h e ld b y th e o r i g i n a l
W i ll i a m L e e , w h o s e t t le d n e a r K e l s o
in t h e s a m e y e a r , w a s a n a t i v e o f C u m ­
b e r la n d , in t h e n o r th o f E n g l a n d , w h o
c a m e t o t h i s c o u n t r y a t a n e a r ly a g e .
T h e L e e f a m i l y , it n e e d h a r d l y b e s a id ,
is o n e o f t h e b e s t -k n o w n
|a t t h e p r e s e n t d a y .
in B a t h u r s t
T h e n a m e o f th e l a t e M r . J a m e s
R u t h e r f o r d , B a t h u r s t ’ s “ G r a n d O ld
M a n , ” w h o w a s w ith u s u n t il a c o u p le
o f y e a r s a g o , is o n e w h ic h w ill p e r ­
h a p s b e i m p e r i s h a b l y a s s o c ia t e d w ith
th e h i s t o r y , n o t o n ly o f B a t h u r s t , b u t
o f A u s t r a l ia .
H i s c h i e f c la i m t o th is
r e s t s u p o n th e g r a n d p i o n e e r i n g w o r k
w h ic h he. a c c o m p lis h e d fir s t a s a p a r t ­
n e r in a n d la t e r a s h e a d o f t h e f a m o u s
c o a c h i n g fir m o f C o b b a n d C o . S o
fa r a s B a t h u r s t is c o n c e r n e d , h e w ill
be r e m e m b e r e d b y p o s t e r it y p r in c ip a lly
b e c a u s e o f th e m a g n if i c e n t w o r k w h ic h
h e a c c o m p l is h e d in c o n n e c t i o n ,'with
t h e p r o g r e s s o f t h e c i t y a n d i t s in ­
s t i t u t io n s .
O X E O F A U S T R A L I A ’ S L E A D I N G
P R O V I N C I A L C I T I E S .
T h e c e le b r a t io n s in t h e m i d s t o f
w h ic h B a t h u r s t n o w f in d s h e r s e l f m a r k
t h e a t t a i n m e n t o f t h e i o o t h a n n i v e r ­
s a r y o f t h e d i s c o v e r y o f B a t h u r s t
P l a i n s . O n e . h u n d r e d y e a r s i s a b r i e f
p e r io d in t h e w o r l d 's h i s t o r y , b u t i n
th a t t i m e t h e s c e n e w e s t o f t h e B lu e
M o u n t a in s — a s in d e e d a l s o o n t h e
c o a s ta l s id e — h a s u n d e r g o n e a w o n d e r ­
f u l t r a n s f o r m a t io n . T h e o u t l o o k f r o m
t h e w e s t e r n r i d g e o f t h e G r e a t D i v i d ­
ing- R a n g e is n o w a l t o g e t h e r d i f f e r e n t
o t h a t b e h e ld b y D e p u t y -S u r v e y o r -
G e n e r a l E v a n s , w h e n , j u s t a c e n t u r y I
a g o , h e c r o s s e d t h e B lu e M o u n t a i n s '
on t h e t r a il b la z e d a s h o r t t i m e p r e ­
v io u s ly b y B la x la n d , W e n tw o r tfh , a n d
L a w s o n . W h e r e t h e n t h e r e w a s o n ly
a v a s t s t r e t c h o f e m e r a ld -c a r p e t e a
p ila in s, ^ r o k e n h e r e a n d t h e r e w ith
p a tc h e s o f b u s h , there, is n o w a p r o s ­
p e r o u s a n d g r o w i n g d i s t r i c t o f w h ic h
B a t h u r s t is t h e c e n t r e . K e l s o o n t h i
e a s t e r n b a n k o f th e M a c q u a r i e w a s
th e s c e n e o f t h e f ir s t s e t t l e m e n t , b u t
it w a s e a r l y p e r c e iv e d t h a t t h e o t h e i
s id e o f t h e r iv e r w a s t h e n a tu r a l s i t e
fo r a c i t y , a n d s o s o o n a f t e r w a r d s t h e
m u s t a r d s e e d w h ic h s u b s e q u e n t l y g e r ­
m i n a t e d a n d b l o s s o m e d in t o t h e m e t r o ­
p o li s o f th e W e s t w a s p la n t e d .
T h e s t o r y o f t'he d i s c o v e r y , f o r m i d ­
a b le a s w a s t h e t a s k o f t h o s e r e s p o n ­
s i b le , m a y b e t o ld in a f e w w o r d s . O n
N o v e m b e r 1 9 , 1 8 1 3 , E v a n s , a c t i n g u n ­
d e r t h e d ir e c t i o n s o f G o v e r n o r M a e - j
q u a r i e , c r o s s e d t h e N e p e a n a t E m u j
I s l a n d “ to e x p lo r e t h e u n k n o w n c o u n ­
t r y w e s t o f M t . B l a x l a n d ,” w h ic h
m a r k e d th e l im i t o f t h e t r a c k b la z e d
b y t h e t r i o o f in t r e p id e x p lo r e r s 01
w h ic h B la x la n d w a s a m e m b e r . E v a n s

j
i a n d h is w e ll-e q u ip p e d p a r t y e n c o u n ­
te r e d w e t w e a t h e r , a n d t h i s , a d d e d t o
th e r o u g h n a t u r e o f t h e c o u n t r y , e n ­
t a ile d d e la y s w h ic h b r o u g h t N o v e m b e r
2 6 b e f o r e t h e a c t u a l s t a r t i n g p o in t o f
t h e e x p e d it io n — M t . B la x la n d — w a s
j
4r e a c h e d . T h e c o u n t r y w h ic h n o w
c o n f r o n t e d E v a n s a s y e t h a d n o t b e e n
tr o d b y w h ite m a n W i t h g r e a t d it 1
! fic u lt y , t h e p a r t y s u r m o u n t e d th e '
m a in r i d g e , r e a c h i n g E v a n s ’ s C r o w n , |
n e a r T a r a n a , o n D e c e m b e r 1, a n a
fr o m t h i s p e a k , 3 2 0 0 f e e ? a b o v e se a
le v e l, t h e r e w a s u n f o ld e d to th e e y e s
o f w h ite m e n fo r th e fir s t t i m e t h t
v a s t s t r e t c h of p la in s u p o n w h ic h
B a t h u r s t n o w s t a n d s . “ B a t h u r s t
P l a i n s ” w a s th e n a m e w h ic h a t o n c t-
s u g g e s t e d i t s e lf to E v a n s , w h o c o n -
|s id e r e d t h a t n o - b e t t e r c o m p li m e n t
! c o u ld b e p a id b y h i m to t h e th en
S e c r e ta r y o f S t a t e f o r C o lo n i e s , that)
to s u g g e s t ) to th e G o v e r n o r t h a t th e
d i s t r i c t s h o u ld be. n a m e d a fte r
E a r l B a t h u r s t . T h e a c t u a l s e t ­
t le m e n t d id n o t t a k e p la c e
till tw o y e a r s la t e r , t h e c e n t e n a r y o f
w h ic h w ill b e 1 9 1 5 . I t w a s in th is
y e a r , M a y 7 , 1 8 1 5 , to b e p r e c i s e , "I at
j o v e r n o r M a c q u a r i e c r o s s e d th e M o u .i -
:a in s a n d s e le c t e d t h e s it e f o r t h e to w n .
M a n y G o v e r n o r s h a v e v is ite d t h e r i s -
tric t s i n c e , b u t , n e x t' to M a c q u i i i e ,
th e n a m e o f n o n e w ill b e s o c l o s :I y
j a s s o c ia t e d w ith t h e h is t o r y o f B i/.h -
u r s t a s th a t o f S ir G e r a ld S t r i c k 1 m d ,
to w h o m h a s b e e n a llo t t e d t h e li'J io r
j o f l a y i n g t h e f o u n d a t i o n s t o n e 01 d ie
m e m o r ia l in c o m m e m o r a t io n o f th e
a c h ie v e m e n t o f r r e c o r d th e b e g i r v . i g
o f w h ic h is i m p e r i s h a b l y lin k e d w ith
; th e n a m e o f G o v e r n o r M a c q u a r i e .
N a t u r a l l y r o u g h a n d p r im it iv e at
f i r s t , a s s e t t l e m e n t e x t e n d e d a l o n g th e
M a c q u a r i e a n d t h e L a c h l a n , t h e b a b y
t o w n s h ip g r e w a n d p r o s p e r e d u n til
|it a t t a in e d th e p o s it i o n o f m e t r o ­
p o lis o f th e w e s t w h ic h i t h a s
e v e r s i n c e h e ld in u n d is p u t e d p o s s e s ­
s io n . A g r i c u l t u r e s o o n b e c a m e th e
c o m p a n i o n o f g r a z i n g . T h e lo n e ly s e t ­
t le r s , H o w e v e r , a l t h o u g h b l e s s e d w ith I
a r ic h c o u n t * } ’ , s u ffe r e d m u c h a t t h e I
h a n d s o f d e p r e d a t o r } ' n a t i v e s — fr o n
a t t a c k s b y w h o m , b y t h e w a y , E v a n s
a n d h is p a r ty h a d b e e n s i n g u l a r l y fr e e
— a n d m u r d e r s a n d r e p r is a ls f o llo w e d .
It w a s a t . t h is t im e th a t t h e “ B la c k
R e b e l l io n ” b r o k e o u t , a n d in t h e s u b ­
se q u e n t! p u n it iv e m e a s u r e s t h e u n f o r ­
t u n a t e a b o r i g i n a l s w e r e r u t h le s s ly
s l a u g h t e r e d . B u t t h e s e w e r e n o t t h e
o n ly t r a g e d i e s w h ic h d i s f i g u r e d t h e
e a r ly h i s t o r y o f t h e d i s t r i c t . A n o t h e r
B I S H O P M A R S D E N .
F i r s t A n g l i c a n B is h o p o f B a t h u r s t .
a n d m o r e s e r io u s t r o u b le a r o s e t h r o u g h
th e a c t io n o f a m a g i s t r a t e , w h o s e b a r ­
b a r it y le d a n u m b e r o f c o n v i c t s a n d
I 'ic k e t -o f-le a v e m e n to t a k e to t h e b u s h .
B lo o d s h e d f o llo w e d , a n d t h r e e e n c o u n ­
te r s t o o k p la c e b e f o r e t h e o u tla w ’s w e r e
fin a lly c a p t u r e d . T e n o f t h e m w e r e
h a n g e d a t B a t h u r s t , a n d ‘Jhe r e c o r d o f
th e t r a g i c e v e n t is s t ill p r e s e r v e d in
th e a r c h iv e s o f H o l y T r i n i t y C h u r c h ,
K e l s o , t h e o ld e s t c h u r c h W e s t o f th e
B lu e M o u n t a i n s .

I t w a s in 1 8 5 1, w h e n H a r g r e a v e s
m a d e h i s f a m o u s d is c o v e r y o f g o l d a t
O p h i r , t h a t B a t h u r s t f i r s t b o o m e d .
W ith tlhe s u b s e q u e n t d i s c o v e r y o f g o ld
i a t H i l l E n d , t h e p o p u la t io n o f t h e l i s -
! tric t s u d d e n ly s w e lle d a s i f u n d e r th e
l a s t P a r li a m e n t . H e is j u s t n o w f i g h t ­
i n g f o r a c o n t in u e d p e r io d o f r e p r e ­
s e n t a t i o n . W h e t h e r h e w i ll s u c c e e d ,
o r w h e t h e r h e w il' b e d i s p l a c e d b y a n ­
o t h e r B a t h u r s t n a t iv e , M r . E r n e s :
i D u r a c k , is th e p i o b le m o f t h e h o u r .
R t. R e v . D R . L O N G .
P r e s e n t A n g l i c a n B is h o p o f B a t h u r s t .
in flu e n c e o f a m a g i c w a n d , a n d fo r
s o m e y e a r s ■ B a t h u r s t w a s a d e c id e d h
p r o s p e r o u s t r a d i n g c e n t r e . I t w a s .,t
th is t i m e o f f a b u lo u s p r o s p e r i t y , N o ­
v e m b e r 1 3 , 1 8 6 2 , t h a t th e t o w n w a s
p r o c l a im e d a m u n ic ip a l it y , t h e ju b ile e
o f w h i c h w a s c e le b r a t e d la s t y e a r . M r .
R . Y . C o u s i n s w a s t h e fir s t m a y o r .
T h i s g e n t le m a n a n d a ll h is c o l l e a g u e s ,
w ith t h e e x c e p t io n o f M r . J . W . A s h ­
w o r t h , n o w 8 6 y e a r s o f a g e , a r e s in c e
d e a d . T h e la t e M e s s r s . W i llia m L e o
, a n d W . H . S u t t o r w e r e t h e f ir s t P a r ­
lia m e n t a r y r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s o f th e d is
I tr ic t u n d e r r e s p o n s i b l e g o v e r n m e n t
g r a n t e d in 1 8 5 6 . T h a t w a s in the
d a y s o f d o u b le -s e a t e d c o n s t it u e n c i e s .
M r . J o h n M i lle r , a n a tiv e o f th e d i s ­
t r ic t , w a s tthe r e p r e s e n t a t i v e in (the
T H E O L D S C O T C H K I R K .
F o r m e r l y o n th e s ite n o w o c c u p i e d b y
G a r t r e lP s b a k e r y , W i ll i a m - s t r e e t .

O L D C O U R T H O J S F. A N D f i A O T .

83
THE F/BLY BI&TCEY OF
BATHURST
SOME HIGHLY INTERESTING
PACTS.
T H E P I O N E E R S .
I n 1 8 2 4 -2 5 , t h e n a tiv e s g a v e a g r e a t
d e a l o f t r o u b le in t h e B a t h u r s t d is t r ic t ,
a n d in t h e la t t e r e n d o f S e p t e m b e r th e
C J o m m a n d a n t, M a j o r M o r r is e t , fo u r
m a g i s t r a t e s a n d a b o u t f o r t y s o ld ie r s an d
s ix m o u n t e d s e t t le r s , le ft B a t h u r s t fo r
M u d g e e , t h e o v e r s e e r a n d s e v e r a l o f the
s e t t le r s k n o w in g th a t p a r t o f t h e c o u n ­
t r y w e ll. M a n y o f th e n a t i v e s w e r e k ille d
in a n e n c o u n t e r w ith t h e m , o n e b e in g
t h e w e ll-k n p w n c h ie f “ B lu c h e r ;” th is
•was in t h e e a r ly p a r t o f S e p t e m b e r , 1824.
A n o t h e r n a tiv e c h ie f o f th e B a t h u r s t d i s ­
tr ic t w a s o n e n a m e d “ W i n d r o d i n e ,” b e t ­
t e r k n o w n to th e c o lo n is ts a s “ S a t u r ­
d a y ,” w h o fe ll in a f i g h t w ith a trib e
f r o m t h e s o u th , a n d d ie d o n 2 1 s t M a r c h ,
1 8 2 9 — d e a t h b e i n g c a u s e d t h r o u g h a
w o u n d in t h e k n e e w h ic h m o r t ifie d . H e
d ie d in t h e B a t h u r s t H o s p it a l a n d w a s
b u r ie d n e a r it , h is b o d y b e i n g w r a p p e d
in h i s m a n t le a n d h is w e a p o n s d e p o s ite
d in t h e g r a v e w ith h im . F o r m a n y
y e a r s h e w a s t h e t e r r o r 'o f t h e s u r r o u n d ­
i n g c o u n t r y , h is h e ig h t w a s a b o u t six
f e e t , a n d h e w 'as n o t e d fjor h is k in d n e s s
to w o m e n a n d c h ild r e n . A t o n e t i m e ,
fiv e h u n d r e d a c r e s w a s o ffe r e d fo r h is
h e a d , b u t h e s u r r e n d e r e d t o G o v e r n o r
B r is b a n e a n d w a s in t r o d u c e d t o h im a t
P a r r a m a t t a . T h e r e h e r e s id e d fo r a
s h o r t t im e in t h e D o m a i n a n d , f r o m t h a t
p e r io d , lo o k e d u p o n t h e w h ite m a n w ith
g r e a t e r e a s in e s s o f s p ir it . A n o t h e r n o t ­
e d B a t h u r s t n a tiv e w a s a g u id e n a m e d
“ P i p e r ,” w h o a c c o m p a n ie d M a j o r M i t ­
c h e ll cm h is e x p e d it io n to t h e r iv e r s D a r .
l i n g a n d M u r r a y , in 1 8 3 6 , a n d o n h is
r e tu r n w ith th e p a r tv to h e a d q u a r t e r s
w a s r e w a r d e d b y M a j o r M i t c h e ll w ith h is
o w n r e d c o a t , a n d a c o c k e d h a t a n d fe a -
. t h e r , w h ic h h a d o n c e b e l o n g e d t o G o v ­
e r n o r D a r l i n g . H is p o r t r a it , t h u s c o s ­
t u m e d , w a s d r a w n b y M r . F e r n y b , u g h ,
a jid s o o n a p p e a r e d in p r in t s h o p s . P i ­
p e r e n jo y e d a ll h i s n e w ly a c q u i r e d c o n ­
s e q u e n c e w i t h - a h i g h h e a d , a n d th o s e
w h o k n e w h im g a v e h im s m a ll s u m s o f
m o n e y ; w ith t h i s , h e p u r c h a s e d s ilk
h a n d k e r c h ie fs a n d w o r e t h e m o n h is
b r e a s t , g o w n s f o r h is g i n s ( f o r h e h a d
t w o ), a n d , t o h is c r e d it, h e a b s t a in e d
f r o m i n t o x i c a t i n g d r in k , lo o k i n g d o w n
w ith c o n t e m p t o n t h o s e whlo s o i n d u lg ­
ed, e s p e c i a lly fils o w n r a c e . B e f o r e returning
to B a t h u r s t , h e w a s d e c o r a t e d
W'ith a b r a s s p la t e o n w h ic h h e w a s
styled “ C o n q u e r o r o f t h e I n t e r i o r ,” n p t ,
a s usual, “ K i n g , ” f o r h e s a id th e r e w e r e
too m a n y k in d s .
I d 1 8 2 6 , B a t h u r s t a p p e a r e d t o b e in a
f lo u r is h in g c o n d it io n , a n d th e d i s t r i c t
h a d a c q u ir e d a f a m e f o r its c h e e s e .
A m o n g s t t h e m a k e r s w e r e C a p t a in P i ­
p e r , M r . I n n e s a n d M r s . R a n k in . T h e
le t t e r ’ s c h e e s e b o r e h e r n a m e , a n d w a s
so ld w h o le s a le a t g d a n d 1 / p e r l b .
C h e e s e s w e r e s e n t to S y d n e y in m a n y
h u n d r e d w e ig h t s a t a t i m e . M r . H a w -
k i n d ’ s w a t e r m i ll, a n d a ls o t h a t o f M r .
I n n i s , a ffo r d e d g r e a t a s s i s t a n c e to t h e
s e t t le r s ; b o t h w e r e e r e c te d in 1824.
In 1 8 2 5 , th e B a t h u r s t H u n t h a d b e e n
e s t a b lis h e d , fo r th e p u r g c s e o f c o u r s i n g
t h e n a t i v e d o g , w h ic h c a u s e d m u c h d e ­
s t r u c t io n to th e f lo c k s . T h e u n if o r m o f
t h e m e m b e r s w as. a g r e e n j a c k e t , t u r n ­
e d u p w ith v e lv e t , a n d o r n a m e n t e d w ith
a n a tiv e d o g e m b r o id e r e d o n th e c o lla r
g i l t b u tt o n s w ith “ B a t h u r s t H u n t ”
s t a m p e d o n t h e m . E a c h m e m b e r k e p t a
c e r t a in n u m b e r o f d o g s , a n d d a v s w e r e
fix e d f o r a g e n e r a l tu r n o u t. I t w a s d u r ­
i n g t h e fo r m a t io n o f t h e a s s o c ia t i o n t h a t
a s o le m n m e e t i n g w a s c o n v e n e d to d e ­
c id e u p o n t h e d r e s s t h a t w o u ld b e m o s t
a p p r o p r ia te ficr t h e c h a s e . T h e a s s e m ­
b l a g e w a s a s t o r m y o n e f o r s o m e t i m e
w h e n a t la s t o n e o f th e m e m b e r s a r o s e
a n a w’i t h s o m e c o n s id e r a b le g r a v it y o b ­
s e r v e d “ t h a t h e w o u ld r a t h e r g/j to t h e
d e v il in a fr o c k c o a t t h a n t o h e a v e n in a
ja c k e t. T h i s s e t t le d t h e m a t t e r , a n d
fr o c k c o a t s w e r e c a r r ie d , n o m . c o n . to
t h e e v e r L a stin g f a m e o f t h e p r o f^ ser.
_ I n 1 8 2 6 , t h e “ S y d n e v G a z e t t e ” a d v e r ­
tise d t h e B a t h u r s t C la s s i c a l a n d M e r ­
c a n t ile S c h o o l, w h e r e y o u n g g e n t le m e n
c o u ld b e b oard ecT a n d e d u c a t e d f o r t h ir t y
g u in e a s p e r a n n u m . M r , H o llo w a y wras
th e p r o p r ie t o r . E v e n in t h o s e d a y s B a ­
t h u r s t w a s n o t w ith o u t i t s L i t e r a r y S o ­
c ie t y w h ic h w a s in s t itu t e d in 1 8 2 6 , u n -
d e r t h e d ir e c tio n o f a p r e s id e n t , v i c e -
p r e s id e n t , a n d c o m m i t t e e o f fiv e m e m ­
b e r s , t h e e n tr a n c e fe e b e i n g t h r e e g u i n ­
e a s a n d a n n u a l s u b s c r ip t io n t w o g u in e a s .
B a t h u r s t o f t o - d a y p o s s e s s e s o n e o f t h e
fin e s t S c h o o l jof A r t s in N e w S o u t h
w a l e s , w h ic h b e g a n its e x is t e n c e in
1855 th e b u ild in g b e i n g e r e c te d in 1 S 6 0 -
6 1 . N o t o n ly s c h o o ls , b u t c o l l e g e s g r a c e
th e t o w n s h ip .
I n 1 8 2 7 , B a t h u r s t is d e s c r i b e d a s a
t o w n p u r e ly G o v e r n m e n t a l, e v e r y t e n e ­
m e n t b e i n g o c c u p ie d b y G o v e r n m e n t o f -
n c e s . A G o v e r n m e n t f a r n , a d jo i n e d th e
s e t t le m e n t , a n d w a s e s t im a t e d a t a lb s s o f

;& 2o oo p e r a n n u m . T h e h e r d o f c a ttle
a t t h i s f a r m , a n d t h e o n e a t W e l l in g t o n
V a l l e y , w a s e s t im a t e d a t 5 0 0 0 h e a d . P r e ­
v io u s to t h i s d a te , ,a s e t t le r t a k i n g a
g r a n t o f 2 0 0 0 a c r e s h a d a p r e s e n t m a d e
h im b y th e G o v e r n m e n t o f t w e n t y c o w s
to s t a r t w ith , to m a k e u p in s o m e m e a ­
s u r e fo r t h e e x p e n s e o f v i c t u a llin g a n d
c lo t h i n g tw e n t y C i'o w n p r is o n e r s . T h is
s y s t e m w a s a b o lis h e d b y G o v e r n o r B r is ­
b a n e .
T h e e s t im a t e d n u m b e r o f c a t t le a t
B a t h u r s t a t t h e c lo s e o f 1 8 2 6 w a s a b o u t
2 5 ,0 0 0 h e a d , a n d t h e r e w e r e a b o u t 7 0 ,0 0 0
s h e e p . F r e q u e n t ly m e n w ith £ 5 0 0 0 to
£> 1 0 ,0 0 0 , in la n d a n d s t o c k , w e r e s till l i v ­
i n g in t h e ir o r i g i n a l h u t s c o m p o s e d o f
r a m m e d e a r t h , b u t th e r e w a s a lw a y s
p le n t y o f g o o d c h e e r w ith in . A t th is
p e r io d th e p a s t u r a g e w a s in a b a d s t a t e
o w i n g to th e l o n g c o n t in u e d d r o u g h t , a n d
s e t t le r s w e r e s e e k i n g n e w p a s t u r a g e in
th e M u d g e e d i s t r i c t , •th e n r e c e n t ly d is - ■
c o v e r e d .
I n 1 8 2 S , th e o ffic e r in c o m m a n d o f th e
d i s t r i c t w a s L i e u t e n a n t J a m e s B r o w n ,
5 7 th R e g i m e n t ; S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f G o v ­
e r n m e n t S t o c k , M r . J o h n M a x w e ll;
C h i e f Q o n s t a b le , M r . J a m e s B la c k m a n ;
C le r k o f th e B e n c h , M r . J o h n W e b b ; A s ­
s i s t a n t S u r g e o n , M r . R ic h a r d s o n ; th e
C o r o n e r w a s s t ill M r . F . F . H a w k i n s ;
t h e C h u r c h o f E n g l a n d c l e r g y m a n , th e
R e v . J o h n E s p y K e i n e . O n e s e r g e a n t
a n d t h ir t e e n p r iv a te s w e r e s t a t io n e d o n
th e B a t h u r s t P l a i n s , b e s id e s m o u n t e d
t r o o p e r s .
I n 1 8 3 3 th e P o lic e M a g i s t r a t e w a s
T h o m a s E v e r n d e n , E s q ., la t e o f th e 3 r d
R e g i m e n t , o r B u f f s . I t w a s L ie u t e n a n t
E v e r n d e n w h o h a d b e e n a p p o in t e d to
c o m m a n d t h e t r o o p o f c a v a lr y th a t h a d
b e e n r a is e d a n d e q u ip p e d f r o m t h e 3 r d
R e g i m e n t b y C o lo n e l S t e w a r t , th e n
L i e u t e n a n t -G o v e r n o r . T h is tr o o p c o n ­
s is te d o f p ic k e d m e n f r o m t h e r e g i m e n t ,
a n d w e r e o r g a n i s e d tq> p u t d o w n t h e
b u s h r a n g e r s , t h e n so t r o u b le s o m e in
th e w e s t e r n d is t r ic t s . O n t h e 4 th N o ­
v e m b e r . 1 8 2 5 , th e fir s t d e ta c h m e n t o f
tr o o p s o f c a v a lr y f o r m e d t h e p r e v io u s
y e a r h a d fa lle n in w ith a p a r t y o f b u s h ­
r a n g e r s , a m o u n t i n g to s e v e n in n u m b e r ,
in t h e d is t r ic t o f B a t h u r s t , a n d M a u r ic e
C o n n e ll, w h o w a s r e p o r te d t o b e tone o f
th e m o s t n o t o r io u s o f th e g ’a.ng, w a s
k ille d o n t h e s p o t b y C o r p o r a l B r o w n .
U n t i l 1 8 3 0 , M r . K i t e , t h e w e a lth y
la n d h o ld e r , m o n o p o lis e d t h e w h o le o f th e
h o te l t r a d e , b u t in 1831 t h e r e w e r e th r e e
i n n s , T h o m a s K i t e ’ s “ D u n C o w ,” W i l ­
l i a m B li z z a r d ’ s “ G o ld e n F l e e c c ,” a n d
R ic h a r d M i l l ’ s “ K i n g W i l l i a m .” W i l ­
lia m B liz z a r d w a s fo r m e r ly b a n d m a s t e r
in t h e 4 8 t h R e g i m e n t , a n d h e d ie d a t
B a t h u r s t o n 18th F e b r u a r y , 1 S 32.
O n o r a b o u t ig t h J u ly _ 1 S 3 1 , C a p t a in
P a y m e , o f D u n n ’ s P la in s , wias m u r d e r ­
e d b y b u s h r a n g e r s . H e h a d o n ly a r r i v ­
e d in t h e c o lo n y e i g h t e e n m o n t h s p r e ­
v io u s ly , ,a n d h a d p u r c h a s e d t h e f a r m
fflo m C a p t a in S e a ly . H e w a s a s e a f a r ­
i n g m a n , h a v i n g r e tir e d in t o Y o r k s h i r e
m a n y y e a r s p r e v io u s ly to s e t t le a n d f a r m .
H e h a d n o f a m i ly a n d le f t a g r e a t d e a l
o f p r o p e r t y . “ S i n c e t h e lo c a t io n o f
l a n d s b y t h e V e t e r a n P e n s i o n e r s , a n d
d is t r ib u t io n o f s m a ll g r a n t s t o n a t i v e
la n d s , c u lt iv a t io n b e g a n in r e a l e a r n e s t ,’ ’
s t a t e s th e “ S y d n e y G a z e t t e ” o f F e b r u ­
a r y , 1 8 3 2 .
T h e s ite o f t h e B a t h u r s t t o w n s h ip wra s ,
until 1832, at K e ls o , a b o u t a m ile f r o m
the present s it e . I n M a y , 1 8 3 2 , it w a s
urged t h a t t h e l a y i n g o u t o f t h e t o w n ­
ship on the o p p o s it e s id e o f t h e r iv e r ,
should be c a r r ie d out. a n d a t t h e la t t e r
end of th e y e a r th e n e w t o w n s h i p w a s
o p e n e d . I n M a y , 1 S 3 4 , t h e “ S v d n e v
G a z e t t e ” s t a t e s t h a t , “ a f t e r a te d io u s
d e la y o f a b o u t a y e a j a n d a h a lf s i n c e
t h e o p e n i n g o f th e t o w n s h ip , a r i s i n g
f r o m f o r m s o f o ffic e , s e v e r a l a l l o t m e n t s
in t h e n e w t o w n s h ip h a v e b e e n s o l d ,
w h ile b u ild i n g s w e r e r a p id ly s p r i n g i n g
u p a r o u n d .”
In 1 8 3 2 , t h e r e r e s id e d in t h e B a t h u r s t |
d is tr ic t a n o ld m a n n a m e d “ T o m m y R o w - i
d e n ,” o n e o f t h e F i r s t F l e e t , o f t h e
c o r p s iof R o y a l M a r i n e s , w h o h a d s e r v e d
H is M a j e s t y fo r f i ft y -o n e y e a r s ,f o r w h ic h
h e r e c e iv e d a p e n s io n o f 2 /3 a d a y . H e
b o a s te d t h a t h e h a d n e v e r e x p e r ie n c e d a
d a y ’ s illn e s s in h is l if e , a n d h e w a s jv e ll
k n o w n in t h e d i s t r ic t s o f W i n d s o r a n d
C o r n w a llis , a s “ o ld T o m m y R o w d e n .”
H e w a s 'One o f th o s e w h o h a d w itn e s s e d
t h e e a r ly fo u n d a t io n o f A u s t r a l ia . A n ­
o th e r w e ll-k n o w n c h a r a c t e r in th e d i s ­
tr ic t w a s “ D a v i d th e W e l s h m a n ” ( D a ­
v id A r t h u r ) , w h o h a d s q u a t t e d in th e
n e ig h b o r h o o d o f IJuree; h e d ie d a t th e
b e g i n n i n g o f 1 8 3 5 , a n d in h i s lif e a l l o w ­
e d h i m s e l f n o t e v e n t h e n e c e s s a r i e s y e t ,
a t h is d e a t h , h e l e f t l e g a c i e s to th e
a m o u n t o f £ 6 0 0 .
P r e v io u s t o 1 8 3 2 , th e m a i ls w e r e c o n ­
v e y e d t o a n d f r o m S y d n e y b y c o n t r a c ­
to r s , w h o tr a n s fe r r e d t h e m to t h e m o u n t ­
e d p o lic e a t P e n r it h , a n d t h e y B r o u g h t
t h e m to a;nd f r o m B a t h u r s t ; t h is m e t h o d
w a s a b o lis h e d in 1 8 3 2 , a n d W a t s f o r d ,
th e S y d n e y a n d P a r r a m a t t a c o a c h p r o -
p r i e ( :r s , w e r e u n d e r c o n t r a c t t o e a r n '
th e m r i g h t t h r o u g h , th e la t t e r t a k i n g
fiv e h o u r s lo n g e r in t h e c o n v e y a n c e .
M a j o r C r o k e r , 1 7 th R e g i m e n t , w a s in
c o m m a n d o f th e d is t r ic t a t t h is p e r io d ,

h a v in g a r r iv e d f r o m h e a d q u a r t e r s o n th e i
1 4th J a n u a r y , 1 9 3 2 , w ith M r s . C r o k e r
a n d f a m i l y ; h e r e s id e d a t G o v e r n m e n t
H o u s e , B a t h u r s t . A b o u t th is t i m e th e
R e v . D r . L a n g p a id a v is it t o t h e d i s ­
t r ic t , a c c o m p a n ie d b y a n e w ly -a r r iv e d
m in is te r o f th e P r e s b y t e r ia n C h u r c h , M r .
’T h o m p s o n , w ith th.6 v ie w o f e s t a b l i s h ­
i n g a p la c e o f w o r s h ip f o r th a t b o d y .
T h e first p u b l ic c e le b r a t io n o f D iv in e
W o r s h ip , a f t e r t h e f o r m o f P r e s b y t e r i a n -
is m , t o o k p la c e i n B a t h u r s t o n S u n d a y ,
1 2 th F e b r u a r y , 1 8 3 2 , th e o ffic ia tin g m in ­
is t e r b e i n g M r . T h o m p s o n , w h o a r r iv e d
in t h e c o lo n y in t h e “ C a s t le S t e r l i n g .”
T h e r e w a s n o R o m a n C a t h o lic p r i e s t ; npt
o n e h a d e v e n v is ite d th e d is tr ic t s in c e
1 8 3 0 , th e la s t o n e b e i n g th e R e v . M r .
T h e r r y ; a n d th e “ S y d n e y G a z e t t e ” s ta te s
t h a t th e R o m a n C a t h o lic s w e r e e n tir e ly
th e p o o r e r c l a s s a n d m o s t u n e n lig h t e n e d
p o r tio n o f th e c o m m u n i t y , s t a n d in g m o s t
in n e e d v f p a s to r a l a id .
In 1 8 3 2 , B a t h u r s t r a n k e d fir s t a s a
w o o l s t a t io n , a n d w a s n o t in a n y w ay
c o n s id e r e d a n a g r ic u lt u r a l d is t r ic t . G r a in
s e n t to S y d n e y w a s c h a r g e d 2 /6 p e r
b u s h e l f o r t r a n s p o r t , a n d t r a v e l l i n g in
th o s e d a y s w a s n o a m u s e m e n t — t h e p r o ­
g r e s s o f t h e m o u n t a in d r a y ■was s lo w ,
i f n o t s u r e ; t h e e r r a tic p r o p e n s it ie s o f
t h e b u llo c k s a n d d r iv e r s , m a d e e v e ry
o t h e r d a y a h a lt d a y ; a n d th e in t e r m in ­
a b le s u c c e s s io n o f h i g h m o u n t a i n g r a d e s ,
r o u g h r o a d s , r u g g e d r o c k s , b r o k e n
b r i d g e s , a n d o th e r d i s a g r e e a b le s , w e re
a c o n s t a n t s o u r c e o f to r t u r e t o t h e B a t h - ;
u r s t s e t t le r . Y e t B a t h u r s t p r o d u c e i
f o u n d a r e a d y m a r k e t in S y d n e y , e s p e - j
d a i l y c h e e s e , w h ic h w a s g e n e r a lly so ld j
a t t h e C o lo n i a l P r o d u c e W a r e h o u s e , 100
P i t t -s t r e e t , k e p t b y D a v i d B e ll.
T h e “ S y d n e y G a z e t t e ,” c o m m e n t in g
o n th e d iffic u ltie s o f r o a d t r a v e llin g ,
s t a t e s : “ H is E x c e l le n c y t h e G o v e r n o r ,
in 1 8 8 2 , m a y p o s s ib ly b r e a k f a s t a t h is
s e a t o f g o v e r n m e n t , S y d n e y , a n d d i n e at
t h e V i c e - R e g a l L » :d g e , B a t h u r s t , ta k e
m o r n in g e x c u r s io n s t o W e l l i n g t o n ; b u t
u n t il s t e a m e x c a v a t o r s s h a ll h a v e r e m o v ­
e d m o u n t a i n s a n d m a d e r o a d s fo r
s t e a m c o a c h e s to r u n , w e , in 1 8 3 2 , m u st
b e c o n t e n t w ith t h e s o b e r , o ld -fa s h io n e d
p a c e r f n in e m ile s a n h o u r a n d a v a il
o u r s e lv e s o f th e a c c o m m o d a t i o n s o f
W e a t h e r b o a r d H u t , a n d t h e h o s p ita lit y
o f th e h o s t o f ‘ T h e T h r e e A u s t r a lia n
G o v e r n o r s ,’ o ld P ie r c e C o l l e t t .”
T h e p r ic e o f f u e l a t B a t h u r s t w a s e x ­
t r e m e ly h i g h , s o m u c h s o , t h a t w h e n
te n d e r s w e r e c a lle d f o r s u p p l y i n g th e
m ilit a r y o f t h a t t o w n w ith it, t h e te r m s
w e r e s o e x c e s s iv e t h a t n o n e w e r e a c c e p t ­
e d . C o a l a t th is p e r io d ( F e b r u a r y , 1832)
h a d b e e n d is c o v e r e d o n t h e m o u n t a in
r o a d , a n d a p i t w a s at o n c e o p e n e d n e a r
th e w e s t e r n b a s e o f M o u n t Y o r k , in th e
V a l e o f C lw v d d , a t a s p o t k n o w n a s
“ C o a l P it S w a m p ;” b u t t h e d iffic u ltie s
o f t r a n s p o r t a ls o r e n d e r e d t h is c o m m o d ­
i t y a n e x p e n s iv e ite m .
O n 2 0 t h J a n u a r y , 1 8 3 2 , a t t h e s a le o f
G o v e r n m e n t s t o c k , 1 5 0 s h e e p b r o u g h t
7 /6 t o 8 /6 p e r h e a d , t h e wctes it is s u e d w e r e £ 1 a n d £ 5 r e s p e c ­
t iv e ly . T h e fir s t G o v e r n m e n t c a s h
tr a n s a c t io n s w e r e w i t h th e C o m m i s s a r i a t ,
w h e n q u a r t e r ly p a y m e n t o f p e n s i o n s w 'as
o r d e r e d t o b e m a d e f r o m t h e B a n k o f
B a t h u r s t to s u c h r e c ip ie n t s a s liv e d
w ith in t h e d is tr ic t.
T h e C o u r t o f Q u a r t e r S e s s io n s , a t
t h is d a te , w a s h e ld a t D i l l o n ’ s I n n , a n d
tw o b r a n c h jfc-st O ffices h a d b e e n e s t a b ­
lis h e d , o n e a t H a s s a n ’ s W a l l s , a n d th e
s e c o n d a t O ’ C o a n e l l P la i n s . A b o u t t h is 1
t im e , M r . C o x ,“ e n ., d is p o s e d o f h is e s - •
t a t e , “ H e r e f o r d ,” n e a r t h e s e t t l e m e n t , v
to M r . W e n t w o r t h , w h o w a s o n t h e e v e
o f m a k i n g B a t h u r s t h is f u t u r e a b o d e .
A m p n g s t t h o s e w h o h a d t h e n ' r e c e n tly
t a k e n u p th e ir r e s id e n c e a t B a t h u r s t w a s
M r . I c e l y a n d f a m i ly , a t t h e e s t a t e o f
“ C o o m b i n g ,” n e a r M a n d u r a m a , w h ic h
h a d “ la t e ly ” b e e n m a d e a p o lic e d i s ­
tr ic t; M r . K e m m is a n d f a m i ly , a t O ’ C o n ­
n e ll P l a i n s ; C o lo n e l W a l l , la t e 3 r d R e g i ­
m e n t , o r B u f f s , w-ho r e m o v e d f r o m P a r ­
r a m a t t a t o B a t h u r s t P l a i n s ; M r . W a t t ,
f r o m I n d ia , w h o p u r c h a s e d t h e f a r m o f
M r . B la c k e t t , q jo n tig u o u s t o t h e s e t t le ­
m e n t.
I n 1 8 3 4 , a s a le o f c o n f is c a t e d p r o p -
. e r ty b e l o n g i n g t o G o d f r e y o f B o r e e , fo r
m a n y y e a r s a c a r r ie r o n t h e m o u n t a i n
: r o a d , t p o k p la c e . H e h a d b e e n tr ie d at
I th e C r im i n a l S i t t i n g s a t B a t h u r s t f o r r e - ,

c e i v i n g s t o le n s h e e p a -c o n s id e r a b le e x ­
t e n t , a n d w a s d e p r iv e d o f h is p r o p e r t y
w h ic h c o n s is t e d o f h o r n e d c a t t le , h o r s e s ,
a n d s h e e p , w h ic h w e r e s o ld o n t h e 2gth
O c t o b e r , 1 S 34. S o v a lu a b le w a s th e
s t o c k c o n s id e r e d , th a t m e n f r o m S y d ­
n e y , a n d a s f a r a s T w o f o l d B a y , a s ­
s e m b le d ; a m o n g s t t h o s e n o tic e d ’w ere
m e n w h o h a d fille d a t d i f f e r e n t p e r io d s
th e p o s t o f C o m m a n d a n t a t B a t h u r s t
fr o m its f o u n d a t i o n — C a p t a in C o x , L ie u ­
te n a n t W . L a w s o n , C o lo n e l M o r r is s e t ,
C o lo n e l W a l l , a n d C a p t a i n C h e t w o o d e ,
th e o ffic e r t h e n in c o m m a n d . T h e p r o ­
c e e d s o f th e s a le a m o u n t e d to a little
le s s th a n ,£ 2 ,0 0 0 .
A t t h is t i m e , D r . W a r d e ll’ s fin e e s ­
t a te a t J a n e ’ s E n d w a s d is p o s e d o f on
le a s e .
W h e n t h e Q o ilo n y w a s d iv id e d in t o p o ­
lic e d is t r ic t s , in 1 8 3 4 , t h e d is t r ic t o f
B a t h u r s t n o t o n ly in c lu d e d t h e C o u n t y
o f B a t h u r s t , b u t a ls o th e C o u n t ie s o f
R o x b u r g h . G e o r g i a n a , W e l l i n g t o n , P h i)
lip , a n d B l i g h , c o m p r is i n g a p o p u la tio n
o f n o t le s s t h a n 4 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . I n N o ­
v e m b e r , 1 8 3 4 , a n a lt e r a t io n t o o k p la c e
w h e n , b y d ir e c tio n o f t h e G o v e r n o r , th e
d e s c r ib e d lim it s o f th e p o lic e d i s t r i c t w-as
a s f o l l o w s : “ H a v i n g t h e C o u r t H o u s e
n e a r th e R iv e r L e t t , a n d s e r v i n g a s in ­
t e r m e d ia t e d is tr ic t b e t w e e n B a t h u r s t a n d
P e n r ith t h e e a s t w a r d t o W e a t h e r b v a r d
H u t s t r e a m , o n t h e M o u n t a in R o a d , ti?
b e b o u n d e d b y th a t s t r e a m , th e R o x R i
v e r , a n d s o u th w a r d o t M o u n t a i n s C o l-
l o n g , M u r r u m , W e r o n g , a n d t h e d iv id ­
i n g r a n g e b e t w e e n W e r o n g a n d th e
h e a d *>f t h e F i s h R iv e r , to b e b o u n d e d
w e s t b y t h e F i s h R iv e r , D i x o n ’ s C r e e k ,
a r _ i . t h e r a n g e w h ic h s e p a r a t e s th e
C o u n t ie s o f R o x b u r g h , a n d C o o k ; o n th e
n o r th b y t h e C a p e r t e e , o r C o lo , R iv e r
to t h e j u n c t i o n o f 0 -vw en’ s C r e e k , in ­
c lu d in g a s p a c e w e s t o f t h a t c r e e k ,
M o u n t T o m a h a n d M o u n t H a y a n d th e
W e a t h e r b o a r d H u t I n n , a s f a r a s a fo r e ­
s a id . T h i s d i s t r i c t , w h ic h i s p r o p o s e d to
b e c a lle d ‘ T h e C l w y d d ,’ w ill c o n t a in p a rt
o f th e q u n t ie s o f W e s t m o r e l a n d a n d
C o o k .”
M a j o r M i t c h e ll, in h i s w o r k “ T r a v e ls
h i E a s te r n A u s t r a l i a ,” d e s c r ib e s B a t h ­
u rst a s a s e t t le m e n t o f s c a tte r e d h o u s e s ,
“ P e a c e a n d P le n t y n o w s m i le o n th e
b a n k s o f t h e W a m b o o l ” — t h e n a tiv e
n a m e f o r t h e M a c q u a r i e R iv e r — h e
w r ite s , b u t h e s t a t e s t h a t t h e in c o n v e n i­
e n c e a n d w a n t o f p la n f o r r o a d a n d
s tr e e ts w a s s t r i k i n g l y o b v io u s a t B a t h ­
u r s t “ A v a s t t r a c t , h a d , in d e e d , b e e n
r e s e r v e d f o r a t o w n s h ip , b u t t h e n n o
str e e ts h a d b e e n la id o u t ,
a llo t m e n t s fo r
b u ild i n g c o u ld n e it h e r b e o b t a in e d
b y
g r a n t n o r b y p u r c h a s e . T h e s i t e o f th e
to w n w a s o n ly d is t i n g u is h e d b v a G o v ­
e r n m e n t h o u s e , j a i l , c o u r t -h o u s e , p o s t -
o ffic e , a n d b a r r a c k s , w h i l e t h e p o p u l a ­
tio n h a d c o lle c t e d in s i x t y o r e i g h t y
h o u s e s b u ilt in a n i r r e g u la r m a n n e r o n
t h e S y d n e y s id e o f th e r iv e r , a t a d i s ­
t a n c e (o f a m ile f r o m th e in t e n d e d s it e
o f th e t o w n .” T h e a p p r o a c h to t h e
t o w n s h ip w a s e q u a lly in c o n v e n ie n t ; a p ­
p a r e n t ly , “ t h e o n ly r o a d in u s e b e i n g
v e r y in d ir e c t , a n d p a s s i n g t h r o u g h a
m u d d y h o lo w n a m e d ‘ t h e B a y o f B i s c a y ,’
a n d w h ic h c o u ld n o t b e a lt e r e d ^coving
to th e a d ja c e n t la n d s w h i c h h a d b e e n
g r a n t e d to i n d i v i d u a l s .”
I n 1 8 3 7 t h e r e w a s a C h u r c h o f E n g ­
la n d . I n 1842 a new ’ c h u r c h w a s e r e c t ­
e d , a W e s l e y a n a n d P r e s b y t e r i a n , a n d a
g e n e r a l s t o r e . T h e t o w n s h ip w a s u n d e r
m ilit a r y r u le . T h e o ld g a o l s t o o d o n t h e
i g r o u n d w h e r e M a c h a t t i e P a r k , n a m e d
a fte r D r . M a c h a t t ie , o f B a t h u r s t , is
i»pw lo c a t e d . T h e o ld e s t c h u r c h in th e
d is t r ic t is K e l s o , b u ilt in 1 8 3 7 , p r e v io u s
to w h ic h a t e m p o r a r y b u i l d i n g w a s in
u s e s in c e 1 8 2 6 . T h e c h u r c h s t a n d s in
a n o ld c e m e t e r y , w h e r e in t h e g r a v e s o f
3 p e o p le a r e f o u n d , t h e d a t e o f
w h ic h b e g a n a b o u t 1 8 3 0 .

Centenary of Bathurst.
THE Centenary of Bathurst was celebrated last week
in a manner worthy alike of th^piistoric event and
of the people of the district. Tne festivities were
on a big scale, and the arrangements were admirably carried
out. The picturesque city was crowded, visitors
being attracted from far and near. The most important
day of the holiday week was Wednesday last, when
a memorial foundation-stone was laid to commemorate
the centenary. The State Governor ^ras present, and
among the thousands of spectators were the daughter,
grandson, and great-granddaughter of Mr. Evans, the
Deputy Surveyor-General, who, following up the work of
Blaxland, Lawson, and Wentworth, had the honour of
discovering the great western plains.
THE State Governor, who was accompanied by two
daughters and the Minister for Education, was entertained
at breakfast by Mr. John Meagher, M.L.C., after
which a civic reception was tendered by the Mayor (Alderman
Rigby) and aldermen of Bathurst. The vice-regal
party was welcomed in a decorated pavilion in the centre
of King’s Parade, a guard of honour being provided by the
cadets. An illuminated address was presented to his
Excellency, who subsequently declared the King’s Parade
open, amid the enthusiastic cheers of several thousand
spectators. Sir Gerald Strickland then declared .the com ­
memoration memorial foundation-stone in honour of Surveyor
Evans well and truly laid. He said:—“ The occasion
calls to mind the great services done to Australia by
the profession to which Surveyor Evans belonged. Surveyors
and civil engineers have done more to make Australia
the Australia we know than we are prone to recognise
without reflection. It is really the work of the surveyors
and engineers which forms the greatest contrasts
between the occupation of these plains by the black men
and their occupation by Anglo-Saxons,to-day. Much has
been done for Australia by education, much by constitutional
government, and by the extension of the civic
liberties, but when it comes to bedrock, to the primary
industries, through which we live and through which -these
plains have their prosperity, we must look to the fruits
of the work of the engineers. It is, therefore, specially
fitting that a monument should be erected to Evans, who
was not only an explorer, but a member of the profession
to which Australia owes so much.”
Tl'RPIN, DAUGHTER OF SURVEYOR EVANS, G. W
(GRANDSON) AND HIS DAUGHTER.
EVANS
O l R FRANCIS SUTTOR gave an interesting address, in
^ the course of which he paid a high tribute to the
work of Evans. There was a distinguished gathering at
the centenary banquet, when the Governor, in acknowledging
the toast of the Governor-General and the State
Governor, paid a tribute to the hardy pioneers who, at the
danger of their lives, followed in the wake of the explorers,
pushed settlement westward, and extended the
bounds of civilisation. The toast of “ The Ministry and
Parliament” was proposed by Mr. W. H. Webb, and responded
to by Sir Francis Suitor. Mr. J. Miller proposed
“ The Day We Celebrate.”
N the afternoon his Excellency the Governor and Miss
I Strickland held a reception in the courthouse, after
which a garden party was held in Machattie Park. In
the evening the State Governor was entertained a t a
banquet by the citizens of Bathurst.

R u ra l S c e n e .
(Reproduced from a painting by courtesy of Mrs. J. Rutherford).
Photo, by A. R. Gregory, Bathurst
B a th u rst R e sid e n c e in E arly D a y s. Reproduced by courtesy of
Mrs. J. Rutherford from photo, by A. E. Gregory
CC
H C. Reavis. Photo.
St. J o sep h 's M o u n t
See letterpress on l-age 45
A K. Gregory, Photo. “ H e r e fo r d ,”
R e sid e n c e o f th e la te J a m e s R u th e rfo rd

E v a n s' C row n
Reproduced from a drawing by Miss Geraldine Rutlierford
V ie w sh ow in g O ld B ru ced a le
In the foreground- and the present Suttor family's residence on the hill

M a jo r - G en era l Stew a rt’s O b e lisk at “ T h e M o u n t
M r. J. H . S te w a rt’s R esid e n ce , “ T h e M o u n t

91
H. C. Beavis Photo.
G e o rge W m . E van s
M a jo r -G e n e r a l S te w a rt
H. C. Bfavis Photo.
J a m es R u th e rfo rd
Mayor, 1868 ------

92
M R S. B U SBY,
(whose portrait appears opposite), was
authoress o f the enthralling incidents
recounted in the “ Bathurst Daily Times ” at
the end ot 1901 and beginning o f 1902, and
subsequently reprinted in pamphlet form.
Mrs. Busby was perhaps the first white
woman to cross the mountains by rough
and hazardous means o f transit, over eighty
years ago. She was the wife o f Dr. Busby,
Colonial Surgeon, to whom a tribute is paid
in our references to the local hospital. W h en
she arrived in Bathurst the only buildings
were six brick cottages and two mud houses,
occupied by the military and police officials
as the penal establishment. Kelso, then the
city,” boasted two public houses — one at
each end o f the village — and a number o f
straggling, low -roofed cottages. Mrs. Busbi'
resided for upwards o f 80 years in Bathurst,
and died at the advanced age o f 96.
H ie W o m e n o f the W e 3 t
They left the vine wreathed cottage, and
the mansion on the hill,
The houses on the busy streets where life
is never still,
The pleasures o f the city, and the friends
they cherished b est;
F or love they faced the wilderness— the
W om en o f the W est.
The roar and rush and fever o f the city
died away,
And old-time joys and faces— they were
gone fo r many a d ay;
In their place the lurching coach-wheel,
or the creaking bullock chains;
O 'er the everlasting sameness o f the
never-ending plains.
In the slab-built, zin c-roofed homestead o f
some lately taken run,
In the tent— beside the bankment o f a
railway just begun,
In the huts o f new selections, in the
camps o f man’s unrest,
On the frontier o f the Nation live the
W om en o f the W est.
The red sun robs their beauty, and in weariness
and pain,
The slow years steal the nameless grace
that never comes again;
A nd there are hours men cannot soothe,
and words men cannot say;
The nearest wom an’s face may be a
hundred miles away.
The wild bush holds the secrets o f their
longing and desires,
W hen the white stars in reverence light
their holy altar fires,
A nd silence, like the touch o f God, sinks
deep into the breast,
Perchance he hears and understands the
W om en o f the W est.
F or them no trumpet sounds the call, no
poet plies his arts,
Tliev only hear the beating o f their gallant
loving hearts,
But they have sung with silent lives the
~.ong all songs above,
The holiness o f sacrifice, the dignity o f
love
W ell have we held our father’s creed ; no
-all has passed us by,
W e faced and fought the wilderness, we
sent our sons to die;
And we have hearts to do and dare, and
yet o ’er all the rest,
The hearts that made the Nation were
the W om en o f the W est.
— George Essex Evans.

M r. J. H ..S tew art, o f “ T h e M o u n t”
(See letterpress on page 31)
m
H. C. Beavis Photo
M r. J o h n L ee
(See letterpress on page 31)
M r. G e o rg e L ee
See letterpress on page 31
M r. W . H . S u ttor, J u n io r
(See letterpress on page 25)
Sir F ra n cis S uttor
M r. H . C . S u tto r

94
E x tra ct from "fh e B athurst T im e s".2 0.1 1 .1 9 1 > .
" ............U n til 18J0,Mr K ite .th e w ealthy landowner
m om opolised the whole o f th e h o t e l tr a d e ,tr it in
1831 th e re were th ree Inna, " Thomas K it e ’ s "Dun
Cow"; W illiam B liz z a r d ’ s "G olden F le e c e ",a n d
R ich ard M i l l s ’ "K ing W illia m ". The s i t e o f th e
Bathurst township w a s .u n til 18^2,at K e lso,a h o u t
a m ile from the p resen t s i t e " .

141 [John k j

95
H 3
T W t n t p r The JeweIIer **
^ ^ Howick Street, Bathurst
A n old established Jewellery Business w ith a reputation to keep op
V IS IT O R S m a y rely on G ood Jewellery, G ood
Service, and a Square Deal at W I N T E R 'S
ThePark Hotel
O verlook in g Machattie Park
Large and Airy Apartments
Cuisine under personal supervision
of Mrs. M unro
Best W ines and Spirits
Porter meets all trains
T elephone 84
jVlotor Gar Trips
Visitors are notified that that M r.
P ercy H u n t will arrange M o to r Car
T rips on extrem ely m oderate terms
Address: 231 Russell-st, Bathurst
’Ph o n e 259

I42[jp(#t\k]
t

NATTY WOOD’S Famous
Tea & Refreshment Rooms Bathurst
Ground Floor, are the Largest and
most Up-to-Date out o f Sydney
Our Large & Small Banquetting Room s
U pstairs are available for all classes of
Public and Private Functions. Com fortable
seating accom m odation for upwards
of 200 guests.
NATTY WOOD,
102 WILLIAM STREET, BATHURST
Try W. H. GARTREhli
For all th a t is Best
T he Best Bread
T he Best Confectionery
The Best Sm all G oods
The Best Pastry
The Best Summer Drinks
’Phone 66 W illiam -street
C. BRIGGS,
Hairdresser & Tobacconist
98 William Street
G ive him a Trial
T elephone 135
Regular Com m unication w ith T att’s
H otel Open and Lighted for Arrival of all
N ight Trains. H ot & Cold W ater Baths
Night Porter always on hand
BUTLER’S TEL 218
HOTEL VICTORIA
R igh t opp. Railw ay Station B athurst
(n o cabs necessary)
Table a Speciality
M edium T ariff

I

96
Ei
1 8 1 3
----------------------------
1913.
Pioneering
C e n te n a r y
Colossal
Hardships.
C e le b r a tio n s
Wealth.
in Commem oration of the
D isco v e ry o f th e G r e a t W e s te rn P lains
o f N .S .W . b y D e p u ty S u rv ey or G e n e ra l
E van s in 1 8 1 3 .
7T N Australian National movement lias be^'- inaugurated, having:
for its objective thf* erection of a monument fitting t*> the
occasion—wh ch *dmittedlv w S'-ne of the most i otab e in Australian
bistbry. atid one which hi torians chronic e as ranking e ual
in importance to the discovery of I’or Jackson.
The Memorial will be ere*-ted in Bathurst (on the site of which
Cit Surveyor Evans actua ly camped), and the foundation st'-ne
will be laid on November 19th by the 1■overnor of New South Waies,
His Excellency Sir Gerald Strickland, K.C. IWI.G.
The cost ot erection will be defrayed by public sub-cription. and
that every A» strjilian resi«teut, no matter how humble his posiiion,
may participate without undue self-denial,
A GIGANTIC ONE SHILLING SUBSCRIPTION LIST
has been opened. No subscription need, however, be limited to
that amount.
A Special A ppeal is m ade to Y O U .
The Citizens of Bathurst are honoring the occasion by means of a
Superb Fete, extending over seven decretary.
S U B S C R I P T I O N C A R D N o .
968
f
t
i
Presented by
President: A r n o i . d R i o b y , E s q ., Mayor of Bathurst.
Hen. Treasurer: D. F. W. Vkvkss. Hon. Secretary : J Rain,
rJown Clerk, Bathurst.
A H. & P. Assn.
^ (See back cover). Bathurst.
L

THE NATIONAL SHILLING FUND
Tow ards erection of Memorial in com m em oration of
the discovery o f the W estern Plains o f N.S.W . by
Surveyor Evans in 1813.
Subscribers will please initial on square for each shilling subscribed.
CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS
N O VEM BER 15th to 22nd, 1913.
Subscribers o f 10s and over
Collector s Signature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tital
Collector s Signature.
Total..

97
S K .
c$ a / / t(t-id / C ^/ce-t-rtd tvern/ci Y ^ /^ , « / -ne&n
AND A T THE OFFICIAL LUNCHEON at 1 p.m.
R.S V.P. to Hon. Sec., Bathurst.
Hotel andf BATHURST EN
Business V
FETE
f
X T* 8 * IN COMMEMORATION OF THE
H O f I S P d * DISCOVERY OF THE BATHURST
°\ PLAINS IN 1813
’“‘Next to the Discovery of Port Jackson^ the
most important event in Australian history"
SEVEN DAYS' CARNIVAL:
A R e c o r d o f the B est f NOVEMBER 15 to 22, 1913
H o u s e s in B a th u r st. II S E E P R O G R A M M E o n in sid e p a g e .
s e c u r e y o u r
ACCOMMODATION EARLY
F o r fu rth er P a rtic u la rs w rite to th e
HON. S«C.: J. B A IN

97
c$ a / / i r t i d / c ^ ’/ct.t'n d r/? e n ./tn tz > .y .
c t m c f (^~0& wt / fe e ./ / A
ie a e t e d / / A

98
Centenary Celebrations
T o Commemorate the Discovery
of the Bathurst Plains in 1813
U n d e r the P a tr o n a g e a n d in th e presence o f H I S E X C E L L E N C Y
S I R G E R A L D S T R I C K L A N D , K .C .M .G ., G o v e r n o r O F N .S .W .
P r e s id e n t:
A R N O L D R I G B Y , E s q ., M a y o r o f B a th u rst.
H o n . S e cretary : J. B A I N .
Literary_

m [blank]
Open Competitions.
1. O D E O R P O E M , h a vin g reference to the C entenary; limited to
120 lines. P rize, £J0 I Os.
REGULATIONS
Governing the Competitions,
2. E S S A Y : “ T h e Progress o f W estern N .S .W . since the discovery
o f the Bathurst Plains in 1813” ; limited to 5000 words.
First £10 10s, second £2 2s.
Prizes:
3. S H O R T S T O R Y , to treat o f conditions o f life in the early days of
the C o lo n y ; limited to 3000 words. P rizes: First £5 5s,
second £1 Is.
1 . A l l p e r s o n s c o m p e t in g m u s t a c c e p t t l ie d e c is io n o f t h e a d ju d i c a t o r
a p p o in t e d b y t h e C o m m it t e e , w h ic h s h a l l b e f in a l a n d w it h o u t a p p e a l.
2 . A l l m a n u s c r i p t s e n t e r e d f o r c o m p e t it io n m u s t b e w r it t e n o n o n e s id e o f
s h e e t o n l y , l e a v i n g a f a i r l y b r o a d m a r g i n .
3 . W in n e r s o f c o m p e t it io n s , w h e r e a n a g e l i m i t i s s t a t e d , m u s t i n a l l c a s e s
p r o d u c e c e r t if ic a t e o f b i r t h , o r b o n a -f id e e v id e n c e o f a g e , b e f o r e t h e p r iz e i s p a id .
4 . E a c h c o m p e t it o r w i l l p la c e o n l y a n a n o n y m o u s s ig n a t u r e t o t h e p a p e r , a n d
m u s t a ls o f o r w a r d u n d e r s e p a r a t e c o v e r a s e a le d e n v e lo p e c o n t a i n i n g p r o p e r n a m e .
T h i s e n v e lo p e to b e e n d o r s e d w it h t h e n o m d e p lu m e , n a m e o f s u b je c t , a n d i t s
n u m b e r i n t h e l i s t o f c o m p e t it io n s u b je c t s .
5 . W h e r e t h e r e i s o n l y o n e c o m p e t it o r i n a n y s e c t io n , t h e a d ju d i c a t o r h a s t h e
r i g h t to a w a r d f ir s t o r s e c o n d p r iz e w h e r e s u f f ic ie n t m e r i t h a s b e e n d is p l a y e d , a n d
h a s t h e r i g h t t o w it h h o l d a n y p r iz e w h e r e s u f f ic ie n t m e r i t h a s n o t b e e n d is p l a y e d .
Juvenile Competitions.
4. S H O R T S T O R Y , open to Students under J6 years on N ovem ber
30th, J9I3. P rizes: B ook s value, first £2 2s, second £1 Is.
5. S H O R T S T O R Y , open to Students under J9 years on N ovem ber
30th, J9I3.
Prizes: B ook s value, first £2 2s, second £J Js.
6. T h e p r i z e - w i n n i n g O d e s o r P o e m s , E s s a y s a n d S t o r ie s , a r e t o b e c o m e t h e
p r o p e r t y o f t h e C e n t e n a r y C e le b r a t io n s C o m m it t e e .
7 . A l l c o m p e t it io n m a t t e r m u s t b e t h e b o n a -f id e w o r k o t t h e c o m p e t it o r s .
8 . E n t r y F e e s m u s t a c c o m p a n y e a c h c o m p e t it io n p a p e r , o n t h e f o l l o w i n g
s c a l e : — C o m p e t it io n s N o s . 1 , 2 a n d 3 , 2 / 6 e a c h ; C o m p e t it io n s N o s . 4 a n d 5 , 1 / -
e a c h .
9 . A l l m a n u s c r i p t s e n t e r e d f o r c o m p e t it io n m u s t b e i n t h e h a n d s o f t h e H o n .
S e c r e t a r y , f o r a p p r o v a l b y t h e C o m m it t e e , n o t la t e r t h a n o n N o v e m b e r 1 s t , 1 9 1 3 .
J. BAIN, Hon. S ecreta ry.

c
1. O D E O R r
120 line
2. E S S A Y : “
o f the B
First £ 1<
3. S H O R T ST
the Col'
second i
Jtr
4. S H O R T ST
30th, 191
5. S H O R T S I
30th, 191
BATHURST EN FET
Centenary Celebrations: Seven Days' Carnr
OFFICIAL PROGRAMME:
Saturday, Nov. 15 — 2 p.m ., B athurst C lub R a ce M eeti
8 p.m ., G rand C entenary C on cert.
Monday, Nov. 17 — 2 p.m., B athurst C lub R a ce M eeti
8 p m , C ontin ental in M achattie Park.
Tuesday, Nov. 18 — 10 a.m ., Gun Club P igeon M a tch ; 2 p
P o n y R ace C lub M eetin g ; 3 p.m., C on versazion e Gar
P a rty; 8 p.m ., C ontinental in M achatiie Park.
Wednesday, Nov. 19— 11 a.m., Grand C entenary P rocessi
12 a .m , L ayin g F oundation S ton e o f M em orial by
E x cellen cy S ir G erald Stricldand, K.C.M .G .; 1 p.m., Qffi
L u n ch eon ; 2 p.m , S tart o f S pectacu lar D rill D isplay
S p o rts fo r S ch o o l C hildren and C a d e ts; 3 30 p.m ., Gar
P a rty and V ice-R eg a l R eception in M achattie P a rk ; 8 p
G ran d C en ten a ry C ostu m e B all, to be op en ed by tl
E xcellen cies S ir G erald and L ady Strickland.
Thursday, Nov. 20 — N oon , B icy cle S ports and M otor C
G ym khana on C ricket G ro u n d ; 8 p.m ., Juvenile Center
C ostu m e B all.
Friday, Nov. 21— 2.30 p.m ., F irst Test, B and C o n te st; 8 f
S econ d T est, B and C ontest.
Saturday, Nov. 2 2 —N o o n , G rand Centenary S ports M ee
T rottin g , C yclin g , M otor C yclin g, P edestrian Gymkhana
a list o f oth er E v e n ts ; C adet C om p etition s; 8 p.m., F in a
B and C on test.
In addition to above, the unofficial entertainments will include Rifle Mat
Gun Club S hoot, Bow ling, Tennis and G olf Competitions, Operatic and Thea
Entertainm ent, Picture Shows, and m any other amusements.
F or further inform ation, and to secure accom m odation, write to J. B A IN , Hon

BATHURST EN
FETE
Centenary Celebrations: Seven Days' Carnival
OFFICIAL PROGRAMME:
Saturday, Nov. 15 — 2 p.m., B athurst C lub R a ce M e e tin g ;
8 p.m., G rand C en ten a rj C on cert.
Monday, Nov. 17 — 2 o.m ., B athurst C lub R a ce M eeting ;
8 p.m., C ontinental in M achattie Park.
Tuesday, Nov. 1 8 —10 a.m., G un Club P igeon M a tch ; 2 p.m .,
P on y R ace C lub M e jtin g ; 3 p.m., C on versa zion e G ard en
P arty; 8 p.m., C ontinental in M achattie Park.
Wednesday, Nov. 1 9 —11 a.m., Grand C entenary P r o c e s s io n ;
12 a .m , L ayin g F oundation S ton e o f M em orial by H is
E x cellen cy S ir G erald Strickland, K .C .M .G .; 1 p.m., O fficial
L unch eon ; 2 p.m ., Start o f S p ectacu lar D rill D isplay and
S p orts fo r S ch o o l Children and C a d e ts; 3.30 p.m ., G arden
P arty and V ice-R egal R eception in M achattie P a rk ; 8 p.m .,
G ran d C en ten ary C ostu m e Ball, to be op en ed by th eir
E xcellen cies S ir G erald and Lady Strickland.
Thursday, Nov. 2 0 — N oon , B icy cle S p orts and M otor C y cle
G ym khana on C rick et G ro u n d ; 8 p.m., Juvenile C en ten ary
« C ostu m e B all.
Friday, Nov. 21 — 2.30 p.m., F irst Test, B and C o n te st; 8 p.m .,
S econ d T est, B and C on test.
Saturday, Nov. 2 2 —Moan, G rand C entenary S p orts M eeting,
T rottin g, C yclin g, M otor C yclin g, P edestrian G ym khana and
a list o f oth er E v e n ts ; C adet C om p etition s; 8 p.m., F in a le o f
B and C on test.
In addition to above, the unofficial entertainments will include Rifle M atches,
Gun Club S h oot, Bowline;, Tennis and G olf Competitions, Operatic and Theatrical
Entertainm ent, Picture Shows, and m any other amusements.
F or further inform ation, and to secure accom m odation, write to J. BAIN , H on. Sec.
4kNational-Advocate,** TypoBathurst.

H . C. Beav s Photo.
A ll Saints* C a th e d r a l
(See letterpress on page 47)
II. C. Beavis Photo.
St. S te p h e n ’s P re sb y te ria n C h u r ch
(.See letterpress on page 49)
H. C. Beavis Photo.
R .C . C a th e d r a l (SS. M ic h a e l a n d John)
H isto ric A n g lic a n C h u rch a t K e lso
First Church and Burial Ground in Bathurst

101
A L L SAINTS' C A T H E D R A L " BATHURST.
The R e v . T . S h a r p e . M . A . , w a s the f i r s t i n c u m b e n t of
A l l S a i n t s ' , T h e a p p o i n t m e n t b e i n g m a d e i n 1 8 4 1 . in
1 8 4 3 , B i s h o p B r o u g h t o n v i s i t e d B athurst, a nd a d v o ­
c a t e d the b u i l d i n g scheme then u n d e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n
In 1 8 4 5 , the f o u n d a t i o n of A l l S a i n t s w a s l a i d . I n
1 8 5 2 , the c o m p l e t i o n of the c h u r c h tower w a s p r o v i ­
d e d for, end in 1854, the p e a l of bells, w a s added.
A y e a r l a t e r the v e s t r y was b u i l t . I n 1^66, the a d d ­
i t i o n of a side aisle w a s made, a n d a g r a n t of l a n d
r e c e i v e d for a parsonage. The tower a nd n o r t h a i s l e w e r e
w e r e e n l a r g e d in 1869, the cost b e i n g £975. D u r i n g
the same y e a r the R E V . S A M U E L M A R S D E N , w a s a p p o i n t ­
e d f irst B i s h o p of Bathurst, and the R e v . T . S h a r p e ,
M . A . , w a s s u c c e e d e d by the R e v . F . C l a y , M . A . " The f i r s t
D i o c e s a n Synod, w as h e l d on May 8 t h , 1870. B i s h o p
M a r s d e n w a s e n t h r o n e d on M a a y 1 0 t h , Q I U P , b y Dr B a r ­
ker, B i s h o p of Sydney. The R e v C l a y w as s u c c e e d e d by
the R e v . T . S m i t h . On A p r i l 2 8 t h , 1 8 7 4 , the c o r n e r
s t o n e of the C a t h e d r a l extension, was l a i d by B i s h o p
Barker. The f i n a l p a y m e n t in c o n n e c t i o n w i t h the
h e a v y debt i n c u r r e d on this account, w a s m a d e in
J u l y , 1911. S i n c e that d a t e , £4,225, h a s b e e n e x p e n ­
d e d on the organ, schools, a n d o t h e r b u i l d i n g work.
D u r i n g 1882, the R e v . J . T . M a r r l o t , M . A . , D 7 D . , a c c ­
e p t e d the a p p o i n t m e n t o f I n c u m b e n t and d e a n of the
parish. B i s h o p M a r s d e n was s u c c e e d e d by B i s h o p
Camidge, a n d the p r e s e n t Bishop, Is the R i g h t Rev.
G .M .L o n g .

102
THE R O M A N C A T HOLIC C A T H E D R A L ? B A T H U R S T
T h e f o u n d a t i o n s tone of the R . C . C a t h e d r a l o f St.
M i c hael, and St John, was b l e s s e d b y A r c h b i s h o p
P o l ding, din N o v e m b e r 3 0th,1857. it is one o f the
m o s t c o n s p i c u o u s a nd i m p r e s s i v e f e a t u r e s of the
c i t y ' s a r c h i t e c t u r e . A d j o i n i n g it a r e s e v e r a l o t h e r
w e l l - d e s i g n e d e d i f i c e s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e church,
I n c l u d i n g the B i s h o p ' s Palace. I n d e e d it w o u l d he
d i f f i c u l t to find a m o r e m a j e s t i c a n d c h a r a c t e r ­
istic series of e c c l e s i a s t i c b u i l d i n g s in any o t h e r
p r o v i n c e of the State. R a n g i n g f r o m W i l l i a m St to
G e o r g e St, they f a c e the w h o l e l e n g t h o f the p i c ­
t u r e s q u e side of the far f a m e d M a c h a t t i e P ark. T he
b u i l d i n g d»f the C a t h e d r a l w a s c o m p l e t e d i n 1860,
at a cost of £12,000, the B i s h o p t h e n , b e i n g Dr
Quinn, a m a n of h i g h I n t e l l e c t u a l a t t a i n m e n t s
a n d g r e a t p e r s o n a l influence. H i s v e r y w o r t h y
s u c c e s s o r s were, Dr B y r n e , a n d Dr Dunne, the p r e s ­
ent Bishop. The a d m i n i s t r a t o r of the D i o c e s e Is
the R e v . F a t h e r M a g e e , w i t h w h o m is a s s o c i a t e d the
R e v . F a t h e r L onergan.
ST S T E P H E N ' S P R E S B Y T E R I A N C H U R C H " B A T H U R S T
St S t e p h e n ' s P r e s b y t e r i a n C h u r c h m a y b e d e s ­
i g n a t e d a gospel p i o n e e r of B a t h u r s t , h a v i n g b e e n
e r e c t e d as early as 1833. It also s t a n d s as a m e m o ­
r i a l of the loyal a d h e r e n c e of t h o s e e a rly s e t t l e r s ,
w h o In m i g r a t i n g to Bathurst, c a r r i e d w i t h t h e m a
f i r m f a i t h i n P r e s b y t e r i a n l s m .

'2.0% [blank]

103
time. H i s p a s t o r a t e e x t e n d e d over the l e n g t h y p e r i o d of
30 years. He r e s i g n e d in 1 8 9 5 , and h i s s u c c e s s o r , the R e v
J a m e s Klnghorn, m i n i s t e r e d for loyears. T h e n the call
w a s a c c e p t e d "by the p r e s e n t m i n i s t e r , the R e v . J . H . R o b e r t s -
s on.(1912).
H C Beavis Photo
M eth o d ist C h u rch

----------

104
M E T H O D I S T CHURCH. B A T H U R S T
T he a v a i l a b l e r e c o r d s I n d i c a t e that m i s s i o n a r i e s
of the M e t h o d i s t d e n o m i n a t i o n , w e r e , - w i t h c h a r a c t e r i s t i c
evangelical energy- v e r y early astir in the B a t h u r s t d i s t r i c t
Cn the l e c t u r e h a l l of the f i n e church, w h i c h w i t h its tall
spire, g r a c e s W i l l i a m Street, is d i s p l a y e d the date, 1837.
An a n t e c e d e n t and e x p l a n a t o r y r e c o r d h e a r s the d a t e of J u l y
fl,1836, w h i c h tells of a m e e t i n g then h e l d at w h i c h it was
resolved to b u i l d a " c h a p e l ”, on lend granted by the G o v e r n ­
ment to the W e s l e y a n M i s s i o n a r y Committee. The m e m b e r s h i p
of the c h a p e l at that time is g i v e n as 21, and the i n c o m e
for the p r e v i o u s quarter, £19-8-11. The R e v . F . L e w i s p r e ­
sided at the m e e t i n g m e n t i o n e d . D u r i n g the f o l l o w i n g ten
years the m e m b e r s h i p total i n c r e a s e d to 197, a n d the m i s s ­
ionary agent w a s the Reto.Benjamin Hurst. T h e r e w e r e then
three c h a p e l s in B a t h u r s t circuit, a nd others w e r e In c o u r s e
of e r e ction or in c o n t e m p l a t i o n ^ Two S a b b a t h Schools, w i t h
9a a t t e n d a n c e t o t a l l i n g 100, and a day school w i t h 15 p u p i l s
'’e r e also brought into existence, the a t t e n d a n c e at p u b l i c
worship n u m b e r i n g 600. W i t h this p i o n e e r i n g r e c o r d d u r i n g a
period,^ w h e n the only o t h e r W e s l e y a n m i n i s t e r s a t w o r k in N e w
South Wales, t o t a l l e d 6 , ( t h r e e In Sydney, one at P a r r a m a t t a ,
one at Windsor, a n d one In the H u n t e r R i v e r d i s t r i c t ) , it is
perhaps less s u r p r i s i n g that such r a p i d p r o g r e s s was s u b s e q ­
u e n t l y m a d e along a s m o o t h e r way. So in 1857, w h i l e the Rev.
'oseph Cram was in c h a r g e of* the circuit, we f i n d t h ese m i s s ­
ionaries m a k i n g c o m p r e h e n s i v e a r r a n g e m e n t s to r a i s e f u n d s for
G l i d i n g extension, a n d r e f e r e n c e s in the c o n t e m p o r a r y p r e s s
o these efforts, s h o w that they were well rewarded. S t e a d y
xtenslon of the c o n n e c t i o n h a s since continued, and to-day,
1912), t h e B a t h u r s t d i s t r i c t h a s 24 c i r c u i t s , 26 ministers, 5
ome m i s s i o n stations, 103 churches, 12 schoolbulldings, 26
:irsonages, 2,484 c h u r c h members, and t h e r e are 71 S u n d a y Sch
ol8,wlth 3,683 attendants.

i
105
ACROSS THE MOUNTAINS IN 1841. j
The celebration of the centenary of the
first crossing of the Blue Mountains last
week set us turning back the leaves of Time
for glimpses of the past. But deeply as some
of us are interested in the history of the
early days it is difficult for us to change the
scene, and really picture our land as it was
then. Last week hundreds of people went
from Sydney to Mount York and back again
in one day, travelling by special train or
motor car. Such a journey would have
seemed beyond all the wildest dreams of
adventure even 50 years ago. To-day most
of us growl and grumble if our train is half
an hour late in a trip across the Mountains to
Bathurst; how would we like to be plunged
back into the “ good old days,” and take a
week or more over the journey? We have
before us an interesting record of old time
travelling. It is a letter, written in 1841,
by an Englishwoman, newly arrived in New
South W ales, Mrs. J. C. Stanger, whose name
was for many years well-known and respected
in the Bathurst district. The letter
is written to her mother in the old land,
and carries us back to the days of the
pioneers.
“ The most speedy mode of travelling over
the Mountains is by the mail cart, which
leaves Sydney for Bathurst on certain days;
but this is too expensive to be generally
adopted, as the lowest fare is 90s each person.
All, therefore, who cannot afford this,
and have no conveyance of their own, are
under the necessity of travelling by some of
the drags, numbers of which are constantly
on the road to and from Sydney. U ter many
anxieties respecting this journey it was settled
that our best plan would be to dispose of
many unnecessary articles, and purchase in
their stead the most useful and salable in
the part we were bound for. These were
; packed with all our other goods on bullock
drays, and with a person who had purchased
land at King’s Plains and wished to see it
we agreed that he should take ns in his own
dray, with two horses, and our bedding and
provisions for the journey. W e had hoped by
this arrangement to have had sufficient room,
to have travelled the distance in a week, and
to have escaped the very undesirable company
of the bullock drivers, who are almost
sure to be convicts of the very lowest
grade.
“ After this agreement was made our driver,
wishing to make the journey as advantageous
to himself as possible, loaded the dray with
various commodities of a bulky and weighty
character, paying no regard to our comfort
or to that of the horses.
“ And now, fancy me, with my five dear
babies, seated on the top of this miserable
load! But although we were resolved on
starting, the poor horses had evidently determined
otherwise, both positively refusing
to act as leader. After much whipping,
scolding, and rearing up the horse in the
shafts fell down, with the load pressing heavily
on some part of it, making it very restive,
and with no little difficulty we again dismounted.
The horses would not stir an
inch, for the load was far too heavy Our
goods were gone on several days in advance
of us, and there we stood, with just enough
money to defray our expenses, the driver
coolly telling us that he was very sorry, but
! his horses would not take the load, and he
would not go without i t About midday, however,
we bade farewell to Sytfhey, the driver
having procured another dray and horses,
dividing the goods between them. Owing to
the roads being heavy after a fortnight’s
rain we made but eight miles that day, and
as there was no food or water for our horses
' we drove into an inn yard. Now, you must *
1not expect it was one of those com fortable
places so common in dear old England, where
after the fatigues of this troublous day we
might have been accommodated at a reasonable
rate; but finding that £ 4 at the lowest
would have been the demand our drays were
drawn carefully under a shed, and for the
first time in our lives, with sorrowful hearts,
we began to prepare our beds on the top,
. contrary to the usual mode, which is under
the drays. I dare say you can believe we
slept but little. Poor Mary and Sarah both
fell from the top, the latter's fall somewhat
modified by coming in contact with the dog.
There would have been no danger of their
falling out at all, but Eliza, not finding as
much room as she had been used to, had
slipped into the manger, where she slept
peacefully for an hour or two till the man
rose to feed his cattle, and mistaking her
cap for the corn sack handled it rather too
unceremoniously.”
.Starting at daybreak the next day the little
party reached Parramatta by noon, and at
night found themselves fully 18 miles from
Sydney! They spent the night in the open
air, and the next evening reached Emu
Plains. They attempted the rise of Lapstone
Hill, but the horses were tired, and backed
over the road into a tree, from which they
were rescued by an iron-gang in charge of a
few soldiers. . . ‘In a short time we
reached the huts, and were persuaded by the
men to encamp for the night at this station.
The soldiers were very kind, and gave the !
children a good tea in their quarters, while
we lighted a large fire and prepared their
beds in a tent which my deal- husband had
made for the journey. Here, not quite unmindful
of the company surrounding us, it
was decided that the pistols should be loaded,
and Joseph and the man act alternately as
sentinels during the n ig h t”
However, nothing exciting happened in the
night, and they set out next morning somewhat
refreshed.
“ Now, again, the roads were heavy, and
the drivers were constantly mortified by the
horses standing still, and then, again, lying
down. Through this day poor Eliza walked
with dear baby, and I brought up the rear,
and blocked the wheels at every stoppage,
sometimes left half a mile behind, and then ■
having to run as fast as possible to perform 1
this new duty.’ Next day, having reached
Springwood. they parted with their guide,
who left them to wait some other conveyance.
"Towards evening that day we were joined
by five bullock teams, and as one had behind
his dray a new and empty one we agreed with

106 2J5
him to take us to Bathurst. And it was with
cheerful hearts that about 11 the next morning
w p found ourselves on the road com fortably
seated in our new conveyance, and forming
as the procession moved along a formidable
array—for to every dray there were
about three men to swear at, beat, and take
care of the bullocks. Each team consisted of
nine and almost as many dogs. Now, we had
no more anxiety, for our cattle were slow
but sure, and if any difficulty occurred it was
only to hook on some ten or eight others
and soon all was set right.”
Anyone who has ever seen a bullock team
can imagine the tediousness of such a jou r­
ney and yet to these travellers the bullock
drays seined to be quite a God-send, and the
rest of the road was travelled by this means.
After a number of days, more or less eventful
on the bad roads the wayfarers at last
reached Bathurst, having been about a month
on their journey.
And nowadays we can travel by m otor to
Bathurst and back in a single day!
C 'W / '- y

t
APPRECIATION
MR. J. BAIN EULOCrSED.
B Y C E N T E N A R Y C O M M I T T E E .
S a t u r d a y n i g h t ’ s m e e tin g - o f th e B a ­
th u r s t C e n t e n a r y C e le b r a t io n C o m m i t ­
te e e x p r e s s e d its g r e a t a p p r e c ia t io n o f
M r . J . B a i n ’ s s p le n d id a c h ie v e m e n t in
c o n n e c t io n w ith t h e r e c e n t c a r n iv a l
w e e k .
T h e M a y o r (A ld e r m a n A . R i g b y ) ,
w h o p r e s id e d , m o v e d t h a t th e b e s t
t h a n k s o f t h e C e n t e n a r y C o m m it t e e
a n d t h e c it iz e n s b e a c c o r d e d M r . B a in
f o r h is s p le n d id w o r k . M r . B a in , h e
s a i d , h a d w o r k e d e a r ly a n d la t e fo r
th e m o v e m e n t , a n d t h e s u c c e s s o f 'h e
c e le b r a t io n s w ^ s k n o w n t h r o u g h o u t *ue
C o m m o n w e a lt h . T h e y h a d a s p l e n ­
d id b a la n c e -s h e e t to s h o w , b u t a b o v e
a ll, th e m o s t v a lu a b le t h i n g in c o n ­
n e c t io n w ith th e c a r n iv a l w a s th e s p le n ­
d id a d v e r t is e m e n t w h ic h it g a v e to B a ­
t h u r s t . T h e c it iz e n s a n d th e C e n t e n ­
a r y C o m m it t e e o w e d a d e e p d e b t f
g r a t i t u d e t « M r . B a in f o r h is w o r k ,
n o t o n lv in c o n n e c t io n w ith th e C e n ­
t e n a r y , b u t a ls o w ith t h e J u b ile e c e le ­
b r a t i o n s . H e s in c e r e ly r e g r e t te d h is
d e p a r t u r e f r o m B a t h u r s t .
M r . E . W i ll i a m s , in s e c o n d i n g th e
m o t i o n , s a id t h a t a g r e a t d e a l -f
t h a n k f u ln e s s w a s d u e to M r . B a in .
T h e r e w a s h a r d ly a p e r s o n in B a t h ­
u r s t w h o w o u ld h a v e c a r r ie d th e A’o r k
o u t w ith s o lit t le fr ic t io n . E v e r y t h i n g
w o r k e d s o s m o o t h ly , a n d th is fa c t w a s
d u e t o th e o r g a n i s e r .
M r . C . J e n n i n g s s u p p o r t e d th e n .o -
t io n . H e e u lo g is e d M r . B a in f o r h is
s p le n d id e n t h u s i a s m . T h e m o v e ­
m e n t m i g h t h a v e b e e n a d is a s t r o u s
f a i lu r e , a n d it w a s a s e r io u s r e s p o n s i ­
b i l it y fo r o n e r r ? r . t o b r i n g it to s u c h
a s u c c e s s . M r . B a in h a d s h o w n u n ­
d o u b t e d c o u r a g e .
A ld e r m a n W . J M 'P h i l l a m y ;i ’ d
t h a t M r . B a in w a s th e o n l y m a n v h o
c o u ld h a v e m a d e s u c h a s u c c e s s o f th e
c e le b r a t io n s . “ A f t e r th e y w e r e
o v e r , ” a d d e d A ld e r m a n M ‘ P h i lla m y , “ I
d e c id e d t h a t M r . B a in w a s th e o n ly
p e b b le o n t h e b e a c h .”
M r . F r a n k W a l k e r , p r e s id e n t o f th e
A u s t r a l ia n H is t o r ic a l A s s o c i a t io n , c o n ­
g r a t u la t e d M r . B a in a n d th e c o m m i t ­
t e e u p o n t h e g r e a t s u c c e s s o f th e c e le ­
b r a t i o n s .
M r . W a l k e r r e fe r r e d to H s
o w n a s s o c ia t i o n w ith t h e B lu e M o u n ­
t a i n s c e l e b r a t io n s l a s t y e a r .
S p e a k i n g
o f t h e f i n a n c ia l a s p e c t o f t h e s e , M r .
W a l k e r s a id t h a t t h e y s t a r t e d o u t w ith
£1200 to p l a y w ith , a n d t h e y w o u n d
u p w ith a c r e d it n e tt b a l a n c e o f £1 7 s
6 d . H e e x p r e s s e d h i s r e g r e t in M r .
B a i n 's d e p a r t u r e f r o m B a t h u r s t . H e
( M r . W a l k e r ) a lw a y s h a d a w a r m c o r ­
n e r in h is h e a r t f o r B a t h u r s t ,
a n d h e
h o p e d t h a t th e c i t iz e n s w o u ld e r e c t
s o m e t h i n g o n K i n g ’ s P a r a d e w h ic h
w o u ld b e a c r e d it t o th e c i t y o f B a t h ­
u r s t a n d t o th e C o m m o n w e a l t h .
R e v . F a t h e r M u l l i n s s a id t h a t ‘.h e
b e s t s p e e c h o f t h e e v e n i n g w a s
th a t
w h ic h d i s c l o s e d t h e b a la n c e -s h e e t .
F a t h e r M u l l i n s p r a is e d M r . B a in f o r
h is s p le n d i d w o r k . H e s a i d b e
t h a n k e d M r . B a in f o r c o m i n g , t o B a t h ­
u r s t a n d s h o w i n g t h e m w h a t a r e a l
liv e m a n c o u ld d o .
T h e y w a n t e d tw o
m e n in B a t h u r s t — o n e w h o c o u ld g e t
w a t e r ,
a n d o n e w h o c o u ld s h o w th e m
e n t h u s i a s m . ( L a u g h t e r .) H e t r u s t e d
th a t M r . B a in w c u l d le a v e t h e m th e
s e c r e t o f h i s in f lu e n c e .
M r . H . C . S u t t o r s p o k e in t e r m s o f
w a r m p r a is e M r . B a i n ’ s w o r k in
B a t h u r s t .
M r . D . F . W . V e n e s s s v .d t h a t o n ly
t h o s e b e h i n d th e s c e n e s k n e w w h a t d e ­
v o lv e d u p o n a n o r g a n i s i n g s e c r e t a r y .
M r . V e n e s s s a i d h e r e g r e t t e d M r .
B a i n ’ s d e p a r t u r e , b u t a t th e s a m e
t i m e h e t h o u g h t h a t i f a m a n g o t
a p o s it i o n s u c h a s M r . B a in h a d s e
c u r e d , h e w a s o n l.
a ‘ m u t t o n h e a d ” if
V"- d id n o t g o a l o n g , a n d a c c e p t it.
( L a u g h t e r .) B a t h u r s t s h o u l d b e
p r o u d t o k n o w t h a t o n e o f th e c a p it a ls
o f t h e S t a t e s h a d c o m e t o B a t h u r s t to
g e t a m a n to c a i r v o n o n e o f its p r in
c i p a l i n s t i t u t io n s .
A l d e r m a n H . C . B e a v i s a n d M t . F .
T . E l l i s a l s o a d d e d w o r d s o f p r a is e f o r
M r . B a in .
M r. B ain. ;n the course, o f . **■
H i i i * aj« a'qqntf |» « « * * •*» P*1
- — -— »« «p - m
[03 OI paitM»Ap»
•q o i s o wm.01 *np »J*u *n»
-aouw l in * ‘M nra Xq nofwoq ‘T O 'f f a
¥ A
a ■ a h ■ ar i bu b _ -S L