Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) | Dr. Vedant Karvir

INFLAMMATORY
BOWEL DISEASE
DR. VEDANT KARVIR
(Chief Hepato Gastroenterologist)

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBS)
Disorders of the digestive tract are combined under the term inflammatory
bowel disease. Ibd mainly affects the tissue present in the large intestine and
results in ulcers and bleeding along with pain and cramps in the abdomen.
The cause of ibd is still unknown. The two main types of ibd are :
• Ulcerative colitis – in ulcerative colitis inflammation of the tissue occurs in
the lining of the large intestine(colon) and rectum.
• Crohn’s disease – crohn’s disease is characterized by inflammation of the
lining anywhere in the digestive tract.
Both crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis result in diarrhea, rectal bleeding,
abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue. It may also lead to life-threatening
complications if not treated well in time.

What are the symptoms of IBD?
The symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease may range from mild to
severe depending on the place of inflammation. You may have bouts of
active illness with intermittent bouts of remission.
Some signs and symptoms that are commonly seen in both crohn’s disease
and ulcerative colitis are:
• Abdominal pain and cramps
• Fatigue
• Unexplained weight loss
• Blood in stool
• Little or no appetite
• Diarrhea

What causes
of IBD?
The exact cause of IBD
is not known but one
possible cause may be
an immune system
malfunction. When the
immune system fights
off foreign bacteria that
try to invade the body
cells, it sometimes
attacks the cells of the
intestine as well. IBD is
more common in
people who have a
family history of
someone suffering from
the same disease.

What are the risk factors?
Age
Most people diagnosed
with IBD are below thirty
but sometimes it is seen
in people above the age
of fifty
Cigarette smoking
Crohn’s disease is more
common in people who
smoke cigarettes.
Anti-inflammatory
medication
Anti-inflammatory
medicines such as
ibuprofen, naproxen
sodium, diclofenac
sodium, etc. Increase the
risk of contracting IBD or
worsen the symptoms in
people already suffering
from the disease.

Complications
Some complications are commonly seen in both ulcerative colitis and
crohn’s disease. These include:
• Skin, eye, and joint inflammation.
• Scarring and narrowing of the bile duct, leading to liver damage.
• Blood clots in arteries and veins.
• Increased risk of colon cancer.

Complications
Specific complications of crohn’s
disease:
• Malnutrition- diarrhea and abdominal
pain make it difficult to eat proper
meals ultimately resulting in
malnutrition.
• Fistulas – inflammation can lead to the
formation of fistulas near and around
the anus which can be very painful if it
gets infected.
• Anal fissure – fissure is a small tear in
the tissue lining the anus. It results in
painful bowel movements and may
lead to fistula.
Specific complications of ulcerative
colitis
• Severe dehydration – ulcerative colitis
is characterized by diarrhea which can
further lead to severe dehydration.
• Perforated colon – ulcerative colitis
may lead to a hole in the colon.
• Toxic megacolon – the colon shows
excessive swelling and may widen
leading to a condition called toxic
megacolon.

Treatment of inflammatory bowel
disease
IBD can be managed by prescribing medicines to reduce inflammation that causes sores.
Lifestyle changes have a positive effect and help reduce stress and anxiety.

Get in Touch:
Address: Globus Gastroenterology Hospital, 201, Second Floor, Kothari
Milestone Mall, Near Natraj Market, S V Road, Malad West 400064
Phone: +91 98331 06104, 98331 87118
Email: info@globushospital.in
Website: globushospital.in